英文句型的转换

英文句型的转换

1. 简单句句型的转换

1.1 主语

1）有时对其他句子成分无影响。

a. There is nothing inconsistent in what she said. 她的话并无前后矛盾之处。

→There is no inconsistency in what she said.

b. His arrogant manner made everyone dislike him. 他的傲慢态度使大家都讨厌他。

→His arrogance made everyone dislike him.

c. Your denying it is useless. 你的否认没有用。

→Your denial of it is useless.

2）有时其他部分需要相应的改动。

a. Mastery of a language requires painstaking efforts. 学语言要下苦功。

→It requires painstaking efforts to master a language.

b. No amount of persuasion could make her change her mind. 不管怎样劝说，她都不肯改变主意。

→Nothing could persuade her to change her mind.

c. His decision was to join the army after thorough consideration. 经过深思熟虑后，他决定参军。

→He decided to join the army after thorough consideration.

总结：具象和抽象主语间可互相转化。

1.2 谓语

1）转化为表语

a. These books can be obtained at any library. 这些书哪个图书馆都有。

→These books can be obtainable at any library.

b. Every language reflects the culture that produces it. 每种语言都反映产生它的文化。

→Every language is a reflection of the culture that produces it.

c. She always minds her obligation to others. 她总是注意自己对别人的责任。

→She is always mindful of her obligation to others.

2）转化为“动词+名词”

a. He apologized for having broken his promise. 他为违背诺言而道歉。

→He offered apologies for having broken his promise.

b. She recited a poem by Bai Juyi. 她朗诵了白居易的一首诗。

→She gave a recitation of a poem by Bai Juyi.

c. He applied for a passport. 他申请了一份护照。

→He made an application for a passport.

1.3 宾语

1）抽象与具象名词间的互换

a. The expansion of the city required extension of the communication lines. 城市要扩大就要延长交通线。

→The expansion of the city required extended communication lines.

b. The report revealed the precariousness of their position. 报告透露了他们处境的危险。

→The report revealed their precarious position.

c. They were deeply impressed by the fluency of her English. 她流利的英语给他们留下了深刻的印象。

→They were deeply impressed by her fluent English.

2）部分宾语（宾补）发生变化

a. They always consider themselves to be right. 他们总认为自己是对的。

→They always consider themselves to be in the right.

b. I believe him to be honest. 我相信他是诚实的。

→I believe him honest.

1.4 表语

1）名词与形容词互换

a. Your suggestions are of great value to us. 你的建议对我们很有价值。

→Your suggestions are very valuable to us.

b. Sunlight is of great benefit to the human body. 阳光对人体很有好处。

→Sunlight is greatly beneficial to the human body.

2）被动结构转化为“be+介词短语”

a. The road is being repaired. 马路正在翻修。

→The road is under repair.

b. The scene could not be described. 景色无法形容。

→The scene is beyond description.

1.5 状语

1）副词转换为“介词短语”

a. She purposely ignored me at the party. 她在晚会上故意不理我。

→She ignored me on purpose at the party.

b. I only met her accidentally. 我只是偶然碰到她。

→I only met her by accident.

2）不定式转换为“介词短语”

a. The policemen ran through the street to pursue the bank robbers. 警察在马路上追逐银行劫犯。

→The policemen ran through the street in pursuit of the bank robbers.

b. We walked through the woods to search for the little girl. 我们穿过树林找寻那个小女孩。

→We walked through the woods in search of the little girl.

3）分词短语转换为“介词短语”

a. The staff members in the office are all busy working. 办公室的职员们都在紧张地工作。

→The staff members in the office are all busy at work.

b. He entered, accompanied by a group of boys. 他和一群男孩走了进来。

→He entered in company with a group of boys.

1.6 定语

1）形容词转换为“介词短语”

a. It is a very important discovery. 这是一项重大发现。

→It is a discovery of great importance.

b. She is an intelligent girl. 她是个智力很高的姑娘。

→She is a girl of high intelligence.

2）其他转换

a. It is indeed a day to be remembered. 这确实是一个难忘的日子。

→It is indeed a memorable day.

b. I want to book a room accessing to Internet. 我想订一间可以上网的房间。

→I want to book a room accessible to Internet.

2.简单句与复合句的互换

2.1 主语从句

1）主语从句转换为“不定式”

a. It is so regrettable that one should be so extravagant. 这样奢侈浪费是令人遗憾的。

→It is so regrettable to be so extravagant.

b. It has not been decided where we should hold the conference. 在哪里开会还没有决定。

→It has not been decided where to hold the conference.

2）主语从句转换为“动名词短语”

a. It worries her that Tom should mix with such people. 汤姆和这样的人来往令她发愁。

→Tom’s mixing with such people worries her.

b. It is a great honor that you’ve come to visit us. 你的来访是我们的一大荣幸。

→Your coming to visit us is a great honor.

2.2 表语从句

1）表语从句转换为“不定式”

a. My idea is that we should rent an apartment. 我的想法是去租一套房子。

→My idea is to rent an apartment.

b. The question is how we could raise so much money. 问题是如何筹集这么多资金。

→The question is how to raise so much money.

2）表语从句转换为“动名词短语”

a. Our chief worry was that she lacked enthusiasm. 我们主要担心她缺乏热情。

→Our chief worry was her lacking in enthusiasm.

b. My suggestion is that we make immediate inquiries into the matter. 我建议马上调查此事。

→My suggestion is making immediate inquiries into the matter.

3）表语从句转换为“名词短语”

a. Another difficulty was that they could not communicate with the outside. 另一个困难是他们无法与外界取得联系。

→Another difficulty was their inability to communicate with the outside.

b. Their trouble is that they are short of skilled workers. 他们的困难是缺乏熟练工人。

→Their trouble is their shortage of skilled workers.

2.3 宾语从句

1）宾语从句转换为“动名词短语”

a. I remember that I’ve heard you speak on that subject. 我记得曾听你说过这个问题。

→I remember having heard you speak on that subject.

b. He denied that he had made any statement to that effect. 他否认曾做过那样内容的声明。

→He denied having made any statement to that effect.

2）宾语从句转换为“带不定式的复合宾语”

a. The police ordered that they should wait right there. 警察命令他们就在那里等候。

→The police ordered them to wait right there.

b. She told me where I could shop cheaply. 她告诉我在哪里可以买到便宜东西。

→She told me where to shop cheaply.

3）宾语从句转换为“名词短语”

a. Workers demanded that they should be paid higher wages. 工人要求增加工资。

→Workers demanded higher wages.

b. The judge ordered that the prisoner be released. 法官命令释放这名囚犯。

→The judge ordered the release of the prisoner.

2.4 定语从句

1）定语从句转换为“不定式短语”

a. There are a lot of things we should do today. 今天有很多事要做。

→There are a lot of things to do today.

b. That is nothing we should feel ashamed of. 这不是什么该羞愧的事。

→That is nothing to be ashamed of.

2）定语从句转换为“分词短语”

a. Those who study there are mostly disabled children. 在那里学习的大多数都是残疾儿童。

→Those studying there are mostly disabled children.

b. These are the seats which are reserved for VIPs. 这些是为贵宾们保留的座位

→These are the seats reserved for VIPs.

3）定语从句转换为“介词短语或名词”

a. The information that is in his possession is strictly confidential. 他掌握的情报都是极端机密的。

→The information in his possession is strictly confidential.

b. Elizabeth, who is a girl of a strong character, refused to back down. 伊丽莎白是个性格坚强的姑娘，不肯退让。

→Elizabeth, a girl of a strong character, refused to back down.

2.5 状语从句

1）状语从句转换为“分词短语”

a. After he had failed twice, he didn’t want to try again. 失败两次，他不想再尝试了。

→Having failed twice, he didn’t want to try again.

b. As he was convinced that they were trying to poison him, he refused to eat

anything. 因认定他们想毒害他，他什么东西都不肯吃。

→Convinced that they were trying to poison him, he refused to eat anything. 2）状语从句转换为“不定式短语”

a. He wore a mask so that no one should recognize him. 他戴了一个面罩以防有人认出他。

→He wore a mask so as not to be recognized.

3）状语从句转换为“介词短语”

a. Don’t make any changes until you get further notice. 在另接通知前不要做任何改动。

→Don’t make any changes until further notice.

b. Although he came back soon, he missed that important moment. 尽管他很快回来了，他仍然错过了那个重要的时刻。

→In spite of his coming back soon, he missed that important moment.