英译汉 英语笔译考试

英译汉：

第1篇Corporate Scandals

In an era of corporate scandals, one of the biggest, has largely escaped attention. So it is good news that the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is finally taking a look at how some of America's biggest companies have been cynically exploiting the accounting rules that apply to their pension funds. This might seem an esoteric* field. It is not immediately clear that much is at stake. In fact, literally billions of dollars have been conjured on to firms' balance sheets and profit and loss accounts in recent years, flattering reported earnings. Without manipulations of their pension accounts, industry icons such as IBM, General Motors and Boeing would have reported drastically worse financial results. By adopting grossly unrealistic return assumptions, many companies have grabbed pension “profits” that might never materialize and will have to be written off eventually. If they had accounted for their pension obligations properly, it can be argued, many big firms might even be bankrupt.

The SEC wants to know exactly how pension-fund accounting has been used. The defined-benefit retirement funds of many big companies have huge deficits. But at the stroke of an actuary' s** pen a company can make heroic assumptions about the returns its pension assets will earn and so the rate at which its own liabilities will grow in future, allowing it to claim that the pension-deficit problem is manageable.

Is there a better way to account for pensions? And how should pension funds be run to avoid problems in future? The two questions are intimately connected. A better accounting method should, by letting companies, shareholders and employees know the true state of affairs, lead directly to better all-round administration of pension funds. That would be reinforced if companies did their level best to ensure that their pension schemes are fully solvent—where would the incentive to play accounting games be then?

* esoteric: 深奥的

** actuary: 精算师

第2篇Caught in the Act of Becoming

Visit the household of any expectant parent, and you are likely to see a printout of a sonogram* on the fridge. Y ou may even be offered the chance to watch a live-action video of a three-dimensional fetus, the newest ultrasound option. I expected to feel as excited about my first ultrasound as my friends had been about theirs. We were given our own printout of the squid-like creature we'd seen, magnified to fill the screen but in reality no bigger than a thumb. I stared at it and waited for a surge of maternal affection. What I felt was embarrassment at seeing what I might

never have been meant to see---at having caught this entity in the act of becoming. In the past few years, there's been a boom in commercial ultrasound centers, which send images home via CD-ROM or DVD.

When we brought our ultrasound picture home, we put it in a filing cabinet. I wondered if I would ever develop the maternal sensibility that seemed expected of me. When I'd gone to the doctor to confirm my three-week-old pregnancy, a nurse handed me a copy of Parenting magazine.

I knew my body had not yet decided whether it was willing to follow the arduous protocols of pregnancy. Our culture's romance with motherhood can mean lack of interest in women's individual experience. We anoint** a barely pregnant woman a mother, yet remain silent about the frequency of miscarriage—a silence that is often received as a message of failure. Numerous friends discovered how common miscarriage is only after they’d had one—a loss informed by their sonograms, framed with names, dates and measurements, identified as girls and boys, all creating the illusion of arrival.

* sonogram：超声波扫描图

** anoint：(如奉神意般地)选定，指定

第3篇The Making of Mozart

It is still a badge of honour for anyone else to be called “a latter-day Mozart”, or “the Mozart of mechanical engineering”. Mozart's music itself is infused with a remarkable energy that seems to provide a soundtrack to the Enlightenment, which was sweeping Europe during the composer's lifetime. From the majesty of his "Jupiter" symphony to the warm-spirited wit and weirdness of his opera The Magic Flute, his music has enduring appeal.

One pianist disputes the idea that Mozart was a “product” of the Enlightenment, emphasizing instead his own unique abilities. Indeed, as an icon of genius, Mozart is a persistent point of reference in debates about nature and nurture, or the relative importance of genes and culture in individual development. But it is too simplistic to counterpose the idea of Mozart as a product of the Enlightenment to the idea of the composer as a born genius. Musical ability and artistic development, like anything else, are more complicated than that.

For the pianist Ronald Brautigam, Mozart's genius was then in combining popular, chirpy tunes that people could whistle in the street with more profound and personal music that demanded more of the listener, so that he appealed both to the general audience and to the connoisseur*. In common with William Shakespeare, Mozart was a businessman as well as a genius, and acted as his own impresario**. Clearly the social context was not irrelevant to Mozart's success, then. In a dynamic and forward-looking Europe, there were new audiences for music and an appetite for novelty. Mozart was patronised by Joseph II—that paradoxical but quintessentially eighteenth-century type, the Enlightenment autocrat—who encouraged the composer to express himself.

Of course, not everyone is capable of becoming a Mozart if only given the right education and circumstances, but neither should we take “genius”literally, as a mysterious accident that

emerges just like that.

* connoisseur：内行，鉴赏家

** impresario：演出主办人；演出经理

汉译英：

第1篇电脑病毒

说起病毒，在我拥有个人电脑这两年多来，除了一次因为借给别人用了一会儿而导致中毒之外，还真没有碰上过。倒也不是我有什么免疫力，总结这两年多的经验，也算是有了一点心得。首先，没必要不要接触来路不明的磁盘，即使要用也要先查一遍；其次，在网上下载东西时可要千万提高警惕，一些大公司的网站还比较安全（如果被黑客袭击过，那就不敢保证了），而那些小网站的安全系数就低了；再次，如果你收到一封看起来形迹可疑的电子邮件，还是删了为好，邮件炸弹现在满地都是，真可谓到了“俯拾皆是”的程度，一不小心，可就真的“炸你没商量了”；最后，为了安全起见，可不要只顾着贪便宜，盗版软件还是别再用了，否则真要出了事，后悔也没用。

第2篇想起清华种种

我只是清华几万校友中的一个，我已不在清华工作，然而一说起这所学校，至今仍像年轻时候一样兴奋，话也像说不完似的。

清华吸引人的地方到底是什么？它有很好的校园、设备，但这些别校也有；它的历史也不很长，世界大学中，成立已几百年的有的是；想来想去，还是由于清华的人，或者说清华人与中国历史的特殊关联。

说起清华人，我怀念我的老师们。大学一年级，俞平伯、俞冠英两位老师教我国文，一位教读本，一位教作文，都亲切而严格，有一次俞先生指出我把爬出虎写成荆棘的错误，但又要我多写几篇给他看。二年级，贺麟老师教我西洋哲学史，见了我长达百页的英文读书报告不仅不皱眉，反而在班上表扬我。正是在他的指导之下，我读了不少希腊哲学家著作的英译，真有发现新星球似的喜悦。

第3篇爱情的定义

有个大学三年级的女生，不算漂亮，甚至还多少有点丑。她见同班的女同学皆有了男友，惟独自己形影相吊，便感到挺自卑，还常常悄悄地掉泪。

教心理学的老师觉察到这件事，就假冒一个男生的名义，给她写了封匿名的求爱信，这封信的末尾是：一个希望得到您的青睐的极其善良的男同胞。就这么一封信，一举改造了一个人。

看看那原来自卑的女孩子吧！自打收到了这封信，就恢复了勇气和信心——她抬高了自己高贵的头，她的步伐从此充满了自信，她不再暗自垂泪，她奋发图强，她的拼搏使人感动。到了那年年终，她果然以全优的成绩得到了全班同学的一致赞美！

于是我突然明白了爱情的定义。爱情是什么？它就是给人一个会展翅高飞的希望。

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商务英语翻译测试题及 答案 集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]

I. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the meanings of words italicized.(15%) 1. The above quoted are the articles in great demand, which have won a high reputation in various markets. 2. The articles in this agreement must not be modified and ended

without the agreement by the both parties. 3. However, the tariff should not be greater in amount than the margin of price caused by dumping. 4. As usual, the lion’s share of the budget is for defense. 5. He once again imparted to us his great knowledge, experience and wisdom.

II. Translate the following sentences with extension.(15%) 1. There is a mixture of the tiger and ape in the character of Hitler. 2.China, which posted its highest growth rate in a decade, is Asia’s new star performer. 3. John took to his studies eagerly, and proved an adept pupil.

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