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英语语法:suchas与forexample的用法区别

英语语法:suchas与forexample的用法区别
英语语法:suchas与forexample的用法区别

英语语法:such as与for example的用法区别

一、两者的用法共同点

such as与for example均可用于表示举例,有时可互换。如:

Some sports, such as (=for example) motor racing, can be dangerous. 有些体育运动,比如赛车,有时是很危险的。

My wife likes social activities, such as (=for example) tennis and golf. 我妻子喜爱社交活动,如打网球和高尔夫球等。

二、两者的用法不同点

such as除表示举例外,还可表示诸如此类,意思是“像……这样的”“诸如……之类的”,

此时不宜与for example互换(但可与表示诸如此类意思的like互换)。如:

Opportunities such as (=like) this did not come every day. 这样的机会不是天天都有的。

Avoid unhealthy foods such as (=like) hamburger and chips. 不要吃汉堡和薯条之类的不健康食品。

另外,such as有时可分开用,但for example不能分开用。如:

The disease attacks such animals as cats and dogs. 这种病只侵袭像猫狗一类的动物。(比较:The disease attacks animals such as cats and dogs.)

三、两者位置的不同点

such as用于举例时,总是跟在被说明的内容之后,不能独立成句,也不能用于句首或句末,其后也不能用逗号,但for example可以。如:

Each situation is different. For example, a man with a rich wife doesn't have to work. 情况各有不同,例如,娶了有钱妻子的男人就不必工作。

You make too many mistakes—lots of spelling mistakes, for example. 你的错误太多——比如,有好多拼法错误。

【边学边练】用such as, for example, like填空:

1. After talking about the job in general, we got down to the specifics, ________ the salary.

2. Carmakers use robots to do unpleasant jobs, ________ painting cars in hot conditions.

3. There is a real risk of injury in sports ________ climbing.

4. There are many big cities in Europe, ________, London, Paris and Rome.

5. ________, we are to have less clothes, coal and food even than we have had and less petrol than we expected.

6. I know many women who have a

career and a family Alison ________.

7. Great men have risen from poverty—Lincoln and Edison, ________.

8. Many young people are taking radio courses in English. There is the boy next door, ________.

参考答案:1. such as / for example 2. such as / for example 3. such as / like 4. for example 5. For example 6. for example 7. for example 8. for example

英语语法大全之状语 7

10.条件状语从句 If it rains,I shall(or will,can,may)not go out.(I do not know whether it will rain or not.) If it should rain,I shall(or will,can,may)not go out.(I do not know whether it will rain or not.) If it should rain,I should(or would,could,might)not go out.(I don't think it will rain.) If it rained,I should(or would,could,might)not go out.(I know it will not rain.) If it had rained,I should(or would,could,might)not have gone out.(I know it did not rain.) If it rained,he will(or can,may)not have gone out.(I do not know whether it rained or not.)If he only(or but)works harder,he will succeed.(He doesn't have to do anything else in order to succeed.) If you only care to flatter your boss,you will be promoted. If and when I die,you must take good care of your-self. He may resign if he so desires(or chooses,wills,purposes). I may do anything if I intend(or wish,like,will)it. He is nothing if(he is)not(=absolutely,decidedly)a cheat. Your guess is nothing if(it is)not correct. Ask that gentleman if gentleman(不加冠词)he be.(倒装语序) His conscience forbade him to do so,if conscience he had. I have succeeded in persuading a drunkard,if succeed one can. Let me know your reason,if reason there is. I have told her ten times,if I have done once(=exactly). The mountain is5650feet,if an inch(=exactly). 1

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三、同一个意思,在英语和美语中分别用不同的词语(同义异词)

四、发音上的区别

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状语从句一. 二.分类:

adv.+that (如此……以致) so that (结果……) such+n.+that (如果……以致) that (所以,因此) 让步状语从句: though/although 不可同but 连用。 though/although (虽然) however (可是) even though/if (即使) no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever (不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时) 比较状语从句: as (正如) as…as (和……一样) not as/so … as (不如……) than (比……更) the+比较级…+the+比较级 (越……越……) 条件状语从句: if (假设) unless (如果不) so long as (只要) on condition that (如果) 方式状语从句: as (像……那样地) just as (正像) as if (好像) as though (好像) 三. 四. 各种状语从句的简化方法:

1. 2.以after和before引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时,从句等于after/before+doing sth. 作状语。 例:After she sang,she left the rich man's house.= After singing,she left the rich man's house.3. 4.以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时,从句等于on+doing sth.,作状语,此时的动词为非延续性动词。 例:Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village. = Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village. 5. 6.时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时,有时可简化为不定式作状语。 例:She stopped when she saw her husband.= She stopped to see her husband. If you want to understand the farmers,you must go to the countryside. = To understand the farmers,you must go to the countryside. 7. 8.结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时,可以简化为不定式作状语;若两者主语不一致时,则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。 例:He was so tired that he couldn't go any further.= He was too tired to go any further. I came here so that I could ask some questions.= I came here(in order) to ask some questions.9. 10.以when,while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时,从句等于when/while/if +doing sth.作状语,表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。例:When he turned on the radio,he found it broken.= When turning on the radio,he found it broken.While she was walking along the street,she was hit by a car.= While walking along the street,she was hit by a car. 11.原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时,可简化为分词短语作状语。 例:Since l didn't know Chinese,I tried to speak to her in English.= Not knowing Chinese,I tried to speak to her in English. 注意:形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语,来代替原因状语从句,放在句首、句末均可,但一般应加逗号。 例:As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest,he went into the tea-house. = Thirsty and eager to get a little rest,he went into the tea-house. 12.在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中,若从句和主句主语不一致时,可简化为分词复合结构作状语。有时也可简化为“with/without名词或代词十分词(短语)”形式作状语。 例:When the film start appeared, the children got exited.= The film start appearing,the children got exited. If all the work is done, you can have a rest.= With all the work done,you can have a rest. Nothing can live if there is no air.= Nothing can live without air.

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