【高考英语】专题26+新题型——语法填空(新课标)-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2019(精品Word版含解析)

【2019年高考命题预测】

高考改革始终坚持“在稳定中求发展”的命题指导思想，命题的基本原则依然是“突出语篇，注重交际，讲究灵活，强调应用”。基于此种原因，2014年高考全国卷样题中删除了历年高考英语的“单句型语言知识题”，取而代之的是英语语言知识运用的“语法填空题”。

语法填空题是给出200字左右的一段短文或对话，段落中给出10个填空，其中4个填空是给出一个单词，填写它的正确词形，如形容词的比较级等，其余6个填空是结合上下文直接填词（不多于3个单词）。这要求考生既要掌握熟练的语法知识，还要有一定的语言阅读能力。从单选题那种单独句子中的单独的语法考核，到短文中的语法实际应用，此次题型转变得更加灵活。

考题的难易程度应该是有所下降的，刻板的单纯语法考题将逐渐消失，基础知识好的考生完成语法填空题应该不成问题。针对语法填空题如何复习，提醒考生，应继续进行语法知识的复习，加强对词汇本身用法，如主、被、动，固定短语搭配，冠词、连词等运用进行复习。

【考点定位】2019考纲解读和近几年考点分布

语篇语法填空试题特点：

1.“把‘题’设在有一定语境和语义确定了的文段中”是高考命题的宗旨。以对话为载体的2014样题，其长度为173词+10空格。旨在考查考生理解语篇的能力、分析句子结构的能力及熟练运用语法的能力。因此，只有读懂对话文段才能做好语法填空题。

2. 从样题的设空特点来看，它不仅重视对语言基础知识--词法、句法的考查，考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、动词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。同时也考察了学生在没有给出任何提示，需要根据语篇逻辑填空的能力。考生既要能判断出不同的“部分”在句子中的“成分”，又要考虑该结构中用什么词、词性、词形、习惯搭配、拼写、

大小写等一系列问题（出现任何错误都不给分）。

3. 题型设置分三种类型。

(A) 填实义词 -- 提示词4个（61.happen, 63. go, 64. early, 65. make) 。用括号内单词的正确形式填空，主要涉及动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级等语法考点（与广东高考语法填空试题考察角度一致）。

(B) 填功能词 --纯空格3个（62. when, 67. it, 68.the ) 。在空白处填入适当的内容。空后无提示词，要求考生根据文意、上下连贯性和行文逻辑，填入一个适当的词，包括连词、代词、限定词 (冠词、物主代词、指示代词等)、副词等（与广东高考语法填空试题考察角度一致）。虽然样题里没有体现对介词和其他功能词的考察，它也应该是考察知识点。

(C)语境理解填空 -- 纯空格3个（66. Anyway，69. must have put，70. mind/memory)。在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）。空后无提示词，要求考生根据文意、上下连贯性和行文逻辑，填入适当的词（1-3个），从样题看这类题主要出现在对话的后半部分，并且以实义词为主（全国高考语法填空试题创新之处，需特别注意）。

4. 答案词数有限定。

试题要求已明确规定：在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。从样题判断“不多于3个单词”的空格，出现在对话的后半部分，这样的设置体现了语境的作用。而谓语动词时态与语态用法；非谓语动词完成体、进行体和被动形式；多音节形容词/副词比较级；定语从句的“介词+关系代词”等语言现象应该是“不多于3个”的重点考察项目。

语篇语法填空解题技巧

解语篇语法填空，要从“词、句、篇”三个层面去思考。

（1）词汇层面

方法1：做主语或宾语的名词或“形容词+名词”前无形容词性物主代词、不定代词等限定词时，根据上下文填冠词。

【例1】The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to ______ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage.

【解析】a 第一次提到的可数名词单数前用不定冠词，表示“一个”。

【例2】I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had ______ amazing conversation.

【解析】an 短语搭配have a conversation“和……交谈”。

【例3】But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in ______ last row.

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高考英语语法填空真题及答案

高考英语语法填空真题及 答案 Updated by Jack on December 25,2020 at 10:00 am

历年高考语法填空真题 1. (2018全国卷I)阅谈下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 ________ (die) early by running. While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try. 2. (2018全国卷II)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Diets have changed in china-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61____ (grow) more corn than rice。 Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over __62 __ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 63 _____(actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64_________(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water _65_____ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥)runoff. This switch has decreased 66________ (pollute)in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67______(globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government 68______ (start) a soil-testing program 69_________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers- and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70 _____ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank's Juergen Voegele. 3. (2018全国卷III)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I'm not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes