复旦大学考博英语试题2003

复旦大学2003年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题（秋季）

PartⅠListening Comprehension (15%) 略

PartⅡV ocabulary and Structure (10%)

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in the part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

21. She her vacation so much that she didn?t want it to end.

A. missed

B. budgeted

C. loathed

D. relished

22. They tried to keep it quiet but eventually everyone learned about the meeting.

A. intangible

B. sedate

C. impudent

D. clandestine

23. Many citizens appealed to the city government for enacting laws to protect the consumers.

A. rigorous

B. equivocal

C. stringent

D. furtive

24. People who like to were red clothes are more likely to be talkative and .

A. lucrative

B. introverted

C. vivacious

D. perilous

25. This is but a of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored.

A. faction

B. friction

C. fraction

D. fracture

26. They were tired, but not less enthusiastic that account.

A. on

B. by

C. for

D. with

27. I think it is high time we the fact that environment pollution in this area is getting more serious than before.

A. woke up to

B. must wake up to

C. wake up to

D. are waking up to

28. So was the mood of the meeting that an agreement was soon reached.

A. resentful

C. suffocating

D. gloomy

29. Rescue workers continued the delicate task of sifting through tons of concrete and to try to reach possible survivors.

A. scraps

B. leftovers

C. debris

D. residues

30. When she , she could not for a moment recognize her surroundings.

A. came to

B. came off

C. came through

D. came over

31. The shortage of water became more this summer with the highest temperatures in 40 years.

A. needy

B. latent

C. uneasy

D. acute

32. They tried to drive their horse into the river, but he simply could not.

A. budge

B. surge

C. trudge

D. dredge

33. Even the best medical treatment can not cure all the diseases that men and women.

A. beseech

B. beset

C. bewitch

D. bestow

34. The boy?s talent might have lain had it not been for his uncle?s encouragement.

A. extinguished

B. dormant

C. malignant

D. perishable

35. The two leaders made a show of unity at the press conference, though they had notably ________ messages.

A. discontinuous

B. discreet

C. discordant

D. disadvantageous

36. Jack admitted that he ought not to have made his mother angry, ?

A. oughtn?t he

B. wasn?t he

C. didn?t he

37. An old woman was badly hurt in the police describe as an apparently motiveless attack.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. whatever

38. As the city has become increasingly ___ and polluted, there has been a growing realization that certain action is urgently needed.

A. flourished

B. boosted

C. congested

D. mingled

39. The taxi in front of a girl, just in time to avoid a serious accident.

A. turned in

B. pulled up

C. cleared up

D. dropped in

40. The doctor told him to be careful when taking sleeping pills because too many could be_____.

A. lethal

B. vital

C. wholesome

D. sanitary

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40%)

Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this pall. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

(1)

For my proposed journey, the first priority was clearly to start learning Arabic. I have never been a linguist. Through I had traveled widely as a journalist, I had never managed to pick up more than a smattering of phrases in any tongue other than French, and even my French was laborious for want of lengthy practice. The prospect of tackling one of the notoriously difficult languages at the of forty, and trying to speak it well, both deterred and exited me. It was perhaps expecting a little too much of a curiously unreceptive part of myself, yet the possibility that I might gain access to a completely alien culture and tradition by this means was enormously pleasing.

I enrolled as a pupil in a small school in the center of the city. It was run by a Mr Beheit, of dapper appearance and explosive temperament, who assured me that after three months of his special treatment I would speak Arabic fluently. Whereupon he drew from his desk a postcard which an old pupil had sent him from somewhere in the Middle East, expressing great gratitude and reporting the astonishment of local Arabs that he could converse with them like a native. It was written in English. Mr. Behit himself spent most of his time coaching businessmen in French, and through the thin, partitioned walls of his school one could hear him bellowing in exasperation at some confused entrepreneur : “Non, M.Jones. Jene suis pas francais. Pas, Pas, pas!”. (No

Mr.Jones, I?m NOT French, I?m not, not, NOT!). I was gratified that my own tutor, whose name was Ahmed, was infinitely softer and less public in his approach.

For a couple of hours every morning we could face each other across a small table, while we discussed in meticulous detail the color scheme of the tiny cubicle, the events in the street below and, once a week, the hair-raising progress of a window-cleaner across the wall of the building opposite. In between, bearing in mind the particular interest I had in acquiring Arabic, I would inquire the way to some imaginary oasis, anxiously demand fodder and water for my camels, wonder politely whether the sheikh was prepared to grant me audience mow. It was all hard going.

I frequently despaired of ever becoming anything like a fluent speaker, though Ahmed assured me that my pronunciation was above average for a Westerner. This, I suspected, was partly flattery, for there are a couple Arabic sounds which not even a gift for mimicry allowed me to grasp for ages. There were, moreover, vast distinction of meaning conveyed by subtle sound shifts rarely employed in English. And for me the problem was increased by the need to assimilate a vocabulary, that would vary from place to place across five essentially Arabic-speaking countries that practiced vernaculars of their own: so that the word for “people”, for instance, might be nais, sah?ab or sooken.

Each day I was mentally exhausted by the strain of a morning in school, followed by an after struggling at home with a tape recorder. Y et there was relief in the most elementary forms of understanding and progress. When I merely got the drift of a torrent which Ahmed had just released, I was childishly elated. When I managed to roll a complete sentence off my tongue without apparently thinking what I was saying, and it came out right, I beamed like an idiot. And the enjoyment of reading and writing the flowing Arabic script was something that did not leave me once I had mastered it. By the end of June, no-one could have described me as anything like a fluent speaker of Arabic. I was approximately in the position of a fifteen-year old who, equipped with a modicum of schoolroom French, nervously awaits his first trip to Paris. But this was something I could reprove upon in my own time I bade farewell to Mr Beheit, still struggling to drive the French negative into the still confused mind of qualities epitomized by James Bond.

41. Which of the following is not characteristic of Mr Beheit?

A. He had a neat and clean appearance.

B. He was volatile and highly emotional.

C. He was very modest about his success in teaching.

D. He sometimes lost his temper and shouted loudly when teaching.

42. It is known from the passage that the writer ________.

A. had a good command of French

B. couldn?t make sounds properly when learning Arabic

C. spoke highly of Mr Beheit?s achievements in language teaching

D. didn?t like Ahmed?s style of teaching

43. It can be inferred from the passage that Ahmed was _______

A. a fast speaker

B. a boring speaker

C. a laconic speaker

D. an interesting speaker

44. The word “modicum” in the last paragraph can be replaced by

A. competence

B. excellence

C. mimicry

D. smattering

45. Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage?

A. The writer?s intend journey created particular difficulties in his learning of Arabic

B. The reading and writing of the Arabic script gave the writer lasting pleasure

C. The writer found learning Arabic was a grueling experience but rewarding

D. The writer regarded Ahmed?s praise of his pronunciation as tongue-cheek.

(2)

It is one of the world?s most recognized phrases, one you might even hear in places where little English is spoken: …The name?s Bond, James Bond.?I?ve heard it from a taxi driver in Ghana and a street sweeper in Paris, and I remember the thrill of change Sean Connery? say it in the first Bond film I saw, Goldfinger. I was a Chicago schoolgirl when it was released in 1904. the image of a candy-coloured London filled with witty people, stately old buildings and a gorgeous, ice-cool hero instilled in me a deep-rooted belief that Britain was OK.

When Ian Fleming created the man with the license to kill, based on his own experiences while working for the Britain secret in World WarⅡ, he couldn?t have imagined that his fictional Englishman would not only shake, but stir the entire world. Even world-weary actors are thrilled at being in a Bond movie. Christopher Walken, everyone?s favorite screen psycho, who played mad genius Max Zorin in 1985?s A View to a Kill, gushed: …I remember first seeing GDJ? No when I was 15. I remember Robert Shaw trying to strangle James Bond in From Russia with Love. And now here I am, trying to kill James Bond myself.?

Bond is the complete entertainment package: he has hot-and cold-running women on tap, dastardly villains bent on complete world domination, and America always plays second string to cool, sophisticated Britain. Bond?s England only really existed in the adventures of Bulldog Drummond, the wartime speeches of Winston Churchill and the songs of Dame V era Lynn.

When Fleming started to write his spy stories, the world knew that, while Britain was victorious in the war against Hitler, it was depleted as a result. London was bombed out, a dark and grubby place, while America was now the only place to be.

It was America that was producing such universal icons as Gary Cooper?s cowboy in High Noon (…A man?s got to do what a man?s got to do?); the one-man music revolution that was Elvis Presley; Marilyn Monroe, the walking, talking male fantasy married to Joe DiMaggio, then the most famous athlete in the world. Against this reality, Fleming had the nerve and arrogance to say that, while hot dogs and popcorn were fine, other things were more important.

And those things were uniquely British: quiet competence, unsentimental ruthlessness, clear-eyed, steely determination, an ironic sense of hum our and doing a job well. All qualities epitomized by James Bond.

Of course, Bond was always more fairytale than fact, but what else is a film for? No expense is spared in production, the lead is suave and handsome, and the hardware is always awesome. In the latest film, the gadgets include a surfboard with concealed weapons, a combat knife with global positioning system all the optional extras you?ve come to expect, a personal jet glider… the list is endless.

There are those who are disgusted by the Bond film s?unbridled glorification of the evils of sexism, racism, ageism, and extreme violence, but it?s never that simple.

46. According to the passage each production of a Bond film is

A. lavish

B. sparing

C. increasing expensive to make

D. difficult to finance

47. Which of the following is not typical of James Bond?

A. He performed his work calmly and efficiently.

B. he had an iron will.

C. He was unemotional.

D. He had a tendency to boast.

48. It is known from the passage that post-war Britain as

A. anarchic and dangerous

B. exhausted and filthy

C. chaotic and violent

D. mysterious and thrilling

49. Judging by the context, the word “stately” in the first paragraph means _________

A. shabby

B. makeshift

C. impressive

D. dilapidated

50. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. When Ian Fleming created James Bond, he believed that his fictional Englishman would shake the entire world.

B. In the Bond films, English is always portrayed as stylish, elegant and classy.

C. Ian Fleming began to write his spy stories before world war Ⅱ.

D. James Bond seldom epitomized Britshness.

(3)

The current political debate over family values, personal responsibility, and welfare takes for granted the entrenched American belief that dependence on government assistance is a recent and destructive phenomenon. Conservative tend to blame this dependence on personal irresponsibility aggravated by a swollen welfare apparatus that saps individual initiative. Liberals are more likely to blame it on personal misfortune magnified by the harsh lot that falls to losers in our competitive market economy. But both sides believe that “winners”in America make it on their own that dependence reflects some kind of individual or family failure, and that the ideal family for its children, and never asks for handouts. Politicians at both ends of the ideological spectrum have wrapped themselves in the mantle of these “family values,” arguing over why the poor have not been able to make do without assistance, or whether aid has exacerbated their situation, but never questioning the assumption that American families traditionally achieve success by establishing their independence from the government.

The myth of family self-reliance is so compelling that our actual national and personal histories often buckle under its emotional weight. “We always stood on our own two feet,” my grandfather used to say about his pioneer heritage, whenever he walked me to the top of the hill to survey the property in Washington State that his family had bought for next to nothing after it had been logged off in: he early 1900s. Perhaps he didn?t know that the land came so cheap because much of it was part of a federal subsidy originally allotted to the railroad companies, which had received 183 million acres of the public domain in the nineteenth century. These federal giveaways were the original source of most major western logging companies?land, and when some of these logging companies moved on to virgin stands of timber, federal lands trickled down to a few early settlers who were able to purchase them inexpensively.

Like my grandparents, few families in American history- whatever their “values”-have been able to rely solely on their own resources. Instead, they have depended on the legislative, judicial and social-support structures set up by governing authorities, whether those authorities were the clan elders of Native American societies, the church courts and city officials of colonial American, or the judicial and legislative bodies established by the Constitution.

At America?s inception, this was considered not a dirty little secret but the orm, one that confirmed our social and personal interdependence. The idea that the family should have the sole or even primary responsibility for educating and socializing its members, finding them suitable work, or keeping them from poverty and crime was not only ludicrous to colonial and revolutionary thinkers but dangerous parochial.

51. Conservatives believe that welfare services have played a certain role in _________

A. heightening individual or family dependence on government assistance

B. reducing individual or family dependence on government assistance

C. magnifying individual initiative in fighting off dependence on government assistance

D. causing political debate over personal responsibilities

52. It can be concluded that the writer?s grandfather?s family purchased their land_______.

A. expensively

B. from the railroad company

C. with the help of governing authorities

D. with no help of governing authorities

53. It can be inferred from the passage that in early America _______.

A. people competed with each other fiercely for land

B. many people worked for the railroad companies

C. quite a few families made it on their own

D. social and personal interdependence was indispensable to Americans.

54. The word “parochial ” in the last paragraph means________.

A. nimble

B. absurd

C. insular

D. liberal

55. The writer?s attitude toward the idea of American family values is ________.

A. critical

B. objective

C. indifferent

D. casual

(4)

One of the most authoritative voices speaking to us today is, of course, the voice of the advertisers. Its strident clamour dominates our lives. It shouts at us from the television screen and the radio loudspeakers; waves to us from every page of the newspaper; plucks at our sleeves on the escalator; signals to us from the roadside billboards all day and flashes messages to us in coloured lights all night. It has forced on us a whole new conception of the successful man as a man no less than 20% whose mail consists of announcements of giant carpet sales.

Advertising has been among England?s biggest growth industries since the war, in terms of the ratio of money earnings to demonstrable achievement. Why all this fantastic expenditure? Perhaps the answer is that advertising saves the manufactures from having to think about the customer. At the stage of designing and developing a product, there is quite enough to think about without worrying over whether anybody will want to buy it. The designer is busy enough without adding customer-appeal to all his other problems of man-hours and machine tolerance and stress factors. So they just go ahead and make the thing and leave it to the advertiser to find eleven ways of making it appeal to purchasers after they have finished it, by pretending that it confers status, or attracts love, or signifies manliness, if the advertising agency can to this authoritatively enough, the manufacture is in clover.

Other manufacture find advertising saves them changing their product. And manufacturers hate change. The ideal product is one which goes on unchanged for ever. If, therefore, for one reason or another, some alteration seems called for- how much better to change the image, the packet or tile

pitch made by the product, rather than go to all the inconvenience of changing the product itself. The advertising man has to combine the qualities of the three most authoritative professions: Church, Bar, and Medicine. The great skill required of our priests, most highly developed in missionaries but present, indeed mandatory, in all, is the kill of getting people to believe in and contribute money to something which can never be logically proved. At the Bar, an essential ability is that of presenting the most persuasive case you can to a jury of ordinary people, with emotional appeals masquerading as logical exposition; a case you do not necessarily have to believe in yourself, just one you have studiously avoided discovering to be false. As for medicine, any doctor will confirm that a large part of his job is not clinical treatment but healing. His apparently scientific approach enables his patients believe that he knows exactly what is wrong with them and exactly what they need to put them right, just as advertising does-“Run down? Y ou need ….”“No one will dance with you?” A dab of **** will make you popular.”

Advertising men use statistics rather like a drunk uses a lamp-post-for support rather than illumination. They will dress anyone up in a white coat to appear like an unimpeachable authority or, failing that, they will even be happy with the announcement, “As used by 90% of the actors who play doctors on television.” Their engaging quality is that they enjoy having their latest rusers uncovered almost as much as anyone else.

56. It can be concluded from the passage that modern advertising is authoritative because of the way it ___________.

A. interferes with the privacy of our home life

B. influence our image of the kind of person we ought to be like

C. continually forces into buying things we don?t want

D. distracts us wherever we go

57. According to the passage, the advertising man must have the ability to ___________.

A. exploit customers? fears

B. understand customers? psychology

C. disguise himself or herself successfully

D. win customers? confidence

58. the word “unimpeachable” in the last paragraph can be replaced by _____________.

A. reliable

B. indisputable

C. supreme

D. recognized

59. the following statements are TURE expect __________.

A. advertising men dress people up in white coats because it makes their advertisement more convincing

B. Some manufactures would rather change their product?s appeal than change the product itself.

C. Doctors are most successful when they are both emotional and scientific.

D. if advertising agency does advertising authoritatively enough, the manufacturer will surely become prosperous.

60. It can be inferred from the passage that advertisers? attitude is usually based on the hope that customers________.

A. know deep down what they really want

B. are interested in what is being designed

C. are indifferent to what is being advertised

D. are uncritical and impressionable

Paper Two

Part Ⅳ Cloze(10%)

Direction: Fill in each of the following blanks with ONE word to complete the meaning of the passage. Write your answer on Answer Sheet Ⅱ

A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identically the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat fairy stories as sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it 61 of a book, and, if a parent can produce 62 , in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child, is an improvement on the text, so much the better.

A charge made against fairy tales is that harm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic impulses. To prove the 63 , one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were often guilty of cruelty than those who had not. Aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses every child has and, 64 the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge seems to be Father a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are, I think, well-authenticated cased of children 65 dangerous terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear 66 the pleasure of a faced and mastered.

There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds 67 they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc., do not exists; and that, instead of indulging his fantasies 68 fairy tales, the child should be taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such people, I must confess, so unsympathetic and peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case 69 sound, the world should be full of madmen attempting to fly from New Y ork to Philadelphia on a broomstick 70 covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted girl-friend. No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external world and no sane child has ever believed that it was. Part Ⅴ Translation(10%)

Directions: Put following passage into English. Write your English version on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.

根据“十五”期间的形势和任务，“十五”计划《纲要》提出今后五年经济和社会发展的主要目标是：国民经济保持较快发展速度，经济结构战略性调整取得明显成效，经济增长质量和效益显著提高，为到2010年国内生产总值比2000年翻一番奠定坚实基础：国有企业建立现代企业制度取得重大进展，社会保障制度比较健全，社会主义市场经济体制逐步完善，对外开放和国际合作进一步开展；就业渠道拓宽，城乡居民收入持续增加，物质文化生活有较大改善，生态建设和环境保护得到加强；科技、教育加快发展，国民素质进一步提高，法制建设取得明显进展。

Part ⅥWriting （15%）

Direction：Write a composition of about 180 words on the following topic. Y our composition should be written on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.

The V alues of Failure

复旦大学考博英语试题2003

复旦大学2003年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题（秋季） PartⅠListening Comprehension (15%) 略 PartⅡV ocabulary and Structure (10%) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in the part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21. She her vacation so much that she didn?t want it to end. A. missed B. budgeted C. loathed D. relished 22. They tried to keep it quiet but eventually everyone learned about the meeting. A. intangible B. sedate C. impudent D. clandestine 23. Many citizens appealed to the city government for enacting laws to protect the consumers. A. rigorous B. equivocal C. stringent D. furtive 24. People who like to were red clothes are more likely to be talkative and . A. lucrative B. introverted C. vivacious D. perilous 25. This is but a of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. A. faction B. friction C. fraction D. fracture 26. They were tired, but not less enthusiastic that account. A. on B. by C. for D. with 27. I think it is high time we the fact that environment pollution in this area is getting more serious than before. A. woke up to B. must wake up to C. wake up to D. are waking up to 28. So was the mood of the meeting that an agreement was soon reached. A. resentful

中南大学2010级博士生英语考试试卷

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(完整版)复旦大学2015年考博英语试题回忆版整理

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