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情态动词详解及相关高考练习题

情态动词

概述：情态动词顾名思义表示情感和态度的动词，比如must可以表示一种不理解“非要”、“偏要”，或者“一定要”、“必须得”等；will可以表示一种“意愿”、“请求”；should可以表示“建议”；shall可以表示“允诺”；can可以表示“许可”；may可以表示“请求”。另外大部分情态动词还可以表示一种推测和可能。但是情态动词不能单独作谓语，后面必须跟动词原形。

一、must

(一)、must/ have to

Must着重表示说话人主观上的看法，有很强的个人色彩。Have to 则着重表示客观上的“必须”，如其他人、法律、自然规律、政府要求的事。

1. I must be off.

2. Mrs. Cherrell and I have to go to a meeting now.

3. We have to pay our taxes to the government.

(二)、must not/ do not have to/ needn’t

作“必须”解的must, 其否定形式must not (mustn?t), 并不是“不必要”的意思，而是“不许”（表示绝对禁止）的意思。当表示“不必要”的意思时，只能使用do not have to/ needn?t。

1. You mustn?t park here. (You are not allowed to park here.) 你不许在这儿停车。

2. You mustn?t go swimming today. 你不许去游泳

3. He doesn?t have to go there. 他没有必要去那儿。

4. So you needn?t hurry with your meeting. 你不必着急去参加会议。

（三）、must have done / must be

对现在的情况的推测或估计时，要使用must be或must be doing, 而对过去的情况或完成的状态进行推测或估计时，则使用must have been(done)

1. She must be over seventy now.

2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant! She might have called for help.

(四)、must have done / may(might) have done

May+完成式与must+完成式所表达的意思是不同的。前者表示从现在看来过去可能发生过某事，而后者表示“逻辑上的必然性”，即说话人推断过去肯定发生过某事。

1. He may have cone by train.

2. He must have cone by taxi.

3. You may have read about it in the papers.

(五)、must have done / can’t have done

当must表示“肯定”或“很可能”时，must have+过去分词表示“肯定已经----”。否定式是can?t+动词原形（推断现在）和can?t have+过去分词（推断过去）。

1. They must have got lost.

2. They can?t have got lost.

(六)、关于must的注意点

1. must 还有表示“偏要”，“非得”的意思，在考试中也出现。

2. must表义务或许可，后跟动词原形，可用于肯定句和疑问句。

3. must 表推测，暗含很大的可能性，只用于肯定句

4. 在否定句中表示“不许”时，多用must not或can not, 少用may not.

试题：

1. Johnny, you play with the knife, you hurt youself.

A. won?t; can?t

B. mustn?t; may

C. shouldn?t; must

D. can?t; shouldn?t

2. “May I stop work a little earlier tonight?” “No, you .”

A. needn?t

B. mustn?t

C. won?t

D. shouldn?t

3. “Must we do it now?”“No, you .”

A. won?t

B. needn?t

C. can?t

D. don?t

4. “ Must we take a bus?””No, you . You can walk from here.”

A. must not

B. don?t must

C. don?t have to

D. had better not to

5. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he your lecture.

A. couldn?t have attended

B. needn?t have attended

C. mustn?t have attended

D.shouldn?t have attended

6. I was really anxious about you. You home without a word.

A. mustn?t leave

B. shouldn?t have left

C. couldn?t have left

D. needn?t leave

7. ------ Is John coming by train?

------ He should, but he not. He likes driving his car.

A. must

B. can

C. need

D. may

8. There was a lot of fun at yesterday?s party. You come, but why didn?t you?

A. must have

B.should

C. need have

D. ought to have

二、will

（一）、will表习惯、重复

情态动词will有一个很重要的用法，就是表示习惯性、重复性或典型性的动作。一般现在时也表达习惯性、重复性的动作，但是，使用一般现在时在于强调“描述性”，而是是使用will+动词原形则在于强调“预断性”：动作如此经常发生，如此具有习惯性或重复性，以至我们可以预断它肯定会继续发生。（二）、will表规律

当表示某些根据自然规律必定会发生的事情时，常常使用will.当然也可以用一般现在时来代替它。在这点上它们是同义的。

A. If the pure water is heated to 1000C , it will boil (boils).

（三）、will 表推测

表示说话人对推测或估计的确信程度最大的是must, 其次是will。下面是英语中表示推测的情态动词，其确信程度由左向右递增：might, may, chould, can, should, ought to, would, will, must

1. There is a ring at the door. That will be the postman, I suppose.

2. That?ll be my husband. He said he would phone at this time.

(四)、will have done

例句中的will不是用于构成时态的助动词，而是情态动词，它在这里表示推测。与have done连用，表示对业已完成的动作的推测：与be doing连用表示对正在进行的动作的推测。

1. They will have arrived home by now. 这时他们可能已经到家了。

2. We worked together for a year. He won?t have forgetten me.

我们在一起工作过一年，他大概不会不记得我。

（五）、wo n’t

表示“愿意”的will 及其否定形式通常用于有生命体。但是，有时候也可以用于无生命体。这种用法是把无生命体拟人化了。

1. This shirt won?t iron.

2. The door won?t open.

3. This watch won?t work. (I can?t make this watch work.)

(六)、will 祈使句之后的附加疑问句

A. 在肯定的祈使句之后，通常使用will you? can you?此外，还可用would you?

could you?

1. Bring the fruit up to the dining room, will you?

2. Teacher: Get out your books, will/ would/ can/ could you?

B. 在肯定的祈使句之后，也可以使用won?t you? can?t you?

1. Doctor: Keep still, won?t/ can?t you?

2. Have a chocolate, will/ won?t you?

C. 在否定的祈使句之后，只能使用will you? can you?

1. Don?t forget your key, will you?

2. Don?t make a noise, will you/ can you?

三、would

(一)、常见用法

A 表示过去习惯动作

One day a week he would spend the whole day in silence.

B. would用于if的条件状语从句，也表示意愿

If you would stand by me I should have another try.

如果你肯支持我，我就再试一次。

C. would 有一个很常见的用法：表示“猜测”、“猜想”，可以译为“可能”，“也

许”、“大概”、

“想必”。Would接动词原形，表示对目前情景的猜测。Would 接完成式，表示对过去发生的事情的猜测，并没有“委婉、客气”的意思。

“Who is the man you want to speak to?”“You wouldn?t know him.”大概不认识

I thought you would have finished this by now.

D. would 用于wish后的从句中。如：

I wish the rain would stop for moment. 我希望雨停一会儿。

E. will和would都可表示请求，指将来，用于疑问句，但用would，则语气更客

气。如：

Would you mind closing the door?

(二)、虚拟语气中的would/ might/ could/ should

中国学生在学习英语虚拟语气时有一个误区：认为would是“也许”、“可能”

的意思。其实，would在这里是表示“肯定”意思的：说话人认为，如果if从句所表达的虚拟条件实现的话，则主句所表达的结果必定实现。而might仅仅表示“可能”，could表示“能力”或“可能”。Should在英国英语中用于第一人称，而在美国英语中第一人称也用would.

If you tried again you would succeed. 如果再试一次的话，你一定成功。

If you tried again you might succeed. 如果你再试一次的话，你有可能成功。

If I knew her address,I could write to him. 如果我知道地址的话，我就可以给她写信了。

(三)、would/ used to

Would只能用于表示过去习惯动作，而不能用于表示过去的状态，而used to 却可用于两种情况，would常和often, sometimes, always, for hours, of a day连用。Used to和would之不同在于used to有现在已无此习惯的含义，并可表一次性的动作。Used to和would同义，表示过去经常重复的动作；在表示过去的习惯时，used to用于较规则的习惯。

1. He would sit here for hours sometimes, doing nothing at all.

2. I do not swim so often as I used to. (此处不能用would)

注意：used to不能跟表确定时间段的状语连用。

He used to live here for twenty years. (错)

四、ought to

(一)、ought to与should

Should和ought to在表示“义务”、“职责”、“推论”时具有相同的含义，但should比ought to更为常用。Ought to表示主语的义务或责任，但与must不同，它不涉及说话人的权威，也于have to不同，它不涉及外界权威。说话人仅仅提醒主语注意其义务或提出劝告，或者指出一个正确或明智的行为。Ought to+完成时一般可表达两种完全不同的含义。

A. 表示“本应该做，而实际没有做某事”，相当于should+完成时

B. 表示推论或推测某事已经发生，含有说话人不能肯定其说法是正确的含义

Ought to 应该必须，比should语气强。Needn?t表示某一动作不必要做；oughtn?t to表示某一动作是错误的，与shouldn?t类似，语气更强。Ought to+动词原形，表示现在或将来的动作；ought to+have done是虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，这一形式和should hae done相同。Ought to着重表示客观要求，含有法律上或道义上的责任。Should往往表示说话者的主观意见，表示一种必要性。

1. Henry ought to be here soon ----- he left home at six.

2. “I? ll start the work tomorrow.” ----- “I think you should start at once.”

(二)、ought to have done/ must have done

Must have done与ought to have done都是推测“已经做-----”，但是说话人对陈述的肯定性程度却有很大区别。Must have done表明说话人对自己所描述事件确信无疑，也就是说，说话人完全肯定其说法的正确性。而ought to have done 则表明说话人对自己所描述的事仅仅是个猜测而已，也就是说，说话人并不能完全肯定其说法的正确性。

Ought to have done 往往表示“本应该做某事但实际上并没有做”，有时含有批评、责备之意，而ought not to have done则表示“本不应该做某事但实际上却做了”，即指“某人做了错事、傻事或蠢事”，因而往往含有批评、责备之意。

五、should

(一)、should/ must/ ought

三者均表义务，但must最强烈。而should和ought to则是“应当”的意思，当should和ought to作“应当”讲时，含义相似，常可互换。但ought to更多反映客观情况，表示根据法律、义务“应当”，比should语气强；should表示主观看法，一种建议、劝说。

1. You should come earlier tomorrow.

2. You must do it at once.

3. You ought to help him; he is in trouble.

（二）、虚拟语气中的should/ 虚拟语气中的would

虚拟语气中的would表示“肯定”或“必然”的结果，而should表示“应该”“应当”的含义。还可以使用could,表示“能力、允许、可能”或使用might 表示“可能性”。

If you loved me, you wouldn?t say that.

(三)、should的含义

1. 在疑问句中

Should与疑问词（why, how等）连用有时含有“惊奇、意外”等含义，如例1。但是不能认为should凡是与疑问词连用便具有“惊奇、意外”等含义。例2中should就没有此意思，而仅是表“应该”、“应当”，相当于ought to。

2. 在陈述句中

A. 道义上或责任上的“应该”，如例3。

B. 表示估计或推测，如例4。

C. 还可表示“竟然”的意思。

1. “Give me that photo.”“Why should I ?”为什么是要给你？

2. The housekeeper considered how she should answer.

3. You should brush your teeth before you go to bed.

4. So far as I know you shouldn?t have any problems there. 不可能有麻烦。

5. You can?t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman be so rude to a

lady.(2001, 上海) A. might B. need C. should D. would

六、Can

（一）can与may 表许可

通常用can询问是否许可，而may是个较正式的词。区别是may用于正式语体，而can用于非正式语体，尤其是口语中。

（二）can意为“能，可能，可以”，表示一种能力，也表示可能性，有时还可表示许可；may意为“可能，也许，可以”，它不表示能力，常用来表示可能性或许可。

（三）can be / can’t be 表示可能性和推测

can be也可表示现在或将来的“可能性”，如例1、2。must表“推测”、“估计”意义时表示说话人对自己的“推测或估计”深信不疑，一般译为“一定---”。同样，它的否定式can?t也表示说话人对自己的“推测或估计”深信不疑, 一般译为“一定不---”。

1. Noise can be quite a problem when you?re living in a flat.

2. So data of this kind can be valuable.

3. You can?t be serious. = You must be joking.

4. They can?t be teling lies.

（三）can have done 表示从现在的眼光看“过去可能发生了谋事”，而且其结果与现在有关。Can have done大都用在否定和疑问句中。

Where can he have gone?

She?s two hours late------what can have happened?

（四）can not(can’t) have done/ could not have done

can not(can?t) have done和could not have done都可以表示以现在的眼光看“过去不可能发生的事”，但是could not have done还可以从过去的某个时间点看“以前不可能发生的事”。还要注意could not have done，有其对应的肯定式，即could have done；而can not(can?t) have done却没有其相对应的肯定式，也就是说can+完成体只能用在否定句和疑问句中。

（五）cannot (couldn’t) help but do 不得不

cannot (couldn?t) help doing 禁不住做谋事

When a friend gave Jim a ticket to the game, he couldn?t help but go.

She cannot help smiling.

(六) cannot（never）--- too ---

这个结构并不是表示“不可能太---”，而是表示“无论怎样---也不过分”、“越---越好”。

We cannot work too much for the people. 为人民服务越多越好。

A man can never have too many ties. 男人有再多的领带也不算多。

(七) won’t / can’t

Will可用作助动词表示“将来”，亦可用作情态动词表“愿意”或“决心”，can?t 可以表示“不能够”。

I won?t do it any more. I promise you.

Will you stay for lunch? ------ Sorry, I can?t. My brother is coming to see me.

(八) cannot (can’t) / must not (mustn’t)

Can既可以表示“能力”或“可能”，也可以表示“被允许”；cann?t表示“不可以，不允许”，或者表推测“不可能---”

Mustn?t 的意思是“不准”、“不允许”。表推测只有肯定形式。

七、could

（一）、表示过去的能力

1. Nicola could play chess when he was six.

2. I could run two miles without stopping when I was younger.

(二)、表示现在或将来的“能力”、“可能性”、“被允许”

A. 指现在或将来的能力

Could you ren the business by yourself?

B. 指现在或将来的“可能性”

1. It could be very interesting to watch an Arab and an Englishman talking together.

2. I could do it now if you like.

3. She could be famous one day

C. 指现在或将来的“允许”

1. I wonder if I could use your phone.

2. Permission is granted. We could go next week.

注意：由于could比can更加具有试探性和不肯定性，所以在表示请求和建议时常常有could代替can, 显得更加有礼貌。

Could I possibly borrow your car?

(三)、could/ was able to

当be able to用作一般过去时时，则常常不是单纯地表示过去的“能力”或“可能性”，而是把“能力”和“成功（完成）”这两层意思结合起来，而且强调的往往是后者。因此，was/ were abel to 和could在意义上是有区别的。例1只是说“我曾经有能力通过考试”。而不是说“我成功地通过了考试”。另一方面，I was able to pass the examination(相当于I succeeded in passing the examination), 则表示确实通过了考试

1. I could pass the examination.

2. I was able to solve the problem quickly.

（四）、could/ can

Can, could表能够和可能时，can表真实，could表非真实。Can, could表允许、怀疑和不大可能，只是could语气较为委婉，含义更不确定。

Could/might—常表示自己谦虚、尊敬别人，因此发问时比can/ may 更常用。

但是，回答别人时便不能用could/ might,而要用can/ may.

1. He can speak English. (表能够)

2. You could get the book from the library if necessary. (非真实)

3. Can I use your pen? (表允许)

4. Could I use your pen? (较为委婉)

5. ---- Could I borrow your dictionary? ---- Yes, of course you can.

(五)、could you / would you

在提出请求时，could you/ would you都是很客气的说法，因此都可以使用。

人们认为would you/ could you更客气一些。

1. Could you open the door?

2. Would you lend me some money?

( 六)、could have done 用于虚拟语气

A. 表示某事在过去本有可能发生，但事实上并未发生。在这一基本含义下，

可用于表示埋怨或训斥（某事在过去有可能发生，但说话人确切知道该事并未发生）

1. You needn?t have cooked it. We could have eaten it raw.

2. I could have lent you the money. Why didn?t you ask me?

B. 表示对过去可能发生的事情的一种推测。（说话人推测某事在过去有可能

发生，至于该事是否真的发生，说话人并不确切知道，说话人仅是对过去事件的一种推测，一种估计）。

1. “The money has disappeared! Who would have taken it?”“Tom could have

(taken it), he was here alone yesterday.”

2. The letter could have got lost in the post.

由于这个结构能表示两种不同的含义，所以有些句子，脱离上下文，可能会产生歧异。如：He could have sent a message. 他可能送了个信儿来（说话人并不知道他事实上是否送来了信儿）。他本可以送个信儿来的（说话人确切知道他并没有送信来）

（七）、could 的常见翻译误区

1. I couldn?t agree more. 我再同意不过（我完全同意）。

2. We couldn't have had worse news. 我们不可能有更坏的消息了。

八、may

(一) may/ might/ could/ can

四者都可用来提出请求、要求、许可，比起may和can, might 和could在表示

提出请求时更尊重对方，心里更没底，更带有试探性。这时might和could不表示过去时态。表示“给出许可”，一般用may或can, 而不用might或could.

1. A: May I go now ? B: Yes, of course.

2. Might I call your by your first name?

3. ------ Could I use your phone? ------ Yes, of course you can.

(二)、may/ might + v.和may/ might + have + done

May/ might+动词原形仅表示对现在或将来的猜测；may/ might + have + done表示对过去发生的行为的推测，含有也许的意思，其中，might对推测的把握比may 更小一些，might have done还可表示“过去本应发生某事，但说话者确实知道该事并未发生”，因而有时含有批评、责备的意思，即虚拟语气中。

He might have given you more help, even though he was very busy.

他本可以给你更多帮助的，尽管他当时很忙。

（三）、may与can表示“可能”的区别

A. 在肯定句中，may表示实际的、马上能应验的可能性；can表示理论上的、按

常情推断的、抽象的可能性。

I may fly to Amesterdan next week.

One can travel to Holland by boat, by hovercraft, or by air.

B. 在否定句中，may not也许不（推断时不太有把握）can not不可能（推断时很

有把握）。

She may not be at home. = It is possible that she is not at home.

She can?t be at home. = It is not possible that she is at home.

C. 在疑问句中，may表示可能性时不用于疑问句，要用别的词替代。

May I rain tonight? (错)

Can it possibly rain tonight? (对)

Is it likely to rain tonight? （对）

（四）、may / might

Might 从构成看是may的过去时形式，可表示过去时间。但是，might 的最常用法是作may的替换词，既可表示现在时间，也表示将来时间，但是，在现代英语中，这种区别日趋消失。如：You may be wrong.和You might be wrong.

之间只有很少或者根本没有区别。

（五）、may well / may as well

May(might) as well与may (might) well 的含义是完全不同的。

May(might)well 确实可以用来表示可能性。但是，may (might) as well则是表示非常强烈的意愿的一种方式，其含义相当于had better, 但比后者弱得多，常常表示“勉强”、“无奈”。一般为“最好”、“不妨”等。

1. Friendship is a vase, which, if is cracked by accident, may as well be broken at

once.

友谊好比花瓶，偶然发生裂痕，还是立刻中断地好。

2. It may well be true. 这很可能是真实的。

（六）May I ---? / Shall I ---?

前者表示说话人有某种意图，请求对方同意自己的意图。后者则用于询问人是否要求自己去做某事，即用于询问听话人的意愿。

1. May I come in ?

2. Shall I come in?

(七) may not / can’t / mustn’t

May not有两种用法和含义。May作“允许”解的情况下，not是否定情态动词may本身的。May not = 不允许、不可以。May作“可能”、“也许”解的情况下，not 所否定的是其后的实义动词。May not = 可能不（也许不）。千万不要理解为“不可能”。但是，may not + 完成式，may not 只能作“可能不”解。

回答含may的疑问句通常有两种形式：may not 和mustn?t, 只是后者比前者的否定语气更重。

1. Dogs may not be taken into these carriages.

2. Professor Martin?s report suggests that it may not be good for children to change

schools too often.

3. You can?t be serious.

4. “ May I smoke here?”“No, you mustn?t.”

(八)、对may I ---?这类问句作回答

肯定回答除了用Yes, you may之外，还有更温和的回答方式：Yes, please.

在作否定回答时，除了No, you may not. No, you mustn?t.之外，还有更有礼貌的回答:方式：I am sorry. I?d rather you didn?t. I am afraid not. You?d better not. 用No, you may not 或No, you mustn?t这种口气比较强硬，所以常常用温和的、比较有礼貌的表达方式来替代。

九、shall

( 一)、shall/ will

Shall与will都表示将要，按照英国英语传统用法，第一人称（I, we）用shall 构成一般将来时，其他人称则用will构成一般将来时。但是，在美国英语中，will用于构成所有人称的一般将来时。

（二）、shall I / may I

疑问句shall I 主要用于向对方提出建议或征求对方的同意；而may I 仅表示恭敬、客气地请求别人允许或答复。

1. Shall I open the window for you?

2. May I borrow your umbrella (please)?

(三)、shall表意志、意愿、承诺等

在陈诉句中，shall用于第二、三人称时通常表示说话人的意志、意愿、承诺、指示或命令，如例1，shall还用于表示必须遵守法律、规章的规定。后一种用法的shall相当于must, is (are) to, 如例2

1. You shall have a car for your birthday.

2. Each competitor shall wear a number.

十、need

(一) need doing / need to be done

(1) That door needs painting.

(2) That door needs to be painted.

注：在 need之后充当宾语的动名词形式具有被动意义。其次还要懂得，在 need 之后也可以用动词不定式的被动式来作宾语，两种结构的意义是相同的。

（二）need do / need to do

(1) Need I type this letter again?

(2) So you needn?t hurry with your meeting.

(3)You didn?t need to tell him; it just upset him.

注：need即可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，它就像can, may, will一样，没有词尾变化（第三人称不加-s）, 后面跟不带to的动词不定式，构成否定句和疑问句时不借助于动词do,而采用need not(needn?t)的形式。还有一点必须记住，就是它只能用于否定句和疑问句，一般不用于肯定句。need 用作实义动词时，后面要跟带to的动词不定式，构成否定句和疑问句时，要借助于助动词do。这种用法的need既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句和疑问句。

1. To succeed in scientific research project, .

A. one needs to be persistent

B. persistence is needed

C. one needs be a persistent person

D. persistence is what one needs

2. You to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.

A. needn?t to come

B. don?t need come

C. don?t need coming C. needn?t come

3. I want to go to see a doctor but you with me.

A. needn?t go

B. don?t need to go

C. don?t have to go

D. all of above （三）didn’t need / needn’t have done

1. I didn?t need to take my overcoat. 我不必去取我的外套。

2. I needn?t have taken my overcoat. 我本来不必去取我的外套的。

注：例1表达在当时没有必要做某事，不含有与现实相反的含义。而例2表示过去做过的事现在看来是没有必要的，因此具有与现实相反的含义。

I to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.

A. need have written

B. needn?t have written

C. must have written

D. may have written

十一、dare

（一）、与need一样，dare即可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，它只有一种形式，后跟不带to的不定式，主要用于否定句和疑问句，而且在构成疑问句和否定句时，也不借助do.如：

Mr. Holmes, I dare not sleep in that room again.

福尔摩斯先生，我再也不敢在那个房间睡觉了

How dare you say such a thing? 你怎么敢说这样的话呢？

Now I joke and say to everyone that I dare tell my manager exactly what I think of him. 现在我常常对大家开玩笑说，我敢于把对经理的看法如实地对他说。

（二）、用作实义动词时，它有动词的全部形式，即现在时单数第三人称dares,现在分词daring,以及过去式dared,后跟to不定式，可以用于一切句式。如：

He dares to behave like that in my house. 他竟敢在我家里这样放肆。

He does not dare to fight. 他不敢打架。

I have never dared to disturb you. 我从来不敢打扰你。

注意：作为情态动词的dare如同其他情态动词can, may, will, shall一样也有过去形式，即：dared. 如：

She dared not answer. 她不敢回答。

He his parents about his failure in the exam.

A. dares not tell

B. dare not tell

C. dares not to tell

D. dare not telling

高考真题：

1. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There be twelve. （09年全国卷，25题）

A. would

B. should

C. will

D. shall

2. One of the few things you say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about weather. (09年北京卷，25题)

A. need

B. must

C. should

D. can

3. It have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. (09年上海卷，27题)

A. may

B. can

C. must

D. should

4. This printer is of good quality. If it break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. (09年天津卷，15题)

A. would

B. should

C. could

D. might

5. ------ Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?

------ She in the classroom. I saw her just now. （09年重庆卷32题）

A. shall be

B. should have been

C. must be

D. might have been

6. When he the door, he found his keys were nowhere. (09年湖南卷23题)

A. would open

B. opened

C. had opened

D. was to open

7. I can?t leave. She told me that I stay here until she comes back.

(09年全国卷二20题)

A. can

B. must

C. will

D. may

8. ------ I don?t care what people think.

------ Well, you . （09年四川卷13题）

A. could

B. would

C. should

D. might

9. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently. (09年江

苏卷28题)

A. could express

B. would express

C. could have expressed

D. must have expressed

10. The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal. (09年浙

江卷13题)

A. wouldn?t

B. couldn?t

C. needn?t

D. should

11. Some people who don?t like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they just be quiet people. (09年安徽卷29题)

A. must

B. may

C. should

D. would

12. But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition. ( 09年福建卷35题)

A. would not win

B. would not have won

C. would win

D. would have won

13. The traffic is heavy these days. I arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?

(09年辽宁卷29题)

A. can

B. must

C. need

D. might

14. Liza well not want to go on the trip ----- she hates traveling. （08年全国卷17

题）

A. will

B. can

C. must

D. may

15. John promised his doctor he not smoke, and he has never smoked ever since.

(08年北京卷21题)

A. might

B. should

C. could

D. would

16. She have left school, for her bike is still here. (08年天津卷6题)

A. can?t

B. wouldn?t

C. shouldn?t

D. needn?t

17. According to the air traffic rules, you switch off your mobil phone before boarding.

(08年上海卷29题)

A. may

B. can

C. would

D. should

18. ---- I can?t find my purse anywhere.

---- You have lost it while shopping. (08年重庆卷30题)

A. may

B. can

C. should

D. would

19. Although this sound like a simple task, great care is need. (08年四川卷10

题)

A. must

B. may

C. shall

D. should

20. Peter be really difficult at times even though he?s a nice person in general.

(08年辽宁卷22题)

A. shall

B. should

C. can

D. must

21. You be hungry already ----- you had lunch only two hours ago.

(08年浙江卷11题)

A. wouldn?t

B. can?t

C. mustn?t

D. needn?t

22. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes.

(08年福建卷24题)

A. must

B. can

C. should

D. would

23. ----- What sort of house fo you want to have ?

----- Well, it be big ---- that?s not important. (08年陕西卷9题)

A. mustn?t

B. needn?t

C. can?t

D. won?t

24. You don? t have to know the name of the author to find a book. You find the

book by the title. (08年湖南卷28题)

A. must

B. need

C. can

D. would

25. What a pity ! Considering his ability and experiece, he better. (08年江西卷

26题)

A. need have done

B. must have done

C. can have done

D. might have

done

26. -----I?m sorry. I at you the other day.

-----Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. (08年江苏卷35题)

A. shouldn?t shout

B. shouldn?t have shouted

C. mustn?t

D. mustn?t have shouted

27. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don?t think we it without you.

(08年山东卷24题)

A. can managed

B. could have managed

C. could manage

D. can have

managed

28. ------ How?s your tour around the North Lake?

------ It be, but it is now heavily polluted. (07年全国卷27题)

A. will

B. would

C. should

D. must

29. ----- Tom, you didn?t come to the party last night?

----- I , but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. (07年全国卷二20题)

A. had to

B. didn?t

C. was going to

D. wouldn?t

30. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you take care of your

luggage.

(07年北京卷26题)

A. can

B. may

C. must

D. will

31. ----- Guess what! I have got A for my team paper.

----- Great! You read widely and put a lot of work into it. (07年上海卷29题)

A. must

B. should

C. must have

D. should have

32. ----- What does the sign over there read?

----- “No person smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”

(07年四川卷题)

A. will

B. may

C. shall

D. must

33. The teacher have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn?t have wasted

time on him, I suppose. (07年安徽卷23题)

A. shuold

B. can

C. would

D. must

34. I told your friend how to get to the hotle, but perhaps I have driven her there.

(07年陕西卷14题)

A. could

B. must

C. might

D. should

35. The biggest problem for most plants, which just get up and run away when

threatened, is that animals like to eat them. (07年湖南卷24题)

A. shan?t

B. can?t

C. needn?t

D. mustn?t

36. My Mp4 player isn?t in my bag. Where I have put it? (07年福建卷25

题)

A. can

B. must

C. should

D. would

37. ------ She looks very happy. She have passed the exam.

------ I guess so. It?s not difficult after all. (07年江苏卷22题)

A. should

B. could

C. must

D. might

38. There?s no light on ----- they be at home. (06年全国卷一24题)

A. can?t

B. mustn?t

C. needn?t

D. shouldn?t

39. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, ? (06年全国卷二7

题)

A. do you

B. can we

C. will you

D. shall we

40. You buy a gift, but you can if you want to. (2010年湖南卷23题)

A. must

B. mustn?t

C. have to

D. don?t have to

41. ----- I take the book out?

----- I?m afraid not. (2010年四川卷3题)

A. Will

B. May

C. Must

D. Need

42. Just be patient. You expect the world to chang so soon. (2010年全国卷

29题)

A. can?t

B. needn?t

C. may not

D. whether

43. ----- I haven?t got the reference book yet, but I?ll have a test on the subject next

month.

----- Don? t worry. You have it by Friday. (2010年江苏卷25题)

A. could

B. shall

C. must

D. may

44. ----- May I take this book out of the reading room?

----- No, you . You read it here. (2010年陕西卷23题)

A. mightn?t

B. won?t

C. needn?t

D. mustn?t

45. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it be regular exercise.

(2010年辽宁卷26题)

A. can

B. will

C. must

D. may

46. Jack described his father, who a brave boy many years ago, as a stong willed

man.

(2010年安徽卷32题)

A. would be

B. would have been

C. must be

D. must have been

47. I have watched that movie ----- it …ll give me horrible dreams. (2010年山东卷

25题)

A. shouldn?t

B. needn?t

C. couldn?t

D. mustn?t

48. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.

(2010年天津卷9题)

A. needn?t

B. wouldn?t

C. mustn?t

D. couldn?t

49. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he . (2010年安徽卷26题)

A. was busy

B. is busy

C. had been busy

D. will be busy

50. If he my advice, he wouldn?t have lost his job. (2010年湖南卷29题)

A. followed

B. should follow

C. had followed

D. would follow

高考情态动词练习题及答案详解

高考情态动词练习题及答案详解一、单项选择情态动词 1．Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You ________ have fixed full attention on it. A．can B．should C．need D．might 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：看！你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构，can have done 表示可能；need表示需要；might have done表示可能做过某事；故选B。 2．—I don’t really like Janes. Why did you invite him? —Don’t worry. He come. He said he was’t certain what his plans were. A．must not B．need not C．would not D．might not 【答案】D 【解析】考察情态动词，题干中的h e wasn’t certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定，might not。 3．-- Did Jim come? -- I don’t know. He _______ while I was out. A．might have come B．might come C．must have come D．should have come 【答案】A 【解析】【详解】考查情态动词推测用法。句意：Jim来了吗？--我不知道，在我不在的时候，可能来过。根据前文I don’t know.可知，说话者不知道Jim来没来，因此后文推测来过，但是语气很不确定，故可知选A。对过去情况的推测为情态动词+have done，must have done 一定做了某事，should have done 应该来过，不符合，故选A。【点睛】情态动词+have+过去分词的用法，表示推测或判断过去的情况。 can/could+have+过去分词用法：①多用于否定句和疑问句中。表示对过去某事发生的可能性的否定或质疑，意为：不可能（已经）......了-（否定句）/可能（已经）......了嘛？-（疑问句）②用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有轻微的责备，意为：本来可以......的（但实际上没有......）。You could have done better, but you were too careless.（肯定

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