Hall 5e TB Ch06
Chapter 6桾he Expenditure Cycle Part II: Payroll Processing and Fixed Asset Procedures
TRUE/FALSE
1. Time cards are used by cost accounting to allocate direct labor charges to work in process.
ANS: F
2. The personnel department authorizes changes in employee pay rates.
ANS: T
3. Most payroll systems for mid-size firms use real-time data processing.
ANS: F
4. To improve internal control, paychecks should be distributed by the employee's supervisor.
ANS: F
5. Employee paychecks should be drawn against a special checking account.
ANS: T
6. Because a time clock is used, no supervision is required when employees enter and leave the work
place.
ANS: F
7. Inventory control performs the formal record keeping function for fixed assets.
ANS: F
8. The depreciation schedule shows when assets are fully depreciated.
ANS: T
9. Authorization to dispose of fixed assets should be issued by the user of the asset.
ANS: F
10. Work-in-process records are updated by payroll personnel.
ANS: F
11. Ideally, payroll checks are written on a special bank account used only for payroll.
ANS: T
12. The supervisor is the best person to determine the existence of a 損hantom employee and should
distribute paychecks.
ANS: F
13. Payroll processing can be automated easily because accounting for payroll is very simple.
ANS: F
14. Timekeeping is part of the personnel function.
ANS: F
15. Fixed asset accounting systems include cost allocation and matching procedures that are not part of
routine expenditure systems.
ANS: T
16. Asset maintenance involves only the recording of depreciation charges. Physical improvements are
always expensed.
ANS: F
17. Fixed Asset Systems must keep track of the physical location of each asset to promote accountability.
ANS: T
18. Time cards capture the total time an individual worker spends on each production job.
ANS: F
19. Accounting conventions and IRS rules sometime specify the depreciation parameters to be used.
ANS: T
20. The fixed asset disposal report authorizes the user department to dispose of a fixed asset.
ANS: F
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The document that captures the total amount of time that individual workers spend on each production
job is called a
a. time card
b. job ticket
c. personnel action form
d. labor distribution form
ANS: B
2. An important reconciliation in the payroll system is
a. general ledger compares the labor distribution summary from cost accounting to the
disbursement voucher from accounts payable
b. personnel compares the number of employees authorized to receive a paycheck to the
number of paychecks prepared
c. production compares the number of hours reported on job tickets to the number of hours
reported on time cards
d. payroll compares the labor distribution summary to the hours reported on time cards
ANS: A
3. Which internal control is not an important part of the payroll system?
a. Supervisors verify the accuracy of employee time cards.
b. Paychecks are distributed by an independent paymaster.
c. Accounts payable verifies the accuracy of the payroll register before transferring payroll
funds to the general checking accounting.
d. General ledger reconciles the labor distribution summary and the payroll disbursement
voucher.
ANS: C
4. Which transaction is not processed in the Fixed Asset System?
a. purchase of building
b. improvement of equipment
c. purchase of raw materials
d. sale of company van
ANS: C
5. Depreciation
a. is calculated by the department that uses the fixed asset
b. allocates the cost of the asset over its useful life
c. is recorded weekly
d. results in book value approximating fair market value
ANS: B
6. Depreciation records include all of the following information about fixed assets except
a. the economic benefit of purchasing the asset
b. the cost of the asset
c. the depreciation method being used
d. the location of the asset
ANS: A
7. Which control is not a part of the Fixed Asset System?
a. formal analysis of the purchase request
b. review of the assumptions used in the capital budgeting model
c. development of an economic order quantity model
d. estimates of anticipated cost savings
ANS: C
8. Objectives of the Fixed Asset System do not include
a. authorizing the acquisition of fixed assets
b. recording depreciation expense
c. computing gain and/or loss on disposal of fixed assets
d. maintaining a record of the fair market value of all fixed assets
ANS: D
9. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Fixed Asset System?
a. Acquisitions are routine transactions requiring general authorization.
b. Retirements are reported on an authorized disposal report form.
c. Acquisition cost is allocated over the expected life of the asset.
d. Transfer of fixed assets among departments is recorded in the fixed asset subsidiary
ledger.
ANS: A
10. In the payroll subsystem, which function should distribute paychecks?
a. personnel
b. timekeeping
c. paymaster
d. payroll
ANS: C
11. Where does the responsibility lie for reconciling the labor distribution summary and the payroll
disbursement voucher?
a. cash disbursements
b. cost accounting
c. personnel
d. general ledger
ANS: D
12. Which of the following statements is not true?
a. Routine payroll processing begins with the submission of time cards.
b. Payroll clerks must verify the hours reported on the time cards.
c. Payroll reconciles personnel action forms with time cards and prepares paychecks.
d. Cash disbursements signs paychecks and forwards them to the paymaster for distribution.
ANS: B
13. In a manufacturing firm, employees use time cards and job tickets. Which of the following statements
is not correct?
a. Job tickets are prepared by employees for each job worked on, so an employee may have
more that one job ticket on a given day.
b. An individual employee will have only one time card.
c. The time reported on job tickets should reconcile with the time reported on time cards.
d. Paychecks should be prepared from the job tickets.
ANS: D
14. Which department is responsible for approving changes in pay rates for employees?
a. payroll
b. treasurer
c. personnel
d. cash disbursements
ANS: C
15. Which of the following situations represents a serious control weakness?
a. Timekeeping is independent of the payroll department.
b. Paychecks are distributed by the employees immediate supervisor.
c. Time cards are reconciled with job tickets.
d. Personnel is responsible for updating employee records, including creation of records for
new hires.
ANS: B
16. Why would an organization require the paymaster to deliver all unclaimed paychecks to the internal
audit department?
a. to detect a 損hantom employee for whom a check was produced
b. to prevent an absent employee抯check from being lost
c. to avoid paying absent employees for payday
d. to prevent the paymaster from cashing unclaimed checks
ANS: A
17. Which of the following is not a reasonable control for fixed assets?
a. Proper authorization is required for acquisition and disposal of fixed assets.
b. Fixed asset records show the location of each asset.
c. Fully depreciated assets are immediately disposed of.
d. Depreciation policies are in writing.
ANS: C
18. Cost accounting updates work-in-process accounts from
a. time cards
b. the labor distribution summary
c. job tickets
d. personnel action forms
ANS: C
19. Payroll uses time card data to do all of the following except
a. prepare the payroll register
b. update employee payroll records
c. prepare the labor distribution summary
d. prepare paychecks
ANS: C
20. Payroll checks are typically drawn on
a. the regular checking account
b. a payroll imprest account
c. a wages payable account
d. petty cash
ANS: B
21. The personnel action form provides authorization control by
a. preventing paychecks for terminated employees
b. verifying pay rates for employees
c. informing payroll of new hires
d. all of the above
ANS: D
22. Accounting records that provide the audit trail for payroll include all of the following except
a. time cards
b. job tickets
c. payroll register
d. accounts payable register
ANS: D
23. Personnel actions forms are used to do all of the following except
a. activate new employees
b. terminate employees
c. record hours worked
d. change pay rates
ANS: C
24. The payroll department performs all of the following except
a. prepares the payroll register
b. distributes paychecks
c. updates employee payroll records
d. prepares paychecks
ANS: B
25. The document that records the total amount of time spent on a production job is the
a. time card
b. job ticket
c. labor distribution summary
d. personnel action form
ANS: C
26. A control technique that can reduce the risk of a terminated employee being paid is
a. a security camera viewing the time clock
b. the supervisor taking role during the shift
c. paychecks being distributed by an independent paymaster
d. reconciliation of time cards and job tickets
ANS: C
27. Accounts payable
a. signs paychecks
b. prepares the payroll voucher
c. reconciles time cards and employee records
d. distributes paychecks to employees
ANS: B
28. All of the following are processed by the Fixed Asset System except
a. sale of unneeded equipment
b. purchase of raw materials
c. repair of production equipment
d. purchase of a new plant
ANS: B
29. The Fixed Asset System performs all of the following except
a. determines the need for new assets
b. maintains depreciation records
c. records retirement and disposal of assets
d. tracks the physical location of fixed assets
ANS: A
30. The payroll department performs all of the following except
a. prepares paychecks
b. transfers adequate funds to the payroll imprest account
c. updates employee payroll records
d. prepares the payroll register
ANS: B
31. Depreciation
a. assures that assets are reported at fair market value
b. is discretionary for many firms
c. allocates the cost of an asset over its useful life
d. is the responsibility of the department using the asset
ANS: C
32. The Fixed Asset System is similar to the expenditure cycle except
a. fixed asset transactions are non-routine and require special authorization and controls
b. fixed assets are capitalized, not expensed
c. both a and b
d. none of the above
ANS: C
33. Asset maintenance involves
a. the recording of periodic depreciation
b. adjusting the asset records to reflect the cost of physical improvements
c. keeping track of the physical location of the assets
d. all of the above
ANS: D
34. The Fixed Asset Systems does all of the following except
a. records acquisition of assets
b. records improvements to assets
c. estimates the fair market value of assets in service
d. records the disposal of assets
ANS: C
35. Asset disposal
a. occurs as soon as an asset is fully depreciated
b. requires no special authorization
c. automatically initiates the purchase of a replacement asset
d. must follow formal authorization procedures
ANS: D
SHORT ANSWER
1. Describe an internal control procedure that would prevent an employee from punching the time clock
for another, absent employee.
ANS:
supervision of the time clock at the start of the shift
2. Why should the employee抯supervisor not distribute paychecks?
ANS:
A form of payroll fraud involves a supervisor submitting fraudulent time cards for nonexistent
employees. The resulting paychecks, when returned to the supervisor are then cashed by the
supervisor.
3. Describe an internal control procedure that would prevent a supervisor from stealing the unclaimed
paychecks of employees who have been terminated.
ANS:
This type of fraud can be reduced or eliminated by using a paymaster to distribute paychecks to
employees in person. Any uncollected paychecks are then returned to payroll. Also, mail final
paychecks to terminated employees.
4. Why should employee paychecks be drawn against a special checking account?
ANS:
A separate imprest account is established for the exact amount of the payroll based on the payroll
summary. When the paychecks are cashed, this account should clear leaving a zero balance. Any errors in checks (additional checks or abnormal amounts) would result in a non-zero balance in the imprest account and/or some paycheck would not clear. This will alert management to the problem so corrective action can be taken.
5. Why should employees clocking on and off the job be supervised.
ANS:
A form of payroll fraud involves employees clocking the time cards of absent employees. By
supervising the clocking in and out process, this fraud can be reduced or eliminated.
6. What is a personnel action form?
ANS:
The personnel action form provides the payroll department with a list of currently active employees, so that any submission of time cards by supervisors for fictitious or ex-employees will not be processed.
7. In a manufacturing firm, employees typically fill out two different documents regarding their time
worked. What are they? Why are there two?
ANS:
The two documents are the time card and the job ticket. Two are required because the time card
records all the time worked by an employee during the period while the job ticket details the time by project.
8. List two types of authorization required in the Fixed Asset System.
ANS:
authorization to purchase the asset and to dispose of the asset
9. List four types of data that appear on a depreciation schedule.
ANS:
item description, depreciation method, useful life, date acquired, cost, salvage value, accumulated depreciation, depreciation expense per period, book value
10. Which documents prompt the fixed asset department to create a fixed asset record?
ANS:
the receiving report and the disbursement voucher
11. Describe an internal control that would prevent an employee from stealing a computer and then
reporting it as scrapped.
ANS:
Supervisors must authorize the disposal of the computer. Unless so authorized, the record will
continue to show that the employee is responsible for the computer.
12. Describe an internal control that would prevent the payment of insurance premiums on an automobile
that is no longer owned by the company.
ANS:
Perform an annual physical inventory of fixed assets and adjust the records to reflect assets no longer on hand. Prepare reports about the disposal of assets.
13. Describe an internal control that would prevent the charging of depreciation expense to the
maintenance department for a sweeper that is now located in and used by the engineering department.
ANS:
Prepare reports about the transfer of fixed assets. Perform an annual physical inventory and note the location of assets. Budget and then hold each department accountable for depreciation expense for assets located in each department.
14. Describe an internal control that would prevent the acquisition of office equipment which is not
needed by the firm.
ANS:
A higher organizational level or other appropriate person authorizes fixed asset acquisitions; part of
the authorization is showing that a need for the asset exists.
15. What negative consequences result when fixed asset records include assets that are no longer owned
by the firm?
ANS:
On the financial statements, assets will be overstated and depreciation expense could be overstated.
Assets on property tax returns will be overstated and too much tax will be paid. Insurance premiums will be paid on nonexistent assets.
16. Explain the purpose of each of the following documents used in the payroll system:
the personnel action form, the job ticket, the time card.
ANS:
The personnel action form is a document which identifies employees who should receive a paycheck;
reflects changes in pay rates, payroll deductions, and job classifications.
The job ticket collects information on the time individual workers spend on each production job.
The time card captures the total time that an employee is at work.
17. How do fixed asset systems differ from the expenditure cycle?
ANS:
The fixed asset system processes nonroutine transactions for a wider group of users in the organization than the expenditure cycle. Further, the expenditure cycle processes routine acquisitions of raw
materials inventories for the production function and finished goods inventories for the sales function.
The expenditure cycle transactions are oftentimes automatically approved by the system, while fixed asset transaction approvals typically demand individual attention due to the uniqueness of the
transactions.
18. What is recorded by the asset maintenance part of the Fixed Asset System?
ANS:
periodic depreciation following an approved depreciation schedule and physical improvements to the asset to increase the subsidiary account and to adjust the depreciation schedule
19. How are the following carried out in the Fixed Asset System: authorization, supervision, independent
verification?
ANS:
Independent authorization is required to acquire an asset and to formalize the depreciation schedule.
Supervision must be exercised over the physical assets.
Independent verification must confirm the location, existence, and condition of the assets.
20. Which department authorizes changes to employee pay rates?
ANS:
The personnel department via the personnel action form
ESSAY
1. The Golf Club Company makes custom golf clubs. The manufacturing supervisor interviews people
who have specialized manufacturing skills, and he informs payroll when an employee is hired. The
employees use a time clock to record the hours they work. The employees are also required to keep a record of the time they spend working on each order. The supervisor approves all time cards.
The accountant analyzes the job tickets and prepares a labor distribution summary. Payroll prepares the payroll register and paychecks. The supervisor distributes the paychecks to the employees. Payroll informs cash disbursement of the funds required to cover the entire payroll amount. The cash
disbursements clerk ensures that there are adequate funds in the company's regular checking account to cover the payroll.
Describe at least three internal control weaknesses; for each weakness suggest an improvement to
internal control.
ANS:
WEAKNESS: The supervisor could be creating fictitious employees. The supervisor has too many incompatible duties; he hires workers, approves the time cards, and distributes the paychecks.
IMPROVEMENT: Segregate duties. Personnel should hire employees and a paymaster should distribute paychecks.
WEAKNESS: Employees could be paid for time they do not work; a co-worker could record an absent worker as present (punch the time clock).
IMPROVEMENT: Supervise the time clock. Reconcile time cards and job time tickets.
WEAKNESS: Payroll has authorization and transaction processing responsibilities. Payroll is
authorizing the disbursement to fund the entire payroll. Accounts payable is not part of the system.
IMPROVEMENT: Segregate duties; accounts payable should verify the accuracy of the payroll register and create a disbursement voucher.
WEAKNESS: Payroll is funded through the general checking account.
IMPROVEMENT: Paychecks should be written on a separate payroll account.
2. Describe how the Fixed Asset System differs from the expenditure cycle.
ANS:
The Fixed Asset System processes nonroutine transactions which are recorded as capital assets. The receiving department delivers fixed assets to the user/manager. The fixed asset department performs the record keeping function.
The expenditure cycle processes routine transactions which are often debited to inventory or expensed.
The receiving department delivers routine purchases to a central store or warehouse. Inventory Control performs the record keeping function for inventory purchases.
3. Three major tasks are handled by the Fixed Asset System. What is the purpose of each? What special
control issues affect each?
ANS:
Asset acquisition handles the steps leading to the acquisition of new fixed assets: recognition of need, authorization and approval, possible capital investment analysis, and selection of supplier. Because of the value of fixed assets, special approvals are needed.
Asset maintenance involves adjusting the subsidiary account balances for depreciation, and
improvements and tracking location. Control involves accountability by keeping track of the physical location of each asset.
Asset disposal handles the removal of assets from the subsidiary ledger when the asset is taken out of service. This requires special approval and preparation of a disposal report.
4. The Baccus Corp. manufactures medical equipment. This is a capital intensive industry and
investments in fixed assets exceed $5 million a year. The minimum cost for production equipment is $75,000. When supervisors want new production machinery, they contact the plant manager. The plant manager approves or denies the request based on discussions with the production supervisor, the repair and maintenance supervisor, and the quality control supervisor.
A purchase order is prepared by the purchasing department and sent to one of the three major suppliers of production machinery for medical equipment. The equipment is delivered immediately to the production floor and put into service. At the end of the month, the production supervisor informs the general ledger clerk about the receipt of the machinery. The general ledger clerk establishes an asset record for the machine. At the end of the year, the general ledger clerk computes straight-line depreciation based on a 10-year life with a 10 percent salvage value. Depreciation expense is recorded as a direct reduction of the asset cost.
The repair department performs routine maintenance on all of the production equipment. Occasionally the repair department rebuilds a machine to extend its useful life. All of the costs associated with the repair department are charged to manufacturing overhead. When a machine becomes obsolete, production employees move it to a corner of the factory floor and break it down so that parts can be used in other machines. Production employees routinely remove parts for personal use. Some smaller machines have disappeared completely from the factory floor.
The general ledger clerk takes a physical inventory every three years. About 75 percent of the fixed assets can be located and identified. Other assets have serial numbers that are inaccessible, so the item cannot be matched to a fixed asset record. Some fixed asset records cannot be traced to an actual item. Several machines that have been scrapped and are being used for spare parts were matched to fixed asset records. At the last inventory, the general ledger clerk did not make any adjustments to the fixed asset records explaining that 75 percent accuracy in the fixed asset physical inventory was excellent.
Describe five internal control weaknesses and explain how to correct them.
ANS:
WEAKNESS: There is no written documentation of the approval for purchase. IMPROVEMENT: A formal capital investment analysis should be performed for purchases of fixed assets; the analysis should evaluate cost and benefits of the request.
WEAKNESS: There is no process for obtaining competitive bids.
IMPROVEMENT: Price bids should be obtained from the three suppliers before a purchase order is issued.
WEAKNESS: Fixed assets are delivered directly to the factory floor.
IMPROVEMENT: All purchases should go through the receiving department; the equipment should be inspected and a receiving report should be prepared.
WEAKNESS: The production supervisor notifies the general ledger clerk about the receipt of fixed assets.
IMPROVEMENT: The receiving department should send a copy of the receiving report to the fixed asset department so that fixed asset records can be updated and accountability for the asset established.
WEAKNESS: The general ledger clerk is maintaining fixed asset records.
IMPROVEMENT: The fixed asset department should maintain fixed asset records.
WEAKNESS: Depreciation is computed using a standard method, asset life, and salvage value. IMPROVEMENT: Management should ensure that the depreciation method is appropriate. The asset life and salvage value should be determined individually for each fixed asset acquisition.
WEAKNESS: Depreciation is recorded as a direct reduction of the asset cost. IMPROVEMENT: Depreciation should be recorded in an Accumulated Depreciation account for each asset.
WEAKNESS: Costs to rebuild a machine is charged to manufacturing overhead.
IMPROVEMENT: Costs to rebuild machines should be recorded as an increase to the cost of the asset.
WEAKNESS: There is no authorization to scrap an obsolete machine.
IMPROVEMENT: Obtain written authorization from management before a machine is scrapped.
WEAKNESS: Employees remove equipment and equipment parts from the premises without
authorization.
IMPROVEMENT: Employees should receive written authorization before removing parts or
equipment from the factory.
WEAKNESS: The general ledger clerk is conducting the physical inventory and maintaining the record keeping.
IMPROVEMENT: The general ledger clerk should not be taking the physical inventory count. Also, the physical count should occur more frequently.
WEAKNESS: Fixed assets cannot be matched with records.
IMPROVEMENT: Apply easily accessible labels to identify fixed assets.
WEAKNESS: Fixed assets cannot be located and are not removed from the books.
IMPROVEMENT: Fixed assets that cannot be located must be removed from the fixed asset records.
WEAKNESS: Fixed assets that are scrapped remain on the books.
IMPROVEMENT: Assets that are scrapped should be removed from the fixed asset records.
WEAKNESS: The clerk regards 75% accuracy as excellent.
IMPROVEMENT: Acceptance of 75% accuracy is poor. Any variation should be investigated and records updated.
5. Why does the payroll process lend itself to batch processing?
ANS:
Payroll lends itself to batch computerization because it is processed at fixed time intervals which permits some time lag. Processing the payroll file usually involves most employees each time it is processed, which is an efficient use of computer resources and can be accomplished with a single pass through the file.
6. Discuss the fundamental risk and control issues associated with fixed assets that are different from raw
materials and finished goods.
ANS:
AUTHORIZATION CONTROLS. Because fixed assets are requested and employed by end-users asset acquisitions should be formal and explicitly authorized. Each material transaction should be initiated by a written request from the user or department. In the case of high-value items, there should be an independent approval process that evaluates the merits of the request on a cost-benefit basis.
SUPERVISION CONTROLS. Because capital assets are widely distributed around the organization, they are more susceptible to theft and misappropriation than inventories that are secured in a
warehouse. Therefore, management supervision is an important element in the physical security of fixed assets. Supervisors must ensure that fixed assets are being used in accordance with the
organization抯policies and business practices.
INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION CONTROLS.
1. Periodically, the internal auditor should review the asset acquisition and approval procedures to
determine the reasonableness of key factors including: the useful life of the asset, the original financial cost, proposed cost savings as a result of acquiring the asset, the discount rate used, and the capital budgeting method used in justifying decisions to buy or dispose of assets.
2. The internal auditor should verify the location, condition, and fair value of the organization抯
fixed assets against the fixed asset records in the subsidiary ledger.
3. The automatic depreciation charges calculated by the fixed asset system should be reviewed and
verified for accuracy and completeness. System errors that miscalculate depreciation can result in the material misstatement of operating expenses, reported earnings, and asset values.
动车组安全管理办法-最新范文
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置故障时,由司机通知随车机械师和列车长;列车长负责组织手动开关车门,随车机械师负责处理相关故障。动车组到站停稳后,司机负责开启车门。按钮不在司机操作台的,由司机通知机械师开关车门。动车组重联运行时,两列车长同时确认旅客乘降完毕,二组列车长和一组列车长呼应乘降完毕,用语为“XX次后部旅客乘降完毕”,由运行前方列车长第一组的列车长负责确认旅客乘降情况并通知司机,呼叫用语同发车呼叫用语。 1.5 列车乘务人员应当配备无线对讲机,及时通报各种信息,但不得用对讲机从事与工作无关事情。动车组列车配备二支长度1.5M杆把为绝缘材料的钩具,定位放置,及时协助旅客捡拾掉入站台下的行李物品。 1.6 CRH5动车组列车乘务室只能用于放置班组资料和办公用品,不得储物或改作他用。 1.7 全列车除指定车厢吸烟处外,其他车厢一律禁止吸烟。列车乘务员要加强宣传,对吸烟的旅客做好解释引导工作。 1.8 列车销售的食品、饮品必须为全国名优产品,并实行统一采购、统一进价、统一销售价格,严把食品、饮品进货渠道,防止旅客食物中毒。 1.9 列车乘务人员在列车运行中应当注意对列车安全设备的管理,制止旅客搬动、触碰安全设备等不安全行为。严禁任何人在列车运行中打开气密窗。除工作需要列车长或列车长指定的工作人员准许进入司机室外,其他人员一律不得进入司机室。
常用电路维修基础知识
常用电路维修基础知识 常用电路维修基础知识 作者:佚名来源:不详录入:Admin更新时间：2008-7-27 15:40:26点击数：6 【字体：】 常用电路维修基础知识 一、电容 1、电容在电路中一般用“C”加数字表示（如C25表示编号为25的电容）。电容是由两片金属膜紧靠， 中间用绝缘材料隔开而组成的元件。电容的特性主要是隔直流通交流。 电容容量的大小就是表示能贮存电能的大小，电容对交流信号的阻碍作用称为容抗，它与交流信号的频率和电容量有关。 容抗XC=1/2πf c(f表示交流信号的频率，C表示电容容量) 电话机中常用电容的种类有电解电容、瓷片电容、贴片电容、独石电容、钽电容和涤纶电容等。 2、识别方法：电容的识别方法与电阻的识别方法基本相同，分直标法、色标法和数标法3种。电容 的基本单位用法拉（F）表示，其它单位还有：毫法（mF）、微法（uF）、纳法（nF）、皮法（pF）。 其中：1法拉=103毫法=106微法=109纳法=1012皮法 容量大的电容其容量值在电容上直接标明，如10 uF/16V 容量小的电容其容量值在电容上用字母表示或数字表示： 字母表示法：1m=1000 uF 1P2=1.2PF 1n=1000PF 数字表示法：一般用三位数字表示容量大小，前两位表示有效数字，第三位数字是倍率。 如：102表示10×102PF=1000PF 224表示22×104PF=0.22uF
变容二极管发生故障，主要表现为漏电或性能变差： （1）发生漏电现象时，高频调制电路将不工作或调制性能变差。 （2）变容性能变差时，高频调制电路的工作不稳定，使调制后的高频信号发送到对方被对方接收后产生失真。出现上述情况之一时，就应该更换同型号的变容二极管。 三、电感 电感在电路中常用“L”加数字表示，如：L6表示编号为6的电感。电感线圈是将绝缘的导线在绝缘的骨架上绕一定的圈数制成。直流可通过线圈，直流电阻就是导线本身的电阻，压降很小；当交流信号通过线圈时，线圈两端将会产生自感电动势，自感电动势的方向与外加电压的方向相反，阻碍交流的通过，所以电感的特性是通直流阻交流，频率越高，线圈阻抗越大。电感在电路中可与电容组成振荡电路。 电感一般有直标法和色标法，色标法与电阻类似。如：棕、黑、金、金表示1uH（误差5%）的电感。电感的基本单位为：亨（H）换算单位有：1H=103mH=106uH。 三、三极管 晶体三极管在电路中常用“Q”加数字表示，如：Q17表示编号为17的三极管。 1、特点：晶体三极管（简称三极管）是内部含有2个PN结，并且具有放大能力的特殊器件。它分NPN型和PNP型两种类型，这两种类型的三极管从工作特性上可互相弥补，所谓OTL电路中的对管就是由PNP型和NPN型配对使用。 电话机中常用的PNP型三极管有：A92、9015等型号；NPN型三极管有：A42、9014、9018、9013、9012等型号。 2、晶体三极管主要用于放大电路中起放大作用，在常见电路中有三种接法。为了便于比较，将晶体管三种接法电路 所具有的特点列于下表，供大家参考。
项目一动车组辅助供电系统维护与检修
项目一 动车组辅助供电系统维护与检修项目一动车组辅助供电系统维护与检修 【项目描述】 通过本项目学习，使学生熟知动车组辅助供电系统的基本知识；同时要掌握动车组辅助供电系统的工作过程，能够描绘动车组辅助电源装置的组成及供电过程，并熟悉动车组辅助供电系统的一、二级检修维护。 学习过程中要求学生树立安全生产和质量意识，培养学生的团队协作能力。 【知识目标】 （1）熟知动车组辅助供电系统的基础知识； （2）掌握动车组辅助供电系统的组成及工作过程。 【能力目标】 （1）能自主学习辅助供电相关的基础知识； （2）能描绘CRH380A、CRH380B动车组辅助电源装置的供电过程； （3）能熟知CRH380A、CRH380B动车组辅助供电装置的一、二级检修维护。 任务一 动车组辅助供电系统概述 1
高速铁路动车组辅助设备维护与检修 2 【任务描述】 （1）掌握动车组辅助供电系统的组成及分类； （2）了解动车组辅助供电系统的特点。 【背景知识】 随着高速铁路技术在我国的迅速发展，250 km/h速度级及以上的动力分散交流传动电动 车组已成为铁路旅客运输的主要装备。高速动车组技术是各型复杂技术的集合体，动车组的辅助供电系统作为其中的重要组成部分，除了像传统机车那样担负牵引电机的辅助作用，还担负起了车内乘客安全和乘坐环境维持系统的用电。为了保证动车组能够长时间正常运行，列车需要稳定、高效的辅助系统为各种辅助设备提供电源，这些设备包括空气压缩机、冷却通风机、油泵/水泵电机、空气调节系统、采暖设备、照明设备、旅客服务设备及应急通风装置等。另外，辅助供电系统还具备应急供电功能。因此，辅助供电系统的优劣，不仅仅关系到旅客乘坐的舒适性，更直接关系到动车组能否正常行驶。 一、动车组辅助电气系统 动车组辅助电气系统包括辅助供电系统和配电系统。 辅助供电系统是指除为牵引动力系统之外的所有需要用电力的负载设备提供电能的系统，包括辅助供电系统和蓄电池系统。辅助供电系统的电力主要来自牵引供电电网，经列车顶部的受电弓进入列车主变压器原边绕组，主变压器的次级绕组专设有为辅助系统供电的辅助绕组，当电力不能来自牵引供电电网时，采用外接电源或者蓄电池供电。 辅助供电系统的负载设备包括：空气压缩机、牵引系统冷却通风机、油泵/水泵电机、空调系统、采暖、给水及卫生设施、照明、TCMS系统、旅客信息系统、广播、ATP等电务车载系统等。 蓄电池系统还需为列车控制系统提供不间断安全电源，所以辅助供电系统是与牵引动力系统同等重要的系统。 动车组配电系统的作用是将供电装置、用电设备以及控制保护设备连成一个完整的电气系统，并将电能予以输送和分配。 二、动车组辅助供电系统的组成
动车组安全管理办法正式样本
文件编号：TP-AR-L2338 There Are Certain Management Mechanisms And Methods In The Management Of Organizations, And The Provisions Are Binding On The Personnel Within The Jurisdiction, Which Should Be Observed By Each Party. （示范文本） 编制：_______________ 审核：_______________ 单位：_______________ 动车组安全管理办法正 式样本
动车组安全管理办法正式样本 使用注意：该管理制度资料可用在组织/机构/单位管理上，形成一定的管理机制和管理原则、管理方法以及管理机构设置的规范，条款对管辖范围内人员具有约束力需各自遵守。材料内容可根据实际情况作相应修改，请在使用时认真阅读。 1安全规则 1.1 列车乘务组人员（列车员、保洁员、配餐 师、服务员、车辆机械师、乘警）应当接受列车长统 一领导，各负其责、各司其职，在确保旅客安全的情 况下，质量良好地完成本岗位工作。特殊情况下，按 规定也要服从司机统一指挥。 1.2 客运乘务组人员上岗前必须通过路局培 训，段劳动安全考试合格后，由路局统一颁发上岗证 后，方能上岗。 1.3 列车长、列车员主要承担服务旅客、查验 车票、处理票务、危险品卡控、突发事件应急处理等
工作。发生影响旅客安全问题时，客运乘务组应当立即采取有效措施，保护旅客生命和财产安全。 1.4 旅客乘降按照“前门下，后门上”分工，特殊情况可通报车站具体变更组织方案。中间站到达前，列车通过列车广播组织旅客在各车厢运行方向前端车门等候下车。车站开车前提前5分钟停止检票，始发站提前20分钟检票放客，列车长提前20分钟（折返站10分钟）按规定通知司机、司机通知机械师开门。到站为低站台时,到站前由列车长组织提前打开车门翻板,并提示附近旅客安全注意事项，开车后及时放平、扣锁翻板；到站为高站台时,车门翻板免开。发车前，由列车长确认旅客乘降完毕后，通知司机关闭车门（哈站始发为开车前2分钟）；用语为“动车XX次司机，旅客乘降完毕，请关闭车门”，司机听到后回答“动车XX次司机明白”，如自动开
开关电源维修手册
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监理规范新表(2018年最新版本).doc
建设工程监理规范 监理单位用表 (电子版 )
A 类表（工程监理单位用表） JL-A001 总监理工程师任命书 JL-A002 项目监理机构印章使用授权书 JL-A003 监理规划 JL-A004 监理实施细则 JL-A005 工程开工令 JL-A006 监理通知单（质量 /安全） JL-A007 监理报告 JL-A008 工程暂停令 JL-A009 旁站记录 JL-A010 工程复工令 JL-A011 工程款支付证书 B 类表（施工单位报审、报验用表）JL-B001 施工组织设计或（专项）施工方案报审表 JL-B002 工程开工报审表 JL-B003 工程复工报审表 JL-B004 施工现场质量、安全生产管理体系报审表 JL-B005 分包单位资格报审表 JL-B006 施工控制测量成果报验表 JL-B007 工程材料、构配件或设备报审表 JL-B008 隐蔽工程 /检验批 /分项工程报验表 JL-B009 分部工程报验表 JL-B010 单位工程竣工验收报审表 JL-B011 监理通知回复单（质量 /安全） JL-B012 工程款支付报审表 JL-B013 施工进度计划报审表 JL-B014 施工机械、设施报审表 JL-B015 费用索赔报审表 JL-B016 工程临时或最终延期报审表 JL-B017 报审、报验表
C 类表（通用表）JL-C001工作联系单 JL-C002工程变更单 JL-C003索赔意向通知书 JL-C004会议纪要
JL-A001 总监理工程师任命书 工程名称：编号： 致： 兹任命 （建设单位） （注册监理工程师注册号：）为我单位 项目总监理工程师。负责履行建设工程监 理合同、主持项目监理机构工作。 附件：（ 1）身份证复印件 （2）注册证书复印件 监理单位（印章） 法定代表人（签字）： 年月日 注：本表一式三份，建设单位、施工单位、项目监理机构各一份。 四川省住房和城乡建设厅制
动车组辅助供电系统
崇德尚能 知行合一 郑州铁路职业技术学院 毕业论文 题目：动车组的辅助供电系统 专业：高速铁道技术（动车组方向） 系（院）：机车车辆学院 班级：动车11A1 学号： 姓名： 指导教师：
目录 摘要 (3) 第一章：CRH2动车辅助供电系统概述 (4) 1.1辅助供电系统具有以下特点 (4) 1.2 CRH2牵引变压器辅助供电绕组供电 (4) 1.3辅助电源系统 (5) 第二章：CRH2动车组辅助供电系统设备与容量 (5) 2.1辅助供电冗余型 (5) 2.2辅助用电设备输出参数 (5) 2.3蓄电池 (6) 2..3.1蓄电池的分类 (6) 2.3.2蓄电池的基本名词 (6) 2.3.3碱性蓄电池的命名 (6) 2.3.4镉镍蓄电池的工作原理与运用 (7) 第三章：CRH2型动车组辅助电源装置(APU) (7) 3.1 DC100V系统 (7) 致谢 (9) 参考文献 (9)
摘要 随着高速铁路技术在我国的迅速发展,动车的辅助供电系统作为其重要组成部分,除了担负牵引电机的辅助作用,还担负起了车内乘客安全和乘坐环境维持系统的用电。动车组辅助供电系统是列车运行不可缺少的部分，起着第二电源的作用，动车组的辅助供电系统采用干线供电方式,电源贯穿全列车. 为了保证动车组能够长时间的正常运行，列车需要稳定、高效的辅助系统为众多辅助设备提供电源，主要包括空气空调、冷却风机、压缩机、照明、控制、广播、列车无线等设备提供交流或直流电源。辅助供电系统不仅仅关系到旅客乘坐的舒适的旅游环境，更是列车安全运行非常重要的有效保障,具有重要的应用价值。 由于分别是和不同国家与公司来进行引进，各种动车所采用的技术各不相同，我国现有铁路线上的动车种类繁多，技术各异。在这种背景下，各种机车之间存在着大量的零配件不通用，今后我国铁路机车的维护，保养和继续生产就面临着巨大的挑战，维护保养的成本也将大大提高，阻碍我国铁路事业的继续发展。掌握和吸收起来也增加了难度。 因此，迅速加快我国对动车组技术的引进吸收工作，吸取所引进列车的优点，扬其所长，避其所短，研发并制造出我国自主研发的动车，才能科学的制定统一的标准，迅速加快我国动车组发展的步伐。 本文主要基于CRH2型动车组辅助供电进行论述，CRH2动车组以E2-1000型动车组为原型车，通过全面引进设计制造技术，由四方股份公司在国内制造生产。 关键词：蓄电池，辅助供电系统，辅助供电装置
动车组安全管理办法
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电压力锅电路维修手册
电压力锅电路板维修手册 编者根据网上文章编辑整理，使文档结构更有条理。2013-2-13。 文章版权分属拼凑的原作者，但目前已不详。 本文主要适合入门级学徒阅读，经验丰富的老维修师傅可以飘过了。 电压力锅是传统高压锅和电饭锅的升级换代产品，它结合了压力锅和电饭锅的优点，采用弹性压力控制，动态密封，外旋盖、位移可调控电开关等新技术、新结构，全密封烹调、压力连续可调，彻底解决了压力锅的安全问题，解除了普通压力锅困扰消费者多年的安全隐患；其热效率大于80%，省时省电（比普通电饭锅节电30%以上）。电压力锅的确是一个比较实用的烹调器具。它具有其它烹调器具无法比拟的优势，能满足多方面的烹饪需要，能快速、安全、自动实现多种烹调方式，其节能、营养的特性是现代人追求的方向。（本段来自百度词条） 1使用及保养说明 电压力锅，顾名思义，有电有高压（这里指高气压而不是高电压），其实捎带还有高温。如果仅把它当成普通锅使用，那可能忽略了一些可能威胁到人身和财产安全的事项。对于能量过于集中的设备一定要小心使用，以防其能量快速释放做功过程中伤及无辜。 1.1电压力锅的正确操作方法 ①使用前仔细阅读产品说明书，了解电压力锅所具有的功能与注意事项。 ②使用前必须检查被使用电源的插座及线路是否满足电压力锅正常工作时所需要 的条件。 ③电压力锅的按键为轻触开关，有的高档机型还采用了触摸屏控制技术，因此对控 制面板上的按键操作应注意不要用力过大（或长按），以免损坏按键或缩短按键使用寿命。 ④不要在电压力锅工作时打开上盖，这样会影响电压力锅的温度感应系统，从而影 响米饭烹饪效果。 ⑤不要用热水或低温冷水来煮饭，这样会影响温控制的感温判断，从而使煮饭效果 变差。 ⑥请勿在电压力锅煮饭一次饭后立即再煮下一锅，应该接“保温/关”键，使电压力 锅回到待机状态，等待15分钟以上，使热盘冷却后，再煮下一锅。 ⑦在电压力锅工作前，请检查内锅、密封圈、排气阀是否到位，用毛巾轻轻抹掉内 锅底部的水分或异物，并检查合盖是否到位，以免引起事故。 1.2电压力锅的日常使用保养 ①将内锅从电压力锅内取出，用家用洗洁精洗衣干净前用清水冲洗，然后用干 软布擦干。
动车组培训班复习题规章
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马自达维修手册 马自达 电路图
线束符号 门锁定时单元 门锁执行器L F 门锁执行器L R 门锁执行器L F 门锁执行器L R 行李箱盖执行器 门锁执行器R R 门锁执行器R F 提升式门锁执行器 门锁执行器R R 门锁执行器R R
电动门锁系统（有双重锁系统） 阅读灯 礼貌灯 钥匙提示开关 仪表板 点火开关 [ ] 有防盗系统 闪光器装置 门开关 行李箱照明灯开关 货舱照明灯开关 K 3-01门锁定时单元（D ） 门 锁 门锁定时装置 蓄电池
线束符号 接线盒 （参阅J B 节） 主保险丝和继电器盒 点火开关 门锁定时单元
` 电动门锁系统（有双重锁系统） 门锁定时装置 [ ] 有防盗系统 防盗控制模块 有防盗系统 门连锁开关，左侧 门锁芯开关，左侧 门锁芯开关，右侧 K 3-01门锁定时装置 K 3-09门锁芯开关，右侧（D R 2） K 3-02门联锁开关，左侧（D R 1） K 3-08门锁芯开关，左侧（D R 1） 上锁 开锁 开锁 上锁 开锁 上锁
线束符号 门锁定时单元 门锁芯开关，左侧 门连锁开关，左侧 门锁芯开关，右侧
动力门锁系统（有双重锁系统） 门锁定时单元 门锁执行器 门锁执行器 门锁执行器 门锁执行器 门锁执行器 [ ] 无后雾灯 K 3-01门锁定时单元（D ） K 3-04门锁执行器 L R （D R 3） K 3-05门锁执行器R R （D R 4） K 3-06行李 箱盖执行器 （R 2） K 3-02门锁执行器L F （D R 1） K 3-03门锁执行器R F （D R 2） K 3-07提升式门 锁执行器（R 2） 提升式门锁执行器 行李箱盖执行器
新监理规范用表GB503192014
《建设工程监理规范》（GB50319-2013） 监理工作用表 1、A类表:工程监理单位用表 （1）表A.0.1 《总监理工程师任命书》 （2）表A.0.2 《工程开工令》 （3）表A.0.3 《监理通知》 （4）表A.0.4 《监理报告》 （5）表A.0.5 《工程暂停令》 （6）表A.0.6 《旁站记录》 （7）表A.0.7 《工程复工令》 （8）表A.0.8 《工程款支付证书》 2、B类表:施工单位报审/验用表 （9）表B.0.1 《施工组织设计/（专项）施工方案报审表》 （10）表B.0.2 《开工报审表》 （11）表B.0.3 《复工报审表》 （12）表B.0.4 《分包单位资格报审表》 （13）表B.0.5 《施工控制测量成果报验表》 （14）表B.0.6 《工程材料/构配件/设备报审表》 （15）表B.0.7 《报审/验表》 （16）表B.0.8 《分部工程报验表》 （17）表B.0.9 《监理通知回复单》 （18）表B.0.10《单位工程竣工验收报审表》 （19）表B.0.11《工程款支付报审表》 （20）表B.0.12《施工进度计划报审表》 （21）表B.0.13《费用索赔报审表》 （22）表B.0.14《工程临时/最终延期报审表》 3、C类表:通用表 （23）表C.0.1 《工作联系单》 （24）表C.0.2 《工程变更单》 （25）表C.0.3 《索赔意向通知书》
表A.0.1 总监理工程师任命书 工程名称：采油一厂两座2万方原油储罐建设工程编号： 致：青海油田采油一厂（建设单位） 兹任命李家灿（注册监理工程师注册号： JL00176564 ）为我单位项目总监理工程师。负责履行建设工程监理合同，主持项目监理机构工作。 工程监理单位（盖章） 法定代表人（签字） 年月日填报说明：本表一式三份，项目监理机构、建设单位、施工单位各一份。
动车组安全管理规定
动车组安全管理规定集团公司文件内部编码：（TTT-UUTT-MMYB-URTTY-ITTLTY-
动车组安全管理办法1安全规则 1.1列车乘务组人员（列车员、保洁员、配餐师、服务员、车辆机械师、乘警）应当接受列车长统一领导，各负其责、各司其职，在确保旅客安全的情况下，质量良好地完成本岗位工作。特殊情况下，按规定也要服从司机统一指挥。 1.2客运乘务组人员上岗前必须通过路局培训，段劳动安全考试合格后，由路局统一颁发上岗证后，方能上岗。 1.3列车长、列车员主要承担服务旅客、查验车票、处理票务、危险品卡控、突发事件应急处理等工作。发生影响旅客安全问题时，客运乘务组应当立即采取有效措施，保护旅客生命和财产安全。 1.4旅客乘降按照“前门下，后门上”分工，特殊情况可通报车站具体变更组织方案。中间站到达前，列车通过列车广播组织旅客在各车厢运行方向前端车门等候下车。车站开车前提前5分钟停止检票，始发站提前20分钟检票放客，列车长提前20分钟（折返站10分钟）按规定通知司机、司机通知机械师开门。到站为低站台时,到站前由列车长组织提前打开车门翻板,并提示附近旅客安全注意事项，开车后及时放平、扣锁翻
板；到站为高站台时,车门翻板免开。发车前，由列车长确认旅客乘降完毕后，通知司机关闭车门（哈站始发为开车前2分钟）；用语为“动车XX次司机，旅客乘降完毕，请关闭车门”，司机听到后回答“动车XX次司机明白”，如自动开关门装置故障时，由司机通知随车机械师和列车长；列车长负责组织手动开关车门，随车机械师负责处理相关故障。动车组到站停稳后，司机负责开启车门。按钮不在司机操作台的，由司机通知机械师开关车门。动车组重联运行时，两列车长同时确认旅客乘降完毕，二组列车长和一组列车长呼应乘降完毕，用语为“XX次后部旅客乘降完毕”，由运行前方列车长第一组的列车长负责确认旅客乘降情况并通知司机，呼叫用语同发车呼叫用语。 1.5列车乘务人员应当配备无线对讲机，及时通报各种信息，但不得用对讲机从事与工作无关事情。动车组列车配备二支长度1.5M杆把为绝缘材料的钩具，定位放置，及时协助旅客捡拾掉入站台下的行李物品。 1.6CRH5动车组列车乘务室只能用于放置班组资料和办公用品，不得储物或改作他用。 1.7全列车除指定车厢吸烟处外，其他车厢一律禁止吸烟。列车乘务员要加强宣传，对吸烟的旅客做好解释引导工作。
动车组列车电气设备安全管理
动车组列车电气设备安全管理 1.餐车电气设备安全管理 餐车电气设备安全管理规定如下： （1）电气化厨房设备的安全操作直接影响到人身安全、设备的可靠性及使用寿命。因此，设备操作人员必须经过操作培训，并经考试合格后才能进行上岗操作。（2）随车机械师应对电气化厨房设备进行定时巡视，发现使用人员未按安全操作规定使用设备时，应及时予以制止和纠正。 （3）餐车电气化厨房设备在使用操作前，应确认电源控制柜技术状态，如各设备开关是否在正常位，指示灯显示是否正常后，方准操作使用。 （4）运用中和列车入库停留，在无人操作设备时，应及时将各设备开关放置在关闭或零挡位，切断电源控制柜总电源，锁闭电源柜，做到人走电断，防止发生意外。 （5）电气化厨房设备必须在明显位置粘贴操作说明和安全操作规程。 （6）动车组列车餐车内使用的电器不能超过列车规定的额定功率。餐饮公司不得擅自增大用电设备的功率而产生过载。 2.电茶炉安全操作规定 动车组列车上的电茶炉安全操作规定如下： （1）电茶炉必须由经过培训考试合格的人员进行操作，其他人员不得使用和看管。图4-1所示为乘务员讲解电茶炉的使用方法。 （2）必须严格执行交接制度。接班人员需确认各部分状态良好后，方准进入正常操作。 （3）操作时，首先确认电茶炉供水系统各阀门状态良好，位置正确，电茶炉不缺水干烧。 （4）正常情况下，应将控制开关放置在正常使用位，同时严密监视电茶炉水位。
当水位过低或听到报警时，应立即切断电源。 （5）发生设备故障时，应首先切断电源并及时向车辆乘务员反映情况，不得擅自拆卸电茶炉配件和打开控制箱。 （6）应经常保持电茶炉清洁，严禁用水冲刷炉体。不得在茶炉上堆（存）放各种杂物。需保持排水系统清洁通畅。 3.微波炉安全操作规定 动车组列车上的微波炉安全操作规定如下： （1）微波炉烹调时不得使用金属网架及其他金属和带金、银边的器皿，仅可使用陶瓷、耐热玻璃、耐热塑料等器皿。 （2）烹调前应先放入转盘支承及玻璃转盘，再将盛好食物的器皿放在玻璃转盘上进行烹调。图4-2所示为餐饮服务人员使用微波炉。 （3）不得直接加热装在密封容器内的液体和其他食物，以免发生爆炸。使用保鲜纸遮盖食物烹调时，需将保鲜纸的一角折上，使蒸汽可以逸出。 当食物在塑料、纸或其他可燃材料制成的简易容器中加热或烹调时，应随时注意，防止起火。烹调少量食物时，要多观察，防止食物过热起火。不得使用微波炉煎、炸食物。微波炉内无食物时，不得使微波炉工作，以免损坏设备。（4）从微波炉内拿出食物和器皿时，应当使用锅夹或戴上隔热手套，以免被高温烫伤。烹调过程中发生冒烟或起火现象时，应立即切断电源，不得立即打开炉门，避免遇空气加大火势。 （5）微波炉内禁止加热不符合微波炉烹饪要求的食品。不得加热和存放任何非食物物品。微波炉炉门或门封损坏以及设备出现异常时，需及时向车辆乘务员反映情况，不得继续使用。 4.冰箱安全操作规定 动车组列车上的冰箱安全操作规定如下： （1）冰箱必须由经过培训并考试合格的人员进行操作。 （2）必须严格执行交接制度。接班人员需确认各部状态良好后，方准进行正常
2017年最新监理规范表格范本
总监理工程师任命书 工程名称：编号：致：（建设单位）兹任命（注册监理工程师注册号：）为我单位项目总监理工程师，负责履行建设工程监理合同、主持项目监理机构工作。 工程监理单位（盖章） 法定代表人（签字） 年月日注：本表一式三份，项目监理机构、建设单位、施工单位各一份
工程开工令 工程名称：编号：致：（施工单位）经审查，本工程已具备施工合同约定的开工条件，现同意你方开始施工，开工日期为年月日。 附件：工程开工报审表 项目监理机构（盖章） 总监理工程师（签字、加盖执业印章） 年月日注：本表一式三份，项目监理机构、建设单位、施工单位各一份
监理通知单 工程名称：编号： 致：（施工项目经理部）事由： 内容： 项目监理机构（盖章） 总/专业监理工程师（签字） 年月日注：本表一式三份，项目监理机构、建设单位、施工单位各一份
监理报告 工程名称：编号： 致：（主管部门）由（施工单位）施工的（施工部位），存在安全事故隐患。我方已于年月日发出编号为的《监理通知单》/《工程暂停令》，但施工单位未整改/停工。 特此报告 附件：□监理通知单 □工程暂停令 □其他 项目监理机构（盖章） 总监理工程师（签字） 年月日注：本表一式四份，主管部门、建设单位、工程监理单位、项目监理机构各一份
工程暂停令 工程名称：编号：致：（施工项目经理部）由于原因，现通知你方于年月日时起，暂停部位（工序）施工，并按下述要求做好后续工作。 要求： 项目监理机构（盖章） 总监理工程师（签字、加盖执业印章） 年月日注：本表一式三份，项目监理机构、建设单位、施工单位各一份
旁站记录 工程名称：编号： 施工单位 旁站的 关键部 位、关键 工序 旁站开始时间年月日时分旁站结束时间年月日时分 旁站的关键部位、关键工序施工情况： 发现的问题及处理情况： 旁站监理人员（签字） 年月日注：本表一式一份，项目监理机构留存。
动车组安全管理办法示范文本
动车组安全管理办法示范 文本 In The Actual Work Production Management, In Order To Ensure The Smooth Progress Of The Process, And Consider The Relationship Between Each Link, The Specific Requirements Of Each Link To Achieve Risk Control And Planning 某某管理中心 XX年XX月
动车组安全管理办法示范文本 使用指引：此管理制度资料应用在实际工作生产管理中为了保障过程顺利推进，同时考虑各个环节之间的关系，每个环节实现的具体要求而进行的风险控制与规划，并将危害降低到最小，文档经过下载可进行自定义修改，请根据实际需求进行调整与使用。 1安全规则 1.1 列车乘务组人员（列车员、保洁员、配餐师、服 务员、车辆机械师、乘警）应当接受列车长统一领导，各 负其责、各司其职，在确保旅客安全的情况下，质量良好 地完成本岗位工作。特殊情况下，按规定也要服从司机统 一指挥。 1.2 客运乘务组人员上岗前必须通过路局培训，段劳 动安全考试合格后，由路局统一颁发上岗证后，方能上 岗。 1.3 列车长、列车员主要承担服务旅客、查验车票、 处理票务、危险品卡控、突发事件应急处理等工作。发生 影响旅客安全问题时，客运乘务组应当立即采取有效措
施，保护旅客生命和财产安全。 1.4 旅客乘降按照“前门下，后门上”分工，特殊情况可通报车站具体变更组织方案。中间站到达前，列车通过列车广播组织旅客在各车厢运行方向前端车门等候下车。车站开车前提前5分钟停止检票，始发站提前20分钟检票放客，列车长提前20分钟（折返站10分钟）按规定通知司机、司机通知机械师开门。到站为低站台时,到站前由列车长组织提前打开车门翻板,并提示附近旅客安全注意事项，开车后及时放平、扣锁翻板；到站为高站台时,车门翻板免开。发车前，由列车长确认旅客乘降完毕后，通知司机关闭车门（哈站始发为开车前2分钟）；用语为“动车XX次司机，旅客乘降完毕，请关闭车门”，司机听到后回答“动车XX次司机明白”，如自动开关门装置故障时，由司机通知随车机械师和列车长；列车长负责组织手动开关车门，随车机械师负责处理相关故障。动车组到站停稳
CRH3型动车组的辅助供电系统
CRH3型动车组的辅助供电系统 CRH3的辅助交流供电系统采用直交形式,由牵引回路的直流环节(3000V)给辅助供电系统提供电源。与CRH1型车相比，CRH3型动车组的辅助供电系统虽然也是采用直一交模式对辅助设备进行供电，但其在设计时充分考虑了乘坐的舒适性和作为客运列车的需要，客车车体内的照明，插座等旅客用电均是由每节车厢自带的逆变器将直流蓄电池总线上的110V直流逆变为交流220V分别提供。其辅助供电系统的供电原理图如下图所示。 CRH3型动车组辅助供电系统原理框图 CRH3共设有4个辅助逆变单元，其中两个为功率为160KV，分别位于车辆的第2和第7节。另外两个逆变单元分别是由两个单台功率为160KV并联而组成的双逆变单元，这两个双逆变单元别位于动车组的第4和第5节车上。其中通风机、压缩机等大功率用电器直接从三相交流母线上取电。在辅助逆变器逆变出440V/60Hz的三相交流电经传输到交流母线后，在每节车厢都设有一个变压器，从三相交流母线上取两相通过变压器变为单相230V/60Hz的单相交流电供给本节车厢的相应设备供电。 下表粗略地归纳了CRH1，CRH2，CRH3和CRH5的辅助供电系统情况 高速动车组辅助供电系统概况 车型辅助供 电系统 结构 辅助供 电 系统总 功 率/kV·A 辅助供电 系统输入电压 交流母线 电压 直流母 线电压 /V 蓄电池 充电机 结构 CRH1直交型 (逆变器 +LC滤波器+降压变压器）740 取自牵引回路 直流环节 DC1650V 三相四线 400V/50Hz 110 三相半 控桥整 流+半桥 式直直 变换器 CRH2 交直交 型 (PWM 整流器+ 逆变器) 410 取自牵引变压 器辅助绕组单 相 AC400V/50Hz 有多种制 式 100 变压器+ 三相二 极管不 控整流 CRH3 直交型 (逆变器 +降压变 960 取自牵引回路 直流环节 DC3000V 三相三线 400V/60Hz 110 同CRH1 的蓄电 池充电
动车组安全管理办法实用版
YF-ED-J7860 可按资料类型定义编号 动车组安全管理办法实用 版 In Order To Ensure The Effective And Safe Operation Of The Department Work Or Production, Relevant Personnel Shall Follow The Procedures In Handling Business Or Operating Equipment. （示范文稿） 二零XX年XX月XX日
动车组安全管理办法实用版 提示：该管理制度文档适合使用于工作中为保证本部门的工作或生产能够有效、安全、稳定地运转而制定的，相关人员在办理业务或操作设备时必须遵循的程序或步骤。下载后可以对文件进行定制修改，请根据实际需要调整使用。 1安全规则 1.1 列车乘务组人员（列车员、保洁员、 配餐师、服务员、车辆机械师、乘警）应当接 受列车长统一领导，各负其责、各司其职，在 确保旅客安全的情况下，质量良好地完成本岗 位工作。特殊情况下，按规定也要服从司机统 一指挥。 1.2 客运乘务组人员上岗前必须通过路局 培训，段劳动安全考试合格后，由路局统一颁 发上岗证后，方能上岗。 1.3 列车长、列车员主要承担服务旅客、
查验车票、处理票务、危险品卡控、突发事件应急处理等工作。发生影响旅客安全问题时，客运乘务组应当立即采取有效措施，保护旅客生命和财产安全。 1.4 旅客乘降按照“前门下，后门上”分工，特殊情况可通报车站具体变更组织方案。中间站到达前，列车通过列车广播组织旅客在各车厢运行方向前端车门等候下车。车站开车前提前5分钟停止检票，始发站提前20分钟检票放客，列车长提前20分钟（折返站10分钟）按规定通知司机、司机通知机械师开门。到站为低站台时,到站前由列车长组织提前打开车门翻板,并提示附近旅客安全注意事项，开车后及时放平、扣锁翻板；到站为高站台时,车门翻板免开。发车前，由列车长确认旅客乘降完