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【知识点】above over below under这四个词用法

【知识点】above over below under这四个词用法
【知识点】above over below under这四个词用法

above over below under这四个词用法

above和over都可表示“高于”,区别为:

above表示“离开某物的上方”,强调高于某一点或某一物体,但不一定在垂直的上方。另外,above还可指温度、数量、年龄等。如:

The temperature will stay above zero in the daytime.白天温度将在零度以上。

There is a light above the table.桌子上方悬挂着一盏灯。(above不强调正上方)

over表示垂直的上方或正上方,两物体之间有一定距离。如:

There is a stone bridge over the river.河上有座石桥。(不能用above)

below与under

区别一

两者都可表示“低于”,under 主要表示垂直在下的正下方,而 below 则不一定表示正下方。

区别二

两者均可表示数量方面的“少于”,但在现代英语中,以用 under 为多见。如:

He can’t be much below [under] sixty. 他的年龄不可能比 60 岁小很多。

There were under forty people at the meeting. 参加会议的人不足 40人。

It took us under an hour. 我们用了不到 1 个小时。

注:在现代英语中,below 表示“少于”,主要用于表示温度、高度以及有纵向标准可比的情况。如:

This place is below sea level. 此地在海平面以下。

The temperature is two degrees below zero. 温度是零下 2 度。

区别三

若表示一物被另一物所覆盖,则通常用 under。如:

She crept in beside him under the bedclothes. 她钻进被窝躺在他身旁。

区别四

表示职位、级别等关系时,用 under 表直接关系,用 below 表非直接关系。比较:

Mr A is under Mr B. A 先生是 B 先生的部下。

Mr A is below Mr B. A 先生比 B 先生职位低。

高考英语考纲重点词汇用法总结

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