第一章 名词性从句
第一章名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一．主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如：
a) It is a pity （that you didn’t go to see the film）. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。
b) It doesn’t interest me（whether you succeed or not）.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。
c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型）
d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型）
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋名词＋从句
It is a fact that …事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) It is ＋形容词＋从句
It is natural that…很自然…
It is strange that…奇怪的是…
(3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句
It seems that…似乎…
It happened that…碰巧…
It appears that…似乎…
(4) It ＋过去分词＋从句
It is reported that…据报道…
It has been proved that…已证实…
It is said that…据说…
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：
（1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
（2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.
错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. （3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.
错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him.
（4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.
错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.
（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely?
4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：
a) （What you said yesterday ）is right.
b) （That she is still alive）is a consolation.(安慰慰藉)
二．宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词) 或介词之后。
1. 作动词的宾语
(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如：
I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：
a) She did not know what had happened.她不知道发生了什么。
b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。
(3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：
She told me that she would accept my invitation.她对我说她会接受我的邀请。
2. 作介词的宾语，例如：
Our success depends upon （how well we can cooperate with one another.）我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。
3. 作形容词的宾语，例如：
I am afraid (that) I’vet made a mistake.我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。
注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。
4. it 可以作为形式宾语
it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如：
We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个月就会结婚了。
5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词
这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn（责难,责备,谴责）, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如：
正确表达：I admire their winning the match.
错误表达：I admire that they won the match.
6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词
有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句”结构中，常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce（指责谴责告发）advise, congratulate等。例如：
正确表达：He impressed the manager as an honest man.
错误表达：He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.
7. 否定的转移
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：
I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
三. 表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋联系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的联系动词有be, look, remain, seem
等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that…和It is because 等结构。例如：
1) The question is （whether we can make good preparation in such a short time）.
2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people.
3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.
4) The reason （why he is late for school）is （that he missed the early bus）.
四. 同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1. 同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：
1) The king’s decision (that the prisoner would be set free) surprised all the people.
2) The order (that all the soldiers should stay still )is given by the general.
2. 同位语在句子中的位置
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：
He got the news from Mary (that the sports meeting was put off.)
3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分,不能省略。
定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that 在从句中作宾语）
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.
（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）
高中英语名词性从句专项练习
1．____he does has nothing to do with me.
A. whatever
B. No matter what
C. That
D. If
2. The manager came over and asked the customer how____
A. did the quarrel came about B .the quarrel had come about
C. had the quarrel come about
D. had the quarrel come about
3. Energy is ____makes thing work..
A. what
B. something
C. anything
D. that
4. Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while
B. that
C. when
D. as
5. This is ___the Shenzhou V Spaceship landed.
A. there
B. in which
C. where
D. when
6. They have no idea at all____.
A. where he has gone
B. where did he go
C. which place has he gone
D. where has he gone
7. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ____he would die of the disease.
A. that
B. which
C. of which
D. of that
8. The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning.
A. that ;had to leave
B. that; should leave
C. /; must leave
D. when; should leave
9. ___is no possibility ____Bob can win the first prize in the match.
A. There; that
B. It; that
C. there; whether
D. It; whether
10. The question came up at the meeting_____ we had enough money for our research.
A. that
B. which
C. whether
D. if
11. Is _____he said really true?
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. whether
12.____the meeting should last two days or three days doesn’t matter.
A. That
B. Whether
C. If
D. Where
13. It worried her a bit _____her hair was turning gray.
A. while
B. if
C. that
D. for
14. _____more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen.
A. Whether
B. This
C. who
D. If
15.____he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us.
A. What
B. That
C. Whether
D. If
16. ____you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What
B. That
C. Who
D. How
17.____all the inventions have in common is ____they have succeeded.
A. What; what
B. That; that
C. what; that
D. That ; what
18. ____appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much.
A. What
B. It
C. All that
D. That
19. It is widely ______that smoking can cause cancer.
A. believed
B. think
C. say
D. hoped
20. ____caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What
B. That
C. How
D. Where
Keys:
1—5 ABABC 6—10 AABAC 11—15 BBCAB 16—20 BCBAA
名词性从句练习题
名词性从句练习题 第一部分： 1. _______ makes his shop different is that it offers more personal services. A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever 2. —It?s thirty years since we last met. —But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _______ we got lost on a rainy night. A. which B. that C. what D. when 3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _______ we did this morning. A. when B. which C. where D. What 4. —Could you do me a favor? —It depends on _______ it is. A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever 5. These shoes look very good. I wonder _______. A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost 6. Doris' success lies in the fact _______ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others. A. which B. that C. when D. why 7. Mary wrote an article on _______ the team had failed to win the game. A. why B. what C. who D. that 8. Do you have any idea _______ is actually going on in the classroom? A. that B. what C. as D. which 9. —Why does she always ask you for help? —There is no one else _______, is there? A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn 10. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _______ it is rough or smooth. A. / B. whether C. how D. what 11. Danny left word with my secretary _______ he would call again in the afternoon.
人教版中考英语复习专题 名词性从句难点总结 练习
人教版中考英语复习专题名词性从句难点总结练习 一、初中英语名词性从句 1．________ manners are very important in every country is known to all，but the trouble is that different countries have different ideas about ________ good manners are. A. That; what B. That; that C. What; that D. What; what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：众说周知，礼貌在每一个国家中都是非常重要的，但是麻烦是，不同的国家对于什么是良好的礼貌有着不同的认识。逗号前有两个谓语动词，一个是are，一个是is known，故是两句话，需填连词连接这两句话，根据句意可知，前面是主语从句，故填that，此处的that，只起连接作用不作任何成分。about是介词，其后是个句子故应填连词把这两句话连接起来，所缺词作are的表语，故填what。因此选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的主语从句和what引导的宾语从句。 2．While some behaviors may seem strange to you, remember you consider normal probably seems just as unusual to others. A. it; that B. what; that C. that; what D. which; that 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：虽然有些行为对你来说可能很奇怪，但请记住，你认为正常的行为对别人来说可能也不寻常。第一空为宾语从句，从句结构完整用that起连接作用，第二空为主语从句，从句中consider缺少宾语，应该用what，故选C。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的宾语从句和what引导的主语从句。 3．Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. no matter what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：一些人认为之前发生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重复发生。Whatever has happened before or is happening now是一个主语从句，whatever既引导起这个主语从句，也在句中做主语。BC项都属于副词的性质，都不能做主语，通常只能做状语；no matter what只能用来引导状语从句，故选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及"特殊疑问词+ever"引导的主语从句。 4．It________that the road will be closed tomorrow for repairs. A. was announced B. has been announced C. had been announced D. would be announced 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。题干句子中that到句子结束是宾语从句，且从句动词用“will＋动词原形”表示将来，由此推断出空白处谓语动词应用现在的某种时态，在所给四个选项中，只有B项正确。
(完整版)名词性从句讲解及专项练习习题及其解答
名词性从句讲解 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化。分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面 1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题 2. 考查引导词that与what的区别 3. 考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法 4. 考查whether与if的区别 5. 考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别 6. 考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题 语法要点剖析 一、名词性从句 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why 1. 主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下： （1）It + be + 名词+ that从句（2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句 （3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句（4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that… 2. 宾语从句 名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。 1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句 由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如： He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。 We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。 注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, demand, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。例如： I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。 The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。 2. 用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。 例如：I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。 She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
名词性从句在写作中的运用
名词性从句在写作中的运用 一用名词性从句连接下句子: 1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet. It worries their parents and teachers a lot. The fact that _________________________________________________（同位语从句） 2.Mr. Smith said a lot on how to learn English. His words gave us a lot of help. What Mr. Smith said _________________________________________________(主语从句) 二用不同的表达完成句子: (1) 众所周知，昨天是汶川地震三周纪念 ①You all know that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday. =I think it known to you all ________________________________________________ =That it was the third ________________________________________________ =It is known to you all that ________________________________________________ =The fact that ________________________________________________
名词性从句专练50题
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名词性从句考点难点
名词性从句的重点、难点、考点： 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 名词性从句的定义:在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 (一）引导名词性从句的连接词 1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。 2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。 3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；as if（好象） 虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。 注意：连词的选用：依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。如果句子中缺主语，指人用who，指物用what；如缺宾语，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where；原因状语用why；方式状语用how；定语用what或which；什么都不缺用that。whether 和if（是否）， 1. It’s not immediately clear ____ the financial crisis will soon be over . A. since B. what C. when D. whether 2. As a new diplomat , he often thinks of _____ he can react more appropriately on such occasions. A. what B. which C. that D. how 3. When asked ____ they need most , the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. \ A. what B. why C. whom D. which 4. The last time we had great fun was ___ we were visiting the Water Park . A. where B. how C. when D. why 5. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s _____the best jobs are . A. where B. what C. when D. why 6._______ you don't like him is none of my business. (上海1992) A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 7.Go and get your coat．It's ____ you left it． A. where B. there C. here where D. where there （二）that在名词性从句中的用法 that 引导名词性从句不充当任何成分，没有具体意义。以下情况that不能省略： 1.主、表、同从句不能省 That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy. It is certain that he will succeed. The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general. The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 2.宾语从句中的that 一般可以省，但以下情况不能： a. 并列宾语从句中第一个that 可以省，后面的都不能省。 I knows (that) he is a worker and that he lives in Shanghai. b.介词in , except 后面的that 不能省。 The reason lies in ______she works harder than others do. The higher income tax is harmful in ______it may discourage people from trying to earn more. c.主句动词后有其它从句插入，或连接词后有其它从句插入，that 不能省。 He judged ______ because he was a child , he didn't understand what he said . Everyone knows ____ happened and_____ she was worried . A that, that B. what, that C. what, / D. that , what d. it 做形式，that做真正的宾语引导从句，that不能省。 I think it difficult ____we finish the task in only one day. A / B. that C. what D. which e.若主句的谓语动词是appear，agree，learn，suggest，observe等时，that通常不可省略。例如：We agreed that all the students must plant trees in the park. 1. China’s success in manned-spacecraft travel shows ____ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research. A. what B. which C. 不填 D. it that （三）、whether与if的辨用 whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但在下列情况下用whether。 a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 e. 介词后的宾语从句 f.后接动词不定式(whether to do sth.)
(完整版)2018年江苏高考英语专题一语法知识：第6讲名词性从句
第6讲名词性从句 1．We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to 20，half of________ it used to charge.(2017·江苏，26) A．that B．which C．what D．how 答案 C 解析考查宾语从句。句意为：我们选择这家旅馆，因为这里一晚的价格降到了20美元，这是它以前要价的一半。从句意看，本句的half of部分在句中作
20的同位语，由此可知这里要用what引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语，同时what在宾语从句中又作charge的宾语，因此选C。2．Every year，________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. (2017·北京，23) A．whatever B．whoever C．whomever D．whichever 答案 B 解析考查主语从句。句意为：每年，在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人会赢得奖品。whoever 无论谁，表泛指，在句中作主语，相当于anyone who。whomever在句中只能作宾语，不合题意；whatever任何……的事物；whichever无论哪个，无论哪些。 3．Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street，not knowing ________ she was heading. (2017·北京，26) A．why B．where C．how D．when 答案 B 解析考查宾语从句。句意为：简沿着绿树成荫的街道漫无目的地走着，并不知道要去哪里。why为什么；how怎样；when什么时候。 4．She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadn’t.(2017·天津，4) A．when B．where C．whether D．what 答案 C 解析考查宾语从句。句意为：她问我是否已将那些书还给了图书馆，我承认还没还。when 什么时候；where在哪里；what什么，均不符合语境。
名词性从句专项练习题精简版
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名词性从句重难点
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名词性从句在写作中的运用讲解学习
名词性从句在写作中 的运用
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名词性从句精讲(讲解+练习)
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名词性从句练习100题(附答案)
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