2013年高考英语(江苏卷)WORD解析版

2013 江苏高考英语试题

解析版

听力部分在试卷最后

第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)

第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题

卡上将该项涂黑。

例:It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.

A. however

B. whatever

C. whichever

D. whenever

答案是B。

21. Generally, students inner motivation with high expectations from others essential to their development.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

22. —The T shirt I received is not the same as is shown online.

—?But I promise you we’ll look into it right away.

A. Who says

B. How come

C. What for

D. Why worry

23. —The town is so beautiful! I just love it.

—Me too. The character of the town is well .

A. qualified

B. preserved

C. decorated

D. simplified

24. Lionel Messi the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the

most talented football player in Europe.

A. set

B. setting

C. to set

D. having set

25. —Could I use your car tomorrow morning?

—Sure. I are port at home.

A. will be writing

B. will have written

C. have written

D. have been writing

26. I am always delighted when I receive an email from you. The party on July 1 st I shall be pleased to attend .

A. On account of

B. In response to

C. In view of

D. With regard to

27. “Never for a second ,”the boy says, “that my father would come to my rescue.”

A. I doubted

B. do I doubt

C. I have doubted

D. did I doubt

28. In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.

A. whatever

B. whoever

C. wherever

D. whichever

29. Team leaders must ensure that all members their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.

A. get over

B. look over

C. takeover

D. come over

30. I should not have laughed if I you were serious.

A. thought

B. would think

C. had thought

D. have thought

31.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and to ruins, the city took on a new look.

A. reducing

B. reduced

C. being reduced

D. having reduced

32. The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China , he remembers

starting as early as his childhood.

A. where

B. which

C. what

D. when

33. With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a

for the better.

A. share

B. chance

C. turn

D. lead

34. —What about your self drive trip yesterday?

—Tiring! The road is being widened, and we a rough ride.

A. had

B. have

C. would have

D. have had

35. —Thank you for the flowers.

— . I thought they might cheer you up.

A. That’s right

B. All right

C. I mall right

D. It’s all right

第二节: 完形填空(共20 小题; 每小题1 分, 满分20 分)

请认真阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并

在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I used to believe in the American Dream, which meant a job, a mortgage (按揭), credit cards, success. I wanted it and worked toward it like everyone else, all of us 36 chasing the same thing.

One year, through a series of unhappy events, it all fell 37 . I found myself homeless and alone. I had my truck and $56. I 38 the countryside for some place I could rent for the 39 possible amount. I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road 40 the Potomac River in West Virginia. It was 41 , full of broken glass and rubbish. I found the owner ,rented it, and 42 a corner to camp in.

The locals knew nothing about me, 43 slowly, they started teaching me the 44 of being a neighbor. They dropped off blankets, candles, and tools, and began 45 around to chat. They started to teach me a belief in a 46 American Dream—not the one of individual achievement but of 47 .

What I had believed in, all those things I thought were 48 for a civilized life, were nonexistent in this place. 49 on the mountain, my most valuable possessions were my 50 with my neighbors.

Four years later, I moved back into 51 . I saw many people were having a really hard time, 52 their jobs and homes. I managed to rent a big enough house to 53 a handful of people .There are four of us now in the house, but over time I’ve had nine people come in and move on to other places. We’d all be in54 if we hadn’t banded toge ther.

The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one. It’s not so much about what I can get for myself; it’s about 55 we can all get by together.

36. A. separately B. equally C. violently D. naturally

37. A. off B. apart C. over D. out

38. A. crossed B. left C. toured D. searched

39. A. fullest B. largest C. fairest D. cheapest

40. A. at B. through C. over D. round

41.A. occupied B. abandoned C. emptied D. robbed

42. A. turned B. approached C. cleared D. cut

43. A. but B. although C. otherwise D. for

44. A. benefit B. lesson C. nature D. art

45. A. sticking B. looking C. swinging D. turning

46. A. wild B. real C. different D. remote

47. A. neighborliness B. happiness C. friendliness D. kindness

48. A. unique B. expensive C. rare D. necessary

49. A. Up B. Down C. Deep D. Along

50. A. cooperation B. relationships C. satisfaction D. appointments

51. A. reality B. society C. town D. life

52.A. creating B. losing C. quitting D. offering

53. A. put in B. turn in C. take in D. get in

54. A. yards B. shelters C. camps D. cottages

55. A. when B. what C. whether D. how

第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

56. The leaflet is to inform visitors of the Park’s________

A. advanced management

B. thrill performances

C. entertainment facilities

D. thoughtful services

57. A visitor to the Park can________.

A. rent a stroller outside Front Gate

B. ask for first aid by Thunder Run

C. smoke in the Water Park

D. leave his pet at KidZville

的结构，“使某人做某事”。

B

We’ve considered several ways of paying to cut inline: hiring line standers, buying tickets from scalpers (票贩子), or purchasing line cutting privileges directly from, say, an airline or an amusement park. Each of these deals replaces the morals of the queue (waiting your turn) with the morals of the market (paying a price for faster service).

Markets and queues—paying and waiting—are two different ways of allocating things, and each is appropriate to different activities. The morals of the queue, “First come, first served,”have an egalitarian(平等主义的) appeal. They tell us to ignore privilege, power, and deep pockets.

The principle seems right on play grounds and at bus stops. But the morals of the queue do not govern all occasions. If I put my house up for sale, I have no duty to accept the first offer that comes along, simply because it’s the first. Selling my house and waiting for a bus are different activities, properly governed by different standards.

Sometimes standards change, and it is unclear which principle should apply. Think of the recorded message you hear, played over and over, as you wait on hold when calling your bank:“Your call will be answered in the order in which it was received.”This is essential for the morals of the queue. It’s as if th ecompany is trying to ease our impatience with fairness.

But don’t take the recorded message too seriously. Today, some people’s calls are answered faster than others. Call center technology enables companies to“score”incoming call sand to give faster service to those that come from rich places. You might call this telephonic queue jumping.

Of course, markets and queues are not the only ways of allocating things. Some goods we distribute by merit, others by need, still others by chance. However, the tendency of markets to replace queues, and other non-market ways of allocating goods is so common in modern life that we scarcely notice it anymore. It is striking that most of the

paid queue-jumping schemes we’ve considered—at airports and amusement parks, in call centers, doctors’offices, and national parks—are recent developments, scarcely imaginable three decades ago. The disappearance of the queues in these places may seem an unusual concern, but these are not the only places that markets have entered.

58. According to the author, which of the following seems governed by the principle“First come, first served”?

A. Taking buses.

B. Buying houses.

C. Flying with an airline.

D. Visiting amusement parks.

59. The example of the recorded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates.

A. the necessity of patience in queuing

B. the advantage of modern technology

C. the uncertainty of allocation principle

D. the fairness of telephonic services

60. The passage is meant to .

A. justify paying for faster services

B. discuss the morals of allocating things

C. analyze the reason for standing in line

D. criticize the behavior of queue jumping

C

If a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends.Nitrogen(氮) dissolved(溶解)

in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure.

The consequence, if the bubbles (气泡)accumulate in a joint, is

sharp pain and abent body—thus the name.If the bubbles form

in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death.

Other air-breathing animals also suffer this

decompression(减压) sickness if they surface too fast: whales,

for example. And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs. That these

ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their

bones. If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply. This kills the cells in the bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil (化石)bones that have caved in on them selves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.

Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knewall this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years. To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world’s natural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.

When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen(标本) showed evidence of that sort of injury.

If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means, they clearly did so quickly—and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr Rothschild thinks happened. He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.

Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (捕食动物) such as a large shark. One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark- and crocodile-free. In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey(猎物) as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.

61. Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends?

A. A twisted body.

B. A gradual decrease in blood supply.

C. A sudden release of nitrogen in blood.

D. A drop in blood pressure.

62. The purpose of Rothschild’s study is to see________ .

A. how often ichthyosaurs caught the bends

B. how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompression

C. why ichthyosaurs bent their bodies

D. when ichthyosaurs broke their bones

63. Rothschild’sfindingstatedinParagraph4 .

A. confirmed his assumption

B. speeded up hisresearch process

C. disagreed with his assumption

D. changed his research objectives

64. Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs.

A. failed to evolve an anti decompression means

B. gradually developed measures against the bends

C. died out because of large sharks and crocodiles

D. evolved an anti decompression means but soon lost it

D

Mark Twain has been called the inventor of the American novel. And he surely deserves additional praise: the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.

I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War. H. B. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin is only the most famous example. These early stories dealt directly with slavery. With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.

Again and again, in the postwar years, Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race. Consider the most controversial, at least today, of Twain’s novels, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn, Twain’s most widely read tale. Once upon a time, people hated the book because it struckthemas rude. Twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums(贫民窟).”More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many occurrences of the word nigger. (The term Nigger Jim, for which the novel is often severely criticized, never appears in it.)

But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the point. The novel is strongly anti-slavery. Jim’s search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic. As J. Chadwick has pointed out, the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities, “the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual: Jim, the father and the man.”

There is much more. Twain’s mystery novel Pudd’nhead Wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day. Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior (低等的) to whites, especially in intelligence, Twain’s tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth. A slave gave birth to her master’s baby and, for fear that the child should be sold South, switched him for the master’s baby by his wife. The slave’s light-skinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave-holding class. The master’s wife’s baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.

The point was difficult to miss: nurture (养育), not nature, was the key to social status. The features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudice—manner of speech, for example—were, to Twain, indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.

Twain’s racial tone was not perfect. One is left uneasy, for example, by the lengthy passage in his autobiography (自传) about how much he loved what were called “nigger shows”in his youth—mostly with white men performing in black-face—and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them. Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality. His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.

Was Twain a racist? Asking the questioning the 21 stcentury is as wise as asking the same of Lincoln. If we read the words and attitudes of the past through the “wisdom”of the considered moral judgments of the present, we will find nothing but error. Lincoln,

who believed the black man the inferior of the white, fought and won a war to free him. And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a soldier, and inventor of Jim, may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.

65. How do Twain’s novels on slavery differ from Stowes?

A. Twain was more willing to deal with racism.

B. Twain’s attack on racism was much less open.

C. Twain’s themes seemed to agree with plots.

D. Twain was openly concerned with racism.

66. Recent criticism of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn arose partly from its_____.

A. target readers at the bottom

B. anti slavery attitude

C. rather impolite language

D. frequent use of “nigger”

67. What best proves Twain’s anti slavery stand according to the author?

A. Jim’s search for his family was described in detail.

B. The slave’s voice was first heard in American novels.

C. Jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.

D. Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.

68. The story of two babies switched mainly indicates that .

A. slaves were forced to give up their babies to their masters

B. slaves babies could pickup slave holders‵way of speaking

C. blacks‵social position was shaped by how they were brought up

D. blacks were born with certain features of prejudice

69. What does the under lined word“they” in Paragraph 7 refer to?

A. The attacks.

B. Slavery and prejudice.

C. White men.

D. The shows.

70. What does the author mainly argue for?

A. Twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.

B. Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln.

C. Twain’s works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.

D. Twain s works should be read from a historical point of view.

第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个

．．最恰当的单词。

注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

Quiet Virtue: The Conscientious

The everyday signs of conscientiousness (认真尽责)—being punctual, careful in doing work, self-disciplined, and scrupulous ( 一丝不苟的) in attending to responsibilities—are typical characteristics of the model organizational citizen, the people who keep things running as they should. They follow the rules, help out, and are concerned about the people they work with. It’s the conscientious worker who helps newcomers or updates people who return after an absence, who gets to work on time and never abuses sick leaves, who always gets things done on deadline.

Conscientiousness is a key to success in any field. In studies of job performance, outstanding effectiveness for almost all jobs, from semi鄄skilled labor to sales and management, depends on conscientiousness. It is particularly important for outstanding

performance in jobs at the lower levels of an organization: the secretary whose message taking is perfect, the delivery truck driver who is always on time.

Among sales representatives for a large American car manufacturer, those who were most conscientious had the largest volume of sales. Conscientiousness also offers a buffer (缓冲) against the threat of job loss in today’s constantly changing market, because employees with this quality are among the most valued. For the sales representatives, their level of conscientiousness mattered almost as much as their sales in determining who stayed on.

There is an air around highly conscientious people that makes them seem even better than they actually are. Their reputation for dependability influences managers爷evaluations of their work, giving them higher evaluations than objective measures of their performance would predict.

But conscientiousness in the absence of social skills can lead to problems. Since conscientious people demand so much of themselves, they can hold other people to their own standards, and so be overly judgmental when others don爷t show the same high levels of model behavior. Factory workers in Great Britain and the United States who were extremely conscientious, for example, tended to criticize co-workers even about failures that seemed unimportant to those they criticized, which damaged their relationships. When conscientiousness takes the form of living up to expectations, it can discourage creativity. In creative professions like art or advertising, openness to wild ideas and spontaneity (自发性) are scarce and in demand. Success in such occupations calls for a balance, however; without enough conscientiousness to follow through, people become mere dreamers, with nothing to show for their imaginativeness.

2018年高考江苏卷英语答案解析

2018年江苏高考英语试题答案解析 21.By boat is the only way to get here,which is_______we arrived. A.where B.when C.why D.how 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知，后面为表语从句。分析句意可知，这里用连接副词how引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。故选D。 拓展：本题考查表语。首先需要弄清句意及分析句子结构，然后根据前句By boat is the only way to get here提示可知作方式状语，就不难选出正确答案。 22.Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might_______the things they see. A.indicate B.investigate C.imitate D.innovate 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：孩子不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。A.indicate指示；B.investigate调查；C.imitate模仿；D.innovate改革。故选C。 拓展：本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生在平时学习过程中要注重动词和动词短语的识记与掌握。 23.Self-driving is an area_______China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. A.that B.where C.which D.when 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。拓展：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1.找准先行词。2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。

2004年江苏高考英语试卷及答案

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