[实用参考]大学英语1-1

1．Ifstudentsarenotsatisfiedwiththeirgrades,shouldthecollegeallowthemtonegotiategradeswith theirprofessors?

如果学生对他们的成绩不满意，学院应该允许他们和他们的教授谈判成绩吗？2．HewillnoteasilPgiveupandwillcontinuehispursuitofhappiness.

他不会轻易放弃，会继续追求幸福。

3.Theprofessorhasjustcomeoutwithanewbookonwarandworldpolitics.

教授刚出版了一本关于战争和世界政治的新书。

4.Thereportsofterrorattacksinweresplashedacrossnewspapersandwebsites.

恐怖袭击的报道在报纸和网站上引起了广泛关注。

5.WewaitedforPhilfortwohours,buthedidnotshowup.Wehadtocanceltheappointment.

我们等了Phil两个小时，但他没有出现。我们不得不取消约会。

6.SettinggoalscanhelptostrengthenPourmotivationandtakechargeofPourlife.

设定目标有助于增强你的动力并掌控你的生活。

7.Anarmsracereferstoacompetitionbetweencountriestoproducemoreandbetterweaponsduringpe acetime.

军备竞赛是指各国在和平时期生产更多更好武器的竞争。

8.What’sdoneisdone.Believeme!P ou’llfeellesspaininlifeif Poulearntoletgo.

所做的事已做完。相信我！如果你学会放手，你会感到更少的痛苦。

9.ThequestionsweresoelementarPthatheeasilPpassedthetest.

这些问题太简单了，他轻而易举地通过了考试。

10.Iwasn’treall Pinterestedinmath,butImuddledthrough.

我对数学不是很感兴趣，但我糊里糊涂地通过了。

11.Howdeterminedoneistoachieveone’sdreamisclearl Pasignthatcanbeusedtopredictsuccess.

如何确定一个人实现梦想显然是一个可以用来预测成功的标志。

12.Ifweknowanearthquakeinadvanceandmakecarefulpreparations,thelossoflivescouldbeavoide

d.

如果我们事先知道地震并做了周密的准备，生命的损失是可以避免的。

13.Peopleusedtobelievethatwhenanearthquaketookplace,thegroundopened,swallowedgreatnu mberofpeople,andthenitclosed.

过去人们认为当地震发生时，地面打开，吞噬了大量的人，然后关闭。

14.I’matechfanand bigonAppleproductsfortheircooldesigns.

我是个技术迷，热衷于苹果产品的酷设计。

15.ItisreportedthatmillionsofpeopleinthearenotcoveredbPhealthinsurance.

据报道，数以百万计的人没有医疗保险。

16.I’mreall Pfeelingembarrassed.IwishIhadneversaidsuchstupidthingsinthepresenceofmPfriend .

我真的很尴尬。我真希望我在朋友面前从未说过这样愚蠢的话。

17.Makingmistakesisinevitableasonegrowsup.Whatisimportantistolearnfromthem.

长大后犯错误是不可避免的。重要的是向他们学习。

18.BepositiveaboutPourselfandseeamazingthingsPouhaveachieved.Inotherwords,believeinPou rself.

积极面对自己，看到你所取得的惊人成就。换句话说，相信自己。

19.FreshmenneedtolearnhowtoactintherightwaPsothatthePcanenjoPtheirsocialliveswithoutruin ingtheirstudies.

大学新生需要学会如何正确地行动，这样他们才能在不破坏学业的情况下享受社会生活。

20.WeshouldfeelgratefulthatverPfewofuswillsuffersuchabadnaturaldisaster.

我们很感激我们中很少有人会遭受如此糟糕的自然灾害。

21.Ourprofessormeetshisadvancedstudentsonceaweektoholda(n)seminaronadultdevelopment. HealwaPsinvitesustoattendittoo.

我们的教授每周和他的高级学生见面，举办一次关于成人发展的研讨会。他总是邀请我们也参加。

22.Thetrainmustberunninglate;weshouldhavegottobPnow.

火车一定晚点了，我们现在该走了。

23.CorporateeGecutivesusuallPhavehighsalaries.

公司高管通常薪水很高。

24.RefugeeswhocannotreturntotheircountrPoforiginwillhavetoberesettledinothercountries.

难民不能返回他们的原籍国将不得不被重新安置在其他国家。

25.ReflectingonmP pastlanguagelearningeGperiences,I’vecometorealizethatpracticemakeperfe ct.

反思我过去的语言学习经历，我逐渐认识到实践是完美的。

26.IthoughtVivian,mPclosefriend,wouldhelpmewithmPassignment,butIwasreallPembarrassed bPherimmediaterefusal.

我以为我的好朋友维维安会帮我做作业，但我对她的立即拒绝感到很尴尬。

27.Theoldmanhasalargecollectionofpersonalstories,photosanditemsfromtheJewswhowerekille dbPtheNazi.

这位老人有大量的个人故事、照片和来自纳粹杀害的犹太人的物品。

28.I’llfindajobandbecomeaskilledworkeraftergraduatingfromcollege.Ihaveno motivationforgoi ngtograduateschool.

大学毕业后，我会找一份工作，成为一名熟练工人。我没有去读研究生的动机。

29.Sincethedebate,itseemsthatDr.Smith’spointofviewhas takenover.

自辩论以来，史米斯博士的观点似乎已被采纳。

30.Atcollege,therearealotofopportunitiesforstudentstotrPnewthings.

在大学里，有很多机会让学生去尝试新事物。

31.ThepartPreallPcametolifeonceagainwhenthehugebirthdaPcakewasserved.

当大生日蛋糕送达时，晚会再次活跃起来。

32.AfterWorldWarII,womengavebirthto77millionbabiesinthe,andthebirthratereachedarecordhi gh.

第二次世界大战后，妇女生了7700万个孩子，出生率达到了历史最高水平。

33.HundredsandthousandsofpeoplefledtheircountrPafterthecivilwarbrokeoutin.

内战爆发后，成千上万的人逃离了他们的国家。

34.PeoplewithdisabilitieswanttobetreatedlikeeverPoneelseandgivenequalopportunities.ThePdo notwantsPmpathP.

残疾人希望得到和其他人一样的待遇，得到平等的机会。他们不想要同情。

35.Ittakesalittlewhileforfreshmentogetusedtotheircollegelifeandlearntobalancetheirstudiesands ociallives.

大学新生需要一段时间来适应他们的大学生活，学会平衡学习和社交生活。

36.IwastoldthatmP computerwasn’tpowerfulenoughtorunthat software.

有人告诉我，我的电脑不够强大，无法运行那个软件。

37.TheresearchersareconcernedabouttheincreasingfrequencPoftheillnessinthevillage.

研究人员担心村庄里疾病的频率越来越高。

38.ImadeupmPmindtostudPcomputerscience,andbecamehooked.

我下决心学计算机科学，后来迷上了电脑。

39.Withoutdoubt,civiliansaregoingtosuffergreatlossesinwar.

毫无疑问，平民将在战争中蒙受巨大损失。

40.TheearthquakethatoccurredinonAugust17,1959wasmassiveandverPstrong.

1959年8月17日发生的地震是巨大而强烈的。

41.EncrPptionshouldbeusedwhenasecretmessageisdeliveredonline.

加密应该被使用当秘密消息在线提供时。

42.BabPboomersrefertothosebornafterWorldWarIIwhenbirthssurgedin.

婴儿潮一代指出生后第二次世界大战时出生人数激增的人。

43.NowadaPs,thepriceofhiringateacherisverPhigh.SomanPparentschoosetotutortheirkids.

现在聘请教师的价格很高。这么多家长选择辅导孩子。

44.Rememberwhatourprofessorsaid.IfPoufailtocompletePourassignmentsontime,PoumaPlosep ointsforPoufinalgrade.

记住我们教授说的话。如果你不能按时完成作业，你可能会因为期末成绩而失分。45.Learntolistentocriticismbutdon’tget crushedbPit.

学会倾听批评，但不要被批评压垮。

46.TheideaforholdingthefestivalinLosAngleswasputforwardPearsago.

在洛杉矶举办节日的想法早在几年前就提出了。

47.Whenwe’re Poung,wetakerisksandmaPfail.However,weshouldkeepchasingourdreamsandne vergiveup.

当我们年轻的时候，我们冒险并且可能失败。然而，我们应该继续追逐我们的梦想，永不放弃。

48.HundredsandthousandsofpeopleescapedoutoftheircountrPafterthecivilwarbrokeoutin.

内战爆发后，成千上万的人逃离了他们的国家。

49.CitPlibrarieshaveonlP10%ofthetrafficthatcarwasheshave.

城市图书馆只有10%的洗车服务。

50.TheAmericangirlremainseGcitedoverherfirsttriptoseveraldaPsafterherreturn.ShesaP s,“I’ms tillindisbelief.”

这名美国女孩在回国后的几天里第一次感到兴奋。她说，“我仍然不相信。”

51.OvertimeStevenSpielberggainedfameasadirectorandmadeitbiginthefilmindustrP.

随着时间的推移，史蒂文斯皮尔伯格获得了导演的名声，并在电影界大获成功。

52.Sinceseriousearthquakesgiverisetofires,floodsandlandslides,peoplearefrightenedbPearthqua ke.

由于严重的地震引起火灾、洪水和山崩，人们受到地震的惊吓。

53.ThedoctortriedtopreventtheinfectionspreadingtootherpartsofthebodP.

医生设法防止感染扩散到身体的其他部位。

54.ThearteGhibitionisgreat;it’sapit PP oudon’th avetimetogotherebutPoucanseeitonPourcomput erscreen.

艺术展览很棒，可惜你没有时间去那里，但你可以在电脑屏幕上看到。

55.TheuniversitPhasanOfficeofInformationTechnologP.WhP don’twecallthemto complainabou t theInternetconnection?Weoftencan’tgetonlineinourdorm.

这所大学有一个信息技术办公室。我们为什么不打电话投诉他们的网络连接呢？我们经常不能在宿舍上网。

56.DuringtheColdWarPearsofthelastcenturP,maderemarkableachievementsindevelopingnucle arweapons.

在上个世纪的冷战年代，发展核武器取得了举世瞩目的成就。

57.StudentwhothinkthePhavepaidandcanpasseGamsbPrighthavecometocollegewitha(n)misgui dedbelief.ThePmustearngrades.

那些认为自己已经通过了考试并能通过考试的学生却被误导了。他们必须取得成绩。

58.I’venever setfootinthelittlerestaurantagain!Theirfoodmademesick.

我再也没踏进那家小饭馆！他们的食物使我恶心。

59.DuringtheairattacksbPGermanNazis,LondonerstookrefugeintheUndergroundstations.

在德国纳粹的空袭中，伦敦人躲到了地铁站。

60.IfPouaskmewhatismPmotivation forbecomingateacher,IthinkI’vealwa Psdreamedofbecomin gonebecauseteachingisacreativejob.

如果你问我成为一名教师的动机是什么，我想我一直梦想成为一名教师，因为教书是一项创造性的工作。

61.GoodteachersshouldencouragestudentstousetheircreativitPtoeGpressthemselvesandmaketh emfeelproudofwhatthePcanachieve.

好的教师应该鼓励学生运用他们的创造力来表达自己，让他们为自己所能取得的成就感到自豪。

62.TheMinisterofEducationisvisitingourcampus,accompaniedbPouruniversitPpresident.

教育部长在我们大学校长的陪同下参观了我们的校园。

63.BemoreconcernedwithPourcharacterthanPourappearance,becausePourcharacteriswhatPour eallParewhilePourappearanceisjustwhatPoulooklike.

要比外表更关注你的性格，因为你的性格就是你真正的样子，而你的外表正是你的样子。

64.SettingagoalandgoingallthewaP toachieveitcanbeagreattestofone’swillandperseverance.

设定一个目标并全力以赴去实现它，这将是对毅力和毅力的一次巨大考验。

65.Agreatpianistdoesnotsucceedovernight.Hisskillsaredevelopedovertime.

伟大的钢琴家不会一夜成名。他的技能随着时间的推移而不断发展。

66.SomepartsoftheeartharemorelikelPtohaveearthquakesthanotherparts.

地球的某些地方比其他地区更容易发生地震。

67.OuruniversitPenrollsmorestudentsthanourcitP’sothertwocolleges combined.

我们的大学招收的比我们城市的其他两所高校联合更多的学生。

68.I’vemadenewfriendsandam doingwell atcollege.IthinkI’menjo Pingbeingacollegestudent.

我交了新朋友，在大学里表现很好。我觉得我很喜欢当大学生。

69.AnPonewhowantstocomplainaboutunfairtreatmentmustsubmitawrittenreporttothecommitte

e.

任何想投诉不公平待遇的人都必须向委员会提交书面报告。

70.ThisisapreciousphotoofmPfamilP.NowbeautifullPframed,itstandsonmPdesk.

这是我家人的珍贵照片。现在框得很漂亮，它放在我的书桌上。

71.InthetwothirdsofstudentspaPforcollegethroughloansandwillhavetopaPthembackwithinterest aftergraduation.

三分之二的学生通过贷款支付大学学费，毕业后必须偿还利息。

72.Lifeisfullofchallenges.Weshouldbestrongenoughtofaceuptothem.

生活充满挑战。我们应该有足够的力量去面对他们。

73.GoingtocollegemeanshavingtomakecertaindecisionsthatstudentshaveneverreallPhadtomake before.

上大学意味着必须做出一些学生以前从未真正做出过的决定。

74.AllTVentertainmentshowshavebeencancelledbecausethisisaspecialdaPforthestatememorial servicein.

所有的电视娱乐节目都取消了，因为这是国家追悼会的一个特殊日子。

75.Severalstudentshavereportedthelossofvaluablesintheirdorms.Policearenowinvestigatingthes eseriousincidents.

有几个学生报告说宿舍里丢了贵重物品。警方正在调查这些严重事件。

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语的拓展课程系列。学生顺序修读完大学英语基础阶段的课程后，在听力理解、口语表达和阅读理解等方面已经达到一般要求的英语能力，并能够在认知的基础上学会熟练运用英语，然后可根据自身情况选修本课程。 本课程拟系统全面地讲述了英语写作方面的基本知识和基本技巧。文稿格式部分简介文稿的安排、移行；字母的大写；标点的基本用法。措辞部分讨论词的类型：正式、非正式、俚语、地方语、口语、术语；词的本义和引申义；一般和特殊、抽象和具体的词汇；习语；英语中主要的修辞手法。句子部分包括完整句和不完整句；句子的类型；句子的统一、连贯、简洁、直接、强调、多样化；句式变换。完整作文部分包括：写作步骤；组织结构；文章体裁。 3. 课程与其他课程的关系： 实用英语写作为大学英语拓展课程系列的语言技能课程。学生顺序修读完大学英语基础阶段的课程后方可进行本课程的学习。 二、课程目标 1.知识目标 学习本课程后，学生能够掌握英语句群、段落及篇章写作的基本技巧，能够通过运用所学知识及有关资料，写作说明文、议论文和应用文等各类体裁的英语文章。 2.能力目标 学习本课程后，学生能够掌握汉英两种语言写作篇章的特点；能够针对不同话题的写作任务写出说明文和议论文等各类体裁的文章；能够梳理出自己在英文写作过程中的难点，并找出相应的提高对策；在写作中体现出跨文化交际能力。 3.素质目标 通过本课程的学习，学生能够深化对英汉两种语言的认知，养成良好的英文写作习惯；提高语言运用能力、跨文化交际能力、查阅文献资料的能力；深化作为语言工 - 8 -

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Language teachers often offer advice to language learners: “Read as much as you can in the new language.”“ Practice speaking the language every day. ”“Live with people who speak the language.”“Don’t translate-try to think in the new language.”“ Learn as a child would learn; play with the language.” But what does a successful language learner do? Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways. First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again.

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https://www.wendangku.net/doc/057111783.html,posed 2.severe 3.agony 4.extraordinary 5.recall https://www.wendangku.net/doc/057111783.html,mand 7.was violating 8.anticipate Ⅲ.Collocation 1.at 2.for 3.of 4.with 5.as 6.about 7.to 8.in; in 9.from 10.on/upon Comprehensive Exercises Ⅰ.Cloze Text-related (1).hold back (2).tedious (3).scanned (4).recall (5).vivid (6).off and on (7).turn out/in (8).career Theme-related (1).last (2).surprise (3).pull (4).blowing (5). dressed (6).scene (7).extraordinary (8).image (9).turn (10).excitement Ⅱ.Translation 1.A s it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2.H is girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took

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Chapter one—Principles of Business Communication 4C原则：Conciseness(简洁), Clarity（明晰）, Correctness（准确），Courtesy(礼貌) Effective written workplace communication needs to show: ● A style which is clear and concise（conciseness, clarity） ● A tone which is polite but not overly modest (courtesy) ● A presentation which contains no errors of format and language (correctness) Workplace writing types: ●Informative writing: inform the reader about a product or service The aim is to improve understanding. ●Persuasive writing: persuade the reader that this product or service is a good one and worth buying The aim is to stimulate emotions and develop enthusiasm. Levels of formality in business communication: ●Bottom-up communication: To a superior=more formal ●Top-down communication: From a superior=more formal ●Sideways communication: To and from people of same rank=less formal Chapter two—Writing Memos Memos writing guidelines: A memo (memorandum) is an administrative document. It ●Is used only for communication within a company. It is an intra-company document and is not used for inter-company communication ●May be distributed top-down ( from superiors to subordinates) or bottom-up ( from subordinates to superiors) ●Deal with a single topic ●Names its sender(s) and recipient(s) clearly ●Has short, easily readable paragraphs ●May have sub-headings and numbered sub-sections ●May be distributed electronically or in hard copy Using the right language is not only a question of selecting correct vocabulary and grammar. Speakers and writing also need to take into account: ●who they are addressing( the audience) ●why they are speaking or writing( the purpose) ●how they are communicating( the method) Using formal language increase the ‘social distance’between a sender and a recipient. Informal language reduces this distance. Chapter three—Writing Letters of Request

大学英语语法及练习

大学英语语法及练习 第一讲虚拟语气 I. 考点分析：分四级语法复习 虚拟语气是动词的特殊形式，用来表达说话人的意愿、建议、请求、意图、惊奇、设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况，以及在说话人看来实现的可能性很小的情况。 虚拟语气是非常重要的语法考点。考查历届四级试题，我们发现与虚拟语气有关的考题每次至少2题，有时甚至3-4题。虚拟语气的考查要点有： 1. 虚拟语气的形式：分清虚拟时间和主从句的动词形式十分重要，因此我们把所有虚拟语气的不同类型列表归纳并进行对比，以便于同学们记忆掌握。 2. 要注意从句中第一/三人称的过去式was用were代替。 例如：If I were invited, I would come. If she were not ill, she could do a lot of things. 3. if条件句中如谓语动词是were, had, should, could时，可以省略if, 把它们前置。 例如：Had my father a lot of money, he would send me abroad. Could I do it, I would surely do it.

Should the Black Death reappear, what should we do?（万一黑死病再次出现，我们该怎么办？）4. 错综时间的条件句是难点，如99年1月第60题: If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you wouldn’t be smiling now.（从句用过去完成时，主句用现在进行时） 又如：If I were you, I would have gone to the film last night.(从句虚拟现在，主句虚拟过去)；If we hadn’t got everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.(从句虚拟过去，主句虚拟将来)； If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.(从句虚拟过去，主句虚拟现在) 5. 虚拟句的另一难点是省略if条件句的含蓄条件句，如：I would have written the paper before, but I have been ill.(=If I had not been ill, I would have written the paper before.); A true friend would have acted differently. (=A friend, if he had been true, would have acted differently.) 6. 注意介词短语without, but for, in the absence等表示虚拟条件。 例如：Without electricity, there would be no modern industry.没有电就不会有现代工业。 But for your cooperation, we could not have succeeded in our experiment.没有你们的帮助，我们的实验时不可能成功的。 7.“Were it not for/Had it not been for+宾语”或“But that+从句”表示假设条件。 例如：Were it not for their assistance, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties. Had it not been for the reservoir, we’d never have been able to beat the drought. But that he saw it (=If he had not seen it), he could not have believed it. 8.providing, providing (that), on condition that, suppose, supposing引导的条件从句中，根据语意，可以用虚拟语气，有可以用述语气。 9.常见的引导宾语从句须用虚拟语气的动词有：advice, agree, command, decide, demand, determine, direct（命 令）insist, order, prefer, propose, request, require, resolve, suggest, urge, move(提议，动议)等；例如：The United Nations urged that he (should) withdraw his troops. （联合国敦促他撤军。） 10．常见的引导同位语从句或表语从句须用虚拟语气的名词有：advice, command, desire, determination, idea, motion, order, preference, recommendation, suggestion, insistence, proposals, request, requirement等； 例如：The suggestion that he be invited was rejected. (用于同位语从句) 邀请他的建议被否决了。 Their demand is that their wages be increased by 20%. (用于表语从句) 他们的要工资增加20%。 11．用在主语从句中时其结构通常为“It is/was + 形容词或过去分词+主语从句（用虚拟语气）”，例如：It is necessary that you should be present at the discussion.你有必要参加讨论。 It was ordered that the medicines be sent here by plane. 根据命令，那些药品必须空运到这儿。 常见的这类形容词、分词还有：advisable（合理的）, anxious(急切的), appropriate（合适的）, compulsory （强制的）, crucial(紧要关头的)，desirable（理想的）, eager, essential（必要的）, imperative(迫切的), important （重要的）, impossible（不可能的）, improper（不合适的）, natural（自然的）, obligatory(必须履行的)，preferable （更好的）, proper（合适的）, strange（奇怪的）urgent（紧迫的）, vital（至关重要的）, demanded（要求的）, required（要求的）, suggested（建议的）, desired（希望的）等。 II. 历届四级试题中的虚拟语气： 1. That tree looked as if it ______ for a long time. (93/1/52) A) hasn’t watered B) didn’t water C) hadn’t been watered D) wasn’t watered 2. It’s necessary ______ the dictionary immediately. (93/1/68) A) that he will return B) that he returned C) that he return D) that he has to return 3. We desire that the tour leader ______ us immediately of any change in plans. (93/6/48) A) inform B) informs C) informed D) has informed 4. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ______ your advice. (93/6/70) A) follow B) had followed C)would follow D) have followed