虚拟语气(配套导学案)

Subjunctive Mood (虚拟语气)学案

学习目标:

1. 学习虚拟语气在非真实条件句的用法；

2. 学会使用可接虚拟语气的部分词或词组：wish, if, as though,as if, would rather;

3. 学会使用虚拟语气在具体情境中表达愿望及假设；

4. 能够何判断虚拟语气，并采用“后退一步法”确定正确的动词形式。

学习重点&难点：

1. 学会使用虚拟语气在具体情境中表达愿望及假设；

2. 如何判断虚拟语气，并采用“后退一步法”确定正确的动词形式。

◆一、学前尝试：

1. If I ___you, I would accept the terms and conditions of the employment. (2013单招)

A.be

B.were

C.am

D.are

2. John’s face looked so pale, and his doctor suggested that he ___ a medicine examination. (2012单招)

A.would have

B.have

C.had

D. has

3. If you___my advise, you would have got the tickets for the Cup Final. (2011单招)

A.have taken

B.take

C.had taken

D. took

4.You ___ here earlier. Now, you see, all the tickets for the concerts are sold out.

A.must have come

B.ought have come

C.should come

D.should have come

5.____ my advise, you would have passed the interview.

A.had you taken

B.you had taken

C.if you take

D. if you have taken

◆二、定义：

尝试把下列的句子分成三类

1).Let’s have a talk.

2).Don’t jump in the queue.

4).If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky freely.

3).What a splendid palace!

5).We would have won, if Jack had scored that goal.

6).I am not interested in what you said.

7).Have you ever been to France?

句_____ ______ ______是陈述语气: 用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、

疑问或感叹等形式。

句_____ ______ ______是祈使语气: 用来表示请求、要求、命令、警告或劝告等。

句_____ ______ ______是________________: 用来表示说的话不是事实, 或者是不可能发生的情况, 而是一种愿望, 建议或与事实相反的假设的语气。

英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气: __________ ___________ ___________。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。◆三、观察 & 思考

1. 含有wish的宾语从句中的虚拟语气

翻译下列句子，观察句式规律。

1).I wish I were a kid again.

2).I wish they didn’t hear of the news.

3).The party was boring. I wish I hadn’t gone to it.

4).I wish it would snow tomorrow.

总结：含有wish的宾语从句中的虚拟语气wish +从句

时间从句的谓语形式

现在

过去

将来

2. If 引导的条件句

翻译下列句子，观察句式规律。

1).If I were at school again, I would work harder.

2).If I had time, I should attend the lecture.

3).If it had not been for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work so quickly.

4).If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.

5).If I should be an astronaut one day, I would fly to the moon.

6).If I were to fly to the moon, I would take my dog with me.

7). If my dog stayed with me, I wouldn’t feel so lonely.

总结：if引导的条件状语从句中的虚拟语气时间if从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在

过去

将来

3. as if\as though从句中的虚拟语气

翻译下列句子，观察句式规律。

1).I feel as if we had known each other for years.

2).It looks as if she were sick.

3).He looks as if he would help her at once.

总结：as if\as though从句中的虚拟语气

as if\as though+从句

时间先后从句中的谓语形式从句动作发生在主句之前

从句动作和主句动作同时发生

从句动作发生在主句之后

4. would rather中的虚拟语气

翻译下列句子，观察句式规律。

1).I would rather you paid me now.

2).Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow.

3).I would rather you hadn’t let out that secret.

总结：would rather句型中的虚拟语气

would rather+

从句

时间从句中的谓语形式现在\将来

过去

◆四、课堂操练

A. 造句：

1. What would you do if you won the lottery(彩票)?Answer like this:

If i won the lottery，i would...

________________________________________________________________

2. Life is full of wishes, but also full of regrets. Try to make up sentences like this: If I had worked harder, I would have passed the exam.

________________________________________________________________

B. 改错：

1. I shouldn’t do that if I was you.

2. If my father were here now, he will tell me what to do.

3. If I knew her telephone number, I would have called her.

4. If it had rained yesterday, he might come.

5. I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I fail, I would try again.

C. 欣赏下列一首诗，并翻译划线的句子：

If I hadn’t met you, I w ouldn’t have realized the sense of my life. ①

If I knew your telephone number, I should call you now . ②

If you were at my side now, I would leave all sorrows behind. ③

May in the future,

Only you share joys and sorrows with me. Only you stay with me on the sad days.

Only you hug me on a dark night.

If you married /should marry me one day, I would make you the happiest wolf in the world. ④

If I were to set a time limit for this love, it would be 10,000 years. ⑤

①_____________________________________________________________________

②_____________________________________________________________________

③_____________________________________________________________________

④_____________________________________________________________________

⑤_____________________________________________________________________

◆五、总结

虚拟语气的突破方法：

1.首先，根据中文提示和语境判断______________________

2.其次，根据时间提示和具体情境判断__________________

3.在if引导的非真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况____________，即：

①与过去事实相反，在从句中用______________形式表示。

②与现在事实相反，在从句中用______________形式表示。

③与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用______________形式表示。

◆六、思考

1. He suggested that we ____ (have) a meeting at once.

He insisted that he ____ (be)sent there.

思考：suggest、insist引导的句子是什么语气？谓语动词的形式是什么？有相似用法的动词还有哪些？

__________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________。

2. ______ she a man, she might be elected president.

A. If were

B. Were

C.Was

D. Is

______ my advise, you would have got the tickets for the Cup Final.

A.Had you taken

B.If you take

C.You had taken

D. If you have taken

思考:当if引导的虚拟条件句中省略if，从句和主句的句子顺序发生了什么变化？

__________________________________________________________________________________ 3. If only I knew his name!

If only we had followed your advice!

If only I could see him again!

总结：if only 引导的是____________句，表示_____________，和__________后的宾语从句的谓语形式一样。

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