人教版高中英语必修四第二单元

第二单元

第一节完形填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。One day my son and I were having ice cream at a Baskin Robbins near our home. We decided to “21 it forward”by anonymously (匿名地) treating a dad and his kids to ice cream. We left the 22 before they knew what was going to happen and my son and I smiled to ourselves as we walked home.

The other night, as I was reading Darwin’s Voyage of the Beagle, a coupon (券) for a free Baskin Robbins ice cream fell out of the 23 book! I didn’t say a word to anyone at home, and 24 about my daily affairs. That day, my son was particularly 25 (doing things without being asked), so I decided to surprise him with his favorite ice cream.

To my 26 , my son ran inside as I told him this and got a coupon for a free ice cream at Baskin Robbins. He said he had received it from a school fair and had been

27 it for weeks to use on a(n) 28 occasion, but now that I was going to 29 him today, he decided to pay forward his 30 . He had put it in one of his library books along with a smile card!

21. A. take B. pay C. get D. bring

22. A. restaurant B. school C. store D. market

23. A. history B. library

C. cartoon

D. science

24. A. went B. worried C. wrote D. forgot

25. A. angry B. regretful C. free D. helpful

26. A. joy B. shame C. sorrowD. surprise

27. A. saving B. drawing

C. enjoying

D. using

28. A. formal B. interesting

C. special

D. funny

29. A. praise B. teach C. treat D. punish

30. A. card B. bookmark C. check D. coupon

第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在后面标号为31-40的相应位置上。

A boy was born three months after the death of his father. When he was three years old, his mother married again and 31 (leave) him in the care of his grandmother. He began his schooling 32 the village school. When he was 15 years old, his stepfather died and his mother came back with the purpose 33 she wanted him to drop out of sc hool and to be a farmer. But he didn’t enjoy 34 (do) farm work. One of his high school teachers found this and helped him go back to school to complete 35 education.

At the age of 19 he fell in love with a lovely girl and decided to marry her, 36 he became so interested in his studies that he didn’t have time to be with his girlfriend. Finally, his girlfriend left him and married 37 else. He never married all his life. He faced challenges everywhere, from 38 he learnt to think deeply all by himself!

He made a 39 (success) description of why apples fall down from trees to the ground. Later he became 40 famous scientist worldwide. Yes, we are talking about Sir Isaac Newton.

31. ____ 32. ____ 33. ____ 34. ____ 35. ____

36. ____ 37. ____ 38. ____ 39. ____ 40. ____

Ⅲ. 阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

A

难度：★

Dave needed to pack for Saturday’s fishing trip. He went into his storeroom, where he had more than 20 fishing rods (钓鱼竿). He went fishing twice a year at Big Bear, a huge lake in southern California about 7,000 feet up in the mountains.

California tried to encourage the fishing industry by arranging for a Free Fishing Day twice a year, once in June and once in September. That was enough for Dave. He went mostly because it was a social event with a few friends. Even the scenic drive up a twisty (蜿蜒的) road was worth the trip. Not to mention the big, beautiful houses and trees that surrounded the shore of the lake. Packing was an important project. Dave had even created a computer file (文件夹) named Fishing Trip. It was a checklist of 45 things to take to Big Bear. He took two rods, because on Free Fishing Day you were allowed to fish with two rods instead of the usual one rod. He took a hooded (有兜帽的) sweatshirt, jeans, two pairs of socks, a heavy hooded jacket, winter gloves and a scarf. He also took shorts, a T-shirt, sunglasses, a big hat and a lightweight raincoat. If you go to Big Bear in June, you’d better be prepared for hot or cold, rain or shine.

He packed a couple of magazines to read just in case the fish weren’t biting. He and his friends joked that the fish were always biting — where you just left or where you were headed to.

After about an hour and a half, Dave had gathered all the items on his list into a tidy pile (堆) next to his door. He went to bed knowing that the next day’s weather and fishing were unpredictable (难以预料的), but the good time with his friends was a given.

41. From the first paragraph we can learn that ____.

A. Dave didn’t go out to fish except go to Big Bear Lake

B. Dave liked to collect fishing tools and sold them as his business

C. Dave was a fishing lover and was going to attend the fishing activities

D. Big Bear Lake was a good place for sightseeing instead of fishing

42. Dave thought that the Free Fishing Day held twice a year was ____.

A. limited

B. satisfying

C. unbelievable

D. surprising

43. If you’d like to go fishing on Free Fishing Day, you should ____.

A. take only one fishing rod according to the rules

B. go fishing there in September rather than in June

C. consider the weather first and prepare carefully for your trip

D. take a computer recording what you should take with you

44. We can infer from the last paragraph that Dave ____.

A. was sure that he would have a great time with his friends the next day

B. was eager to go fishing at Big Bear but didn’t like to prepare for it

C. was sure that the next day’s weather and fishing would be quite good

D. c ouldn’t decide whether he would go fishing at Big Bear the next day

45. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. Dave’s successful travel to Big Bear.

B. Dave’s ways of making friends.

C. Dave’s failure to realize his dream of fishing.

D. Dave’s preparation for the Free Fishing Day.

B

难度：★★

American farmers entered this century with some of the same problems that they came across during the last century. The most important of the problems continued to be overproduction (生产过剩). It is true that continuing

improvements in farm machinery, better seeds, better fertilizers, and other good conditions have made farmers more and more successful in what they do.

In fact, American agriculture has become an “agribusiness”, which includes a variety of farm businesses and organizations, from small, one-family companies to huge multinational companies (跨国公司) that own a great deal of land and that produce goods and materials used by farmers. The appearance of agribusiness in the late 20th century meant fewer but much larger farms. Sometimes owned by stockholders (股东) who didn’t manage the farms, these large farms used more machinery and far fewer farm hands. In 1940, there were 6 million farms averaging (平均为) 67 hectares (公顷) each. In the late 1990s, there were only about 2.2 million farms averaging 190 hectares in size. During the same period, the number of farmers became smaller —from 12.5 million in 1930 to 1.2 million in the 1990s. In 1900, half of the labor force were farmers, but at the end of the last century only 2% worked on the farm. And nearly 60% of the remaining farmers at the beginning of this century worked only part-time on farms; they held other, non-farm jobs to add to their farm income. The high cost spent on land and equipment makes keeping the full-time farming going on very difficult for most people.

As these numbers show, the American “family farm”—rooted in the nation’s history and in the story of the hard-working peasants —faces powerful economic challenges. Americans continue to imagine the neat barns (谷仓), fat farm animals, and beautiful fields of the traditional rural landscape, but it remains uncertain whether they will be willing to pay the price, either in higher food prices or in government aids to farmers who own the family farm.

46. What is the most important problem the American farmers meet with now?

A. The farm machinery needs to be improved.

B. The farm products are more than what people need.

C. The farm conditions need to be developed further.

D. The farm products can’t meet t he need of the people.

47. With the agribusiness appearing, American farms become ____.

A. more and larger

B. more but smaller

C. fewer and smaller

D. fewer but larger

48. How many farmers worked full-time on the farm at the beginning of this century?

A. Less than 1% of the labor force.

B. About 40% of the labor force.

C. About 60% of the labor force.

D. Over 2% of the labor force.

49. Why do some farmers do other part-time jobs?

A. They all want to make a large fortune.

B. Farming can’t meet their need of money.

C. Farm work doesn’t need too much time.

D. They want to learn how to do other jobs.

50. The author used many numbers in the 2nd paragraph to ____.

A. make it clear that fewer farmers work in larger farms

B. tell the readers that he knows about agriculture very well

C. show that the multinational companies own much land

D. explain why the farmers need to do some part-time jobs

C

难度：★★★

In life, we should try to combine both money and happiness together. To do this I suggest the following steps:

Consider the Importance of Simplicity

The aim of life should not be to control as many belongings and as much wealth (财产) as possible. If you feel happiness is directly related to material belongings, you are making a mistake. We should learn to be pleased with what we have and appreciate the advantages of simplicity.

Do Not Take Money Too Seriously

Does it pain you to spend your own money — even if it is for something useful? The problem with this, however, is that if we are always unwilling to spend money, we miss the whole point of making it. We should look at money in this way: spending money enables more to come into our lives. It is no good saving a large amount of water unless we use it to produce power; similarly, it is no use accumulating savings if we feel unwilling to spend them.

Reduce Financial (财政的) Worries to the Lowest Degree

We will be happy if we can make money a small part of our lives. To be able to do this, we need to prevent

creating situations of debt (负债) as getting out of debt can be difficult and stressful. If you do need to go into debt, plan ahead and find a loan (贷款) which is clear and manageable to repay. Try not to make risky investment (投资) plans, as these give you the possibility to gain more as well as to lose a lot more.

Do Not Live to Work

If you spend all your time working, you will have no opportunity to spend your money. Don’t feel guilty about turning extra work down; it is also important to have a rest. It is good if we can feel pleased with work, but if we only spend time working then our lives will be short of a proper balance.

51. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Working more hours can do good to people.

B. You should be guilty if you refuse to do extra work.

C. Investment will help you gain more money.

D. Happiness is not decided by the money you have.

52. What attitude should we take towards money according to the passage?

A. Spending money is to bring more into our lives.

B. The aim of life is to collect more money.

C. We should try our best not to lend money.

D. It is more important to save money than to spend it.

53. What does the underlined word “accumulating” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Making use of.

B. Getting more and more of.

C. Cutting down on.

D. Being in need of.

54. To make money a small part of our lives, we need to ____.

A. pay no attention to money

B. have enough money first

C. prevent getting into debt

D. make no investment plans

55. This passage mainly tells us ____.

A. the importance of money

B. the disadvantages of overwork

C. how to combine money and happiness

D. how to balance relaxation and work

第二节信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

以下是喜欢一些水果的人的不同性格特征：

A. Oranges If the orange is your favorite fruit, you are a patient person. You like doing things slowly and very carefully, and you are never bothered by hard work.

B. Apples If the apple is your favorite fruit, you are an honest person, often with a bit of a temper (脾气). You may not be the best organizer yourself, but you make a good team leader. You are good at taking things forward.

C. Bananas The banana lover is loving, gentle and warm. If you like bananas best, you often lack (缺乏) self-confidence and are quite shy. People like your good temper. Your relationships with others are always in harmony (融洽).

D. Coconuts（椰子）The coconut lover is a serious and very thoughtful person. If you like coconuts best, you are good at communicating, so you have a lot of friends. You are clever and helpful and you always try to ensure that you are the best.

E. Pineapples（菠萝）You are quick to decide and even quicker to act. You are brave, independent, sincere and honest. Though you don’t make friends very quickly, once you do, the friendship will last forever.

F. Cherries If the cherry is your favorite fruit, life isn’t always a s sweet as the cherry. You often face ups and downs, and find that you make little money. It is not easy for you to express your feelings. Nothing except your family can receive so much love from you.

以下是对几个人物情况的描写，请根据这些信息，推测他/她喜欢的水果：

56. Mary is a 24-year-old girl and she is now working in a small factory. She earns little every year. She loves her parents and her brothers very much. Although she often feels lonely, she doesn’t like to make friends with others.

57. Tom is very patient with the work he does every day. He never does his work carelessly, although he does it more slowly than others. However hard his work is, he always works patiently.

58. Mike is a fearless and honest young man. He is very careful when he makes friends with others. Although he has only a few friends, the friendships between them are very firm.

59. John is an honest young man and is a manager in a company. He is successful in his work. However, he often gets angry easily with the workers who can’t do their work well.

60. Jane is a shy girl. She is kind to others, so she is loved by her friends. She never loses her temper and she always wears a smile. She gets on well with her workmates.

Ⅳ. 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节基础写作（共1小题；满分15分）

我国30年改革开放给农业带来了历史性变化，结合你所知道的以及下表内容来说明我国农业的变化。

[写作内容]

1. 改革开放前我国农业的状况；

2. 30年的改革开放给农业带来的变化；

3. 你有何感想。

[写作要求]

1. 必须使用5个句子介绍所给出的全部内容；

2. 文章的开头已经为你写好，不计入必写句子中。

参考词汇：改革开放reform and opening-up

纯收入net income

[评分标准]

句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

A historic change has taken place in agriculture during the past thirty years. __________________ ______________________________________________________________________________.

第二节选做题一：读写任务（共1小题；满分25分）

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Almost everyone likes to eat apples. Apples grow in nearly every part of the world. The United States produces more apples than any other country except France. The states of Washington and New York grow the most apples. Perhaps this is why “New York” is often called “Big Apple” by many people. New York is on the east coast and Washington is on the west near Canada.

Apples are red, yellow or green. They are very popular in the United States. Many people like to carry apples to work or to school to eat with their lunches. Most American people are often too busy or too tired to cook dinner, so they often have their dinners very simply. Apple juice is also a popular drink and apple pie is a favorite sweet dish for many Americans.

The state of Washington is proud of its apples. The trees there produce about five billion apples every year— nearly one apple for every man, woman and child in the whole world.

[写作内容]

假设上文是英语阅读课上老师发给同学们的一篇文章。请根据其内容，写一篇题为“The most famous crop in my hometown.”向你校英文校刊投稿，稿件要求如下：

1. 以约30个词概括短文的要点。

2. 然后以约120个词写一篇短文，包括如下要点：

1) 介绍你的家乡最出名的一种农作物；

2) 以你了解背景事件为例，说明该农作物对你家乡的影响；

3) 你的感想。

参考词汇：impact 影响

[写作要求]

可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用

原文中的句子；

[评分标准]

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。

参考答案及解析

1-5 CACAC 6-10 BABAB

11-15 CBABC 16. Mike

17. 6652458 18. Next Wednesday

19. London 20. five to three/2: 55

21-25 BCBAD 26-30 DACCD

31. left 32. in

33. that 34. doing

35. his 36. but

37. someone/somebody 38. which

39. successful 40. a

41-45 CBCAD 46-50 BDABA

51-55 DABCC 56-60 FAEBC

基础写作

A historic change has taken place in agriculture during the past thirty years. Looking back, we can’t help thinking of the hard life the farmers lived when we had no ability to produce enough food for everyone in our country. But things have changed since the beginning of the reform and opening-up. From 1978 to 2008, we have achieved great achievements in agriculture. We have produced more than 1,000 billion jin of food every year compared to the past 609.5 billion jin and we also have succeeded in solving the problem of feeding a population of 1.3 billion; the net income of every farmer has increased from 134 yuan to more than 4,000 yuan a year. Personally, I am proud of our country and I’ll study hard to devote myself to our country in the future.

读写任务

The most famous crop in my hometown

The passage tells us billions of apples are produced in the United States and apples as popular daily food have a great impact on the Americans’ daily life.

Many people like to eat watermelons, especially when it is very hot. You can enjoy the best watermelons in my hometown. Watermelons grow in nearly every part of my hometown and they are very famous. We have many different kinds of watermelons here, which are very delicious and sweet. We are shipping them to cities all over the country. The government has taken lots of measures to expand the watermelon industry. The farmers have earned lots of money and have built many new houses. The farmers are living a better life now.

The government will help farmers find better ways to keep watermelons fresh and build more convenient transportations. And I am sure that the farmers in my hometown will live a richer and happier life.

21. B。根据下文可知，作者和儿子决定通过匿名付款这一小小的善行用冰淇淋款待一位父亲和他的孩子们。

22. C。根据语境可知，Baskin Robbins是一家冰淇淋店。

23. B。根据最后一句“He had put it in one of his library books along with a smile card!”可知答案。

24. A。作者没有和家里的任何人说，继续忙着日常的事务。

25. D。那天儿子特别听话，帮了很多忙，所以作者决定用那个冰淇淋券给儿子一个惊喜。

26. D。令作者吃惊的是，儿子随后给自己拿来了一张冰淇淋券：正是作者此前在书里发现的那张。

27. A。儿子已经把这张券保存了很久了。

28. C。他想把这张券用在一个特别的场合。

29. C。作者想用冰淇淋款待儿子。

30. D。儿子决定提前将他夹在书里的那张冰淇淋券送给妈妈。

31. left。本题考查动词。根据短文的时态可知，本空应填leave的过去式。

32. in。本题考查介词。由句意“他的启蒙教育开始于一所乡村学校里”可知，本空应填入介词in。

33. that。本题考查连接词。空格后面的句子是解释purpose的内容的，故本句是同位语从句；因从句不缺少成分，所以使用连接词that。

34. doing。本题考查动名词作宾语。根据空格前面的谓语动词enjoy可知，本空应填入do的动名词形式doing作宾语。

35. his。本题考查代词。由句意“他的一位老师发现了这个情况就帮助他重返学校完成他的学业”可知，此处应使用物主代词his。

36. but。本题考查连词。分析空格前后的逻辑关系可知，前后句之间存在着转折关系，故本空应填入表转折的连词but。

37. someone/somebody。本题考查不定代词。由句意“他的女朋友离他而去嫁给了别人”可知，此处应使用不定代词someone/somebody。

38. which。本题考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，本句为非限制性定语从句；根据先行词challenges可知，本空应填入关系代词which。

39. successful。本题考查词性变化。由空格前面的冠词及后面的名词description可知，此处应使用success的形容词形式successful。

40. a。本题考查冠词。根据句意“后来他成了世界上一位著名的科学家”可知应是泛指，故使用不定冠词。

41. C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Dave needed to pack for Saturday’s fishing trip ... he had more than 20 fishing rods ... he went fishing twice a year at Big Bear ...”可知，Dave是个钓鱼爱好者，将要参加周六的钓鱼活动。

42. B。细节理解题。根据第二段“California tried to encourage the fishing industry by arranging for

a Free Fishing Day twice a year, once in June and once in September. That was enough for Dave.”可知，Dave认为每年两次的“免费钓鱼日”很令他满意，可以满足其爱好，还可以欣赏景色、结交朋友。

43. C。推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，Dave所做的一些准备工作充分考虑了在Big Bear 可能遇到的天气变化情况。在Free Fishing Day是允许用两根钓鱼竿的，故A错误；文中并没有提到六月和九月去Big Bear有什么区别，故B项不合文意；D项文中没有提到。

44. A。推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Dave用了大约一个半小时的时间把钓鱼用的东西整理好，他觉得第二天的天气和钓鱼的结果虽然无法预料，但是与朋友们在一起的愉快的时光却是肯定的。

45. D。主旨大意题。本文主要描述了Dave 为即将来临的Free Fishing Day所做的细致而周到的准备。

46. B。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The most important of the problems continued to be overproduction.”可知答案。

47. D。细节理解题。根据第二段原句“The appearance of agribusiness in the late 20th century

meant fewer but much larger farms.”可知答案。

48. A。细节理解题。根据第二段原句“... only 2 percent worked on the farm. And nearly 60 percent of the remaining farmers at the beginning of this century worked only part-time on farms;”可知上个世纪末百分之二的劳动力是农民（而农民越来越少，本世纪初农民的比例应该略有下降，也就是少于百分之二），本世纪初百分之六十的农民在农场工作兼职工作，即全职工作的农民为所有劳动力的2%×（1-60%）=0.8%，即不足所有劳动力的百分之一。

49. B。细节理解题。根据第二段原句“... they held other, non-farm jobs to add to their farm income.”可知答案。

50. A。细节理解题。第二段中所列举的数字都是为了进一步说明上文“The appearance of agribusiness in the late 20th century meant fewer but much larger farms.”所说的现象。

51. D。细节理解题。根据第二段“If you feel happiness is directly related to material belongings, you are making a mistake. We should learn to be pleased with what we have and appreciate the advantages of simplicity.”可知答案。根据最后一段可知A、B错误；根据第四段最后一句可知C错误。

52. A。细节理解题。根据第三段“We should look at money in this way: spending money enables more to come into our lives.”可知答案。

53. B。词义猜测题。根据第三段“It is no good saving a large amount of water unless we use it to produce power; similarly, it is no use accumulating savings if we feel unwilling to spend them.”可知，水如果不用来发电，积蓄大量的水就变得毫无意义；同样的道理，如果我们不舍得花钱，积攒再多的钱也没有意义。所以，画线词的意思应为“积聚、积攒”。

54. C。细节理解题。根据第四段“To be able to do this, we need to avoid creating situations of debt as getting out of debt can be difficult and stressful.”可知答案。

55. C。主旨大意题。文章第一段即提出主题，主要讲述了如何把金钱与幸福结合起来。

56. F。Mary的情况“... earns little... loves her parents and her brothers…doesn’t like to make friends with others.”刚好与喜欢樱桃的人的情况“...you make little money. It is not easy for you to express your feelings. Nothing except your family can receive so much love from you.”相符。57. A。Tom的情况“He never does his work carelessly, although he does it more slowly than others.”刚好和喜欢橘子的人的情况“...a patient person. ...do things slowly and very carefully”相符。

58. E。Mike的情况“... fearless and honest... very careful when he makes friends with others. ... the friendships between them are very firm.”与喜欢菠萝的人的情况“... brave, independent, sincere and honest. ... don’t make friends very quickly... the friendship will last forever.”相符。

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