英语初高中衔接学案
高一新生初高中衔接学案
“好的开始时成功的一半。”为让同学们对初中英语主要内容进行简要复习，对高中英语学习做好准备，我们高一英语组老师们精心编写了这套学案。本学案共分四个部分：音标学案，语法学案，词汇学案和综合练习学案。各班根据自身情况，选择性的使用。本学案为初高中衔接性学案，学习时间为一周。相信同学们在老师的指导下认真学习本学案一定会取得良好效果。
一音标学案
一音的基本概念
1.字母：语言的书写形式。英语中的元音字母是a,e,i,o,u。
2．音标：词的语音形式。
3．音素：音的最小单位。英语中有48个因素。
4．元音：发音响亮；气流从口腔或鼻腔中出来时不受阻碍，是构成音的主要音。英语中有20个元音。
5．辅音：发音不响亮；气流从口腔或鼻腔中出来时受到阻碍，不是构成音的主要音。英语中有28个辅音。
单元音：
[e]yes yellow bed [?]cat bad dad [a:]are car far
[?] pot got dog [?:] call tall or
[?]cut nut but [?:]curtain further fur [?]mother color cooler [i]ink big pig
[i:]jeep tea eat [u]good book look [u:]cool zoo tool
双元音：
[ei]age eight make [ai]ice bike nice
[?i]toy oil boy
[?u]old joke gold [au]cloud mouth cow [ε?]air fair chair
[i?] ear near year
[u?] cure sure pure
辅音部分
[p]pot pig put people piano
[b]book bag big job bear but
[t] tooth teacher tea table task [d]dog dig duck dad double
[k]cake keep cat cup cap
[g]grandpa girl green good god [f]father fat foot full fit
[v]five very vent drive vary
[s]small study bus yes must [z]jazz zoo zero clothes
[θ]eighth forth tenth eleventh ninth [e]those these that this there [∫]cash bush shake shoe ship [?]measure pleasure leisure [t∫]chair chicken lunch [d?] jack job change [tr]tree truck train [dr]dress drink drain [ts]students coats cats [dz] beds odds codes [m] mum moon morning [n]moon nut needle [?]ink link ring
[h]hello hurry hey
[l] look leg lake
[r]rain radio room [w]window wake week [j] yellow yes you
6．音节：由元音和辅音组成的发音单位。一个元音音素可构成一个音节，一个元音音素和一个或几个辅音音素结合也可以构成一个音节。
一般说来，元音音素可以构成音节，辅音音素不响亮，不能构成音节。但英语辅音音素中有4 个辅音[m]，[n]，[ng]，[l]是响音，它们和辅音音素结合，也可构成音节。
它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾，一般是非重读音节。
一个音节叫单音节，两个音节叫双音节，三个音节以上叫多音节。如ta'ble 桌子，po‘ta'to马铃薯，po’pu‘la'tion 人口，con’gra‘tu’la'tion 祝贺。
划分音节的方法：元音音素是构成音节的主体，辅音是音节的分界线。每个元音音素都可以构成一个音节。如：bed 床，beat 毒打。两元音音素之间有一个辅音音素时，辅音音素归后一音节，如：stu'dent 学生。有两个辅音音素时，一个辅音音素归前一音节，一个归后一音节，如：win'ter 冬天fa'ther 父亲，tea'cher 教师。
1）音节按读音可以分为开音节和闭音节。
开音节又可以分为绝对开音节和相对开音节
(1) 绝对开音节：一个元音音素后面没有辅音音素而构成的音节，例如：we, hi,
(2) 相对开音节：一个元音音素后面有一个辅音音素(除r)之外，最后是不发音
的e字母构成的音节，如:take, make 。这个元音字母发“字母”本身音，
例如hi |hai|, use |ju:z|
(3) 闭音节：元音字母后有辅音字母(r除外)构成的音节，如：leg, cross
2）音节按重读可以分为重读音节和非重读音节
在双音节或多音节词中有一个发音特别响亮的音节，叫重读音节，用重音符号“ ` ”标于相应位置，其他音节为非重读音节，如begin |be‵gin|。
单音节词作重读处理，但不标重音符。
重读规则：
英语的构词方法影响重读很多，但主要有三种：（1）派生法：通过前缀或后缀构成另一个词。例如：luck（运气）→lucky（幸运的）unlucky（不幸的）。
（2）转化法：由一个词类转化为另一个词类。例如：water（ｎ．水）→water
（ｖ．浇水）。（3）合成法：由两个或更多个的词合成为一个词。例如：book
＋bag→ book bag（书包）。
双音节词的重读规律
1．双音节动词倾向于第二个音节重读。例如：absorb（吸收），behave（举止），forget（忘记），receive（接收）。
2．动词以外的双音节词，倾向于第一个音节重读。例如：custom（ｎ．习惯），distant（adj．遥远的），many（pron．许多），often（adv．经常）
名词、形容词、副词的后缀大都是非重读的。如：actor, useful, really。
3．某些单词既可以作动词，又可以作名词或形容词。作动词时，第二个音节重读；作名词或形容词时，第一个音节重读。例如：record作动词“记录”
时读：[ri‵k?:d]，作名词“记录”时读：[‵rek?:d]；present作动词“赠
送”时读:[pri‵zent]，作名词“礼物”时读[′prez?nt]。
二 26 个字母发音规律
a /ei/ name cake table
/? / apple cat map am
/a:/ want dance
/?/ what watch
b /b/ book big bag box
c /k/ cat cake cup clock car
/s/ face nice pencil
d /d/ desk doll dog dad
e /i:/ he she meet me
/e/ elephant egg bed pen
f /f/ fine friend fly foot fan
g / g/ gun glass glad glove
/dз / age orange
h /h/ hat he house hand
i /ai / fine bike five ice
/i/ is sit miss pig picture
j / dз / jeep jam jacket jar
k /k/ kite cake black thank
l /l/ leg left ruler flag lamp apple bowl tell old m /m/ am map my mouth milk
n /n/ no know new hand
o /?u/ old home nose coke
/?/ dog not clock box
/?/ son month mother love
p /p/ map jeep pig pen apple
q /kw / quite quilt quick
r /r/ red radio brother racket
s /s/ sit miss this smile books
t /t/ it sit not that table little u /ju: / use usually excuse /?/ bus us sun duck
/u/ put pull push
v /v / five vase very seven
w /w/ we window watch want
x /ks / box six fox
y /ai / my fly why bye
/ i / happy baby very
/ j / yes yellow
z / z / zoo zero
英语字母组合发音
air /ε?/ air hair chair al /?:/ tall small ball
ar / a: / farther farm car arm se/z/ nose those rose
ea /i:/ meat please tea read /e/ head bread ready / i / theater ai /ei/ wait paint paid
ear / i?/ ear hear near /ε? / bear / ?:/ earth
ay /ei/ may play day say ee /i:/ meet see bee feet jeep
er /?/ worker teacher / ?: / her ir /?: / bird girl shirt thirty ou / au / out house mouth our /?: / four your /au / our ow / ?u / bowl window /au / now cow flower
oo /u/ book foot good /u:/ moon balloon
or / ?: / short fork port /?: / word world work
oy /?i/ boy toy joy ur / ?:/ turn fur hurt
ew /ju: / new few /u: / flew grew
oor /?: / door floor igh /ai / right high bright
ore /?:/ more store sore
辅音组合
th /θ/ thank mouth th/ e / this that with
ch / k / school Christmas wh /w/ white wheel what /h/ who whose
ts /ts/ jackets kites tr /tr/ tree train truck
ds /dz/ birds friends dr /dr/ dress driver
tw /tw/ two twin twenty sh /∫/ shirt wash shor
二基础语法学案
句子成分
主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. （名词）He likes dancing.（代词）Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing.（动名词）To see is to believe.（不定式）What he needs is a book. （主语从句）It is very difficult to learn English. （It形式主语，不定式是真正主语）
谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English. He is asleep.
He practice running everyday.
表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. （名词） Seventy-fou r! You don’t look it. （代词）Five and five is ten. （数词）He is asleep. （形容词）His father is in. （副词）The picture is on the wall. (介词短语) My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词）
To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. （不定式）
The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）
（常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, feel（感觉），remain（保持，仍是）become, turn, go(变得)...
It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange.
Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin.
The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.
The door remains open. Now I feel tired.
宾语：1）动作的承受者-----动宾
I enjoy listening to popular music (动名词短语)
I like China. （名词）He hates you. （代词）
How many do you need? We need two. （数词）
We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. （动名词）I hope to see you again. （不定式） Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）
2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾
Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks.
3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）
He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.
宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。
We elected him monitor. （名词）
We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. （名词）
We will make them happy.（形容词） We found nobody in. (副词)
Please make yourself at home. （介词短语）Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式）
His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （带to不定式）
Don’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词）
I’ll have my bike repaired. （过去分词）
We saw her entering the room. (现在分词)
主补：对主语的补充。
He was elected monitor. She was found singing in the next room.
定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
China is a developing country; America is a developed country.
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.（名词） He is our friend. （代词）
We belong to the third world. （数词）
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容词）
The man over there is my old friend.(副词)
The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词)
The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词）
The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词）
I have an idea to do it well. （不定式）
You should do everything that I do. （定语从句）
状语：用来修饰v(动词), adj.(形容词), adv.(副词), 或整个句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。（以下例句按上述顺序排列）
I will go there tomorrow. The meeting will be held in the meeting room.
The meat went bad because of the hot weather.
He studies hard to learn English well.
He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam.
I like some of you very much.
If you study hard, you will pass the exam. He goes to school by bike. Though he is young, he can do it well.
I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.
句子类型
简单句的五个基本句型：
主语＋不及物动词She came．/ My head aches. / Birds fly.
主语＋及物动词＋宾语She likes English.
主语＋系动词＋主语补语She is happy．
主语＋双宾动词＋间宾语＋直宾语 She gave John a book．/ She bought a book for me.
主语＋宾补动词＋宾语＋宾语补语 She makes her mother angry.
主语+系动词+表语 The teacher asked me to read the passage. 并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。
You help him and he helps you. He is clever but he is lazy.
复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。包含：名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）定语从句和状语从句。
The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. He didn’t come to school because he was ill.
A plane is a machine that can fly.
The boy who broke the window is called Tom.
I don’t know why he was late?
Do you know when we will start?
There be句型：
There +be/ lies/……There is/ lies a book on the desk.
Exercises
判断句子类型，分析句子成分
1. Our school is not far from my home.
2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you
3. All of us considered him honest.
4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.
5. He broke a piece of glass.
6. He made it clear that he would leave the city．
7. I love you more than her，child．
8. Trees turn green when spring comes.
9. They pushed the door open.
10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.
11. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends.
12. All the students think highly of his teaching
13. We need a place twice larger than this one.
14. He asked us to sing an English song.
15. Don't get nervous，help yourself to what you like．
16.We will make our school more beautiful.
17. He didn't come．That is why he didn't know．
18. She showed us her many of her pictures.
19. The old man lives a lonely life.
20. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town.
21. The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany．
22. There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him．
23. No matter how difficult the task may be, we must fulfill it this month.
24. Go back where you came from.
25. We must do whatever the people want us to do.
26. At last he got home, tired and hungry.
27. Would you please pass me the cup?
28 Mary handed her homework to the teacher.
29. Do you know the latest news about him?
30. I’ll get my hai r cut tomorrow.
三单词学案
编写老师：赵青代凤丽刘冉
使用说明：
1. 本学案为初中词汇重点难点选编，同学们应坚持每天记忆、背诵。
2. 词汇编写顺序先易后难，同学们应先掌握前面的词汇，再掌握后面的词汇。
3. 同学们只要坚持每天记忆，时时复习，肯定能掌握全部的词汇。
4. 本学案单词约为575个，词组205个。请同学们根据情况适时调整每天记忆单词和短语的个数。
Words:
1-20
relaxing adj.轻松的
healthy adj.健康的；强健的
list n.清单
blank n.空白
sale n.出售；廉售
welcome adj.不必表示感谢的
example n.例子；实例
festival n. 节，节日
favorite adj.&n.最喜爱的（东西）successful adj.成功的
address n.通讯处；地址
shower n.淋浴
brush vt.刷
partner n.伙伴；合作者
strict adj.严格的；严厉的
tired adj.疲倦的；累的
hobby n.业余爱好；喜爱的话题
dislike vt.讨厌；不喜欢n.不喜欢；厌恶（的对象）
library n.图书馆
across prep.横过；在对面
21-40
behind prep.在……之后straight 一直；直接
enjoy vt.享受……的乐趣；欣赏through prep.穿过；通过
hungry adj.饥饿的
arrive vi.到达；抵达
cute adj.可爱的；聪明的
smart adj.聪明的；漂亮的
south n.南；南方adj.在南方的；南部的clever adj.聪明的；机灵的
friendly adj.友好的
during prep.在……期间
relax vt.放松
dangerous adj.危险的
weather n.天气；气候
terrible adj.很糟的，极坏的、可怕的pretty adv.相当；很；颇
surprised adj.感到惊讶的
straight adj.直的；笔直的
height n.高度
41-60
popular adj.受欢迎的；通俗的；流行的reason n.愿因；理由
practice n.练习；实践
regular adj.正常的；规则的；有规律的
present adj. 现在时态的；现在的；目前的
spend vt.度过；过
wrote write的过去式
sat sit的过去式
central adj. 中心的；位于中心的unfriendly adj.不友善的；不友好的expensive adj.昂贵的价高的
decide v.决定；下决心
discuss vt.讨论；议论
culture n.文化
host n.主持人
fashion n.是尚；潮流
article n.文章
fight vi.打架；争吵
outside 外面的；在外部的
later adv.后来；以后
61-80
order vt.预定；点（菜）
exercise vi.&n.锻炼；运动
hardly adv. 几乎不；几乎没有
surf v.i在激浪上驾（船）；在……冲浪Internet n. 网络；互联网
result n. 结果；成果
active adj.活跃的；积极的
health n.健康；健康状况
habit n. 习惯；习性
lifestyle n.生活方式
different adj.差异的；不同的difference n. 不同；差异；区别although conj.=though 虽然；即使；纵然
keep v.保持；使保持某种状态
matter n. 事情；问题；差错
illness n. 疾病；生病
advice n. 劝告；忠告；建议
thirsty adj. 渴的；口渴的
stress vt. 加压力于；使紧张 n. 压力；紧张
believe vt.相信；认为
81-100
balance n.平衡；平衡状态；协调medicine n. 药,医学,内科
important adj. 重要的；重大的；严重的diet n. 饮食；节食
until conj.（=till）直到……之时；在……之前
send vt送；寄；派；遣
sightseeing n.观光；游览
famous adj.著名的；出名的
forget vt.忘记；忘却
minute n. 分钟
kilometer n. 公里；千米
means n.方法；手段；工具
another adj.又一的；再一的
training n.训练；锻炼
chemistry n.化学
project n.（学校的）课题；作业；项目outgoing adj.友好的；爽直的
serious adj.严肃的；庄重的
smart adj.聪明的；伶俐的；机敏的physics n.物理；物理学
101-120
however conj.然而…
common adj.共同的；共有的
interest n. 兴趣；爱好
friendship n.友好；友谊
primary adj.初级的；小学的
amount n. 总额；总数；数量
finally adv.最后地；最终
check vt.核对；检查
visitor n. 访问者；参观者；游客outdoor adj. 户外的；在户外的
future n.将来；未来
record n. 记录；（尤指运动中的）最高记录
national adj.国家的；全国的；民族的perform vt.演出；表演
gold adj.金的
medal n.奖牌；奖章
become v.成为；变成
loving adj.慈爱的
outstanding adj. 杰出的；出色的unusual adj. 不寻常的；罕有的；独特的121-140
well-known adj.有名的；出名的
piece n. （艺术品、音乐的）幅；篇；首alive adj. 活着的；在世的
university n. 大学
major vi. 主修；专研
part-time adj. 兼职的
travel vi.旅行；游历
retire vi.（使）退休；退职；退役communicate vt.通话；交际；交流思想foreign adj.外国的；在外国的；对外的partner n.伙伴；同伴；搭档
fold vt. 折叠；折起来
borrow vt. 借；借人；借来
invite vt. 邀请；恳请
service n.服务；服务性工作
worse adj.（bad和badly的比较级）更坏的；更差的
worst adj.（bad和badly的比较级）最坏的；最差的
delight n. 欣喜；高兴；愉快
talent n.天才；天资；才干
success n. 成功
141-160
together adv.在一起；共同
distance n.距离；路程
province n.省份
southern adj.（在）南方的
lovely adj.令人愉快的；美好的northern adj.（在）在北方的
leader n. 领导者,指挥者
seriously adv．(用于表示要说的并非开玩笑)说正经的：严肃地
lay v.产(卵)；下(蛋)
fewer adj.（few的比较级）较少的；较少数
pollution n.污染，污染物
building n.建筑(物)，房屋，大楼happen vi.发生
accident n.事故
heard vt. hear的过去式
modern adj.现代的；现代化的
bright adj.明亮的；发亮的
rang vi .ring的过去式
told vt. tell的过去式
recent adj.最近的；近来的
161-180
meaning n.意思；含义became v. become的过去式
suppose vt.假定；认为；期望
hard-working adj.勤勉的；努力工作的worst adj. bad的最高级
lucky adj.幸运的
village n.乡村
graduate n.毕业生
ate vt. eat的过去式
start n.开始；开端
danger n.危险
organize v.组织
clean-up n.清除；打扫
against prep.反对
chance n.机会；机遇
tonight n.今晚；今夜
explain vt.解释；说明
collect vt.收集；搜集
since prep.自从；自……以来
raise vt.筹集
181-200
several adj.几个的；数个的
store vt.储存
collector n.收藏家
extra adj.额外的
writer n.作家；作者
thousand n.一千
quite adv.相当；十分
certain adj.确实的；无疑的
brought vt. bring的过去式
solution n.解答；解决办法
polite adj.有礼貌的；客气的perhaps adv.或许；大概
return v.归还；返回
voice n.声音
normal adj.正常的；正规的
public n.公众
politely adv.客气地；斯文地
drop v.扔；丢
behave vi.举止；表现
201-220
personal adj.私人的；个人的
special adj.特别的；特殊的；专门的receive vt.收到；接受
gave vt. give的过去式
child n.孩子；儿女
perfect adj.完美的；理想的clean adj.清洁的；干净的company n.伙伴
asleep adj.睡着的
choose vt.选择
present n.礼物
later adv.稍后；随后
given vt. give的过去分词instead adv.代替；而不是enter vt.参加；进入
nearly adv.几乎
sang v. sing的过去式
native adj.本地的；本国的winner n.胜利者
interested adj.感兴趣的
221-240
encourage vt.鼓励
progress n.进步；前进
besides prep.而且；除……之外neither pron.（二者）都不seen vt. see的过去分词
board n.甲板
discover vt.发觉；发现
foreign adj.外国的；外来的wonderful adj.极好的
holiday n.假日；假期；节日population n.人口
brave adj.勇敢的；无畏的season n.季节
type n.类型
cross vt.穿过；横过；越过traffic n.交通
least adj. little的最高级excited adj.激动的；兴奋的present n.现在；礼物
daily adj.每日的
241-260
death n.死，死亡
reply v.回答，答复rest n.剩余部分；其余
cover vt.覆盖；遮掩
safety n.安全
offer vt.提供
honest adj.诚实的，真诚的
suit v.适合；适宜于
wonderful adj.奇妙的；极好的
refuse v.拒绝，回绝
aim n.目的；目标
below prep.在…下面，低于.... guide vt.指导；带领
towards prep.向；往；朝着....的方向pleasant adj.令人愉快的，舒适的
cause vt.使发生，造成
treat vt.对待
final adj.最后的；最终的
prefer vt.更喜爱；更喜欢
interest vt.引起…关注；使…感兴趣261-280
invent vt.. 创造，发明
rude adj.粗鲁的，不礼貌的
point v.指；指向
manner n.礼貌；风格；习惯
remain v.剩余；保持；残余
produce vt.生产；制造，产生
solve vt.解决；解答(难题)
serve vt.服务；招待
empty adj.空的；空闲的
truth n.真实，真相；事实；真理
custom n.风俗，习俗；习惯
relaxed adj.轻松的，不紧张的
beside prep.在...旁边，在...附近；和...相比
government n.政府
spare adj.多余的；空闲的
step n.脚步；步骤；措施
escape v.逃跑；逃走
fresh adj.生的；新鲜的；无经验的plenty adj.很多的；足够的
major adj.主要的；重要
281-300
collection n.收藏品；收集物furniture n.家具(总称) conversation n.交谈；谈话speech n.演说；讲演；说话；言论contest n.竞争；竞赛；比赛
survey n.调查；考察
language n.语言
restaurant n.餐馆；饭店
international adj.国际的
activity n.活动
describe vt.描述；形容
direction n.方向
following adj.下列的；下述的
improve vt.改进；该善
mountain n.山；山脉
suggestion n. 建议；意见
crowded adj.拥挤的
program n. 节目单；（电脑）程序interviewer n. 采访者
unhealthy adj. 不健康的；不益健康的301-320
stomachache n.胃痛；腹痛；肚子痛sore adj.疼痛的
traditional adj.传统的；惯例的balanced adj. 平衡的；协调的
babysit v. 临时受雇照顾（婴儿）tourist n. 旅行者；游客transportation n. 运送；运输
physics n.物理；物理学
opposite adj. 对立的；相反的necessary adj.必要的；必须的information n.消息；资料
passenger n.乘客；旅客
instruction n. 指示；命令
monitor n.班长
competition n.竞争；比赛；竞赛international adj.国际的；世界（性）的
achievement n. 成就；功绩
talented adj. 有天赋的，天才的creative adj.有创造力的
management n. 管理；经营
321-340
engineer n. 工程师
professional adj. 专业的；职业的exhibition n.展览；展览会
resolution n. 决心；决心要做之事exchange n.&v.交换；互换；交流disagree vi. 不同意；持不同意见comfortable adj.舒适的；安逸的quality n. 品质；特质
positive adj. 积极的；建设性的；肯定的
negative adj. 消极的；否定的
musical adj.（关于）音乐的
forbid vt. 禁止,不许
casually adv.非正式地；随意地interview n.面试；面谈
predict vt.预言，预测，预告prediction n.预言；预测
unpleasant adj.使人不愉快的
electric adj.电的；导电的
either adj.任一的；每一方的
original adj.新颖的
341-360
pressure n.压力
complain v.抱怨
organized adj.有组织的
experience n.经历；体验
silence n.寂静；沉默
disappointing adj.使人失望的；令人扫兴的
volunteer n.志愿者
rural adj.乡下的；乡村的
fortunately adv.幸运地
influence n.影响v.影响；对.....起作用charity n.慈善团体；慈善事业sincerely adv.真诚的
consequence n.结果
following adj.下列的；下述的particularly adv.特别；尤其
annoy vt.使恼怒；使生气
behavior n.行为；举止；表现uncomfortable adj.不舒服的
impolite adj.无礼的；粗鲁的
criticize v.批判
361-380
comment n.评论；意见
advantage n.有利条件；优点disadvantage n.不利条件；缺点suggest vt.建议；提议
statement n.声明；陈述
mention vt.提及；说起
amusement n.娱乐；消遣
character n.人物；角色
attraction n.有引力的事物（或人）especially adv.特别；尤其attendant n.出席者；参加者requirement n.要求；必要条件excellent adj.卓越的；极好的environment n.环境
temperature n.温度
member n.成员，会员，社员
energy n.活力；力量
obey vt.服从，顺从
importance n.重要性，重大，价值succeed 成功；达到；完成
381-400
medical a.医学的，医疗的
research n.研究，调查
regard vt.把...视为
patient adj.有耐心的;忍耐的necessary adj.必须的，必需的exactly adj.正；恰恰
design n.设计；构思；谋划
pretend v.假装；佯若
attempt v.试图；企图
pleasure n.愉快；快乐；高兴ancient adj.古代的，古老的，古式的scientific adj.科学的
therefore adv.因此，所以
translate vt.翻译，解释
product n.产品；成果
proper adj.合适的，适宜的；恰当的recently adv.最近
crowd v.挤满，塞满,充满
emotion n.感情；情感；触觉
relative n.亲人；亲属
401-420
including prep.包括；包含
society n.社会；社团
purpose n. 目的，意图
vocabulary n.词汇
recycle vt.再循环；回收利用pronunciation n.发音；发音法specific adj.明确的；详细而精确的memorize vt.记忆；背诵frustrate vt.使失望；使沮丧；使厌烦pronounce v.发…音；正确/清晰地吐(字、音等)
achieve vt.实现，完成
challenge n.挑战
solution n.（问题、疑难等的）解决；解答
complete adj.完整的；完全的
impress vt.使感动；给……深刻印象influence vt.影响；对.....起作用terrify vt.使害怕；使恐惧
afford vt.担负得起(损失、费用、后果等)，买得起
opportunity n.机会，时机
volunteer n.自愿者 v.自愿；自愿服务421-440
energetic adj.有活力的；精力旺盛的confident adj.自信的；有把握的permission n.允许；许可；准许
slight adj.微不足道的；极不重要的represent vt. 代表；表示
rank n.顺序；级别；军衔；社会阶层；排author n.作者，作家，创始人，发起人extremely adv.极其，非常
interview vt.访问；接见；会见
mystery n.神秘的事物；谜entertainment n.乐趣；快乐
feature n.特点；特征
whatever pron 任何(事物);每样（事物）actually adv.实际地；实在地convenient adj.方便的；便利的conclusion n.结论
attitude n.态度；姿势
establish vt.建立；建造；设立organization n.组织；机构；团体；系统specially adj.特意地；专门的
441-460
appreciate vt.感激，欣赏
adjustable adj.可调整的，可校准的embarrassed adj.尴尬的，窘迫的exhausted adj.极其疲惫的；精疲力尽的describe vt.描绘，描写；形容announce vt.宣布；通告
convince vt.使确认；使信服
reveal vt.揭示；揭露
thrill vt.使非常激动，使非常紧张embarrassing adj.令人为难的department n.部；局；部门
offend vt.冒犯，得罪；使...不舒服structure n.结构，构造；
gradually adj.逐渐地；渐渐地
occur vi.发生
particular adj.独特的；特殊的combine vt.结合;联合
campaign n.运动；竞选运动endangered adj.有灭绝危险的；将要绝种的
mysterious adj.神秘的；不可思议的461-480
specially adv.特定地；特殊地；明确地confuse vt.混淆；辨不清；使困惑
guilty adj.有罪的，犯罪的；内疚的appear vi.出现；出面；演出
educate vt.教育；教导；培训
urge vt.强烈要求；竭力主张expression n.表达，表示，措辞，inspiration n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物）
differently adv.不同地；有区别地frustrating adj.令人沮丧的；令人失望的
quickly adv.快地；迅速地
excited adj.激动的；兴奋的
spoken adj.口语的；口说的；口头的challenge n.挑战
complete adj.完整的；完全的
trouble n.困难；苦恼；忧虑
unfair adj. 不公正的、不公平的
easily ad.容易地，轻易地，顺利地disagreement n.分歧；意见不合；不一致unimportant adj.不重要的
481-500
terrify v.使害怕；使恐惧
waste v.浪费；滥用
concentrate v.集中，骤集
design n.设计；构思；谋划
achieve v.实现，完成
importance n.重要性，重大，价值confident adj.自信的；有把握的permission n.允许；许可；准许
fairly adv.相当，完全
knowledgeable adj.知识渊博的；有见识的
represent v. 代表；表示
nearby adj.位置近的；附近不远的
press v.按；压；挤
downstairs adv.顺楼梯而下
correct adj.对的；正确的，准确的helpful adj.有帮助的，有用的，
picnic n.（自带食物的）郊游野餐；聚餐
possibly adj.可能地；或许；也许appointment n.约定，约会
worried adj.烦恼的，焦虑的
501-520
creature n.生物；动物
extremely adv.极其，非常
mystery n.神秘的事物；不可思议的事物；谜
director n.主管；主任
dishonest adj.不诚实的
gentle adj.轻的；低的
sink v.下沉；沉没
latest adj.最近的；最新的entertainment n.乐趣；快乐
feature n.特点；特征
display v. & n.展览；陈列
photograph n.照片；相片
interest v.引起…关注；使…感兴趣whatever pron 任何(事物);每样（事物）energy n.活力；力量
expect v.预计；预料
taste v.品尝；尝......味道
actually adv.实际地；实在地
mainly adv.
主要地；首要地
increase vt.增加，增大
521-540
tiring adj.引起疲劳的；累人的educational adj.教育的；有教育意义的peaceful adj.平静的；宁静的；和平的fascinating adj.迷人的；有极大吸引力的
thrilling adj.令人激动的；令人震颤的consider vt.考虑；思考；认为
lively adj.活泼的;活跃的underground adj.地下的;秘密的general adj.一般的，概括的，全面的translate v.翻译，解释
pack v.把……打包；把……装箱wonderful adj.奇妙的；极好的
finding n.发现(物)
programming n.
编制；规划；设计
translator n.翻译员
sportspeople n.运动员；爱好运动的人hunger n.饿；饥饿
homeless adj.无家可归的advertisement n.广告，公告；广告活动establish vt.建立；建造；设立
541-560
commitment n.奉献；献身
elementary adj.基础的;基本的
coach vt.训练；指导
strategy n.方法；策略
disabled adj.肢体有伤残的organization n.组织；机构；团体；系统pleasure n.愉快；快乐；高兴
specially adj.特意地；专门的appreciate v.感激，欣赏
donate vt.损赠；赠送
throw vt．投，抛掷 (threw，thrown) rank n.顺序；级别；军衔；社会阶层；排notice vt.注意到；看到；留心
indoors adv.（在）室内，（在）户内create vt.创造，创作；创建
develop vt.发展；壮大；完善
popularity n.普及，流行
risen rise的过去分词
worldwide adj.世界性的；世界范围的equipment n.设备，器材，装置
561-575
gotten get的过去分词
broke vt.（动词break的过去式）折断；打破
authority n.权威机构；行政管理机构wonder vt.想知道；觉得奇怪；惊奇trouble vt.使烦恼；麻烦；打扰point vt.指；指向
gradually adj.逐渐地；渐渐地unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的；没有经验的crowd vt.挤满，塞满,充满
rubbish n.垃圾，废物；废话，胡说八道normally adv.平常地；标准地
mislead vt.把…引错方向；给…带错路home-made adj.自制的；家里做的
government n.政府
spotted adj.有斑点的；有点子的
Phrases:
1-20
take a shower 淋浴；洗澡
in order to 为了
a little bit 一点儿；少许
go for a walk 去散步
It is time to... 该是……的时候了。in fact 实际上；其实；确切地说
have to 不得不；必须
as for 至于；关于
of course 当然；自然
look after 照顾；照看
at the moment 此时；现在
take a vacation 去度假
depend on 视……而定；决定于
come over 顺便来访
more than 超出……
in common 共同（的）；共有（的）turn on 打开（电器）
cut up 切碎
mix up 混合在一起
add...to... 把……加到……上
21-40
too...to... 太……以致不能……
take part (in) 参加……；参与……because of 因为；由于
major in 主修；专研
grow up 成长；长大
at the same time 同时
do the dishes 洗餐具
take out 取出
make one's bed 整理床铺
work on 从事；忙于
take care of 照看；照顾
close to 靠近；接近
(not) at all (用于否定句)丝毫(也不),一点(也根本(不)
fall in love with 爱上
be able to 能够……；得以……
come true 实现；达到
in the future 未来；将来
look for 寻找
out of style 不时髦的；过时的
call sb. up 打电话给……
41-60
on the phone 用电话交谈；在通话
pay for 付款
part-time job 兼职工作
the same as 与……同样的
in style 时髦的；流行的
as...as possible 尽可能……
all kinds of 各种；许多
on the one hand （在）一方面
on the other hand （在）另一方面
take off 起飞
hear about 听说
take place 发生
as...as... 像……（一样）
first of all 首先
pass on 传递
do well in 在……方面做得好
in good health 身体健康
get over 克服；恢复；原谅
open up 打开
care for 照料；照顾
61-80
have a good time 玩的愉快
take away 拿走
around the world 在世界各地
make a living 谋生
all the time 一直
run out of 用完；用尽
by the way 顺便；附带说说
be interested in 对……感兴趣
more than 比……多
turn down 调节使音量变小right away 立刻；马上
wait in line 排队等候
cut in line 插队
at first 首先
break the rule 违反规则
fall asleep 入睡
hear of 听说
end up 结束
all year round 一年到头；终年
look through 浏览
at least 至少
to one's surprise使某人惊奇的（是）......
take notes 做笔记；做记录
get along with 与......相处
to be honest 老实说；说实在的
as soon as possible 尽快地
in this way 这样
look up (从词典中)查阅（词或资料），let...down 使.....失望
get married 结婚
used to 过去经常；以前常常
even though 即使；纵然；尽管
pay attention to 对......注意；留心101-120
instead of 代替，而不是
stay up 熬夜
at present 现在，目前
treat v.对待
cheer up 使振奋；使高兴起来
interest v.引起…关注；使…感兴趣pick up 拣起；
be/get used to 习惯于.....
by accident 偶然，意外
take it easy 不紧张；轻松
after all 毕竟
deal with 处理，料理
come true (希望、理想等)实现，达到shake hands 握手
some day 将来总有一天，(日后)某天
fix up 修理；修补
in general 大体上；通常，一般说来
go to sleep 入睡
try one's best 尽力做..... on time 准时
81-100
be stressed out 紧张的；有压力的
hang out 经常出没；闲逛
do chores 处理琐事；干家务
do the laundry 洗衣服
be supposed to 被期望或被要求……keep...down 压低声音；使缓和
give away 赠送；分发
rather than 胜于,宁愿
121-140
take an interest in 对……感兴趣
come along 出现；发生
get in the way 妨碍
make up 组成；构成
what if 如果…将会怎样
let...down 使.....失望
come up with想出，提出
knock into 撞上（某人）
even though 即使；纵然；尽管
take pride in 对…感到自豪
instead of 代替，而不是
concentrate on 全神贯注；专心于
remind of 提醒；使记起
cheer up 使振奋；使高兴起来
on display 展览；陈列
stay away from 与......保持距离
be in agreement 意见一致
thanks to 多亏了......幸亏
look forward to 盼望；期待
belong to 属于；是…的成员
141-160
provide …with 给......提供；
aim at 瞄准；针对
for instance 例如；比如
make mistakes 犯错；出错
later on 以后；随后
be afraid to 害怕去做……
laugh at 笑话；取笑（某人）
make up 组成；构成
be angry with 对...感到生气；愤怒
go by (指时间）过去；消逝
break off 突然中止；中断used to 过去经常；以前常常
be terrified of 害怕……；恐惧……in the end 最后，终于
even though 即使；纵然；尽管
no longer 不再，已不
take pride in 对…感到自豪
pay attention to 对...注意；留心give up 放弃
stay up 熬夜
161-180
at present 现在，目前
care about 担心；关心
in the slightest 一点也；根本come out 出版；发表
use up 用完；用光；耗尽
turn off 关掉
be bad for 对…有害的，有坏处的take it easy 不紧张；轻松
come true (希望、理想等)实现，达到clean up 打扫干净；梳理整齐
give out 分发；发出
put off 推迟；拖延
set up 建立；创立；开办
think up 想出
take after 与(父、母)相像
fix up 修理；修补
put up 展示；张贴
hand out 分发；发放
work out 结局；至最后；结果为
at once 立刻，马上
181-205
be used for 用来做.....
by mistake 错误地
by accident 偶然，意外
fall into 落入；陷于；河流注入
in this way 这样
knock into 撞上（某人）
by the time 到...的时候
run off 迅速离开；跑掉
break down 损坏；坏掉
show up 出席，露面
set off 激起；引起
get married 结婚
hang out 闲荡
dress up 盛装；装扮，装饰，修饰hand in 交上；递上
drop by 访问；拜访
after all 毕竟
pick up 拣起；
make noise 发出令人不愉快的声音table manners 餐桌礼仪
be/get used to 习惯于..... keep out (使)留在外面/（使）不进入aim at 瞄准；针对be off 离开；走开
so far 到目前为止thousands of 成千上万的
四检测性综合练习学案
编写教师：徐本问周婵李晴
本学案为初高中衔接综合性练习材料，均选自近三年山东省中考试题，主要目的是了解同学们初中英语综合能力水平，回顾初中所学知识以及帮助大家尽快进入良好的学习状态，为高一新学期学习做好准备。
试题一
第Ⅰ卷
第一节语法和词汇（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从每小题A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。26. —Would you like some ______?
—Yes, a little please.
A. apple
B. banana
C. orange
D. milk
27. —Can I help you, boy?
—Yes. There is ______ wrong with my bike.
A. something
B. anything
C. everything
D. nothing
28. The accident happened ______ a cold winter early morning.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. for
29. —Do you know ______ he is going to stay in Shenzhen?
—So rry, I don’t know. Maybe a few weeks, but I’m not sure.
A. when
B. how long
C. what time
D. how soon
30. —I want a ticket to Shanghai this afternoon, please.
—OK. Will you please ______ me your ID card?
A. tell
B. serve
C. send
D. show
31. —I hear Mr. Zhang has gone to Beijing for a meeting.
—Really? Do you know when he ______?
A. leaves
B. was leaving
C. has left
D. left
32. —Mum, when can I watch TV?
—As soon as your homework ______.
A. finish
B. finished
C. is finished
D. will be finished
33. Don’t ______ so often. It’s bad for your health.
A. get up
B. stay up
C. look up
D. come up
34. The population problem may be ______ one of the world today.
A. the most
B. most difficult
C. the greatest
D.more interesting
35. —I’m leaving now.
—______ you turn off the lights and the computer.
A. To make sure
B. Make sure
C. Made sure
D. Making sure
36. —Can I go to the park, Mum?
—Certainly. But you ______ be back by six o’clock.
A. can
B. may
C. might
D. must
37. —Could we go and watch the football game?
—No, ______ you have the tickets.
A. if
B. unless
C. because
D. since
38. I hate people ______ talk much but do little.
A. who
B. which
C. whose
D. whom
39. I don’t know ______ Apple iphone4s.
A. that she is so crazy about
B. what is she so crazy about
C. why she is so crazy about
D. how she is so crazy about
40. —I am too tired to walk any farther, Jack.
—______, Daniel. You can do it.
A. No hurry
B. No problem
C. That’s all
D. Come on
第二节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能填入短文相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Jim is the son of a farm owner. One New Year’s Day, when he was 15 years old, his father 41 him to work on the farm for one year at his free time. Jim was 42 with his father’s idea. “That isn’t my job. I have 43 school work to do.” At hearing this, his father said, “I promise (答应) to give you the best present if you 44 finish one year’s work.” Jim thought for a while and 45 .
Starting one Saturday, the boy got up early and worked 46 until evening, just like any other farmer. Time passed 47 . Jim’s crops grew very well. On the last day of the year, the father called his son to him. “I’m happy to see that you have worked very hard the whole year,” said the father. “Now, tell me 48 you want.”
The boy smiled and showed his father a big piece of bread made from his wheat. “I’ve already got the 49 present. No pains, no gains. I think this is what you wanted me to 50 .” His father was ve ry pleased to hear that.
41. A. asked B. invited C. promised D. helped
42. A. happy B. unhappy C. excited D. familiar
43. A. a few B. so little C. too much D. too many
44. A. shall B. must C. need D. can
45. A. refused B. answered C. agreed D. began
46. A. hard B. hardly C. easily D. difficultly
47. A. fast B. quickly C. slowly D. immediately
48. A. that B. which C. how D. what
49. A. least B. worst C. best D. smallest
50. A. decide B. like C. take D. know
第三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。