英语二 资料

英语二资料

Part 1 将下列短文译成汉语(1)

Passage 1

How men first learnt to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we have really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions, and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to present those sounds, and which could be written down. These sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, are called words.

The power of words, then, lies in their ociations—the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words the mean something increase.

Passage 2

A characteristic of Amercian culture that has become almost a tradition is to respect the selfmade man—the man who has risen to the top through his own efforts, usually beginning by working with his hands. While the leader in business or industry or the college professor occupies a higher social position and commands greater respect in the community than the common laborer or even the skilled factory worker, he may take pains to point out that his father started life in America as a farmer or laborer of some sort.

Passage 3

For most of us, work is the central, dominating fact of life. We spend more than half our conscious hours at work, preparing for work, travelling to and from work. What we do there largely determines our standard of living and to considerable extent the status we are accorded(给予) by our fellow citizens as well. It is sometimes said that because leisure has become more important, the indignities and injustices of work can be pushed into a corner, that because most work is pretty intolerable, the people who do it should compensate for its boredom, frustrations and humiliations by concentrating their hopes on the other parts of their lives.

Passage 4

There are many aspects the women?s liberation movement. Some women agree with all of the goals of women?s liberation. They want full equality with men in every aspect of life. In marriage, they want husband and wives to share all of the work and responsibilities of a home and family. In work, they want women and men to have the same jobs and the same chance to succeed. They want women to be paid just as much as men for the same work. Other women agree with only some of the ideas of women?s liberation. They want the same pay if they hold the same job as men. At home, however, they do not expect their husbands to share in the cleaning, cooking, and other houshold jobs.

Part 2 阅读理解(1)

Passage one

Until the 1980s, the American homeless population comprised mainly older males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact, a 25-city survey by the U.S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with children make up the fastest growing part of the homeless population. Many homeless children gather in inner cities; this transient(变化无常的) and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems—both legal and eduational—for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers.

Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three million. Likewise, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates, states that there are 220 000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis. But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children, and that less than half of them attend school regularly.

One part of the homeless pupulation that is particularly difficult to count consists of the “throw away” youths who have been cast of their homes. The Elementary School Center in New York City estimates that there are 1.5 million of them, many of whom are not counted as children because they do not stay in family shelters and tend to live by

themselves on the streets.

Federal law, the Stewart B.McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education.

1. It is implied in the first paragraph that . ( )

A. the writer himself is homeless, even in his eighties

B. many older on seless residents are going on strike in 25 cities

C. there is a serious shortage of academic facilities

D. homeless children are denied the opportunity of receiving free education

2. The National Coalition for the homeless believes that the number of homeless children is .( )

A. 350 000

B. 1 500 000

C. 440 000

D. 110 000

3. One part of the homeless population is difficult to estimate. The reason might well be .( )

A. the homeless children are too young to be counted as children

B. the homeless population is growing rapidly

C. the homeless children usually stay outside school

D. some homeless children are deserted by their families

4. The McKinney Act is mentioned in this passage in order to show that .( )

A. the educational problems of homeless children are being recognized

B. the estimates on homeless children are hard to determine

C. the address of grade-school children should be located

D. all homeless people are entitled to free education

5. The passage mainly deals with . ( )

A. the legal problems of the homeless children

B. the educational problems of homeless children

C. the social status of older males

D. estimates on the homeless population

Passage two

Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep up a diary of all their absent-minded actions for a fortnight. When he came to analyze their embarrassing lapses(差错) in a scientific report, he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings. Nor did the lapses appear to be entirely random(随机的).

One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. “The explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer,”explains the professor. “People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the woman?s custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earring. But somehow the action got reversed in the programme.”About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these “programme assembly failures”.

Altogether the volunteer logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doing—an average of twelve each. There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest(荒谬可笑的). There are two hours some tim between eight a.m. and noon, between four and six p.n. with a smaller peak between eight and ten p.m. “Among men the

peak seems to be when a changeover in brain …programmes? occurs, as for instance between going to and from work.” Women on average reported slightly more lapses—12.5 compared with 10.9 for men—probably because they were more reliable reporters.

A startling finding of the research is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse—even dangerous.

6. In his study Professor Smith asked the subjects . ( )

A. to keep track of people who tend to forget things

B. to report their embarrassing lapses at random

C. to analyze their awkward experiences scientifically

D. to keep a record of what they did unintentionally

7. Professor Smith discovered that . ( )

A. certain patterns can be identified in the recorded incidents

B. many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent-mindedness

C. men tend to be more absent-minded than women

D. absent-mindedness is an excusable human weakness

8. “Programme assembly failures”(Line 6, Para.2 ) refers to the phenomenon that people . ( )

A. often fail to programme their routines beforehand

B. tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurry

C. unconsciously change the sequence of doing things

D. are likely to mess things up if they are too tired

9. We learn from the third paragraph that . ( )

A. absent-mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the day

B. women are very careful to perform actions during peak periods

C. women experience more peak periods of absent-mindedness

D. men?s absent-mindedness often results in funny situations

10. It can be concluded from the passage that . ( )

A. people should avoided doing important things during peak periods of lapses

B. hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good at

C. people should be careful when programming their actions

D. lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentration

Passage three

Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Now, there are people who look for an immediate excitement from a risky activity which may only last a few minutes or even seconds.

I would consider bungee jumping（蹦极）to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place 200 meters above the ground with an elastic(弹性的) rope tied to your feet. You fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is said that about 2 million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other avtivities which most people would say are as risky as bungee jumping include jumping form tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs.

Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Not very long ago, people?s

lives were constantly in danger. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured, and life was a continuous battle for survival.

Nowadays, according to many people, life offers littele excitement. They live and work in quite safe conditions: they buy food in shops, and there are doctors and hospitals to look after then if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping.

11. Of the risky activities, bungee jumping . ( )

A. offers an immediate excitement

B. is a fashion

C. makes one relaxed

D. makes one brave

12. In bungee jumping, you . ( )

A. jump as high as you can

B. slide down a rope to the ground

C. tie yourself to a rope and fall

D. fall without a rope

13. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. About 200 000 people in the world have tried bungee jumping

B. In order to keep one safe, a rope is tied to the feet of the jumper

C. Diving into the sea from the top of the cliffs is much more dangerous than bungee jumping

D. Many people nowadays feel life dull because they haven?t tried bungee jumping

14. The writer of the passage has a attitude towards dangerous sports.

A. positive

B. negative

C. neutral

D. critical

15. The best title for the passage is . ( )

A. Dangerous Sports: What and Why

B. Boredom of Modern Life

C. Bungee Jumping: Is It Really Dangerous?

D. Need for Exercise

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自学考试英语二真题卷 及答案 文件管理序列号：[K8UY-K9IO69-O6M243-OL889-F88688]

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