2016雅思核心话题词汇讲义
剑桥雅思词汇
UNIT 1 GROWING UP Nouns：
adolescence[?d?'les(?)ns]：青春期adulthood ['?d?lth?d]：成年
bond [b?nd]：关系，结合brotherhood ['br?e?h?d]：兄弟关系character ['k?r?kt?]：性格childhood ['t?a?ldh?d]：童年
conflict ['k?nfl?kt]：冲突connection [k?'n?k??n]：关系fatherhood ['fɑ?e?h?d]：父亲的身份friendship ['fren(d)??p]：友谊
instinct['?nst??(k)t]：灵感interaction [?nt?r'?k?(?)n]：互动，交流motherhood ['m?e?h?d]：母亲的身份nature ['ne?t??]：自然
parent ['pe?r(?)nt]：父母
relation [r?'le??(?)n]：关系relationship [r?'le??(?)n??p]：关系relative ['rel?t?v]：亲戚resemblance [r?'zembl(?)ns]：相似之处rivalry ['ra?v(?)lr?]：竞争
sibling ['s?bl??]：同胞
teenager ['tined??]：十几岁的青少年temperament ['temp(?)r?m(?)nt]：性格
ties [taiz]：联系
upbringing ['?pbr????]：成长
Compound nouns：
active role：积极的角色extended family：大家庭
family gathering：家庭团聚immediate family：直系家庭maternal instinct：母性
sibling rivalry：手足之争
stable upbringing：稳定的成长striking resemblance：惊人的相似
Adjectives：
close [kl??s]：亲密的
close-knit ['kl?us'nit]：紧密的maternal [m?'t??n(?)l]：母性的parental [p?'rentl]：父母的rewarding [r?'w??d??]：有回报的
stable ['ste?b(?)l]：稳定的
Verbs
accommodate [?'k?m?de?t]：给…提供便利；给…提供住处adopt [?'d?pt]：采取
break down：破裂
develop [d?'vel?p]：发展
endure [?n'dj??]：持久
establish [?'st?bl??]：建立
have sth in common：有共同之处
inherit [?n'her?t]：继承
interact [?nt?r'?kt]：互动
nurture ['n??t??]：培养
play a role：扮演一个角色
relate [r?'le?t]（to）：叙述UNIT 2 MENTAL AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Nouns：
ability [?'b?l?t?]：能力
adolescent [?d?'les(?)nt]：青少年
behavior [b?'hevj?]：行为
childhood ['t?a?ldh?d]：童年
concept ['k?nsept]：概念consequence ['k?ns?kw(?)ns]：结果
gesture ['d?est??]：姿势
growth [gr??θ]：增长
height [ha?t]：高度
imagination [?,m?d??'ne??(?)n]：想像
infancy ['?nf(?)ns?]：婴儿期
infant ['?nf(?)nt]：婴儿
knowledge ['n?l?d?]：知识
maturity [m?'t???r?t?]：成熟
memory ['mem(?)r?]：记忆力
milestone ['ma?lst??n]：里程碑
mind [ma?nd]：想法
peers [p?rs]：同龄人
period ['p??r??d]：时期
phase [fe?z]：时期
rate [re?t]：比率
reminder [r?'ma?nd?]：提醒物
social skills：社会技能
skill [sk?l]：技能
stage [ste?d?]：阶段
toddler ['tɑdl?]：学步的小孩
transition [tr?n'z??(?)n]：过渡
Adjectives
abstract ['?bstr?kt]：抽象的cognitive ['kɑɡn?t?v]：认知的clumsy ['kl?mz?]：笨拙的
fond [f?nd]：喜爱的
fully-grown：完全长成的immature [,?m?'tj??]：不成熟的independent [,?nd?'pend?nt]：独立的irresponsible [?r?'sp?ns?b(?)l]：不负责任的mature [m?'t???]：成熟的
patient ['pe??(?)nt]：有耐心的rebellious [r?'belj?s]：逆反的significant [s?g'n?f?k(?)nt]：重要的tolerant ['t?l(?)r(?)nt]：容忍的
Verbs
acquire [?'kwa??]：获得
develop [d?'vel?p]：发展
gesture ['d?est??]：做手势
grow [gr??]：成长，增长
imitate ['?m?te?t]：模仿
look back：回顾
master ['mɑ?st?]：掌握
mature [m?'t???]：变成熟remember [r?'memb?]：记得
remind [r?'ma?nd]：提醒reminisce [,rem?'n?s]：回忆
throw a tantrum ['t?ntr?m]：发脾气visualise ['vizju?laiz]：使…具体化
Adverbs：
typically ['t?p?kli]：典型地
Phrases with mind：
bear in mind：记住
broaden the mind：拓展眼界
have something in mind：有主意了
have something on your mind：心里有事
it sipped my mind：忘了
keep an open mind：不抱成见
my mind went black：大脑一片空白
put your mind at ease：放松UNIT 3 KEEPING FIT Nouns：
allergy ['?l?d??]：过敏
anxiety [??'za??t?]：焦虑appetite ['?p?ta?t]：胃口
artery ['ɑ?t?r?]：血管
asset ['?set]：财产benefit ['ben?f?t]：益处cravings ['kre?v??s]：渴望depression [d?'pre?(?)n]：绝望diagnosis [,da??g'n??s?s]：诊断diet ['da??t]：饮食dietician [,dai?'ti??n]：饮食学家disease [d?'zi?z]：疾病
（easting）disorder [d?s'??d?]：（饮食）失调exercise ['eks?sa?z]：锻炼factor ['f?kt?]：因素
fast food：快餐
fat [f?t]：脂肪
harm [hɑ?m]：伤害
health [helθ]：健康
heart attack：心脏病infection [?n'fek?(?)n]：传染ingredients [?n'gri?d??nts]：原料insomnia [?n's?mn??]：失眠intake ['?nte?k]：摄入
junk food [d???k]：垃圾食品muscle ['m?s(?)l]：肌肉nutrient ['nju?tr??nt]：营养物nutrition [nj?'tr??(?)n]：营养obesity [o'b?s?ti]：肥胖onset ['?nset]：开始portion ['p???(?)n]：份
risk [r?sk]：风险serving ['s??v??]：份
stress [stres]：压力
stroke [str??k]：中风treatment ['tri?tm(?)nt]：治疗therapy ['θer?p?]：治疗variety [v?'ra??t?]：多样weight [we?t]：重量
Adjectives：
acute [?'kju?t]急剧的allergic [?'l??d??k]：过敏的alternate ['??lt?ne?t]：轮换的brisk [br?sk]：快速的chronic ['kr?n?k]：慢性的harmful ['hɑ?mf?l]：有害的healthy ['helθ?]：健康的infectious [?n'fek??s]：传染的
moderate ['m?d(?)r?t]：适度的
obese [?(?)'bi?s]：肥胖的overweight [??v?'we?t]：超重的persistent [p?'s?st(?)nt]：持续的regular ['regj?l?]：有规律的
vital ['va?t(?)l]：重要的
Verbs：
avoid [?'v??d]：避免counteract [ka?nt?r'?kt]：抵消
curb [k??b]：遏制
cure [kj??]：治愈
diminish [d?'m?n??]：使减少
disrupt [d?s'r?pt]：破坏eliminate [?'l?m?ne?t]：清除maintain [me?n'te?n]：维持
overdo [??v?'du?]：把…做得过分overeat [??v?r'i?t]：过度饮食prevent [pr?'vent]：阻止recommend [rek?'mend]：推荐recover [r?'k?v?]：恢复
reduce [r?'dju?s]：减少
skip [sk?p]：跳过
stimulate ['st?mj?le?t]：刺激
trigger ['tr?g?]：引起UNIT 4 LIFESTYLES Nouns：
activity [?k't?v?t?]：活动
aspect ['?spekt]：方面
attitude ['?t?tju?d]：态度
（achieve a）balance ['b?l(?)ns]：（达到一个）平衡competition [k?mp?'t??(?)n]：比赛，竞争creativity [,kri?e?'t?v?t?]：创造力
daily routine [ru?'ti?n]：日常工作desire [d?'za??]：愿望disappointment [d?s?'p??ntm(?)nt]：失望experience [?k'sp??r??ns]：经历，经验fulfillment [f?l'f?lm?nt]：实现，成就
goal [g??l]：目标
hobby ['h?b?]：爱好
insight ['?nsa?t]：洞察力
leisure ['le??]：休闲
lifestyle ['la?fsta?l]：生活方式optimist ['ɑpt?m?st]：乐观主义者outlook ['a?tl?k]：展望，观点
opportunity [?p?'tju?n?t?]：机会personality [p??s?'n?l?t?]：性格pessimist ['p?s?m?st]：悲观主义者priority [pra?'?r?t?]：优先权pressure ['pre??]：压力realist ['r??l?st]：现实主义者
risk-taker：敢于冒险的人
self-expression：自我表达sense [sens]：感觉Adjectives：
active ['?kt?v]：积极地bored [b?rd]：无聊的confused [k?n'fjuzd]：疑惑的dissatisfied [d?s's?t?sfa?d]：不满意的intense [?n'tens]：集中的materialistic [m?'t?r??'l?st?k]：物质的negative ['neg?t?v]：消极的outdoor ['a?td??]：户外的positive ['p?z?t?v]：积极的recreational [,r?kri'e??n?l]：娱乐的Verbs：
achieve [?'t?i?v]：实现，达到appeal [?'pi?l]：吸引attract [?'tr?kt]：吸引choose [t?u?z]：选择express [?k'spres]：表达enjoy [?n'd???]：享受
fulfill [f?l'f?l]：实现，履行improve [?m'pru?v]：提高motivate ['m??t?ve?t]：激发participate [pɑ?'t?s?pe?t]：参加regret [r?'gret]：后悔
relax [r?'l?ks]：放松satisfy ['s?t?sfa?]：满足
Verb phrases：
lead a happy life：过上一个幸福的生活live life on the edge：过惊险的生活live life to the full：充实的生活make a choice：做出选择make a decision：做决定make a living：谋生
meet a need：满足一个需求miss（an opportunity）：错失（一个机会）play a role：扮演一个角色
put pressure on：增加压力
set（a goal）设定（一个目标）
take part（in）：参加
work hard for a living：努力工作谋生
Phrases with life or living：
all walks of life：各行各业
cost of living：生活成本
lifelong ambition：一生的抱负
living expenses：生活费
once in a lifetime opportunity：千载难逢的机会standard of living：生活水平
way of life：生活方式UNIT 5 STUDENT LIFE
Nouns
assignment [??sainm?nt]: 作业，任务
college [?k?lid?]: 大学，学院
controversy[?k?ntr?v?:si]: 争辩，争论
curriculum[k??rikjul?m]: 课程
dissertation[?dis??tei??n]: （博士）论文，专题论文education[?edju(:)?kei??n]: 教育
exam[ig?z?m]: 考试
field（of study）[fi:ld]: 领域
findings[?faindi?]: 调查结果
funding ['f?ndi?]: 资金
grade [greid]: 年级
graduation[?gr?d?u?ei??n]: 毕业
grant[grɑ:nt]: 拨款，授予物
high school [`haI?skul; ˋhaisku:l]: 高中
homework[?h?umw?:k]: 家庭作业
junior school[?d?u:ni?sku:l]: 中学
kindergarten [?kind??gɑ:tn]: 幼儿园
learning disorder: 学习障碍
lecture [?lekt??]: 演讲
library[?laibr?ri]: 图书馆
limits ['limits]: 极限
Masters ['mɑ:st?s]: 硕士
nursery[?n?:s?ri]: 托儿所，幼儿园
PhD: 博士
primary school[?praim?risku:l]: 小学
program[?pr?ugr?m]: 计划，程序
project[?pr?d?ekt, pr??d?ekt]: 项目
research [ri?s?:t?]: 研究，调查
resource [ri?s?:s]: 资源
results [ri'z?lts]: 结果
scholarship [?sk?l??ip, ?skɑl?r-]: 奖学金
scope [sk?up]: 范围，余地
secondary school [?sek?nd?risku:l]: 中学
source[s?:s]: 来源，发源地
syllabus [?sil?b?s]: 教学纲要
task [tɑ:sk]: 任务，工作，作业
theory [?θi?ri]: 理论，原理
thesis [?θi:sis]: 论文，毕业论文
tutor [?tju:t?]: 导师
topic[?t?pik]: 话题，主题
university[?ju:ni?v?:siti]: 大学
Adjectives
academic [??k??demik]: 学术的
eligible [?elid??b?l]: 有条件被选中的
mixed [mikst]: 混合的
postgraduate [?p?ust?gr?djuit]: 大学毕业后的，研究院的
relevant [?rel?v?nt]: 相关的
senior [?si:ni?]: 高级的
single-sex [?si?g?lseks]: 单一性别的
studious[`stjudI?s; ˋstju:dj?s]: 好学的
work-related[w?:kri?leitid]: 工作相关的
Verbs
adopt (an approach)[??d?pt]: 采纳
analyse [??n?laiz]: 分析
conduct [?k?nd?kt, ?k?nd?kt]: 管理，指挥
concentrate [?k?ns?ntreit]: 集中
consider [k?n?sid?]: 考虑
find out[?faind ?aut]: 找出，查明
graduate [?gr?djueit]: 毕业
learn (about) [l?:n]: 学习，了解
organize [??:g?naiz]: 组织
overcome[??uv??k?m]: 战胜，客服
review [ri?vju:]: 复习，回顾
revise[ri?vaiz]: 修改
struggle [?str?gl]: 奋斗，斗争
take (a course)[teik]: 修，学
Adverbs
relatively [?rel?tivli]: 比较地，相对地
UNIT 6 EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION Nouns
accuracy[??kjur?si]: 准确，精确
communication[k??mju:ni?kei??n]: 交流，沟通
concept [?k?nsept]: 观念，概念
conjecture [k?n?d?ekt??]: 推测
dialect [?dai?lekt]: 方言
fluency['flu:?nsi]: 流利，刘畅
gesture [?d?est??]: 姿势，手势hesitation[?hezi?tei??n]: 犹豫
language [?l??gwid?]: 语言
language barrier: 语言障碍
linguist [?li?gwist]: 语言学家linguistics [li??gwistiks]: 语言学means of communication: 交流工具mother tongue: 母语
native speaker: 说母语的人pronunciation [pr??n?nsi?ei??n]: 发音sign language: 符号语言
vocabulary [v??k?bjul?ri, v?u-]: 词汇Adjectives
incoherent [?ink?u?hi?r?nt]: 不连贯的inherent [in?hi?r?nt]: 内在的，固有的sophisticated [s??fistikeitid]: 老练的spontaneous [sp?n?teini?s]: 自发的Verbs
clarify [?kl?rifai]: 澄清
communicate [k??mju:nikeit]: 交流comprehend [?k?mpri?hend]: 理解，领会conclude [k?n?klu:d]:推断
confirm [k?n?f?:m]: 确认，证实converse [?k?nv?:s]: 交谈
define[di?fain]: 下定义
demonstrate [?dem?nstreit]: 显示，说明distinguish [di?sti?gwi?]: 区别
emerge [i?m?:d?]: 显露，发生
evolve[i?v?lv]: 发展，进化
explain [ik?splein]: 解释，说明express[ik?spres]: 表示，表达
gesture [?d?est??]: 做手势
illustrate [?il?streit]: 说明，阐明
imply[im?plai]: 暗示
indicate [?indikeit]: 指出
pronounce [pr??nauns]: 发音，宣布recall [ri?k?(:)l]: 回忆
signify[?signifai]: 预示
state [steit]: 陈述，说明
stutter [?st?t?]: 口吃，结巴
suggest[s??d?est]: 建议
translate [tr?nz?leit, tr?ns-]: 翻译
Idioms
there is something to be said for 有什么可说的
needless to say 不必说
have a say 有发言权
when all is said and done 当一切都说过做过
having said that 话说回来
to say the least 最起码
You can say that again !你再说一遍
that is to say 就是说，即
UNIT 7 ON THE MOVE Nouns
accommodation[??k?m??dei??n]: 住宿
attraction [??tr?k??n]: 吸引
community [k??mju:niti]: 社区，团体
countryside [?k?ntrisaid]: 农村，乡下
destination [?desti?nei??n]: 目的地，终点
eco-tourism [?ek??tu?riz?m]: 生态旅游
effect [i?fekt]: 结果，影响
facilities [f?'silitiz]: 设施，设备
identification [ai?dentifi?kei??n]: 身份证明，认出inhabitant[in?h?bit?nt]: 居民，住户
itinerary[ai?tin?r?ri]: 旅行路线
journey [?d??:ni]: 旅行
landscape [?l?ndskeip]: 风景
luggage [?l?gid?]: 行李
peak[pi:k]: 峰
tourism[?tu?riz?m]: 旅游事业
tourist [?tu?rist]: 游客
transport [?tr?nsp?:t]: 运输
travel[?tr?v?l]: 旅行，游历
trend [trend]: 趋势，走向
trip [trip]: 旅行，旅游
village [?vilid?]: 乡村，村庄
Adjective
adventurous[?d?vent??r?s]: 冒险的
budget[?b?d?it]: 低廉的
breathtaking [?breθ?teiki?]: 惊人的
coastal ['k?ustl]: 沿海的
cosmopolitan[?k?zm??p?lit?n]: 全球的，四海为家的diverse [dai?v?:s]: 多种多样的
flexible [?fleks?b?l]: 灵活的
foreign [?f?rin]: 外国的
local [?l?uk?l]: 地方的
luxurious[l?g?zju?ri?s]: 奢侈的
mountainous [?mauntin?s]: 多山的
peaceful [?pi:sf?l]: 平静的，宁静的
picturesque [?pikt???resk]: 美丽如画的
polluted[p?'lu:tid]: 被污染的
quaint [kweint]: 古香古色的
remote [ri?m?ut]: 偏远的
rough [r?f]: 粗糙的，艰难的
rural [?ru?r?l]: 农村的
scenic[?si:nik]: 景色的
stunning [?st?ni?]: 极有魅力的
tough [t?f]: 困难的
traditional [tr??di??n?l]: 传统的
unspoilt [?n'sp?ilt]: 未受损害的
urban[??:b?n]: 城市的
Verbs
affect[??fekt]: 影响
fluctuate [?fl?kt?ueit]: 波动，起伏
UNIT 8 THROUGH THE AGES Nouns
age [eid?]: 年龄，时代
archaeologist [?ɑ:ki??l?d?ist]: 考古学家
century [?sent??ri]: 世纪，百年
decade[?dekeid]: 十年
era [?i?r?]: 时代，纪元
evidence [?evid?ns]: 证据
excavation [?eksk??vei??n]: 发掘，挖掘
generation [?d?en??rei??n]: 一代人
the Middle Ages: 中世纪
millennia [mi'leni?] : 一千年
period[?pi?ri?d]: 一段时间
phase[feiz]: 阶段，方面
pioneer[?pai??ni?]: 先驱
timeline: 时间表
Adjectives
ancient[?ein??nt]: 古老的
chronological [?kr?n??l?d?ik?l]: 按时间顺序的
consecutive [k?n?sek jutiv]: 连续的，连贯的
historical [his?t?rik?l]: 历史的
imminent[?imin?nt]: 即将发生的
middle-aged [?midl?eid?id]: 中年的
nostalgic [n??st?ld?ik]: 怀旧的
prehistoric[?pri:hi?st?rik]: 史前的
prior [?prai?]: 优先的
punctual[?p??ktju?l]: 准时的
time-consuming['taimk?n?sju:mi?]: 消耗时间的
Verb
erode [i?r?ud]: 侵蚀
infer [in?f?:]: 推论，推断
predate [pri:'deit]: 早于
span [sp?n]: 跨越
Phases with time
in time: 及时
lose track of time: 失去的时间
on time: 准时
save time: 节约时间
spend time: 花时间
take so long: 花长时间
the right time: 合适的时间
Adverbs
chronologically [?kr?n??l?d?ik?l]: 按时间顺序的
formerly [?f?:m?li]: 从前
previously [?pri:vi?sli]: 预先；以前
subsequently [?s?bsikw?ntli]: 其次，接着
UNIT 9THE NATURAL WORLD Nouns
agriculture['?grik?lt??]：农业
animal kingdom：动物王国
burrow['b?r?u]：地洞
climate['klaimit]：气候
crop [kr?p]：农作物
decline [di'klain]：下降
den [den]：兽穴
disaster[di'zɑ:st?]：灾难
ecological [.ek?'l?d?ik?l]：生态的
ecology [i:'k?l?d?i]：生态
evolution [.i:v?'lu:??n]：进化
extinction [iks'ti?k??n]：消失灭绝
fauna ['f?:n?]：所有动物（某一地区）
flora ['fl?:r?]：植物群落
genetics [d?i'netiks]：遗传学
habitat ['h?bit?t]：栖息地
human nature：人类本性
insect ['insekt]：昆虫
Mother Nature：自然的力量
pesticide ['pestisaid]:杀虫剂
predator ['pred?t?]：掠夺者
prey [prei]：被扑食者
repercussions [ri:p?(:)'k???ns]：反响
scent [sent]：气味
species ['spi:?i:z]：物种
soil [s?il]：土壤
vegetation [.ved?i'tei??n]：植物
vermin ['v?:min]：害虫
weed [wi:d]：杂草
Adjectives
arid ['?rid]：干燥的
catastrophic [.k?t?'str?fik]：灾难性的
disastrous [di'zɑ:str?s]：灾难性的
domesticated [d?'mestikeitid]：驯养的
endangered [in'deind??d]：频于灭绝的
extinct [iks'ti?kt]：灭绝的
genetically-modified [d?e'netik?li]-['m?difaid]：基因改造的introduced [.intr?'dju:s]：引进的
native ['neitiv]：当地的
natural ['n?t??r?l]：自然的
resistant [ri'zist?nt]：抵抗的
semi-arid：半干旱的
tropical ['tr?pik?l]：热带的
vulnerable ['v?ln?r?bl]:脆弱的
wild [waild]：野生的
Verbs
adapt [?'d?pt]：适应
combat ['kɑ:mb?t]：战斗
cultivate ['k?ltiveit]：培养
eradicate [i'r?dikeit]：根除
evolve [i'v?lv]：进化
hibernate ['haib?neit]：冬眠
tolerate ['t?l?reit]：容忍
UNIT10REACHING FOR THE SKIES Nouns
asteroid ['?st?r?id]:小行星
astronaut ['?str?n?:t]：宇航员
atmosphere ['?tm?sfi?]：大气
cosmos ['k?zm?s]：宇宙
crater ['kreit?]：火山口
debris [d?'bri:]：残骸
earth[?:θ]：地球
exploration[.ekspl?:'rei??n]：探索
explorer[iks'pl?:r?]：探险者
galaxy['g?l?ksi]：星系
gas[g?s]：气体
gravity['gr?viti]：重力
horizon[h?'raizn]：地平线
launch [l?:nt?]：发射
meteor ['mi:ti?]：流星
moon [mu:n]：月球
ocean ['?u??n]：海洋
orbit ['?:bit]：轨道
outer space：外太空
planet ['pl?nit]：行星
radiation [.reidi'ei??n]：辐射
rocket ['r?kit]：火箭
satellite ['s?t?lait]：卫星
simulator ['simjuleit?]：模拟器
solar system：太阳系
space [speis]：太空
spacecraft ['speiskrɑ:ft]：宇宙飞船
space shuttle：航天飞机
space station：空间站
surface ['s?:fis]：表面
universe ['ju:niv?:s]：宇宙weightlessness['weitlisnis]：失重Adjectives
commercial [k?'m?:??l]：商业的
cosmic ['k?zmik]：宇宙的
extreme [iks'tri:m]：极端的gravitational ['gr?v?'tei??n?l]：重力的horizontal[.h?ri'z?ntl]：水平的inevitable[.h?ri'z?ntl]：不可避免的
lunar['lu:n?]：月亮的
meteoric[mi:ti'?rik]：大气的
outer['aut?]:外部的
solar['s?ul?]：太阳的
terrestrial[ti'restri?l]：地球的
toxic['t?ksik]：有毒的
uninhabitable[.?nin'h?bit?bl]：不宜居住的universal[.ju:ni'v?:s?l]：普遍的unmanned[.?n'm?nd]：无人操纵的Verbs
acclimatize [?'klaim?taiz]：使适应环境colonise ['k?l?.naiz]：殖民
explore [iks'pl?:]：探险
float [fl?ut]：漂浮
orbit ['?:bit]：绕轨道而行
propel [pr?'pel]：推动
rotate [r?u'teit]：旋转
sustain [s?s'tein]：支撑
simulate['simjuleit]：模拟
undergo[.?nd?'g?u]：经历
UNIT11DESIGN AND INNOV ATION Nouns
balcony ['b?lk?ni]:阳台
brick [brik]：砖头
ceiling ['si:li?]：天花板
concrete ['k?nkri:t]：水泥
construction [k?n'str?k??n]：建设
cottage ['k?tid?]：小屋
design [di'zain]：设计
device [di'vais]：装置
elevator ['eliveit?]：电梯
engineering [.end?i'ni?ri?]：工程学
frame [freim]：框架
gadget ['g?d?it]：小机件
housing ['hauzi?]：房屋
innovation [.in?u'vei??n]：革新
invention [in'ven??n]：发明
landmark ['l?ndmɑ:k]：地标
lift shaft：升降梯
occupant ['?kjup?nt]：居住者
platform ['pl?tf?:m]：月台
quarry ['kw?ri]：采石场
residence ['rezid?ns]：住处
skyscraper ['skaiskreip?]：摩天大楼
staircase ['st??keis]：楼梯
steel [sti:l]：钢铁
storage ['st?:rid?]：仓库
structure ['str?kt??]：结构
tension ['ten??n]：张力
timber ['timb?]：木材
Adjectives
airy ['??ri]：通风的
conventional [k?n'ven??nl]：传统的
cosy ['k?uzi]：舒适温暖的
cramped ['kr?mpt]：狭窄的
curved [k?:vd]：弯曲的
disposable [di'sp?uz?bl]：一次性的
domestic [d?'mestik]:国内的
exterior [eks'ti?ri?]：外部的
functional ['f??k??n?l]：功能的
futuristic [.fju:t??'ristik]：未来的
high-rise ['hai'raiz]：高层的
innovative ['in?uveitiv]：创新的
internal [in't?:n?l]：内部的
mass-produced [.m?spr?'dju:st]：大批生产的
modern ['m?d?n]：现代的
multi-storey：多层的
old-fashioned：老式的
ornate [?:'neit]：华丽的
prefabricated ['pri:'f?brikeit]：预先建造的
single-storey：单层的
spacious ['spei??s]：宽敞的
traditional [tr?'di??n?l]：传统的
two-storey：两层的
typical ['tipik?l]：典型的
ultra-modern：超现代的
Verbs
activate ['?ktiveit]：激活
automate ['?:t?meit]：自动化
build [bild]：建造
condemn [k?n'dem]：谴责
construct ['k?nstr?kt,k?n'str?kt]：建造
decorate ['dek?reit]：装饰
demolish [di'm?li?]：破坏
design [di'zain]：设计
develop [di'vel?p]：开发
devise [di'vaiz]：设计
haul [h?:l]：拖运
hoist [h?ist]：举起
invent [in'vent]：发明
maintain [mein'tein]：维持
occupy['?kjupai]：占用
reconstruct [.ri:k?n'str?kt]：重建
renovate ['ren?.veit]：翻新
support [s?'p?:t]：支持
trigger ['trig?]：触发
UNIT 12INFORAMTION TECHNOLOGY Nouns
automatic pilot：自动导航装置
computerization [k?m'pju:terai'zei??n]：计算机化
connection [k?'nek??n]：连接
data ['deit?]：数据
device [di'vais]：设备
function ['f??k??n]：功能
gadget ['g?d?it]：小机件
the Internet ['int?.net]：因特网
keyboard ['ki:b?:d]：键盘
keypad ['ki:.p?d]：小键盘
laptop['l?pt?p]：便携式电脑
the latest：最新式样
memory ['mem?ri]：存储
monitor ['m?nit?]：显示器
patent ['p?tnt]：专利
program ['pr?ugr?m]：程序
prototype ['pr?ut?taip]：原型
remote control：遥控器
silicon chip：硅片
technology [tek'n?l?d?i]：技术
telecommunications [.telik?.mju:nikeif?nz]：电信
vision ['vi??n]：视觉
wireless connection：无线连接
Adjectives
compact [k?m'p?kt]：紧密的
computerized [k?m'pju:t?.raizd]：用计算机操作的
cutting-edge：前沿
cyber['saib?]：网络的
dated['deitid]：过时的
digital ['did?it?l]：数字的
labour-saving：省力的
portable ['p?:t?bl]：便携的
state-of-the-art：最新式的
up-to-date ['ju:ze'frendli]：最新的
user-friendly ['ju:ze'frendli]：容易操作的
virtual ['v?:tju?l]：虚拟的
Verbs
access ['?kses]：进入
connect [k?'nekt]:连接
download ['daunl?ud]：下载
display [di'splei]：显示
envisage [in'vizid?]：面对
operate ['?p?reit]：操作
revolutionise [rev?'lu:??naiz]：革命
scroll [skr?ul]:卷动
speculate ['spekjuleit]：推测
store [st?:]：储存
surpass[s?'pɑ:s]：超越
Adverbs
automatically [.?:t?'m?tik?li]：自动的
UNIT 13 THE MODERN WORLD
Nouns
attitude['?titju:d] : 态度看法
brand[br?nd]:品牌商标
culture['k?lt??]:文化
cycle['sa?k(?)l]:原型周期
demographics[,d?m?'ɡr?f?ks]:人口统计资料development[di'vel?pm?nt]:发展进展diversity[dai'v?:s?ti]:多样性
globalisation[,gl?ub?lai'zei??n]:全球化hindsight['ha?n(d)sa?t]:后见之明
icon['a?k?n]:标记图标
identity[a?'dent?t?]:身份一致性
implication[?mpl?'ke??(?)n]:含义
impact['?mp?kt]:影响
increase[?n'kri?s]:增长提高
influence['?nfl??ns]:影响
industry['?nd?str?]:工业
isolation[a?s?'le??(?)n]:隔离孤立
joint venture:合资企业
(have a) monopoly[m?'n?p(?)l?]:垄断
market['mɑ?k?t]:市场
modernization[,mɑd?n?'ze??n]:现代化multiculturalism[,m?lt?'k?lt??r?l?zm]:多元文化percentage[p?'sent?d?]:百分比
population[p?pj?'le??(?)n]:人口
prediction[pr?'d?k?(?)n]:预报预测
projection[pr?'d?ek?(?)n]:规划
proportion[pr?'p???(?)n]:比例
rate[re?t]:比率
statistics[st?'t?st?ks]:统计学
trend[trend]:趋势
Adjectives：
ageing['ed???]:变老的
current['k?r(?)nt]:现在的
demographic[,d?m?'ɡr?f?k]:人口统计的elderly['eld?l?]:上了年纪的
ethnic['eθn?k]:种族的
exotic[?g'z?t?k]:异国的外来的
global['gl??b(?)l]:全球的
local['l??k(?)l]:本地的
long-term[,l??'t?:m]:长期的
mid-term:期中的
multicultural[m?lt?'k?lt?(?)r(?)l]:多元文化的productive[pr?'d?kt?v]:多产的
skeptical['sk?pt?kl]:怀疑的
short-term[,??:t't?:m]:短期的
subsequent['s?bs?kw(?)nt]:后来的
wealthy['welθ?]:富有的
worldwide['w??l(d)wa?d]:全世界的
Verbs:
compound ['k?mpa?nd]:合成混合
contribute [k?n'tr?bju?t]:贡献
decline [d?'kla?n]:下降（委婉）拒绝
diminish [d?'m?n??]:减小
dominate ['d?m?ne?t]:控制支配
dwindle ['dw?nd(?)l]:减小
factor ['f?kt?]:把…分解成
indicate ['?nd?ke?t]:表明指出
merge [m??d?]:合并
migrate [ma?'gre?t]:移民
UNIT 14URBANISATION Nouns:
benefit ['ben?f?t]:益处优点
challenge['t??l?n(d)?]:挑战
compromise ['k?mpr?ma?z]:妥协
difficulty ['d?f?k(?)lt?]:困难
dilemma[di'lem?]:困境
inhabitant [?n'h?b?t(?)nt]:居民
infrastructure ['?nfr?str?kt??]:基础设施
isolation [a?s?'le??(?)n]:隔离孤立
issue ['??u?]:问题
megacity ['meg?s?t?]:大城市（人口超过100万）
migrant ['ma?gr(?)nt]:移民者
obstacle ['?bst?k(?)l]:困难
overpopulation [,ov?,pɑpj?'le??n]:人口过剩
population [p?pj?'le??(?)n]:人口
poverty ['p?v?ti]:贫穷
resolution [rez?'lu??(?)n]:解决
setback['setb?k]:挫折退步
slum [sl?m]:贫民窟
tolerance ['t?l?r?ns]:容忍
traffic ['tr?fik]:交通
urbanization[,?:b?nai'zei??n]:都市化
Adjectives:
adequate ['?dikwit]:充足的适当的
basic ['be?s?k]:基础的
booming ['bu:mi?]:繁荣的
catastrophic [,k?t?'str?fik]:灾难性的
crowded ['kraudid]:拥挤的
decent ['di:s?nt]:体面的
developing [di'vel?pi?]:发展中的double-edged ['d?bl'ed?d]:双刃的isolated ['ais?leitid]:孤立的
one-sided ['w?n'saidid]:片面的
long-sighted ['l??'sa?t?d]:眼光远大的long-term ['l??t?:m]:长期的overpriced ['ov?'pra?st]:定价过高的overworked [,?uv?'w?:kt]:劳累过度的pressing ['presi?]:迫切的紧急的rural ['ru?r?l]:农村的
short-sighted ['??:t'saitid]:目光短浅的short-term [,??:t't?:m]:短期的staggering ['st?ɡ?ri?]:蹒跚的tolerant ['t?l?r?nt]:容忍的
Verbs:
address [?'dres]:演说解决
adjust [?'d??st]:调整适应aggravate ['?ɡr?veit]:加重使…恶化cause [k?:z]:引起
compete [k?m'pi:t]:竞争
compound ['k?mpaund]:混合
deal with:处理
deteriorate[di'ti?ri?reit]:恶化enhance [in'hɑ:ns]:提高exacerbate [ek's?s?beit]:使…恶化exclude [iks'klu:d]:排除
face [feis]:面对
flourish ['flauri?]:繁荣
identify [ai'dentifai]:识别鉴别improve [im'pru:v]:提高
include [in'klu:d]:包括
linger ['li?ɡ?]:徘徊
modify ['m?difai]:修改
overcome [,?uv?'k?m]:克服
present ['prez?nt]:提出呈现
raise [reiz]:提高
reform [ri'f?:m]:改革
regulate ['reɡjuleit]:改革
remedy ['remidi]:补救治疗
resolve [ri'z?lv]:解决
tackle ['t?kl]:处理
tolerate ['t?l?reit]:容忍