2015年1月21日普氏能源日报

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0816631500.html,

SBB STEEL MARKETS DAILY

COVERING THE RAW MATERIALS INPUTS TO STEELMAKING

Volume 9 / Issue 14 / January 21, 2015

[STEEL

]

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0816631500.html,/PlattsSBBSteel

Platts raw material assessments, January 21

Close/Midpoint

Change % Chg IODEX Iron ore fines 62% Fe ($/dmt)CFR North China

65.50-66.50

66.00

-1.25

-1.86

Please see Platts complete iron price/netbacks table, p.3

Coking coal, premium low vol ($/mt)FOB Australia 105.90 105.90 -0.45 -0.42CFR China

114.00 114.00 -0.50 -0.44

Please see full metallurgical coal price/freight table, p.4Ferrous scrap

HMS CFR Turkey, $/mt 308.00-310.00 309.00 -1.00 -0.32HMS FOB Rotterdam, $/mt 284.00-288.00 286.00 -1.00 -0.35A3, FOB Black Sea, $/mt

284.00-289.00 286.50 -1.00 -0.35Shredded del Midwest US, $/lt 338.00-342.00 340.00 0.00 0.00Shredded FOB East Coast, $/mt 290.00-295.00 292.50 -5.00 -1.68HMS del dock East Coast, $/lt 250.00-255.00 252.50 0.00 0.00HMS FAS US West Coast, $/mt

230.00-235.00

232.50

-5.00

-2.11

Singapore —Spot iron ore prices declined again Wednesday, as Chinese mills shunned a variety of offers. Platts 62% Fe IODEX fell $1.25/dry mt to $66/dmt CFR North China.

A number of offers were met with silence, or bids deemed too low to meet. “Yesterday and today, all buyers aren’t very anxious about committing to spot cargoes now,” a Hong Kong-based trader said. “We’re trying to sell our cargoes but it’s not that easy to. A lot of mills are not eager to buy more iron ore as their profit margins are being threatened because steel hasn’t been doing well. The seasonal factor is huge.”

The cold weather in China impedes pro-ductivity in the construction and infrastructure sectors, both major consumers of steel.

Mills spurn iron ore offers and prices fall

A procurement source at a Hebei-based mill said some steelmakers were going to start cutting crude steel production by bring-ing forward maintenance at their blast fur-naces. “Steel margins are so weak now in any case, so mills are thinking they might as well let this coincide with their mainte-nance periods. We are hearing of this going on in the Tangshan region [in Hebei], as well as in Shandong.”

This would further constrain ore demand, the source said.

Vale tender IOCJ fines

Meanwhile, Brazilian miner Vale sold at $75.11/dmt 64.96% Fe Iron Ore Carajas

(continued on page 2)

fines through a spot tender Wednesday, sources invited to participate in the tender said. The 108,357-mt shipment will pass Singapore February 5, and contains 1.52% alumina, 2.81% silica, 0.038% phospho-rus, 0.37% manganese, 2% loss on igni-tion and 8.3% moisture.

The IOCJ fines trade normalized to $75.09/dmt CFR North China against the Platts 65% Fe specifications. The 65% Fe assessment fell $2/dmt on the day to $75/dmt CFR North China, dropping more than the lower grades.

This 108,357 mt shipment was part of an original 195,461 mt shipment of IOCJ fines the miner eventually split into two to offer separately after failing to find bids it considered high enough on January 12. Vale subsequently sold 87,104 mt on January 16 at $78.15/dmt CFR China through a spot tender to Chinese trading house SPL, sources said.

Meanwhile, rebar futures edged lower Wednesday, with the most liquid May contract in Shanghai last trading at Yuan 2,472/mt ($403.50/mt), down Yuan 16/mt from Tuesday, and settling at Yuan 2,493/mt, down Yuan 9/mt day on day. The spot price of square billet in Tangshan remained unchanged at Yuan 2,000/mt ($326.50/mt) ex-stock Tangshan.

Iron ore futures on the Dalian

Commodity Exchange fell Wednesday, with the most actively traded May contract in Dalian last trading at Yuan 486/dmt

Mills spurn iron ore offers and prices fall ... from page 1

Weekly Manganese Ore ($/dmtu)

$/dmtu Weekly change

Assessed 44% Manganese Ore CIF Tianjin 4.05 -0.16 16-Jan-1537% Manganese Ore CIF Tianjin

3.60

-0.10

16-Jan-15

One major US miner said high vol

demand was very good. “For HVA, demand is around twice the supply they have to sell and for HVB, around 1.5 times.”

Regarding the potential effect of low Australian prices on US coal, he said pric-es were “sticky,” and Asian prices could move $4-5/mt before buyers tweak their blend requirements. He said it was only when miners offer direct discounts on material that buyers tend to switch.

The Platts US low-vol hard coking coal assessment, based on good-quality CAPP low-vol specified on 58% CSR and 1.5% MMR at 19% VM, stayed flat at $110.50/mt FOB US East Coast. The US high-vol A assessment was stable at $110.75/mt and US high-vol B based on 34% VM coal with 25,000 ddpm held at $105.50/mt FOB USEC.

Colombian producers were back in the market, with a report of a 400,000 mt con-tract deal to Brazil loading February to December having taken place; no indica-

($79.25/dmt), down Yuan 16/dmt from Tuesday, and settling at Yuan 496/dmt, down Yuan 8/dmt on day.

Lump premium holds up

Despite the apparent weakness in demand for fines cargoes, lump premi-ums were holding steady. Platts

assessed the weekly spot lump premium at $0.325/dmt unit, unchanged from the previous week. The premium is normal-ized to a CFR basis and expressed over the IODEX fines assessment.

Market participants said lump demand was still holding up, unlike the waning appe-tite end-users in China were displaying for fines material. “This is totally seasonal,” a Hebei-based steelmaker said. “The cold weather makes it hard for domestic concen-trate production levels to recover so more mills have to turn to lump.” Lump and pellet cargoes are mutual substitutes, with the lat-ter processed through pelletization from concentrate material.

Australian miner Rio Tinto offered at $89/dmt CFR Qingdao 62 Fe Pilbara Blend lump on COREX, sources notified by the miner said. The 70,000 mt cargo will load over February 8-17. Sources with access to the COREX platform said there were no bids for the shipment.

Placing the PB lump offer over the 62% Fe IODEX assessment of $66/dmt CFR North China for the day yielded a lump premium of $0.37/dmt unit on a CFR basis, a level sources said was too high to be repeatable.

— Celestyn Wong

Coking coal market

...from page 1

Atlantic pellet premium estimated contract price

$/dmt Change Jan

32.50

-4.00

Platts daily metallurgical coal assessments, January 21

Asia-Pacific coking coal ($/mt) FOB CFR CFR Change Australia China India Australia China India HCC Peak Downs Region 106.90 115.00 116.30 -0.45 -0.50 -0.55Premium Low Vol 105.90 114.00 115.30 -0.45 -0.50 -0.55HCC 64 Mid Vol 98.65 106.75 108.05 0.05 0.00 -0.05Low Vol PCI 93.40 101.50 102.80 0.05 0.00 -0.05Low Vol 12 Ash PCI 87.40 95.50 96.80 1.30 1.25 1.20Semi Soft 79.15 87.25 88.55 0.05 0.00 -0.05Met Coke - - 196.00 - - 0.00

North China prompt port stock prices Ex-stock Jingtang CFR Jingtang

(Yuan/mt, incl VAT) equivalent ($/mt)**Premium Low Vol* 905.00 117.83HCC 64 Mid Vol* 850.00 110.37*weekly (assessed January 16), 20-day delivery from date.

**ex-stock price, net of port charges, import tax and VAT Atlantic coking coal ($/mt)

FOB US East Coast Change VM Ash S

Low Vol HCC 110.50 0.00 19% 8% 0.80%

High Vol A 110.75 0.00 32% 7% 0.85%

High Vol B 105.50 0.00 34% 8% 0.95%

Detailed methodology and specifications are found here:

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0816631500.html,/IM.Platts.Content/MethodologyReferences/MethodologySpecs/metcoalmethod.pdf

Dry bulk freight assessments Route Vessel Class Freight rate ($/mt) Change Australia-C hina C apesize 5.80 0.45Australia-C

hina Panamax 8.10 -0.05Australia-India Panamax 9.40 -0.10USE C -C hina Panamax 23.25 -0.25USE C -India Panamax 21.25 -0.25USE C -Rotterdam Panamax 7.80 0.00USE C -Brazil Panamax 8.00 0.00East Australia: basis Hay Point port. USEC: basis Hampton Roads. See methodology for further details.HCC assessed specifications CSR VM Ash S P TM Fluidity Premium Low Vol 71% 21.5% 9.3% 0.50% 0.045% 9.7% 500HCC Peak Downs Region 74% 20.7% 10.5% 0.60% 0.030% 9.5% 400HCC 64 Mid Vol 64% 25.5% 9.0% 0.60% 0.050% 9.5% 1,700Penalties & Premia: Differentials ($/mt) Within % of Premium Low Vol FOB Net value

Min-Max Australia assessment price ($/mt)Per 1% CSR 60-71% 0.50% 0.53Per 1% VM (air dried) 18-27% 0.50% 0.53Per 1% TM (as received) 8-11% 1.00% 1.06Per 1% Ash (air dried) 7-10.5% 1.25% 1.32Per 0.1%S (air dried) 0.3-1% 1.00%

1.06US low-vol HCC Penalties & Premia; Differentials ($/mt) Within % of US low-vol HCC FOB Net value Min-Max USEC assessment price ($/mt)Per 1% CSR 50-64% 0.50% 0.55 40-49% 0.50% 0.55Per 0.1% S 0.70-1.05% 0.75% 0.83 1.06-1.25% 1.00% 1.11Per 1% TM (as received) 6.0-11.0% 1.00% 1.11Per 1% Ash 5.0-10.0% 1.25%

1.38

Source: Platts

The assessed price of HCC Peak Downs? originates with Platts and is based on price information for a range of HCCs with a CSR> 67% normalized to the standard of HCC Peak Downs? (CSR 74%). Peak Downs? is a registered trade mark of BM Alliance Coal Operations Pty Limited “BMA”. This price assessment is not affiliated with or sponsored by BMA in any way.

tions on price were given. Another Colombian deal was reported into the Mediterranean, this time on a spot basis, for delivery end-January.

— David Braid

Spate of trading in Asia

Pacific met coal market

Singapore —The seaborne metallurgi-cal coal market saw a sudden burst of spot trading Wednesday, suggesting a softening of prices.

There was brisk trading in the top-tier segment with a spot cargo of Australian premium low-vol hard coking coal done near parity to Platts Premium Low Vol

HCC CFR China. This was for a 90,000 mt cargo shipped in a Capesize with a

mid-February laycan. The remaining

72,000 mt was for a semi-premium

blended HCC with 66-70% CSR at 96% of

Platts Premium Low Vol HCC CFR China.

The prices were done using the average

of February assessments.

There was also another spot deal

done for Australian premium low-vol HCC

with 69-72% CSR at $113/mt CFR China.

This was for a half-Capesize cargo to be

co-loaded end-January with another cargo.

Since this falls out of the Platts stipulated 7-45 days loading window, it was not

used directly in the assessment process.

The other cargo was of Australian 57-59%

CSR coking coal which was traded at

$105/mt CFR China.

The last coking coal trade was for

semi-premium blended HCC with 66-70% CSR done at around $111/mt CFR China. This was also for a half-Capesize

cargo for end-January laycan. Similarly, since the laycan fell out of Platts’ assessment window, it was not used in

Metallurgical Coke 62% CSR

$/mt Change % Chg CFR India

196.00 0.00 0.00FOB North China

180.00

0.00 0.00 Yuan/mt DDP North China (weekly) 1110.00

0.00

0.00

IODEX 62% Fe CFR North China OTC swaps assessment, January 21

switch

IODEX 62% $/dmt Change % Chg TSI 62Feb 15 66.500 -1.500 -2.21 0.250Mar 15 65.750 -1.500 -2.23 0.250Apr 15 64.750 -1.750 -2.63 0.250Q2 2015 64.250 -1.750 -2.65 0.250Q3 2015 62.600 -1.750 -2.72 0.350Q4 2015

62.350 -1.750 -2.73 0.350Calendar 2016

61.750

-1.750 -2.76 0.300

Detailed methodology and specifications are found here: https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0816631500.html,/IM.Platts.Content/

MethodologyReferences/MethodologySpecs/ironore.pdf

Coking coal swaps assessment, January 21

$/mt Change % Chg Platts Premium Low Vol FOB Australia Feb 15 105.000 -1.25 -1.18Mar 15 106.000 -0.50 -0.47Apr 15 106.500 -0.25 -0.25Q2 2015 107.000 -0.50 -0.47Q3 2015 107.250 -0.50 -0.46Q4 2015 107.500 -0.50 -0.502016

109.250

-0.50

-0.46

Wednesday’s assessment.

The trades occurred in both North and South China, which suggested the pick-up in activity was not restricted to any region-al patterns.

One of the buyers said the decision to procure had little to do with improved demand, but instead he needed to push forward his purchases due to the two-week delays caused by the quality tests. Hence, the source had to start buying now for January laycan cargoes in order to be able to use the material in March.

Another trading source said these trades reflected signs of bargain hunting as some steelmakers took advantage of the recent slide in coking coal prices to start stocking up for the Lunar New Year break in February. “Sellers have very little bargaining power now when they are fight-ing to sell their cargoes before the mar-ket sinks even lower,” a Shanghai-based trader said.

Tangshan mills take BFs down

Meanwhile, in Tangshan, several mills were heard to have put their blast furnaces under maintenance for around one-two months. The reasons were mixed.

One source said it was a planned maintenance, while another said closing the furnace now was deliberate since it coincided with a steel market which has been faring poorly since January. A third Tangshan steelmaker said that his mainte-nance on a 450 cubic meter blast furnace was due to recent environmental restric-tions, which clamped down on small facili-ties that are energy-intensive and polluting. The repair works will last no more than a month, said the source.

At least 11 plants in Tangshan were affected with the smallest being a 450 cu m

furnace and biggest a 1,080 cu m furnace.

Putting furnaces under maintenance would lead to a drop in demand for steel-making raw materials, such as coking coal and coke, one market participant said, and this would further pressure pric-es. One Tangshan coke-maker said his plant was already cutting down on produc-tion in order to prevent a further slide in domestic coke prices.

PCI demand firm

In the PCI segment, a deal was heard done Tuesday for Australian mid-vol PCI with above 11% ash, for mid-February lay-can, at slightly above $95/mt CFR China.

Offers were still scarce in China as pro-ducers continued to push available spot shipments to other markets, where prices were higher.

Several end-users said it was tough to find Australian mid-tier PCI with some CSN in the domestic market and hence they would need to procure imported materials.

Meanwhile, Australia’s Bureau of Meteorology issued notices warning that parts of Central Queensland — the coun-try’s main met coal producing territory — could face damaging wind, heavy rain and flooding till Thursday. The bureau forecast rainfall of 100-150 mm for regions in Bowen and Mackay.

Officials at Dalrymple Bay Coal

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0816631500.html, NEWS FEATURE

Terminal, Hay Point Coal Terminal and Abott Point Port said current port opera-tions were running smoothly, but they would continue to monitor the situation.

— Kenneth Foo with Edwin Yeo and Julien Hall

Scrap market

Turkish ferrous scrap

market shows signs of life

Liverpool —There were signs of activity in Turkey’s torpid scrap market Wednesday, according to sources.

A European publicly listed company was understood to have sold a cargo con-taining 30,000 mt of shredded scrap and 10,000 mt of heavy melting scrap I/II (80:20) at $315/mt and $310/mt, respectively, for first half of February loading from Houston.

One source said this was the first deepsea US export cargo the company had sold — while American sources also expressed surprise — but the seller did not respond to requests for comment. The trade could not be confirmed with the reported buyer or seller, but it was widely acknowledged throughout the market.

Other merchants selling ex-Houston typically receive a premium — around 1% — above the price of US East Coast load-ings because of the quality of their mate-rial, though it was unclear if this was the case in the trade. “I imagine it is good quality material, given all the offshore industry they have,” a Scandinavian mer-chant said.

“The market is below $310/mt CFR, you cannot get those prices today,” he added, suggesting premium 80:20 was trading at $305-307/mt CFR. The

Scandinavian merchant said the supplier in question entered the market towards the end of last week, when pricing was agreed, but the deal was only finalized Wednesday.

A Turkish agent pegged the value of 80:20 at $310/mt CFR, but said buyers were pushing for cheaper offers. Mills have absented themselves from the market of late in a bid to push prices lower.

Demand for Turkish steel exports remained tepid Wednesday, and under pressure from competitive Chinese mate-rial. Turkish mills themselves were also afforded the option of competitive billet. A trader with a large corporation said Chinese “square bar” was available at $395/mt CFR into Iskenderun. In compar-ison, Platts Black Sea billet assessment fell $2/mt to $393/mt FOB Wednesday. However, Chinese lead times are long. The trader said the earliest shipment

Steel Mill Economics: Global Spreads, January 21, 2015

Change % change China Flat Steel Spread (CFSS using IODEX)* 280.46 $/mt -8.11 -2.81China Flat Steel Spread (CFSS using TSI)* 279.66 $/mt -8.67 -3.01China Long Steel Spread (CLSS using IODEX) 207.01 $/mt 0.93 0.45China Long Steel Spread (CLSS using TSI) 206.21 $/mt 0.37 0.18China Hot Metal Spread (CHMS using IODEX)* 243.73 $/mt -3.59 -1.45China Hot Metal Spread (CHMS using TSI)* 242.93 $/mt -4.15 -1.68China Coking Margin (CCM)** 260.00 RMB/mt 0.00 0.00China Billet-Rebar Spread (CBRS) 275.00 RMB/mt -5.00 -1.79Turkey Scrap-Rebar Spread (TSRS: Platts) 181.00 $/mt 1.00 0.56Turkey Scrap-Rebar Spread (TSRS: TSI) 178.00 $/mt 2.00 1.14Turkey Scrap-Black Sea Billet Spread (TSBS: Platts) 84.00 $/mt -1.00 -1.18Turkey Scrap-Black Sea Billet Spread (TSBS: TSI) 81.00 $/mt 0.00 0.00US Scrap-HRC Spread (US SHRC) 261.45 $/st 0.00 0.00US Scrap-HRC Futures Spread (US SHRCF) 281.45 $/st -5.00 -1.75US Scrap-Rebar Spread (US SRS) 301.45 $/st 0.00

0.00

*Weekly, assessed on Mondays. **Weekly, assessed on Fridays.

For spreads calculation and assessment methodology, please go to:

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0816631500.html,/IM.Platts.Content/MethodologyReferences/MethodologySpecs/steel.pdf

available was March, with a sailing time of around a month.

Given the above trade and indications, Platts assessment of premium HMS I/II 80:20 imported into Turkey dipped $1/mt to $309/mt CFR.

— Colin Richardson

US ferrous scrap export

prices to Taiwan still sliding

Pittsburgh —US containerized scrap export prices to Taiwan retreated for the third consecutive week on softer demand and weak regional steel market funda-mentals. Most volume was transacted Wednesday in the range of $253-255/mt CFR Taiwan. The prices were down from sales late last week in the range of $257-260/mt.

On Tuesday, a Taiwanese mill booked 6,000 mt of containerized heavy melting scrap from a US supplier at $253/mt CFR Turkey 80:20 basis. No bids were heard from the mill on Wednesday and market sources anticipated the next

round of bids from regional mills to come in around $250/mt.

The Platts daily assessment of US West Coast containerized HMS 80:20 fell

$5/mt Wednesday to $230-235/mt FAS

Port of Los Angeles.

Taiwanese demand for US scrap was further reduced this week by the contin-ued offers of Japanese material.

Japanese-origin H1/H2 was heard availa-ble around $270/mt CFR Taiwan, down $5/mt from last week.

No bulk scrap bookings were heard this week from regional mills.

— Nicholas Tolomeo

with Anna Low in Singapore

Dongfang Special Steel cuts scrap buying price

Singapore —China’s Changzhou

Dongfang Special Steel, a medium-sized mill in the eastern province of Jiangsu, cut its scrap buying price by Yuan 30/mt ($5) to Yuan 1,750/mt, a company source said Wednesday. This is the first time it has reduced prices since a Yuan 110/mt cut in late December.

Dongfang will pay Yuan 1,750/mt, including VAT, for heavy melting scrap of 6 mm and above thickness, delivered to Changzhou.

The mill had been keeping prices

unchanged to replenish stocks despite oth-ers in the Yangtze River Delta lowering

costs. However, it chose to cut prices as neighboring small induction furnaces also pared back prices, said the source.

Maanshan Iron & Steel, in Anhui province, recently lowered its scrap buy-ing price by Yuan 20/mt to Yuan 1,900/mt, including VAT, for plate cut-offs at least 6 mm thick delivered to Maanshan, said sources.

Jiangsu Shagang Group, the largest scrap consumer and private mill in the

Platts steel industry assessments, January 21

Close/Midpoint

Change

% Chg

Asia

Hot-rolled coil $/mt

FOB Shanghai*

430.00-435.00

432.50 -12.50 -2.81Reinforcing bar $/mt FOB China* 371.00-375.00 373.00

-14.50

-3.74

* Assessed January 15, 2015Europe

Hot-rolled coil Eur/mt

Ex-works, Ruhr 405.00-410.00 407.50 0.00 0.00CIF Antwerp 390.00-400.00 395.00 0.00 0.00

DDP NW Europe

(Accessible to SBB Briefing subscribers at https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0816631500.html,)

$/mt FOB Black Sea 425.00-430.00 427.50 0.00 0.00Plate Eur/mt Ex-works, Ruhr 495.00-505.00 500.00 0.00 0.00CIF Antwerp 415.00-425.00 420.00 0.00 0.00Reinforcing bar Eur/mt

Ex-works, NW Eur

420.00-430.00

425.00 0.00 0.00 $/mt FOB basis Turkey 488.00-492.00 490.00 0.00 0.00Billet $/mt FOB Black Sea 393.00 393.00

-2.00

-0.51

North America Hot-rolled coil $/st

Ex-works, Indiana 560.00-570.00 565.00 0.00 0.00CIF, Houston

510.00-530.00

520.00 0.00 0.00Plate $/st Ex-works, US SE 730.00-740.00 735.00 -10.00 -1.34CIF, Houston 650.00-670.00 660.00 0.00 0.00Reinforcing bar $/st

Ex-works, US SE 595.00-615.00 605.00 0.00 0.00CIF, Houston

475.00-485.00

480.00

0.00

0.00

Europe and US cold-rolled coil assessments, January 21

Eur/mt Close/Midpoint Change

% Chg Ex-works, Ruhr 480.00-490.00 485.00 0.00 0.00CIF Antwerp 450.00-460.00 455.00 0.00 0.00

DDP NW Europe

(Accessible to SBB Briefing subscribers at https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0816631500.html,)

$/mt FOB Black Sea 510.00-520.00 515.00 0.00 0.00 $/st Ex-works, Indiana 690.00-710.00 700.00 0.00 0.00

CIF, Houston 560.00-580.00

570.00

0.00

0.00

Jiangsu province, kept its buying price unchanged, after cutting it by Yuan 20/mt last Friday. Changzhou-based Zenith Steel and Yonggang Group have stopped buying scrap altogether, said market sources.

— Lucy Tang

Ferroalloys market

Molybdenum oxide prices fall, buyers shy away

London —Molybdenum oxide prices continued to slide Wednesday as lower offer and aggressive bids failed to turn into deals.

Offers in Asia and Europe were heard at $9.05/lb from producers and traders. One European trader, who had also received an offer at $9.05/lb, said

although he had no interest in purchasing at this level, “I’d sell at $9.05/lb if I could find a buyer.”

A second European trader said the few inquiries he had received over the day were theoretical rather than serious buying interest. “People call and say they would buy at $9/lb if they were going to buy,” the trader said, adding sentiment was negative.

Producer sources said they had

received a couple of inquiries on the day, which they did not consider serious indica-tions of buying interest. “If somebody

wants to sell something today they have to offer below $9/lb,” one producer said, not-ing the lack of activity in the market.

European market participants attribut-ed the fall in prices to a lack of buying interest from major mills. “Nothing is hap-pening and it’s making people nervous. None of the big boys have come out for tenders,” the first European trader said.

In Asia, a South Korean steelmaker issued a buy tender for 80 mt of molybde-num products to close Thursday and anoth-er buy tender for a term supply contract to close on Friday.

Sources said this had triggered more interest in oxide powder with one South Korean buyer reporting he was looking to

close deals at around $9.05/lb CIF Busan. A second South Korean player

said he had received an offer at $9.08/lb and was considering going into the market as a buyer. “The market is on the down-trend. I’m wondering what is the good price to bid,” he said.

Other sources said they would look to gather more offers before placing firm bids.

The Platts daily dealer oxide assess-ment fell to $9.05-9.10/lb from $9.08-

9.17/lb, while the daily European ferromo-lybdenum assessment fell to $22.65-

22.90/lb from $22.90-23.10/kg.

A tender from a German mill was closed at Eur19.40/kg, according to mar-ket sources, although this was not con-firmed. A third European trader said he offered around 30 cents higher and was ranked 17. “There’s nothing to do and when there is something it’s super aggres-sive,” he said.

Other said they had not received any inquiries for ferromolybdenum from the trade or consumers. “People wouldn’t even buy at $22.50/kg,” the first European trader said. “They just don’t need material.”

— Jitendra Gill

with Mayumi Watanabe in Tokyo

and Hongmei Li in Singapore China FeCr spot prices

rise on tighter supply

Singapore—The domestic spot price of 50% Cr Chinese high-carbon ferrochrome was assessed at Yuan 6,400-6,500/mt (equivalent to 78-79 cents/lb) Wednesday, including 17% VAT and delivery, up from Yuan 6,350-6,500/mt a week ago amid supply tightness.

Some offers were heard as high as Yuan 6,700-7,000/mt this week for deliv-ery to various regions, though sources said such prices were not tradeable.

Most pegged the current tradable price at Yuan 6,400-6,500/mt. A Beijing-based trader said Yuan 6,600/mt was tradeable in southern China, while a Beijing-based market observer said some Inner Mongolia producers in the north were offering at Yuan 6,300/mt ex-works. Both price indications were not taken into consideration for the assessment, as no other sources have indicated prices as low or high.

“Supply to the big mills under monthly contracts is as per normal. But if you’re looking to buy 500 mt or 1,000 mt in the spot market now, material is hard to get and offer prices are very high,” said an official with a central China mill. Spot sup-ply was tight as ferrochrome suppliers were focused on covering term contracts, and also amid production cuts and stop-pages in southern China, said sources.

Views on the direction of major stain-

less steelmakers’ February purchase pric-

es turned mixed this week. Some industry

participants said they did not rule out

price increases for February deliveries due

to the spot supply tightness. But there

were still others who expect February pric-

es to be rolled over from January, or even

lowered because of a weak stainless

steel market. This was slightly in contrast

with last week, when most predicted rollo-

vers or cuts for February prices.

The country’s largest stainless steel-

makers were expected to settle February

delivery prices with ferrochrome suppliers

around end-January.

— Vivian Teo

Asia

S&P cuts metals price

forecasts; iron ore in focus

London—Ratings agency Standard &

Poor’s has made “significant” downward

revisions to its metals price forecast for

2015-2017, with iron ore sharply lower.

S&P, like Platts, is a unit of McGraw

Hill Financial. “We are significantly lower-

ing our price assumptions for key com-

modities, notably iron ore and copper.

We believe this could result in some neg-

ative rating actions and outlook changes

over the next week or two, as we review

our portfolio of credits,” the agency said

late Tuesday.

Its lower assumptions for most industri-

al metals “reflect the effects of weaker sup-

ply-demand balances; but also lower produc-

tion costs, including substantial changes in

foreign exchange rates,” it added.

The most significant change in S&P’s

assumptions is a further 20% cut in its

iron ore price through 2016. The agency is

now forecasting prices of $65/mt for 2015

and 2016, rising to $70/mt in 2017; last

October it was assuming a price of $85/

mt for 2015 and 2016.

The Platts IODEX daily 62% iron ore

fines assessment was $66/dmt CFR North

China Tuesday, down from $78.75/dmt at

the beginning of Q4 2014.

“At our assumed price of $65/mt, we

expect weak credit measures to persist

until 2017 in the absence of sharp pro-

duction curtailments,” S&P said, adding:

“The downward revision in our iron ore

price assumptions is the third such

adjustment in the past 12 months;

assumed prices in early 2014 were more

than $100/mt.”

While the recent rapid decline in iron

ore prices has forced some high-cost pro-

ducers to curtail production, “we believe

this will be offset by sizable new supply

from major iron ore producers,” S&P said,

estimating there will be about 100 million

mt of seaborne supply coming to the mar-

ket in 2015. “This, together with softer

demand growth from China, will limit any

meaningful and sustainable recovery in

iron ore prices in the next two years,” the

agency said.

Market equilibrium might only improve

if the market finally absorbs this new sup-

ply, S&P said, adding: “We believe that

this will likely occur in 2017, driving prices

up that year.” Lower production costs from

the rapid decline in freight rates, diesel

Platts Turkey ARC Steel Tracker based on 30-day averages

-6

-4

-20

246Jan-15

Dec-14Nov-14Oct-14Sep-14Aug-14Jul-14

Jun-14May-14Apr-14Feb-14Jan-14

Source: Platts

Platts Turkey ARC Steel Tracker, January 21, 2015

Scrap Billet Rebar

vs 30-day -0.45% (-$1.40) 0.55% ($2.29) 0.00% (-$0.01)vs 60-day 0.94% ($2.91) -3.38% (-$13.97) 1.44% ($7.07)Price moves relative to each commodity measured vs 30-day and 60-day moving averages.

prices, and local currencies in places like Australia and Brazil are, however, offset-ting some of the decline in the iron ore price, it added.

— Andy Blamey

Other News

BHP’s Oct-Dec iron ore

output nearly flat, coal surges

Singapore —BHP Billiton’s iron ore pro-duction ramp-up in Western Australia stalled slightly in the October-December quarter, with output of 61.4 million mt, down 1.6% from the previous September quarter.

Production from BHP’s Jimblebar mine in the Pilbara fell to 2.8 million mt in the December quarter, from almost 4 million mt in the September quarter. However, output from the Wheelarra mine in the same region increased to 4.7 million mt, from 3.1 million mt over the same period. “Production from Wheelarra was pro-cessed through the Jimblebar hub in the December quarter, but combined output across the two mines actually went up in the December quarter,” a Melbourne-based spokesman said.

Iron ore production of 123.8 million mt over the July-December half in

Western Australia was up 15% year on year, the company’s December report released Wednesday showed. Shipments over this period were slightly higher at 126 million mt.

The Anglo-Australian miner said it expected to produce 245 million mt of iron ore in the 12 months to June 30 this year. It also confirmed a plan to raise capacity in Western Australia to 290 mil-lion mt/year by June 2017, through

improving operations at its Port Hedland facility and by bringing on phase 2 of Jimblebar. Subject to board approval, Jimblebar will eventually produce around 55 million mt/year.

BHP’s Samarco pellet operation in Brazil produced a total of 14 million mt in the December 2014 half, up 40% on the previous year, due to the introduction of a fourth pellet plant. Samarco is a 50:50 joint venture between BHP and Brazil’s Vale.

Met coal output jumps

Meanwhile, BHP’s metallurgical coal production was extremely strong over July-December, increasing 21% year on year earlier to reach 26.3 million mt. December quarter production of 13.5 mil-lion mt was up 5.5% on the previous September quarter.

The miner said it was targeting produc-tion of 47 million mt of met coal for finan-

cial year 2015 ending June 30, on the back of record production at Goonyella, Daunia and Poitrel in central Queensland, along with the ramp up of Caval Ridge in the same region. In its report, BHP noted the port capacity expansion at its Hay Point facility in Queensland from 44 mil-lion mt/year to 55 million mt/year was now 95% complete.

Manganese output up, nickel down

BHP’s manganese ore output from its South African mines totaled 2.3 million mt over October-December, up 4% year on year, the company said. The October-December output was 2% higher than that recorded for the September quarter.

For the first half of fiscal 2014-2015 ended December 31, 2014, manganese ore production totaled 4.6 million mt, up 7% year on year as an improvement in ore recovery at the Mamatwan mine and high-er processing plant utilization rates at the Wessels mine underpinned record produc-tion at the Hotazel mine. For manganese alloy, the company produced 201,000 mt in the December quarter, up 21% year on year and up 18% quarter on quarter.

For the first half of fiscal 2014-2015, manganese alloy production totaled 372,000 mt, up 23% year on year, sup-ported by increased smelter stability and higher run rates at both the TEMCO (Australia) and Metalloys (South Africa) alloy-making plants.

Nickel production fell 10% on year

during the quarter, to reach 34,200 mt.

The December quarter production was

down 4% from the previous September

quarter. Nickel output over the July-

December half totaled 69,900 mt, down

11% year on year.

The company said the lower volume

reflected the closure of the Perseverance

underground mine at Nickel West in

Australia in November 2013 and lower

grades and recoveries at Colombia’s Cerro

Matoso mine. Despite the lower output,

the company said production guidance for

the Nickel West and Cerro Matoso mines

in financial year 2014-2015 ending June

30, remains unchanged at 95,000 mt and

43,000 mt, respectively.

— Paul Bartholomew

and Alvin Yee

Polish miner JSW

terminates labor agreements

Warsaw—Europe’s largest high

quality coking coal miner, Jastrzebska

Spolka Weglowa, said Wednesday it had

terminated labor agreements made with

unions in 2011 and 2012 to adjust to

the more challenging market conditions

of low prices.

JSW said it had terminated agree-

ments from February 2011 and November

2012 in their entirety and partially

canceled a collective agreement reached

in May 2011. Employment guarantees in

the latter agreement will be maintained,

the company said. Management said it

did not foresee job cuts or a threat to

current salary levels.

“The above actions are aimed at

adjusting the company to changing mar-

ket conditions and increasing the effec-

tiveness of management to ensure the

functioning of the company,” JSW said in

a market filing. JSW said the action was

necessary because of the the failure to

reach an agreement on working condi-

tions with unions.

Union leaders are refusing to discuss

management’s package of cost cutting

measures including the introduction of a

six-day working week, instead of a five-day

week, freezing salaries in 2015 at 2014

levels, reducing the number of ex-workers

Platts steel assessments currency and unit comparisons, January 21

P rior assessment

Eur/mt $/mt $/st $/CWT $/mt $ change % change Hot-rolled coil

Ex-works, Ruhr* 407.50*** 472.50 428.65 21.44 471.23 1.27 0.27% FOB Black Sea* 368.69 427.50*** 387.83 19.40 427.50 0.00 0.00% CIF Antwerp* 395.00*** 458.00 415.50 20.78 456.78 1.22 0.27% Ex-works, Indiana** 537.54 622.80 565.00*** 28.25 622.80 0.00 0.00% CIF, US Gulf states, basis Houston** 494.72 573.19 520.00*** 26.00 573.19 0.00 0.00% Cold-rolled coil

Ex-works, Ruhr* 485.00*** 562.36 510.17 25.52 560.85 1.51 0.27% FOB Black Sea* 444.16 515.00*** 467.21 23.37 515.00 0.00 0.00% CIF Antwerp* 455.00*** 527.57 478.61 23.94 526.16 1.41 0.27% Ex-works, Indiana** 665.97 771.60 700.00*** 35.00 771.60 0.00 0.00% CIF, US Gulf states, basis Houston** 542.29 628.31 570.00*** 28.50 628.31 0.00 0.00% Plate

Ex-works, Ruhr* 500.00*** 579.75 525.95 26.30 578.20 1.55 0.27% CIF Antwerp* 420.00*** 486.99 441.80 22.10 485.69 1.30 0.27% Ex-works, US Southeast** 699.27 810.19 735.00*** 36.75 821.21 -11.02 -1.34% CIF, US Gulf states, basis Houston** 627.91 727.51 660.00*** 33.00 727.51 0.00 0.00% Reinforcing bar

Ex-works, Northwest Europe* 425.00*** 492.79 447.06 22.36 491.47 1.32 0.27% East Mediterranean, basis Turkey* 422.60 490.00*** 444.53 22.23 490.00 0.00 0.00% Ex-works, US Southeast** 575.59 666.89 605.00*** 30.25 666.89 0.00 0.00% CIF, US Gulf states, basis Houston** 456.67 529.10 480.00*** 24.00 529.10 0.00 0.00% *LN 16:30 Eur/$ ex rate = 1.1595; **NY 16:30 $/Eur ex rate = 0.8631. ***the primary assessments and have not been converted

entitled to retirement benefits and cutting back on the amount of coal given to work-ers and retired workers for free.

At a news conference Wednesday, JSW’s CEO Jaroslaw Zagorowski said the company is considering creating a sub-sidiary to take over the operation of its mines to change the company’s working model, if unions do not agree to manage-ment’s package. The package could bring savings of Zloty 500 million ($134 million), he said.

The Katowice-based company, which employs 26,000 workers in its six mines, has been hit by falling coking coal prices and in the first three quarters of 2014 recorded a net loss of Zloty 302.6 million. JSW sells about half of its production in Poland. Its next largest markets are in Germany, Italy and the Czech Republic.

Zagorowski warned the company could lose liquidity if cost-cutting meas-ures are not taken. “If we were not doing anything today, such a threat (liquidity loss) could happen, that’s why we must act,” he said.

Zagorowski said the company’s capex in 2015 was forecast at Zloty 1.1 billion ($295 million) down from Zloty 1.76 billion in 2014 to reduce spending. Capex in 2014 was initially planned at the level of Zloty 2.2 billion but was downsized due to the problems the company faces.

The CEO said production in 2015 is forecast to be 750,000 mt higher than in 2014 thanks to its acquisition of the Knurow-Szczyglowice mine in August, which expanded the company’s resource base by 65%. In the first three quarters of 2014 JSW produced 9.6 million mt.

— Adam Easton Nickel well placed to

drift higher: Sucden

Singapore—Nickel prices are well placed to start drifting higher in anticipa-tion of firmer fundamentals later in the year, brokerage Sucden said, after prices corrected sharply in the second half of 2014 and in early January.

“After last year’s false start in which nickel ran up to $21,625/mt from around $13,300/mt, prices have pulled back

aggressively to a low of $14,625. This took prices back to the upper levels of the base that was established in the second half of 2013,” Sucden said in a report.

This base would provide strong support with fundamentals set to improve this year, it said. “Given the sharp rally and the slump in prices, we would imagine the investment community and consumers will be nervous about positioning themselves too early so we would not be surprised by a gradual price recovery initially that could gain

momentum as confidence returns,” it said.

Although slower economic growth glob-

ally might dampen stainless steel demand

this year, the overall outlook for stainless

consumption will prove robust, it said. At

the same time, the presence of so much

metal in warehouse — some 21% of annu-

al nickel consumption at current levels —

should allay fears that a switch to a supply

deficit will lead to runaway prices on the

upside, it said.

“With a supply deficit of some 50,000

tons expected this year, there is plenty of

cover in LME stocks,” it said. “There is no

shortage of nickel units so runaway prices

are not justified but because nickel has a

history of volatility there is no room for

complacency. We would look for prices to

trade in the $14,500-17,200/mt range in

the first quarter,” Sucden said.

— Vivian Teo

2015年1月语文学考真题

2015年1月浙江省普通高中学业水平考试 语文卷 选择题部分 一、选择题（本大题共18小题，每小题3分，共54分。每小题列出的四个备选项中符合题目要求的，不选、多选、错选均不得分） 1.下列加点字读音全正确的一项是（） A.惊惶（huáng）瘦削（xiāo）亲昵（nì）敛声屏气（bǐng） B.吝啬（sa）徘徊（huái）间断（jiān）惴惴不安（zhuì） C.咆哮（xiào）附和（ha）搭讪（shàn）含情脉脉（mò） D.自诩（yǔ）倔强（jiàng）冠冕（guān）沁人心脾（qìn） 2.下列句子没有错别字的一项是（） A.你看这些家俱都是你从前顶喜欢的东西，多少年我总是留着，为着纪念你。 B.分析师表示，中国企业熟悉中国客户需求，可利用主场优势招揽更多业务。 C.新西伯利亚一处海滩突然遭受冰雹“袭击”，嘻戏玩耍的游人只得抱头逃离。 D.波音公司研制的移动激光武器能在不同环境下持续描准、追踪并击中目标。 3.一次填入下列句子横线处的词语，恰当的一项是（） ①“水墨印象系列”服装将中国传统元素融入设计，让人在如梦如幻的意境里。 ②一个多月来，通过向多位心理咨询师讨教，我们了许多排解心理困扰的经验。 ③随着时间的变化，传统中某些成分会变得无处可用而淡化以至衰亡。 A.沉浸积淀逐步 B.沉浸积累逐渐 C.沉溺积累逐步 D.沉溺积淀逐渐 4.下列句子加点的成语运用不恰当的一项是（） A.在柔和舒缓的乐曲中，学员们行云流水般的太极扇舞蹈表演，引来阵阵喝彩。 B.人们对“尺有所短，寸有所长”虽说耳熟能详，但并非都能深刻领会其中的哲理。 C.无论演老戏还是新剧，两代艺术家的唱念敲打都十分默契，真可谓天作之合。 D.成千上万只白天鹅汇集在湖边，与蓝天碧水相映，令人叹为观止。 5.下列句子没有语病的一项是（） A.科学的财税体制是国家优化资源配置、维护时常统一、促进社会公平的制度保障。 B.经过三年的努力，考古专家发掘出面积共2000平方米的古城已现出城门和城墙。 C.铁路部门积极推进客票系统建设，不断完善、改进互联网售票、电话售票等功能。 D.丝绸之路申遗成功，是全球收个以联合国申报的形式列入《世界遗产名录》的项目。 6.依次填入下面语段横线处的句子，恰当的一项是（） 稻田与荷叶，只隔着一条田埂，。稻与荷，各自站在各自的水里，，它们也暗中喜欢着对方，；这边把多出的荷香捧过去，那边把宽裕的月光沿沟渠送过来。秋收后，稻米里有一股荷香，莲藕里藏着米的香。 ①经常互相交换些小礼物 ②他们是一对上千年的老邻居 ③猜测着对方的冷暖和心事 A. ③②① B. ③①② C. ②①③ D. ②③① 7.下列句子运用的修辞手法与其它三项不同的一项是（） A.为何古人认为丹顶鹤只栖息在高洁之地？因为在他们心中鹤是高贵的。 B.在这一刹那，在这充满神奇的寂静中，谁能说这片刻就不是永恒？

2015年1月21日普氏能源日报

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0816631500.html, SBB STEEL MARKETS DAILY COVERING THE RAW MATERIALS INPUTS TO STEELMAKING Volume 9 / Issue 14 / January 21, 2015 [STEEL ] https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0816631500.html,/PlattsSBBSteel Platts raw material assessments, January 21 Close/Midpoint Change % Chg IODEX Iron ore fines 62% Fe ($/dmt)CFR North China 65.50-66.50 66.00 -1.25 -1.86 Please see Platts complete iron price/netbacks table, p.3 Coking coal, premium low vol ($/mt)FOB Australia 105.90 105.90 -0.45 -0.42CFR China 114.00 114.00 -0.50 -0.44 Please see full metallurgical coal price/freight table, p.4Ferrous scrap HMS CFR Turkey, $/mt 308.00-310.00 309.00 -1.00 -0.32HMS FOB Rotterdam, $/mt 284.00-288.00 286.00 -1.00 -0.35A3, FOB Black Sea, $/mt 284.00-289.00 286.50 -1.00 -0.35Shredded del Midwest US, $/lt 338.00-342.00 340.00 0.00 0.00Shredded FOB East Coast, $/mt 290.00-295.00 292.50 -5.00 -1.68HMS del dock East Coast, $/lt 250.00-255.00 252.50 0.00 0.00HMS FAS US West Coast, $/mt 230.00-235.00 232.50 -5.00 -2.11 Singapore —Spot iron ore prices declined again Wednesday, as Chinese mills shunned a variety of offers. Platts 62% Fe IODEX fell $1.25/dry mt to $66/dmt CFR North China. A number of offers were met with silence, or bids deemed too low to meet. “Yesterday and today, all buyers aren’t very anxious about committing to spot cargoes now,” a Hong Kong-based trader said. “We’re trying to sell our cargoes but it’s not that easy to. A lot of mills are not eager to buy more iron ore as their profit margins are being threatened because steel hasn’t been doing well. The seasonal factor is huge.” The cold weather in China impedes pro-ductivity in the construction and infrastructure sectors, both major consumers of steel. Mills spurn iron ore offers and prices fall A procurement source at a Hebei-based mill said some steelmakers were going to start cutting crude steel production by bring-ing forward maintenance at their blast fur-naces. “Steel margins are so weak now in any case, so mills are thinking they might as well let this coincide with their mainte-nance periods. We are hearing of this going on in the Tangshan region [in Hebei], as well as in Shandong.” This would further constrain ore demand, the source said. Vale tender IOCJ fines Meanwhile, Brazilian miner Vale sold at $75.11/dmt 64.96% Fe Iron Ore Carajas (continued on page 2)

2015年1月1日《铁路旅客运输服务质量规范》

附件1： 动车组列车服务质量规范 1适用范围 本规范对中国铁路总公司所属铁路运输企业的动车组列车旅客运输服务提出了质量要求。 2术语和定义 2.1动车组列车：指由若干带动力和不带动力的车辆以固定编组组成、两端设有司机室的一组列车。 2.2重点旅客：指老、幼、病、残、孕旅客。特殊重点旅客是指依靠辅助器具才能行动等需特殊照顾的重点旅客。 3安全秩序 3.1防火防爆、人身安全、食品安全、现金票据、结合部等安全管理制度健全有效。 3.2出、入动车所前，由车辆、客运人员对上部服务设施状态进行检查，办理一次性交接；运行途中，发现上部服务设施故障时，客运乘务人员立即向列车长报告，并通知随车机械师共同确认、处理。 3.3各车厢灭火器、紧急制动阀（手柄或按钮）、烟雾报警器、应急照明灯、防火隔断门、紧急门锁、紧急破窗锤、气密窗、厕所紧急呼叫按钮及车门防护网（带）、应急梯、紧急用渡板、应急灯（手电筒）、扩音器等安全设施设备配置齐全，作用良好，定位放置。乘务人员知位置、知性能、会使用。 3.4安全使用电源，正确使用电器设备。电器元件安装牢固，接线及插座无松动，按钮开关、指示灯作用良好；不乱接电源和增加电器设备，不超过允许负载。配电室（箱）、电气控制柜锁闭，无堆放物品。不用水冲刷车内地板、连接处和车内电器设备。 3.5餐车配置的微波炉、电烤箱、咖啡机等厨房电器符合规定数量、规格和额定功率，规范使用，使用中不离开操作区域，用后及时断电、清洁。 3.6执行车门管理制度。 3.6.1列车到站停稳后，司机或随车机械师开启车门，并监控车门开启状态。开车前，列车长（重联时为运行方向前组列车长）确认站方开车铃声结束、旅客乘降、高铁快件和餐车物品装卸完毕后，通知司机或随车机械师关闭车门。 3.6.2 CRH5型动车组列车停靠低站台时，到站前乘务人员提前锁闭辅助板指

全球新能源发展报告2015

《全球新能源发展报告2015》发布 4月15日，在第九届中国新能源国际高峰论坛上，汉能控股集团和全国工商联新能源商会联合发布《全球新能源发展报告2015》。报告指出，全球能源体系向分布式移动能源演进。报告预测，到2020年，移动能源产品市场规模将达到4.7万亿元。 移动能源是以可移动的分布式发电技术为基础，通过和储能、控制、信息通信等技术的有机结合，实现能源的可移动、全天候、高效率供应。 全国工商联新能源商会会长李河君指出，移动能源包括可移动、可穿戴的太阳能发电，它将像移动通讯和移动互联网一样，改变传统能源的生产和消费方式。“传统集中供电将变成一个个发电主体，能源利用将无处不在。”发展移动能源是太阳能产业的一个重大机会。报告还指出，2014年，全球新能源发电延续了高速增长的趋势，累计装机容量达到653吉瓦，年发电量同比增速达19%。预测中指出，2015~2020年太阳能发电增速超过风电增速。 “十三五战略规划中，发展可再生能源将成为促进能源生产、消费革命的主要力量。”国家能源局新能源和可再生能源司副司长梁志鹏在论坛上表示。

据国际能源署预测，到2020年，全球能源供应增量中三分之二将来自新能源，2035年新能源将成为世界第二大电力。经济新常态，将为我国新能源的发展将提供动力和重大机遇。 附：报告摘要 一、发展现状： 1.新能源占比持续增加 (1)化石能源累计装机容量占比持续下降，由2013年66.1%降至65.1%。新能源累计装机容量占比持续上涨，由2013年9.5%上涨至10.9%

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