定语从句易犯错误小结

定语从句易犯错误小结

定语从句是英语的重点，也是历年来考的热点，占该题型的13%。但是，由于定语从句的结构和用法比较复杂，初学者在使用时往往容易犯一些错误，最常见的有如下七种：

一、在定语从句中加了多余的定语。如：

1．误：Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come．

正：Some of the boys I invited didn’t come．

译：我邀请的男孩中有几个没有来。

析：应删去them，因为从句的宾语是省略了的whom，who或that。

2．误：The book that you need it is in the library．

正：The book that you need is in the library．

译：你需要的书在图书馆里。

析：应删去it，因为从句的宾语是关系代词that。

二、把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。如：

1．误：Anyone who break the law will be punished．

正：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished．

译：任何违犯法律的人将被处罚。

析：应改break为breaks，因为who指anyone，是单数。

2．误：Those who has finished may go home．

正：Those who have finished may go home．

译：做完了的人现在可以回家。

析：应改has为have，因为who指those，是复数。

3．误：He is the only one of the teachers who know French in our school．

正：He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school．

译：他是我们学校中唯一懂法语的人。

析：应改know为knows，因为one前有the only之类限定词，定语从句在意义上修饰的是the only one，是单数，而不是复数名词the teachers。

4．误：This is one of the rooms that is free now．

正：This is one of the rooms that are free now．

译：这是目前空着的房间之一。

析：应改is为are，因为one前没有the only之类的限定词，定语从句在意义上修饰的是名词复数the rooms，而不是单数one。

三、误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。如：

1．误：Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth．

正：Children who／？that eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth．

译：吃糖多的孩子往往牙齿不好。

析：应加上关系代词who或that，因为从句少主语，且主语不能省略。

2．误：The key opens the bike is missing．

正：The key that／which opens the bike is missing．

译：开这辆自行车的钥匙不见了。

析：应加上关系代词that或which，因为从句少主语，且主语不能省略。

四、定语从句中加了多余的关系副词或介词。如：

1．误：The house where he lives in needs repairing．

正：The house where he lives needs repairing．

或：The house he lives in needs repairing．

译：他住的房子需要修理。

析：应保留where，删去从句中的in，因为关系副词where在从句中作地点状语，in属多余。或删去关系副词where，因为where在这里的意思是in which，否则介词in就重复了。

2．误：I still remember the day on when I first came to Beijing．

正：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing．

或：I still remember the day on which I first came to Beijing．

译：我仍记得我第一次来到北京那天的情景。

析：应删去on，因为when在这里的意思是on which，否则介词on就重复了，或把when改为which。

五、在作先行词的时间名词或地点名词后错用了关系代词或关系副词。如：

1．误：I still remember the day when we spent together．

正：I still remember the day that／which we spent together．

译：我仍记得我们在一起度过的日子。

析：应改when为that或which，因为从句中谓语动词spent是及物动词，其后应跟宾语而不是时间状语。

2．误：This is the house where we lived in last year．

正：This is the house which／that we lived in last year．

译：这是我们去年住过的那个房子。

析：应改where为which或that，因为从句谓语动词lived后有介词in，其后少介词宾语，而不是地点状语。

六、在先行词reason后错用关系副词why。如：

1．误：Have you asked her for the reason why may explain her absence？

正：Have you asked her for the reason that／which may explain her absence？

译：你是否向他问过可以解释他缺席的原因？

析：应改why为that或which，因为定语从句缺少主语，而不是少原因状语。

2．误：I don’t believe the reason why he has given for his being late．

正：I don’t believe the rea son that／which he has given for his being late．

译：我不相信他所提供的他迟到的原因。

析：应改why为that或which，因为从句谓语动词has given后缺少宾语，而不是少原因状语。

七、误将强调句型当定语从句。如：

1．误：It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out．

正：It was in the kitchen that the fire broke out．

译：大火发生在厨房。

析：应将where改that，因为原句还原为The fire broke out in the kitchen后，在语法和句意上均成立，故此题是强调句型，而非定语从句。

2．误：Was it because it snowed last night when you didn’t come？

正：Was it because it snowed last night that you didn’t come？

译：你是否因昨晚下雪而没有来？

析：应将when改为that，因为，原句还原为Because it snowed last night，you didn’t come后，在语法和句意上均成立，故此题是强调句型而非定语从句

定语从句小结(1)

定语从句小结（1） 1)关系代词的选择，主要是指who and that;that and which;as and which这三对关系代词的选择。 a.who 可以代表人、人格化了的动物、神话故事中的人物或有生命的事物，例如： The dog who is barkig to our pet. 2)在从句中作主语时，倾向于用who,如Do you know the comrade who spoke just now? 3)当先行词泛指代词he ,they 或指示代词those 等时，常用who eg: He who does no gets no pay. We are badly in need of those who can work in real earnest. 4)当先行词前出现不定冠词时，多用who eg: I have found a man who can do this work. 5)在there be 句型中，既作主语又表示人时多用who，或省略。eg: There's a man who live in that village. 6)不定代词one,ones,anyone等作先行词时，多用who.eg: One who works without complain is weccome here. 7)定语从句和先行词被隔开，用that可能引起歧义时，应用who; eg: I saw a man in the street who was srrounded by many people. 8)在非限制定性定语从句中，一般用who，不用that. eg: The soliders, who may have felt sorry for the boy, had him stand with his back to his father. 9)如果两个定语从句出现在一个句子中，且第一个关系代词是that的话，第二个就用who. eg: The man that I like is the one who is both competent and diligent. 但在平行结构中，应根据平行结构的原则重复同一个关系代词。eg: I met a Greek who travelled a lot in the world,but who knew very little about his own country. 注意：关系代词前如有介词或非限制定性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词前要用whom. eg: In the dark street,there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help. The brave man,whom the tiger was shot by, is a good hunter. 10)关系代词that的使用场合 (1)一般来说，先行词是all,any,anything,everything,nothing,much,little,few等，关系代词应用that。eg: Everything that can be done is done. (2)先行词之前有all,any,every,no, little,much,only,very等修饰时，关系代词应用that.

定语从句特殊用法

定语从句中的特殊用法 定语从句是起定语作用的,修饰,说明名词,代词或句子内容的从句,被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。引导定语从句，并在句中担任成分的词叫做关系代词或关系副词。定语从句是高考常考内容之一，使用时要尤其注意以下十种特殊用法。 一、只用that不用which的情况 1、当先行词是all, little, few, much, something,everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时。如：Everything that happened then was like a nightmare.当时发生的一切就像是一场噩梦。 I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.我要把你在舞会上跟我说的话全都告诉他。 2、当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, just, very（恰好的,表示强调）等词修饰时。例如：The only thing that we could do was to wait.我们能做的只是等待。 That’sthe very thing that we can do.那正是我们能做的事。 3、当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。例如：The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.我们参观的第一个地方是长城。 This is the best novel that I have ever read.这是我看过的最好的小说。 4、被修饰词为数词时。例如： Yesterday I caught two fishes and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive.昨天我捉到了两条鱼，把它们放在一盆水里。你可以看到那两条鱼还活着呢。 5、主句是There be结构，修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词修饰物。例句：There’sstill a room that is free.还有一个空房间。

二次根式单元 易错题难题提高题检测

一、选择题 1．下列计算正确的是（ ） A = B ．2= C ．(2 6 = D == 2．,a ==b a 、b 可以表示为 （ ） A ． 10 a b + B ． 10 -b a C ． 10 ab D ． b a 3．) 5=（ ） A ．5+ B ．5+ C ．5+ D ．4．下列各式中，正确的是（ ） A 2=± B = C 3=- D 2= 5．下列各式计算正确的是（ ） A ．6 23 212 6()b a b a b a ---?= B ．（3xy ）2÷（xy ）=3xy C = D ．2x ?3x 5=6x 6 6．化简 ） A B C D 7．已知a 满足2018a -a ，则a －2 0182＝( ) A ．0 B ．1 C ．2 018 D ．2 019 8．如果a ，那么a 的取值范围是（ ） A ．a 0= B ．a 1= C ．a 1≤ D ．a=0a=1或 9．下列各式成立的是（ ） A 2 B 5=- C x D 6=- 10．2的结果是（ ） A ．±3 B ．﹣3 C ．3 D ．9 二、填空题 11．若m m 3﹣m 2﹣2017m +2015＝_____．

12．计算（π-3）02-2 11(223)-4 --22 --（） 的结果为_____． 13．设四边形ABCD 是边长为1的正方形，以对角线AC 为边作第二个正方形ACEF ，再以对角线AE 为边作第二个正方形AEGH ，如此下去……． ⑴记正方形ABCD 的边长为11a =，按上述方法所作的正方形的边长依次为 234,,,,n a a a a ，请求出234,,a a a 的值； ⑵根据以上规律写出n a 的表达式． 14．已知()230m m --≤，若整数a 满足52m a +=，则a =__________． 15．为了简洁、明确的表示一个正数的算术平方根，许多数学家进行了探索，期间经历了400余年，直至1637年法国数学家笛卡儿在他的《几何学》中开始使用“ ”表示算数平 方根．我国使用根号是由李善兰（1811-1882年）译西方数学书时引用的，她在《代数备旨》中把图1所示题目翻译为： 22164?a x a x +=则图2所示题目（字母代表正数）翻译为_____________，计算结果为_______________. 16．化简二次根式2a 1 a +- _____. 17．已知：5+2 2可用含x 2=_____． 18．已知实数m 、n 、p 满足等式 33352m n m n m n p m n p -+--+----，则p =__________． 19．4102541025-+++=_______．

定语从句易错题

1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 解析:最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由"介词+which"引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was. 请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）： （1）Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are （2）The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are （3）Next month we'll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are 2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, "Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?" A. that B. which C. where D. what 【解析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为"在附近"；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？ 3. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 解析：最佳答案是B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。 4. _______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 解析：此题答案选A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that 从句。

定语从句及其引导词用法

一、基本概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 关系副词有：when, where, why. 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1．作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2．作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略；用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3．作定语用whose, 如： (a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week. (b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如： They came to a house whose back wall had broken down.. (= the back wall of which) He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. (= whose name) 4．作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be. （二）关系副词的用法： 1．when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如： I still remember the time when I first became a college student. Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? 注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如： Each time he came, he did his best to help us. But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill. 2．where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place, spot, street, house, room,

人教版初中数学二次根式易错题汇编及答案

人教版初中数学二次根式易错题汇编及答案 一、选择题 1．下列各式中，运算正确的是（ ） A ．632a a a ÷= B ．325()a a = C ．= D = 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 利用同底数幂的除法、幂的乘方、二次根式的加法和二次根式的除法法则计算． 【详解】 解：A 、a 6÷a 3=a 3，故不对； B 、（a 3）2=a 6，故不对； C 、和不是同类二次根式，因而不能合并； D 、符合二次根式的除法法则，正确． 故选D ． 2．在实数范围内有意义，则a 的取值范围是（ ） A ．a≤﹣2 B ．a≥﹣2 C ．a ＜﹣2 D ．a ＞﹣2 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 在实数范围内有意义，则其被开方数大于等于0；易得a ＋2≥0，解不等式a ＋2≥0，即得答案. 【详解】 在实数范围内有意义， ∴a ＋2≥0，解得a ≥－2． 故选B. 【点睛】 本题是一道关于二次根式定义的题目，应熟练掌握二次根式有意义的条件； 3．已知实数a 满足2006a a -=，那么22006a -的值是（ ） A ．2005 B ．2006 C ．2007 D ．2008 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 先根据二次根式有意义的条件求出a 的取值范围，然后去绝对值符号化简，再两边平方求

出22006a -的值． 【详解】 ∵a-2007≥0， ∴a ≥2007， ∴2006a a -=可化为a 2006a -+=， 2006=， ∴a-2007=20062， ∴22006a -=2007． 故选C ． 【点睛】 本题考查了绝对值的意义、二次根式有意义的条件，求出a 的取值范围是解答本题的关键． 4．下列计算中，正确的是( ) A ．= B 1 b =(a ＞0，b ＞0) C = D ． =【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 a≥0，b≥0 a≥0，b ＞0）进行计算即可． 【详解】 A 、 B 1b （a ＞0，b ＞0），故原题计算正确； C ，故原题计算错误； D 3 2

(易错题精选)初中英语语法知识—定语从句的易错题汇编及答案(1)

一、选择题 1．The four tools _________ people use for Chinese handwriting are called“Four Treasures of Study”. A．that B．who C．what D．whom 2．Shirley is the girl ______ taught me how to use Wechat(微信). A．whom B．which C．who 3．The painting by Picasso ________ is about people’s love for life is shown in the museum. A．who B．which C．what 4．-- Class, you should be thankful to those people _______ helped and supported you. -- We will. Miss Chen. A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 5．Those students ____ from England like Chinese food very much. A．who is B．which are C．that is D．who are 6．—Qingdao is the most beautiful city ________ I’ve ever been to. —So it is. Many international meetings are held there every year. A．that B．which C．who D．where 7．Lily doesn’t know what she and her friends can do to help the little boy _______parents have left their hometown for making money. A．that B．who C．whom D．whose 8．The film _____________ I like best is Frozen. A．who B．where C．which 9．Yuan Longping is a Chinese scientist __________ is leading a research to develop sea rice. A．whose B．which C．who 10．The movie ______ we saw last night was fantastic. A．that B．what C．whose D．Who 11．— What are you doing, Tim? — I am listening to the song Long Live _______ makes me feel excited. A．which B．who C．/ 12．This is the small village inn ______ not long ago. A．we stayed B．where we stayed C．which we stayed D．where we stayed in 13．—Have you heard of Junko Tabei? —Yes, she was the first woman ________ succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma. A．who B．whom C．which D．that 14．This photo often reminds the man of his grandfather ________ died five years ago.

初中英语定语从句总结(精辟)

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