2013年春期镇平县七年级期中调研测试(含答案)

镇平县2013年春期七年级期中调研测试生物试卷

一·单项选择题（每小题2分，共60分请把你选出的答案填在括号中）

1·在新药临床使用前，要进行一系列的药物安全性试验。如果下列各种生物的数量足够，则最佳的选择对象是

A·.鸡B·小白鼠C·猴D·黑猩猩2·睾丸的生理功能是

A·产生精子和分泌雄性激素B·贮存和输送精子

C·产生精子和分泌黏液D·排出精液和尿液

3·胎儿排出体内废物的途径是

A·母体-胎盘-脐带-胎儿B，胎儿-脐带-胎盘-母体。

C. 母体-脐带-胎盘-胎儿D·胎儿-胎盘-脐带-母体

4·使相等重量10℃的水升高至50℃，需要燃烧甲、乙、丙和丁四种物质的量分别是30g、25g、60g和90g。则含能量最少的物质是

A·甲物质B·乙物质C·丙物质D·丁物质5·某地的儿童中出现了较多的智力和体格发育障碍，原因可能是饮食中缺少了下列哪种无机盐造成的?

A·含碘的B·含锌的C·含铁的D·含钙的6·患夜盲症的病人应多食用下列哪种食物?

A·胡萝卜B·大白菜C·面粉D·植物油7·下列哪组消化腺分泌的消化液中含有消化糖类、蛋白质和脂肪的酶?

A·唾液腺和胃腺B·肠腺和胰腺

C·胃腺和肝脏D·唾液腺和肝脏

8·合理营养是指全面而平衡的营养。下列做法中不正确的是

A.日常食甩食品中的营养物质种类要齐全

B·日常食用食品中的各种营养物质的量要合适

C·早、中、晚三餐的能量分别占日总能量的30%、40%和30%

D·饭菜中要多加油盐和让儿童吃他们喜欢的食物

9·下列不注意食品安全的行为是

A·买带"QS"图标的食物B·买检疫合格的新鲜肉

C·食物煮熟后吃就安全了D·水果经清水冲洗或去皮后食用10·下列器官中既是呼吸器官，又是发声器官的是

A·口B·咽C·喉D·肺

11，·下列能使人吸入的空气变洁净的结构是

①鼻毛②鼻黏膜③会厌软骨④声带⑤气管和支气管内表面的黏膜和纤毛

A·①②③B·②④⑤C·①④⑤D·①②⑤12·与保持呼吸道畅通有关的是

A·呼吸道部位的骨或软骨B·构成胸廓的肋骨

C·肺部气体与处界空气的压力差D·呼吸道内纤毛的摆动

13·比较下表中的数据，呼出的气体中含量变化最大的是

A·氮气·B·氧气C·二氧化碳D·水14·胸廓扩张是下列哪种活动过程的结果

A·膈肌舒张B·肋骨问的肌肉舒张

C·膈肌收缩D·肋骨问的肌肉收缩

15·如右图所示，a是呼吸道，b足胸腔，c是肺。

当肋间肌和膈肌舒张时，a、b、c三个部位的压力大小

依次是

A·a>b>c B·c>b>a

C·b>a>c D·b>c>a

16·肺活量是人尽力吸气后再尽力呼气所能呼出的气体量。结合所学知识想-想，下列说法正确的是

A·肺活量大好B·肺活量过大过小均不好

C·肺活量小好D·所有人的肺活量均@样

17·人体呼出的气体中，棺多(加)的二氧化碳来自

A·气臂和支气管B·肺泡C·血液D·全身的组织细胞18·在相同时间内，同一人在下列哪种活动中消耗的氧气最多

A·散步B·静坐·C·做操D·踢足球19·人肺内的肺泡数目众多，其意义是

A·肺内贮存的气体量增多B·使肺内氧的含量增加

C·增大了进行气体交换的面积D·使气体进出肺顺畅

20·将一定量人的血液放入装有抗凝刹的试管内，静置一段时间后，可以观察到血液分为三层。上层是

A·血浆B·红细胞C·白细胞和血小板D·血清21·下列哪种物质减少易引起小伤口流血不止?

A·RBC B·WBC C·Hb D·.PLT 22·关于红细胞的叙述中，不正确的是

A·红细胞呈双面凹的圆饼状B·红细胞具有防御和保护作用

C·成熟的红细胞无细胞核D·红细胞具有运输氧气的作用23·关于造血千细胞的叙述中错误的是

A·造血干细胞主要位于骨髓中

B·造血干细胞可分化为各种各样的细胞

C·造血干细胞来自干细胞

D·造血干细胞能分化为红细胞、白细胞和血小板

24·血液的运输作用是由下列哪些成分完成的?

A·血浆和红细胞B·臼细胞和血小板

C·血浆和白细胞D·红细胞和血小板

25·观察小鱼尾鲜血液流动时，血流速度最慢的血管是

A·小动脉B·小静脉C·毛细血管D·小动脉和小静脉

26·下列说法中正确的是

A·连通最小动、静脉的血管是毛细血管

B·动脉血管中流动的血液是动脉血

C·经过肺循环使动脉血变为静脉血

D·静脉血管中流动的血液是静脉血

27·心脏的壁主要是出哪种组织构成的?

A·神经组织B·结缔组织C·肌肉组织D·上皮组织28·下列结构中直接相通的是

A·左心房与右心房B·主动脉与肺动脉

C·左心室与右心室D·主动脉与左心室

29·下列说法中错误的是

A·心率是指每分钟心跳的次数B·一个人的心率是固定不变的

C·脉博与心跳的次数相同D·一个人的心率在不同情况下不一样30·高血压指的是一个人的血压经常高于多少千帕?

A·18.6/12 B·18/1l C·l2/8 D·l2/6·7 二非选择题(每空1分，共"40分)

1·精子和卵细胞在内结合形成受精卵，它是人的起点。

2·你知道或食用过的食物中，含糖类较多约有;含脂肪较多的

有;含蛋白质较多的有

（各填两种)。

3·人体的各项，离开水部无法进行。人体

内的营养物质以及尿素等废物，只有在水

中才能运输。

4·消化系统是由和组成的;

根据右图淀粉(x)、脂肪(y)、蛋白质(z)的消化曲线，

回答下列问题

(l)A、B、C、D、E依次表示的器官是、、、和。

(2)从图中可期食物主要是在内消化的(填字母)。在该处淀粉和蛋白质被分

解为和

5·右图所示的是某人在1个标准大气压下，

一次呼吸过程中肺内气压的变化曲线。据图

和所学知识回答下列问题:

(1)曲线AB表示时肺内气压

的变化。此时的肋间肌和膈肌处于

状态，胸腔的容积胸腔压力减小，肺扩张，

最终造成肺内的压力外界气体

的压力。

(2)曲线BC段表示时肺内气压的变化，在此过程中胸腔的容积逐渐

(3)在本次呼吸中，吸气结束的一瞬间位于曲线中的点，此时肺内的气压外界的大气压。

6·下图是心脏结构(包括与其相连的血管)及其工作过程的示意图，据图回

答下列问题:

(1)图中⑤⑥⑦⑧所示心脏四个腔的名称分别是、、和，你判断的依据是。（2）图中①②③和④所示血管的名称分别是和。其中流动脉血和流静脉血的血管分别是和(填标号)。(3)图中A、B和C分别表示心脏的不同工作状态，其中A图示左右心房的同时，左右心室舒张;B图示左右心室的同时，左右心房舒张;C图示心房和心室均

(4)在心房与心室之间、心室与动脉之间都县有能开闭的，它们只能朝一个方向打开，能够防止血液倒流。

七年级生物期中试题参考答案

2013.4 一．选择题（每小题2分，共60分）

1——5 DABDA 6——10 ABDCC 11——15 DACDD

16——20 ADDCA 21——25 DBBAC 26——30 ACDBA

二．非选择题（每空1分，共40分）

1．输卵管；生长和发育2．略3．生命活动；溶解4．消化道；消化腺；口腔；食道；胃；小肠；大肠；D；葡萄糖；氨基酸

5．吸气；收缩；扩大(增大)；低于(小于)；呼气；减少(小)；B；等于

6．右心房；左心房；右心室；左心室；左心室的壁最厚或左心室的壁比右心室的壁厚或右心室的壁比左心室的壁薄；上、下腔静脉；肺动脉；主动脉；肺静脉；③和④；①和②；收缩；收缩；舒张；瓣膜

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