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2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-非谓语动词(解析版)

2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-非谓语动词(解析

版)

【2020年】

1.（2020·新课标I卷）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66．(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.

【答案】to find

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。

2.（2020·新课标I卷）I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.

【答案】frying改为fried

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，故将frying改为fried。

3.（2020·新课标I卷）My mom told me how to preparing it

【答案】preparing改为prepare。

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how+不定式”作told 的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。

4.（2020·新课标II卷）They represent the earth 63．(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.

【答案】coming

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。

5. （2020·新课标II卷）They make great gifs and you see them many times 65．(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.

【答案】decorated

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。

6.（2020·新课标II卷）They are easy 68．(care) for and make great presents.

【答案】to care

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词+ to do”结构。故填to care。

7.（2020·新课标III卷）The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67．(find) the well-known painter.

【答案】to find

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。

8.（2020·新课标III卷）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69．(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.

【答案】surrounding

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。

9.(2020·山东卷) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or 43．(walk)through a rainforest.

【答案】walking

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。

10.(2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60．(change)lives.

【答案】to change

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。

11.(2020·浙江卷)Later，they learned to work with the seasons (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas，63．(make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.

【答案】making

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。

12. （2020·江苏卷）Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.

A. combined with

B. combining with

C. having combined with

D. to be combined with

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be combined with“与……结合/联合”，本句中省略be动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选A。

13．（2020·天津卷)___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.

A．Having completed B．Being completed

C．Completed D．Completing

【答案】C

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired，此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building和动词complete 是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式，不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。

14.（2020·天津卷)The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth.

A．to be promoted B．being promoted C．promoting D．to promote

【答案】D

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，句中存在谓语doesn't have to sacrifice，空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系，因此使用动词不定式形式。故选D项。

15．（2020·天津卷)______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.

A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知，老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的，应用动词不定式。故选A。

【2019年】

1.【2019·江苏卷】__________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.

A. To enjoy

B. Enjoying

C. To have enjoyed

D. Enjoy

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。故选A。

2.【2019·天津卷】____________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.

A. Learn

B. Learned

C. Learning

D. Having learned

【答案】C

【解析】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以做主语。此处用动名词做主语，故选C。

3.【2019·江苏卷】China's image is improving steadily, with more countries__________ its role in international affairs.

A. recognizing

B. being recognized

C. to be recognized

D. recognized

【答案】A

【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with + 名词+ 现在分词结构，故选A。

4.【2019·天津卷】The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in his class.

A. should they

B. they should

C. dare they

D. they dare

【答案】A

【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account 决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，应该做should do,敢于做dare do，根据句意表示”应该“，故选A。

5.【2019·新课标I卷】Modem methods ___of__ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area.

【答案】to perform

【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。

6.【2019·新课标I卷】Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,…

【答案】noting

【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。

7.【2019·新课标II卷】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.

【答案】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly,

say

saying

that I had a talent for football.

【解析】考查现在分词。本句句意：操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词为cheered，say在这里作伴随状语。与主语players是主动关系，故将say改为saying。

8.【2019·新课标II卷】A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.

【答案】being

【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。

9.【2019·新课标II卷】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ___declared__(declare) she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.

【答案】to retire

【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth做后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。

10.【2019·新课标II卷】When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___a__ joke.

【答案】saying

【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。

11.【2019·新课标III卷】On our way to the house，it was raining ___so__ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there.

【答案】to retire

【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。

12.【2019·新课标III卷】On the last day of our week-long stay，we _were invited__(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.

【答案】listening

【解析】考查现在分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。

13.【2019·浙江卷】When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings,…

【答案】cycling

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。

14.【2019·浙江卷】But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform.

【答案】to wear

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，这里是动词不定式作to的宾语。故填to wear。

15.【2019·北京卷】Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _myself_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.

【答案】facing

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。

【2018年】

1.【2018·北京】_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience

A. Travel

B. Traveling

C. Having traveled

D. Traveled

【答案】B

【解析】考查动名词。句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。

2.【2018·北京】During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.

A. share

B. to share

C. having shared

D. shared

【答案】B

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中秋节期间，家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼。gather 是谓语动词，“_________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语，家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭，赏月，品尝月饼，表目的用动词不定式，故B选项正确。

3.【2018·北京】Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.

A. used

B. to use

C. using

D. use

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap 和use之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A选项正确。

4.【2018·天津】I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t

help_______ it.

A. to eat；to try

B. eating；trying

C. eating；to try

D. to eat；trying

【答案】D

【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do（打算做），couldn’t help doing忍不住做。故选D。

5.【2018·天津】I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________.

A. taking

B. taken

C. being taken

D. take

【答案】B

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。

6.【2018·江苏】Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.

A. having exceeded

B. to exceed

C. exceeded

D. exceeding

【答案】D

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这期间，大约创造13,500个新的工作，超过市场分析师持有的12,000的预期数量。分析全句可知，这里指前一件事情所带来自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。故选D。

7.【2018·新课标I卷】You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.

【答案】62. to see ；63.dying

【解析】62.考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to see。63.考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。

8.【2018·新课标I卷】My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.

【答案】sell改为selling

【解析】考查动名词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。

9.【2018·新课标II卷】Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality.

【答案】to improve

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。

10.【2018·新课标III卷】I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____65____(challenge).

【答案】64.looking；65.challened

【解析】64.考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。

65.考查非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。

11.【2018·新课标III卷】Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.

【答案】wait改为waiting

【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，本句有谓语为was，而且没有连词，与主语是主动关系，所以wait 要用非谓语waiting，表伴随。

12.【2018·浙江卷】I still remember59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was

shocked (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.

【答案】visiting

【解析】此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth.，故填visiting。

【2017年】

1.【2017·天津卷】The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____ more patients to be treated.

A. being allowed

B. allowing

C. having allowed

D. allowed

【答案】B

【解析】句意：近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗。前句购进医疗设备和后面允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系，用doing即现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。

A. being allowed 表示被动且正在进行 C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动词发生 D. allowed 表示被动且完成，故选B。

2.【2017·天津】I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ______.

A. catching

B. caught

C. to catch

D. to be caught

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。根据上文判断出as引导原因状语从句，Sb. have sth. to do 某人有某事要做（在本句中to do 由主语完成），根据句意判断选C。

3.【2017·江苏卷】Many Chinese brands, _______ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.

A. having developed

B. being developed

C. developed

D. developing

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。brands是逻辑主语，和develop是主谓关系，所以用现在分词，表示伴随状况；再根据“over centuries”可知，应该使用现在分词的完成式，故选A。句意：许多中国品牌，享誉数百年，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。

4.【2017·北京卷】Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ their valuable time.

A. save

B. saving

C. to save

D. saved

【答案】C

【解析】句意：许多航空公司现在允许乘客网上打印他们的登机牌来节省时间。此处是动词不定式表目的，故选C。

5.【2017·北京卷】Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students.

A. to spend

B. spend

C. spending

D. spent

【答案】D

【解析】句意：Jim已经退休了，但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语，空格只能填非谓语动词，逻辑主语是time，和spend之间是被动关系，故用过去分词spent。

【2016年】

1.【2016·北京】________ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.

A. Made

B. Make

C. Making

D. To make

【答案】D

【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更方便地联系到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。根据句意可知，这里是目的状语，表目的用动词不定式，故选D。

2.【2016·北京】______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.

A. Ordering

B. To order

C. Having ordered

D. Ordered

【答案】D

【解析】题目考查过去分词作状语。句意：(因为)那些书是一周多之前订的，现在随时有可能送到。books 和order是动宾关系，即order the books/the books are ordered，故用过去分词表示被动和完成，在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered...，故选D。

3.【2016·北京】Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ________ the old town into a dreamland.

A. turn

B. turning

C. to turn

D. turned

【答案】B

【解析】题目考查现在分词表伴随状况。句意：新建的木屋林立在街道的两旁，使古镇变成了一个梦幻之地。turn的逻辑主语是cottages，两者是主动关系，故用现在分词，表示主动和伴随，故选B。

4.【2016·江苏】In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message________within the work.

A. to hide

B. hidden

C. hiding

D. being hidden

【答案】B

【解析】考查分词作定语。相当于定语从句that is hidden within the work。A、C项表示主动含义，D项表示正在进行，与语境不符。故B项正确。

5.【2016·天津】The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary.

A. making

B. to make

C. made

D. being made

【答案】A

【解析】句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语，但是那是预料不到的结果。故选A。

6.【2016·浙江】To return to the problem of water pollution , I'd like you to look at a study _______ in Australia in 2012.

A. having conducted

B. to be conducted

C. conducting

D. conducted

【答案】D

【解析】句意：为了回到水污染的问题，我想要你研究一下2012年澳大利亚进行的研究。使用非谓语动词作定语，study和conduct是动宾关系，用过去分词作定语。B项也表示被动，但是不定式的被动，表示将要发生的事情。故选D。

7.【2016·浙江】I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students.

A. working

B. work

C. to work

D. worked

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我在海上航行和现在和学生一起一样快乐。使用非谓语动词作状语，I和work是主谓关系，用现在分词作时间状语。故选A。

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高中英语语法讲解【非谓语动词】【专题要点】非谓语动词和独立主格结构主要用法如下： 1.动名词和动词不定式作主语、宾语； 2.只跟动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语； 3.只跟动词不定式作宾语的常见动词； 4.既可以跟动名词又可以跟动词不定式作宾语，且意义不同的动词或短语； 5.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别； 6.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语时的区别； 7.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语时的区别； 8.动名词的复合结构在句中作状语； 9.there be 结构的两种非谓语形式； 10.独立主格结构在句中作状语； 11.with复合结构在句中作状语或定语。【教法指引】非谓语动词包括不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词，是高中英语学习的难点，也是高考考查的重点。高中英语非谓语动词是一个重要考点，教师在引导学生复习备考中要注意重点突出、训练得当，尤其是对以下要点的复习： 1.不定式、现在分词与过去分词的用法区别； 2.非谓语动词的主动式与被动式； 3.非谓语动词完成式的用法； 4.非谓语动词用作伴随状语； 5.非谓语动词用作目的状语； 6.非谓语动词用作结果状语； 7.非谓语动词用作宾语补足语；

8.非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题； 9.非谓语动词用作主语的问题； 10.“（be+）过去分词+介词”结构； 11.动名词的复合结构和there be结构的非谓语动词形式。对于独立主格结构的复习，教师必须要讲清它的构成方式和在句子中的作用以及与with复合结构和分词之间的辨析的关系。【知识网络】非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。 1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别（1）动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 Smoking is prohibited（禁止）here．这里禁止抽烟。（抽象） It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。（具体）（2）动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。（经验） Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。（经验）（3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job.我只花了五分钟的时间来完成这项工作。 2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别（1）不定式作表语 1）不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。 To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做两件事等于未做。 What I would suggest is to start work at once. 我的建议是立刻开始干。

高中英语非谓语动词用法详解及练习(含答案详解)

非谓语动词非谓语动词（一）——动词不定式动词不定式、分词(现在分词，过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用，因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语，也就不受人称和数的限定，因为不是谓语，也就没有时态和语态，但这些词仍能表示动作和状态，所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系，因此也有表示主、被动的形式，同时也有自己的宾语和状语，一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语，分词短语，动名词短语)。动词不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式在句中均不能作谓语用，所以叫做非谓语动词。（一）动词不定式：动词不定式由―to+ 动词原形‖构成，如：to study, to play，动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用，但仍留着动词的特征，它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语，如：to study hard, to play table tennis。 2、动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用，如：（1）作主语：To help each other is good.（动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，如：It is good to help each other. （2）作表语：My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语，与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别，如：Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的谓语动词为is，动词不定式to set up… 为表语，主语为plan，但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。）We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语，主语为we，同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的）。（3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语，如：She wishes to be a musician.；②作某些形容词的宾语：可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等，如：I am determined to give up smoking.；③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时，就可作介词的宾语，如：Can you give us some advice on what to do next? （4）作宾语补足语，如：Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等，作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去，如：I saw a little girl run across the street. （5）动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，须先用it作形式宾语，而将该动词不定式后置，如：I don’t think it right to do it that way. （6）作定语：动词不定式作定语时，须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后，如：Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要用必要的介词，如：He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way，不定式后面的介词，习惯上可以省去，如：The old man is looking for a quiet place to live. （7）作状语：动词不定式可以作下列的状语：①目的状语：Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用，可在不定式前加in order to或so as to（以便或为了），但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可，而so as to不能位于句首，如：She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首，也可强调目的的作用，如：To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词+ 动词不定式，表示―足能…‖的结果，如：You are old enough to take care of yourself now. 3、复合结构不定式：由for + 名词（或代词宾格）+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for

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