第4-7题-水平测试
广东外语外贸大学公开学院辅导资料
高级英语试卷
分类汇总及答案
课程代码 00600
(第4-7题)
试卷一:
Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding four items: IV, V, VI, VII and VIII.
It used to be easy to be a professor. Y ou would read your professional journals, write your scientific papers, teach and give seminars. But universities are in transition and so, therefore, are their faculties. More and more emphasis is being placed on research rather than teaching. With the constriction of federal research funding and the influx of support from private industry, some see a transformation from university to research institute to industrial subsidiary. So when today’s professors hit the big time, they have to read their professional literature and Business Week, write scientific papers and patent applications, teach, give seminars and sit on the scientific advisory boards of various corporations.
This interaction among scientists, universities and industry is not new. But the decrease in government support for research, combined with the explosion of new biotechnology products, has intensified the relationship. It is more productive and more complicated.
At present, both the university administration and private industry must play a role in developing the scientific knowledge that germinates and grows in the academic environment. The university is usually responsible for obtaining patents and for licensing the rights for its professors’ inventions. The biotech company, having licensed the product, must provide the considerable financial backing required for its development and marketing.
In the best of all possible worlds, the inventors, the university administrators and the biotech executives work as a well-oiled machine that creates a beneficial product and generates capital to support the academic lab, the scientist, the university and the company shareholders. In the real world, however, each of these component parts has its own agenda. The goals may not entirely overlap; the priorities may be misaligned.
Nevertheless, advantages accrue to each of the parties when they come together. The scientist often receives significant personal financial rewards as well as funds for research.
Collaborations between academic and industrial labs serve to extend the capacity and output of each. The university receives overhead. The company obtains the rights for a potentially lucrative product. And the product, if it survives the obstacle course between the lab and the bedside, will move into clinical use in a much shorter time. But, a cynic might recall there is no such thing as a free lunch. What price is paid to achieve these benefits? The answer depends on who responds to the question.
The academic scientist finds herself taking a crash course in business and law. The demands of negotiating agreements and writing patents drain time and energy. Some research activities are redirected from basic science toward more immediately practical goals. The promise of continuing industrial support is seductive but inevitably tied to commercial products and the bottom line. The lab may find itself focused on an agenda set by the company. The basic research that sparked the initial effort may lie fallow. The spontaneity of scientific pursuit, so prized by those lucky enough to have investigator-initiated government research grants, may be restricted. The speed with which the professor can share data or new reagents may be slowed. The result in the worst scenario would be deleterious for the lab, harmful for science, bad for society.
Happily, such wholesale commanding of academic labs does not occur if the lab maintains support from several sources. The decreased availability of government and foundation funds, however, makes the worst-case scenario an ominous possibility.
For the university, there are other concerns. If a university stands to gain financially from the commercialization of one of the professor’s inventions, for example, the institution may hesitate, out of fear of conflict-of-interest issues, to participate in clinical trials of the product. Such a policy, however, may engender friction and frustration in the relationship between university administrators and faculty members. Distrust can be heightened if the negotiations with companies are handled by an official who represents the university and not the interests of the faculty.
Universities themselves have faced the frustration of licensing their inventions to biotech companies that have then sublicensed them to larger firms for enormous fees. Because these ―fees‖ can be disguised by a variety of account ing procedures, there is no way for the university (or the inventor) to participate in the profits of the sublicensing agreement. Thus, unless the invention becomes a product, the profits made by the biotech companies by ―flipping the contract‖ are not sha red by the university or the inventor.
Meanwhile the company writes the checks. Y et, of the three parties involved, it compromises the least in its time-honored modus operandi. It has obtained an idea or a product and will use it to benefit itself and the public good. In the process, of course, it must contend with the touchy issue of academic freedom while controlling access to information
about the product—but the firm conducts business as usual.
IV.There are 10 incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (1 point each, 10 points in total)
55. The author’s field is probably ________.
A.literature and art
B.psychology and anthropology
C.science and medicine
D.sociology and art
56. It is not as easy to be a professor as it used to be because ________.
A. a professor has to give seminar now
B. a professor has to read a lot of professional journals
C. a professor has to write papers
D. a professor has to do research as well as to teach
57. More and more emphasis is being placed on research rather than teaching. The sentence
means _______.
A.research is considered more important than teaching
B.people like research more than before
C.more people like research than before
D.teaching is more interesting than before
58. According to the article, _____________.
A.there used to be interaction among scientists, universities and industry
B.there was little interaction among scientists, universities and industry
C.interaction was not appreciated
D.people di dn’t have time to interact
59. In the best of all possible worlds, the inventors, the university administrators and the
biotech executives work as a-well-oiled machine…
The underlined part is a _____________.
A. hyperbole
B. metaphor
C. simile
D. oxymoron
60. Nevertheless, advantages accrue to each of the parties when they come together. The sentence means____________.
A.benefits come to each of the parties when they come together
B.each of the parties can get something good easily when they come together
C.the parties share many things when they come together
D.none of the above
61. According to the article, the function of the university and industry is _________.
A.they should do research on marketing
B.they should promote the products
C.they both should play a part in developing the scientific knowledge growing in
academic environment
D.they should provide enough money for products’ development and marketing
62. The institution is unwilling to take part in clinical trials for the product because _______.
A.they are afraid that conflict-of-interest problem will arise
B.they are not sure whether the product would be beneficial
C.they are not confident about the product
D.they are afraid of losing money
63. Universities feel frustrated when they license inventions to biotech companies because ____________.
A.the company may obtain enormous profits by sublicensing inventions to larger firms
B.they are not sure whether their inventions will become products or not
C.they can’t share the profits of the sublicensing agreement
D.both A and C
64. The tone of the article is ___________.
A.sarcastic
B.ironic
C.indifferent
D.none of the above
V.There is one underlined part in each of the following sentences, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest in meaning to the underlined part and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (2 points each, 10 points in total)
65. But universities are in transition and so, therefore, are their faculties.
A.difficulties
B.in their best age
C.changing
D.popular
66. But the decrease in government support for research, combined with the explosion of
biotechnology products, has intensified the relationship.
A. has made more intense
B. has affected
C. has changed
D. has improved
67. But, a cynic might recall there is no such thing as a free lunch.
A.it is impossible
B.it is advantageous
C.it is profitable
D.it is quite good
68. The basic research that sparked the initial effort may lie fallow.
A.may be kept
B.may not be used
C.may be used entirely
D.may find its use
69. Thus, unless the invention becomes a product, the profits made by the biotech companies by ―flipping the contract‖ are not shared by the university or the inventor.
A.ignoring the contract
B.concentrating on the contract
C.treating the contract in an easy way
D.weakening the contract
VI.Translate the following into Chinese and write your translation on your Answer Sheet. (2 points each, 10 points in total)
70.But the decrease in government support for research, combined with the explosion of
new biotechnology products, has intensified the relationship.
71.At present, both the university administration and private industry must play a role in
developing the scientific knowledge.
72.The university is usually responsible for obtaining patents for its professors’ inventions.
73.The scientist often receives significant personal financial rewards as well as funds for
research.
74.What price is paid to achieve these benefits?
VII.Answer the following essay question in English with 80—100 words. Write your answer on your Answer Sheet. (10 points)
75.Do you think in universities more and more emphasis should be placed on research
rather than teaching? Why (not)?
参考答案:
IV: (1 point each, 10 points in total)
55—59 CDAAC 60—64 ACADD
V. (2 points each, 10 points in total)
65—69 CAABC
VI. (2 points each, 10 points in total)
70.但是由于政府减少了对研究工作的支持, 加上生物工程新产品的激增更加深
了他们之间的关系。
71.目前, 学校管理部门和私有工业必须在发展科学知识中起一定作用。
72.大学通常负责为教授们的发明获取专利。
73.科学家个人经常得到丰厚的经济回报及研究基金。
74.为得到这些利益要付出什么样的代价？
VII. Answer the following essay question in English with 80—100 words. Write your answer on your Answer Sheet. (10 points)
75. Why has English become the first truly global language?
试卷二:
Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding four items: IV, V, VI, VII and VIII.
1) If you are like most Americans, you probably do not think there is very much that is funny about English. There is too much pain involved in trying to get it right. But if we who were born to the language have so much trouble, think of the poor foreigners struggling with it.
2) For instance, the well-intentioned person who placed this sign in a Tokyo hotel: ―Y ou are invited to take advantage of the chambermaid.‖
3) In a Pakistani hotel: ―Please leave your values at the front desk.‖
4) And, my favorite of all, in Zurich hotel: ―Because of the impropriety of entertaining
guests of the opposite sex in the bedrooms, it is suggested that the lobby be used for this purpose.‖
5) The story of our English language is typically one of the massive stealing from other languages. This is why English today has an estimated vocabulary of over one million words, while other major languages have far fewer.
6) French, for example, has only about 75,000 words, and that includes English expressions like snack bar and hit parade. The French, however, do not like borrowing foreign words because they think it corrupts their language. The government tries to outlaw words from English and passes decrees saying jumbo jet is not desirable; so they invent a word, gross porter. French kids are supposed to say balladeer instead of Walkman—but they don’t.
7) Walkman is fascinating because it isn’t even English. Strictly speaking, it was invented by the Japanese manufacturers who put two simple English words together to name their product. That doesn’t bother us, but it does bother the French. Such is the glorious messiness of English. That happy tolerance, that willingness to accept words from anywhere, explains the richness of English and why it has become, to a very real extent, the first truly global language.
8) How did the language of a small island off the coast of Europe become the language of the planet—more widely spoken and written than any other has ever been? The history of English is embedded in the first words a child learns about identity (I, me, you); possession (mine, yours); the body (eye, nose, mouth); size (tall, short); and necessities (food, water). These words all come from Old English or Anglo-Saxon English, the core of our Language. Usually short, crisp and direct, these are words we still use today for the things that rea lly matter to us.
9)Great speakers often use Old English to arouse our emotions. For example, during World War II, Winston Churchill made this speech, stirring the courage of his people against Hitler’s armies poised to cross the English Channel: ―We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender.‖
10) Virtually every one of those words came from Old English, except the last – surrender, which came from Norman French. Churchill could have said, ―We shall never give in,‖ but it is one of the lovely and powerful opportunities of English that a writer can mix, for effect, different words from different backgrounds. Y et there is something direct to the heart that
speaks to us from the earliest words in our languages.
11) When Julius Caesar invaded Britain in 55 BC, English did not exist. The Celts spoke languages that survive today as Welsh, Gaelic and Briton. Where those languages came from is still a mystery, but there is a theory.
12)Two centuries ago an English judge in India noticed that several words in Sanskrit closely resembled some words in Greek and Latin. For instance, the Sanskrit word for ―father,‖ pirate, was quite like the Lain words patter. A systematic study revealed that many modem languages descended from a common parent language, lost to us because nothing was written down.
13) Identifying similar words, linguists have come up with what they call an Indo-European parent language, spoken until 3500 to 2000 BC. These people had common words for snow, beech bee and wolf but no word for sea. So some scholars assume they lived somewhere in north-central Europe, where it was cold. Traveling east, some established the languages of India and Pakistan, and others drifted west toward the gentler climate of Europe. Some who made the earliest westward migration became known as the Celts, whom Caesar’s legion found in Britain.
IV.There are 10 incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D.
Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (1 point each, 10 points in total)
55. The article is from _________.
A. a history book
B. a speech
C. a book on language
D. a high school textbook
56. According to the article, English today has __________________.
A.an extremely large vocabulary
B. a larger vocabulary
C. a large new vocabulary
D. a smaller vocabulary
57. According to the article, French people ______________.
A.are encouraged to borrow foreign words
B.are discouraged to borrow English words
C.are free to borrow foreign words
D.are willing to borrow foreign words
58. The following statements are true EXCEPT_______________.
A.walkman isn’t English
B.walkman was invented by the Japanese manufacturers
C.walkman is a word of product
D.walkman is a very popular word
59. According to the article, the richness of English is resulted from ____________.
A.the hard working of many generations
B.the willingness to accept words from anywhere
C.the easy pronunciation
D.the support of the people of many countries
60. Winston Churchill’s speech stirred the courage of his people against Hitler’s armies
poised to cross the English Channel. The underlined word means ________.
A.ready
B.certain
C.willing
D.happy
61. Old English is also called _____________.
A.ancient English
B.Indo-European language
C.Roman language
D.Anglo-Saxon English
62. Winston Churchill used Old English in his speech during World War II because ______________.
A.Old English is the core of English.
B.he wanted to convince people
C.he wanted to save time
D.he wanted to arouse emotions
63. From the article we know that _________________.
A.English was spoken when Julius Caesar invaded Britain in 55 BC
B.English was born right after Julius Caesar invaded Britain
C.People spoke many different languages when Julius Caesar invaded Britain
D.None of the above.
64. The author’s tone is _____________.
A.negative
B.positive
C. a matter of fact
D.critical
V.There is one underlined part in each of the following sentences, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest in meaning to the underlined part and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (2 points each, 10 points in total)
65. But is we who were born to the language have so much trouble, think of the poor foreigners struggling in it.
A.it would be very difficult for those foreigners to learn the language
B.foreigners can never learn the language
C.poor foreigners can’t learn the language
D.rich foreigners can learn the language
66. For instance, the well-intentioned person who placed this sign in a Tokyo hotel: ― Y ou are
invited to take advantage of the chambermaid.‖
A.having good interest
B.having many intentions
C.having good intentions
D.having better intentions
67. The story of our English language is typically one of massive stealing from other
languages.
A.borrowing
B.lending
C.accepting
D.mixing
68. That happy tolerance, that willingness to accept words from anywhere, explains the
richness of English and why it has become, to a very real extent, the first truly global language.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0a15398967.html,nguage used by many countries
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0a15398967.html,nguage used worldwide
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0a15398967.html,nguage used in global business
D.all of the above
69. These words all come from Old English or Anglo-Saxon English, the core of our
language.
A.the center part
B.the most beautiful part
C.the most important part
D.none of the above.
VI.Translate the following into Chinese and write your translation on your Answer Sheet. (2 points each, 10 points in total)
70. If you are like most Americans, you probably do not think there is very much that is
funny about English.
71. The French, however, do not like borrowing foreign words because they think it
corrupts their language.
72. A systematic study revealed that many modem languages descended from a common
parent language, lost to us because nothing was written down.
73. So some scholars assume they lived somewhere in north-central Europe, where it was
cold.
84. Traveling east, some established the languages of India and Pakistan, and others drifted
west toward the gentler climate of Europe.
VII.Answer the following essay question in English with 80—100 words. Write your answer on your Answer Sheet. (10 points)
75. Why has English become the first truly global language?
参考答案:
IV. (1 point each, 10 points in total)
55. A C D 56. B C D
57. A C D 58. A B C
59. A C D 60. B C D
61. A B C 62. A B C
63. A B C 64. A B D
V. (2 points each, 10 points in total)
65. B C D 66. A B D
67. B C D 68. A C D
69. A B D
VI. (2 points each, 10 points in total)
70.如果你和大部分美国人一样，你就可能不会认为英语有很多可笑之处。
71.然而法国人不喜欢借用外国词汇，因为他们认为这样做会败坏他们的语言。
72.系统研究表明很多现代语言起源于一种共同的母语，这种母语由于没有文字记
载而失传。
73.因此一些学者假设他们生活在中北欧的某个地方，那里气候寒冷。
74.一些人向东迁移，创立了印度和巴基斯坦语言，其他人向欧洲西部气候比较温
和的地方移动。
VII. (10 points)
75.Why has English become the first truly global language?
试卷三:
Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding four items IV, V, VI and VII.
The Birth of Computing: The Forgotten Father Figure
1) It seems curious that Charles Babbage is remembered today as the grandfather of computing, for Babbage never completed a single one of his clunky mechanical calculating machines, and his work was largely forgotten after his death in 1871. It was only with the construction of the first electronic computers in the 1940s, by people who were unaware of Babbage's work, that the groundbreaking nature of that work became apparent. Had Babbage never lived, in other words, the rise of the computer would have happened anyway. That is because today's computers owe their ancestry not to Babbage but to the work of another 19th-century pioneer, Hermann Hollerith.
2) In contrast to Babbage, who wanted to automate the business of mathematical calculation, Hollerith was interested in the field of data processing. Babbage intended his elaborate
―calculating engines‖ to be used by scientis ts, in much the same way that specialist supercomputers are today. The particular application he had in mind was the production of error-free mathematical and astronomical tables. Hollerith, on the other hand, made his name building machines to handle an enormous data-processing task: the analysis of the results of the United States' census.
3) When the first American census took place in 1790, tabulating the data it collected took nine months. As the country's population grew larger, however, and the numb er of questions asked in each census increased, a problem of delay gradually emerged. The results of the 1880 census took seven years to compile asking them out of date by the time they were published.
4) This was unsatisfactory because, for example, seats in the House of Representatives were (and are) assigned according to census data. It became apparent that a new way would have to be found to compile the results of the 1890 census, in order to keep up with rapid demographic changes. Indeed, without a new approach the 1900 census would already have been under way by the time the 1890 results became available.
5) Hollerith, a former employee of the Census Bureau, had the idea of building a tabulating machine. His first design, patented in 1884, used a long strip of paper into which holes were punched to represent information. The record for each person was to be punched across the strip, which would then be run through the machines. Electrical contacts made through the holes in the strip would drive electro-mechanical counters. In this way the number of records matching particular criteria could be counted.
6) Before long, Hollerith improved this scheme, by using combinations of holes to represent more complex pieces of information. At the same time, he switched from a paper strip to punched cards. By clever wiring of the tabulating machine, it was possible to count the number of cards with particular combinations of attributes.
7) Hollerith also invented a sorting machine, to facilitate the tabulation of subsets of the population. When a card was inserted into the tabulating machines, the counters would be updated accordingly, and the appropriate drawer in the sorting machine would open.
8) When it came to choosing a tabulating machine for the 1890 census, Hollerith's design was one of three contenders. The other two machines used color-coded slips of paper and
chips of wood to represent information. In a competition between them it took 72 hours to record all the data on to Hollerith's punched cards, which was not vastly faster than the 144 hours and 100 hours taken by the other two machines.
9) The real advantage of Hollerith's system became clear, however, when it came to manipulating the stored data and compiling the results. Hollerith's machines took less than six hours; the other machines took 55 and 44 hours respectively. His design was chosen, and his machines compiled the results of the 1890 census in a mere six weeks, at a saving to the Census Bureau of $5 million in staff costs ten times more than expected.
10) This success enabled Hollerith to expand his Tabulating Machine Company into overseas markets. In 1911, the company merged with two others, and in 1924 the new firm changed its name to International Business Machine how better known as IBM. There is, in other words, a direct line from Hollerith's tabulating machines to mainframe computers and, in 1981, to the first IBM PC.
11) It is ironic that today's computer industry has its origins in a data-processing project carried out in 1890 that was completed on time and under budget. Modern computerisation Projects, in contrast, tend to have far more in common with Babbage's ill-fated attempt to build a mechanical computer, which cost a fortune and was eventually abandoned. Perhaps the fact that Hollerith is forgotten, While Babbage is remembered, should not be surprising at all.
IV. There are 10 incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on your answer sheet.(1 point each,10 points)
55. Babbage is regarded as the grandfather of computing because ___________.
A. today's computers have developed directly from his mechanic computer
B. his calculating machine was a mechanic one
C. today's computers share a lot more with his idea of computing
D. people were unaware of his work when the first electronic computers were
constructed in the 1940s
56. The forgotten father figure refers to Hollerith as __________.
A. a former employee of the American Census Bureau
B. the founder of IBM
C. the first designer of a calculating machine
D. the founder of modern computers
57. ―As the country\'s population grew larger, … a problem of delay gradually emerged.‖
Here ―a problem of delay‖ means ______________.
A. a problem of delay in starting the census
B. a problem of delay in starting to compile the census results
C. a problem of delay in bring about the census results
D. a problem of delay in finding a tabulating machine to compile the census results
58. ―…… seats i n the House of Representatives were (and are) assigned according to the
census data.‖ This sentence means that __________.
A. the seat of the House of Representatives was decided according to the census results
B. the number of chairs in the House of Representatives was decided according to the census results
C. the chairs in the House of Representatives was decided according to the census results
D. the chairs in the House of Representatives were arranged according to the census results
59. The primary purpose of Hollerith\'s design was _________.
A. to provide a quicker approach to compile the results of the 1890 census
B. to provide a new approach to reduce the staff costs of the 1890 census
C. to provide a quicker approach to determine seats in the House of Representatives
D. to provide a new approach to do mathematical calculation
60. Hollerith's data-processing project included the following except _________.
A. an electronic computer
B. a tabulating machine
C. an electro-mechanic counter
D. a sorting machine
61. Hollerith's tabulating machine ___________.
A. was completed on time but it cost more than previously estimated
B. was not completed on time though it cost less than previously estimated
C. was not completed on time and it cost more than previously estimated
D. was completed on time and it cost less than previously estimated
62. Hollerith's tabulating machine was chosen for the 1890 census mainly because of
_________.
A. its advantage in recording data
B. its advantage in saving staff costs
C. its advantage in processing stored data
D. its advantage in shape
63. The following statements are true except ___________.
A. the first IBM PC was projected in 1981
B. the results of the 1880 census was not published until 1887
C. the results of the 1890 census were compiled in six weeks
D. the first electronic computers were constructed in the 1900s
64. From the passage we can infer that ____________.
A. Hollerith was not only interested in invention but also in politics
B. Hollerith was not only good at invention but also at business
C. Hollerith did a good job not only as an employee of the Census Bureau but also as the
manager of his firm
D. Hollerith was merely luckier than ill-fated Babbage
V. There is one underlined part in each of the following sentences, followed by four choices A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest in meaning to the underlined part. (2 points each, 10 points)
65. Had Babbage never lived, … the rise of the com puter would have happened anyway.
A.Thanks to Babbage we have had the computer
B. Without Babbage we would still have had the computer.
C. Without Babbage we would not have had the computer.
D. After Babbage's death we had the computer.
66. The particular application he had in mind was the production of error-free mathematical and astronomical tables.
A. to manufacture accurate tables for mathematicians and astronomers
B. to use mathematical and astronomical tables free from error
C. to make tables for mathematicians and astronomers who were free from error
D. to work out accurate tables for use in mathematics and astronomy
67. Hollerith, on the other hand, made his name building machines…
A. made himself well known
B. gave himself a name
C. gave his machine a name
D. named himself well
68. In 1911, the company merged with two others,…
A. the company defeated two others
B. the company bought over two others
C. the company combined with two others
D. the company acquired two others
69. … which cost a fortune and was eventually abandoned.
A. which ended in failure with the loss of a good chance
B. which was given up at last as decided by fate
C. which resulted in the expense of a lot of money and was given up as an event
D. which resulted in the expense of a lot of money and was given up in the end
VI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write your translation on your answer sheet. (2 points each, 10 points)
70. Babbage intended his elaborate ―calculating engines‖ to be used by scientists, in much the same way specialist supercomputers are today. (in paragraph 2)
71. His first design, patented in 1884, used a long strip of paper into which holes were punched to represent information. (in paragraph 5)
72. At the same time, he switched from a strip to punched cards. (in paragraph 6)
73. The other two machines used color-coded slips of paper and chips of wood to represent information. (in paragraph 8)
74. This success enabled Hollerith to expand his Tabulating Machine Company into overseas markets. (in paragraph 10)
Ⅶ. Answer the following essay question in English within 80 – 100 words. Write your answer on you answer sheet. (10 points)
What have you learned about Hollerith's invention from the text?
参考答案:
IV. (1 point each, 10 points in total)
55C 56D 57C 58B 59A 60A 61D 62C 63A 64B
V.(2 points each, 10 points in total)
65B 66D 67A 68C 69D
VI. (2 points each, 10 points in total)
70. 拜倍格打算把他的精心设计的―计算机‖(用于计算的机器) 提供给科学家使用，使用方式差不多就象现在专家使用的超级计算机一样。
71. 他的第一次设计在1884年获得专利，是在一条长长的纸条上打孔来表达信息。
72. 同时，他从使用长纸条改为使用打孔的卡片。
73. 另外两台机器使用含有彩色代码的纸片和木片来表达信息。
74. 这一成功使赫勒瑞斯能够把他的制表机公司的业务扩展到海外市场。
VII. (10 points)
There are four points to the answer:
(1). What his invention was.(a tabulating machine)
(2). What led to the invention.(It took too long to compile the census results.)
(3). What advantages the invention had.(It recalled, manipulated and compiled census much faster.)
(4). How the invention served its purpose.(It compiled the census results in merely six weeks. It also saved $5 million in staff costs for the Census Bureau.)
试卷四:
Drivers in China
(1)I am in my mid-fifties, a senior citizen, living in Minnesota. Three summers ago, I left
my family of three and spent six months in Shanghai, China, on a teaching tour. Like all other tourists, the experiences were new, exciting and somewhat strange to me.
(2)Like all other tourists I brought home many souvenirs, some warm friendship and many
memories. Unlike the others, I also brought home some questions. I am still looking for answers to some of them. One of them is about Chinese driving habits.
(3)Chinese drivers, whether they be bus, taxi or truck drivers, have had to put up with
endless traffic jams and unruly bicyclists. They also have had another chore on the unbelievably crowded streets; the scene you can only appreciate by picturing yourself amongst a crowd in a state fair. They turn the engine on and off during stops on intersections or traffic jams. They turn lights off in the night at intersections as well as on brightly lit streets. Every time I was close to a driver in a vehicle, I could not help noticing the poor driver putting the extra work to himself. It drove me so crazy that I had to find out the reasons.
(4)But the answers they gave me were always the same: to save gas and to avoid traffic
accidents.
(5)Later, I was informed that several traffic accidents were caused by beaming lights that
blinded the bikers and pedestrians as well as drivers from the opposite direction. I was somewhat satisfied with that answer. One question lingered however: how many accidents have been caused by invisible cars because the lights were turned off? Between
the two evils which one is worse?
(6)I was not happy with the answer about gas saving. One day, I was traveling with my
colleague Mr. Liu. I told him I never turned off my engine during short stops because restarting not only was hard on the battery but also would cause wear and tear on the starter. Cutting the engine during stops really saved very little gas. Apparently amused by my observation, Mr. Liu relayed the question to the driver.
(7)―To save gas.‖ Click, the driver turned the engine off while answering. A few seconds
later, he turned the key to start on the green light. The old engine coughed and failed to catch fire until after several attempts.
(8)―Professor Smith here,‖Mr. Liu said t o the driver,‖ has driven at least 20 years in
America. He told me that to restart after a brief stop does not save much gas, and it is not good for the starter. It also wastes your battery power. ‖
(9)―I was told to do this in my driving classes.‖
(10)―Y our trainer could be wrong, you know,‖ said Mr. Liu. I guessed he was on my side
because of my 20 years of driving experience.
(11)W hy are Chinese drivers told to kill engines during short stops? What good does it do
to … anything? How long have they done this? Who or what started that notion? I left China the following year puzzled.
(12)I had my questions partially answered in Japan, where I visited Jack, on my way back to
the States.
(13)I n the evening on the third day of my visit, he drove me back to the hotel in his
Toyota(丰田车). I noticed the same curious maneuver that had bothered me in the streets of Shanghai.
(14)―Why do you turn the lights off every time you stop?‖ I decided to ask the easier
question first.
(15)―We have strict regulations on handling vehicles in Japan. The r egulation requires a
driver to turn lights off at the intersections so they will not blind drivers from the other direction,‖ he said. ―Now this practice has been accepted by the general population as a polite thing for a driver to do. A pedestrian will stop in front of your car and give you a disgusted stare if you leave lights on while stopping,‖ he added.
(16)―Why do you turn the engine off on red lights?‖ I continued with the second, more
controversial question.
(17)―Well…‖ It took him a while to put his thou ghts together and his words in proper places.
― I was told that it would preserve battery power. Y ou Americans are able to recharge batteries because you drive faster on freeways. Our driving speed hardly ever exceeds 35 miles per hour. ‖
(18)―That might be a good reason a few years ago, but batteries are made better now. Y ou
should not have to worry about running out of power,‖ I argued.I didn't want to debate with him over the issue. My understanding was quite the contrary. Starting an engine requires a power surge, hence more battery power.
(19)Y es, this must be where the notion had come from, Japan. The Japanese have almost
monopolized the entire automobile market in China. It is logic to assume that they would be the people to provide drivers' education. But where has that notion of fuel saving come from?
(20)―But they do it for different reasons. They told me they did it to save gas. ‖
(21)―… I wonder where have they got that idea from? It does not make sense…‖He started
to ponder. ―Even if it does conserve gas, the saving is so minute it is not worth the trouble. ‖
(22)―Y es…I wonder …‖I said. To this day I am still wondering.
Ⅳ. There are 10 incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. (10 points, 1 point each)
55. The writer brought home ____.
［A］a lot of gifts and memories and friendship
［B］a lot of questions as well as numerous gifts, souvenirs and friendship
［C］souvenirs, memories as well as some questions
［D］some warm friendship, gifts and memories
56. Chinese drivers have had to put up with endless traffic jams. They are _____.
［A］bus-drivers, truck-drivers and car drivers
［B］bus-drivers, taxi-drivers, truck-drivers but not car-drivers
［C］taxi-drivers, tractor-drivers and bus-drivers
［D］all drivers
57. ―…the scene you can appreciate by picturing yourself amongst a crowed in a state fair.‖Here ―you can appreciate‖ means____.
［A］you can understand
［B］you can enjoy
［C］you can entertain yourself with
［D］you can recognize
58. … I could not help noticing the poor driver putting the extra work to himself. This
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最新高中学业水平测试数学模拟试卷
精品文档 学业水平考试模拟卷数学 一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题3分，共36分.在每小题给出的四个选项 中，只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1. 设集合{|14},{|28},A x x B x x =≤≤=≤≤，则A B 等于（ ） A ． {|18}x x ≤≤ B ．{|24}x x ≤≤ C ．{|24}x x x ≤≥或 D. {|18}x x x ≤≥或 2. 2cos 3π 的值为（ ） A ．12- B ．1 2 C D ． 3. 函数()lg(2)f x x =+的定义域是( ) A ．),2[+∞ B ．),2(+∞ C ．(2,)-+∞ D ．[2,)-+∞ 4. 函数f (x )＝－x 3－3x ＋5的零点所在的大致区间是( ) A.(－2,0) B.(0,1) C.(1,2) D.(2,3) 5.设函数f (x )＝??? 1＋log 2(2－x )，x <1， 2x －1 ，x ≥1， 则f (－2)＋f (log 212)＝( ) A ．12 B ．9 C ．6 D ．3 6.要得到函数y ＝sin ? ? ???4x －π3的图象，只需将函数y ＝sin 4x 的图象( )
精品文档 A ．向左平移π 12个单位 B ．向右平移 π 12 个单位 C ．向左平移π 3 个单位 D ．向右平移 π 3 个单位 7.已知f (x )是偶函数，且在区间(0，＋∞)上是增函数，则f (－0.5)，f (－1)， f (0)的大小关系是( ) A. f (－0.5)＜f (0)＜f (1) B. f (－1)＜f (－0.5)＜f (0) C. f (0)＜f (－0.5)＜f (－1) D. f (－1)＜f (0)＜f (－0.5) 8.在面积为S 的△ABC 的边AB 上任取一点P ，则△PBC 的面积大于 S 4 的概率是( ) A.14 B. 34 C. 1 2 D.2 3 9.图中的直线l 1、l 2、l 3的斜率分别为k 1、k 2、k 3，则( ) A ．k 1 1、我的理想 每个人心中都有自己五彩缤纷的梦，都有自己的理想。我，也不例外。 我的理想是当一名老师。或许，你会说这个太普通了吧？但是，我不这样认为。我可以说是一个幸运儿。因为在我的成长历程中，遇到了太多太多优秀的老师。是他们坚定了我成为一名老师的理想，是他们坚定了我成为一名老师的信心。 每当看到老师辛勤地站在讲台上，给我们传授知识的时候；每当感受到老师在工作之余给我们的无微不至的关怀的时候；每当在学生迷茫时老师给予循循善诱的时候……我对老师的崇敬之情就更深一层。我认为老师这个行业是个圣洁、高尚的行业。老师，是辛勤的园丁，赋予了一代又一代的中华儿女智慧。我要成为一名不仅给学生传授知识，而且还要给学生传授做人的道理，并与学生交朋友的、可以和学生谈心的好老师。其实，没有一个职业能够超过教师，我认为只要我尽心关注、倾心投入，我将会进一步发现在教育职业中弥漫着的那种美，会看到每个学生都是一朵含苞待放的美丽的花朵。 而我，也会为了实现自己的理想而不懈奋斗！在大学这段美好的时光中，我会好好利用大学的丰富的学习资源，认真充实自己，锻炼自己，提升自己！为实现自己的理想作铺垫、打基础！ 2、我的学习生活 我的学习生活是多姿多彩的，它给我带来无穷的乐趣。 在课堂上的学习，是有老师跟我们一起进行的。课堂气氛非常活跃， 给我的学习生活增添了色彩。 除了课堂上的学习之外，在课外时间我的学习生活也是丰富多彩的，比如在宿舍，宿舍既是休息的地方，也是读书的好场所，尤其是午休前时间。每天吃完午饭，同室舍友一个个像变戏法般翻出各种各样的书来读，有图书馆借来的，有书屋租来的，有自己花钱买的，可谓来源之广。这些书中，有教人如何维护自尊的《简·爱》，有描述项羽夺权争霸的《西楚霸王》，有展现一代女皇风采的《武则天》……世界名著固然精彩，包罗万象的杂志也令人爱不释手，我们看属于自己的《女友》，看描写我们的《金色年华》。还看已经与我们擦肩而过的《少男少女》；心情不佳时去寻觅《知音》。与人交往受挫时找《做人与处世》，在《大众电影》中目睹心中偶像的风采，在《科幻世界》中创造未来。 一本好书在手，一切烦恼都抛于脑后，因为有书，午休看，晚睡也看，曾无数次打手电筒躲在被窝里看，甚至不惜冒险点起蜡烛也要看，经常因此而遭到宿舍检查人员三番五次的敲门警告。读了一本好书，总是希望有人与你分享。每天晚上的“卧谈”时间我们谈得最多的也是书。我们评中国四大名著的文学价值，论柯林斯的成名之作《白衣女人》，辩《黄埔将帅》，析《红与黑》在文学上的地位…… 连作品中的主人公也要评头论足一番；我们谈吴三桂、评林黛玉、薜宝钗、赞武则天，骂慈禧太后，我们各抒已见，侃侃而谈，神采飞扬。古语说：书中自有黄金屋，书中自有颜如玉。 但我们读书既不求黄金屋，也不为颜如玉，我们求的是知识，一种在 吉林省普通话水平测试试题（281） 一、读单音节字词（100个音节，共10分，限时3.5分钟） 发齿召胖骑拎挪蠢刹嗜 抄纲瞎饼挫屡薄日缫尚 芽鸣拽拒抹儿透藏爹凉 踹趣德骇着瞪苗琼快绢 符灾版横搅泳瑞玄瑟哀 谈牛铺髓群饿备干脓柳 服灌寻自肥黯肿厩出轮 尊辞黑陈绒免抓捆司岛 伸密否旷之告仁敌评托 黄乃叩封戒巷桂薜乐同 二、读多音节词语（100个音节，共20分，限时2.5分钟） 久远家禽悄然交融叙述弱点怀抱明白古代在哪儿 取舍夸耀嫩绿他人花生王国团体亏损灯笼耳垂儿 抢险烟卷顷刻铁路训练黄昏喜欢增长对比跑调儿 提防全身挫折虽说快乐罢工破裂派遣村庄粉末儿 被告敏感姊妹磁场扭转金丝猴爵士乐胸有成竹 三、朗读短文（400个音节，共30分，限时4分钟） 两个同龄的年轻人同时受雇于一家店铺，并且拿同样的薪水。 可是一段时间后，叫阿诺德的那个小伙子青云直上，而那个叫布鲁诺的小伙子却仍 在原地踏步。布鲁诺很不满意老板的不公正待遇。终于有一天他到老板那儿发牢骚了。 老板一边耐心地听着他的抱怨，一边在心里盘算着怎样向他解释清楚他和阿诺德之间的 差别。 “布鲁诺先生，”老板开口说话了，“您现在到集市上去一下，看看今天早上有什么 卖的。” 布鲁诺从集市上回来向老板汇报说，今早集市上只有一个农民拉了一车土豆在卖。 “有多少？”老板问。 布鲁诺赶快戴上帽子又跑到集上，然后回来告诉老板一共四十袋土豆。 “价格是多少？” 布鲁诺又第三次跑到集上问来了价格。 “好吧，”老板对他说，“现在请您坐到这把椅子上一句话也不要说，看看阿诺德怎 么说。” 阿诺德很快就从集市上回来了。向老板汇报说到现在为止只有一个农民在卖土豆，一 共四十口袋，价格是多少多少；土豆质量很不错，他带回来一个让老板看看。这个农民 一个钟头以后还会弄来几箱西红柿，据他看价格非常公道。昨天他们铺子的西红柿卖得 学业水平一 1. 韩非子说：“事在四方，要在中央；圣人执要，四方来效”，“（君主）独制四海之内”。下列制度中，最符合这一思想的是。 A. 禅让制 B. 分封制 C. 宗法制 D. 郡县制 【答案】D 【解析】由“要在中央”、“（君主）独制四海之内”可知，韩非子主张的是加强君主专制，A 项禅让制是依据能力和品德把首领之位让给别人，不符合君主专制的要求。B项分封制不利于中央集权。C项宗法制是按照血缘关系分配政治权力的制度，不符合题意，故选D项。 2. 假如唐朝政府要在长安城外开挖一条工程浩大的护城河，中央三省六部实施该工程的运作机制是。 A. 中书——门下——尚书——工部 B. 尚书——中书——门下——户部 C. 中书——门下——尚书——吏部 D. 门下——尚书——中书——工部 【答案】A 【解析】三省六部制的分工职能与运作机制是中书省草拟诏令、门下省审核封驳、尚书省执行、六部具体实施，工程兴修由工部实施，故A正确；尚书省负责执行，不是排在第一位，故B错误；吏部不负责工程兴修，故C错误；中书省应该在门下省、尚书省之前，故D错误。故选A。 3. 下图中的十二块铜牌陈列于罗马广场，详细列出了民法、刑法、诉讼程序等许多方面的内容。此举的历史意义在。 A. 应广大平民要求设立 B. 保障了平民利益，消除了平民与贵族的矛盾 C. 用文字明示法律规定，成为罗马法发展的里程碑 D. 作为罗马的基本法，标志着罗马法的成熟 【答案】C 【解析】材料所示为《十二铜表法》，它的颁布，标志着罗马成文法的产生，成为罗马法发展的里程碑。罗马法的成熟标志是查士丁尼法典。 4. 英国工业资产阶级获得更多参政权和选举权是通过。 A. 1688年“光荣革命” B. 1689年《权利法案》 C. 1832年议会改革 D. 19世纪中期的宪章运动 【答案】C 【解析】1688年“光荣革命”时期英国尚未发生工业革命，没有形成工业资产阶级，故A 错误；1689年《权利法案》确立君主立宪制，与工业资产阶级获得更多参政权和选举权无关，故B错误；随着工业革命的开展，工业资产阶级要求获得更多参政权和选举权，1832年议会改革实现这一要求，故C正确；19世纪中期的宪章运动是工人阶级运动，故D错误。故选C。 5. 国旗的变迁记载着历史。从下列中国国旗的演变最能体现的是。 A. 国家领土变化 B. 国家性质变化 C. 思想文化变化 D. 国际地位变化 【答案】B 【解析】材料图片分别反映了清王朝的龙旗、中华民国五色旗、南京国民政府青天白日旗、中华人民共和国五星红旗，这反映了中国由封建王朝转变为资产阶级共和国，最终建立人民民主专政的社会主义国家，体现了国家性质变化，故B正确；国家领土变化不属于本质变化， 2008学业水平测试模拟题(二)本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。第Ⅰ卷为第1至55题，第Ⅱ卷为第56至102题）。试卷总分140分，考试时间100分钟。 说明： 1、答卷前，考生务必将本人的姓名、考试证号、科目填在答题卡相应的位置上，同时在答题纸的密封线内也务必将本人的考试证号、姓名、准考证号、学校填写好，并在答题纸的右下角填写好座位号。 2、第Ⅰ卷上选择题答案必须填涂在答题卡上；在第Ⅰ卷上答题无效。 3、第II卷上非选择题答案必须填写在答题纸上；在第II卷上答题无效。 4、听力分两个部分，其中第一部分是选择题，在第Ⅰ卷上；第二部分是非选择题，在第II卷（第五项）。听力两个部分在听录音时一并完成。 5、考试结束，答题纸、答题卡和试卷一并上交。 第I卷（选择题70分） 一、听力第一部分（计20分） A. 情景应答，根据听到的内容选择正确答语（听一遍）。（共5小题；每小题1分，计5分） 1. A. I like swimming in sea. B. That’s a good idea! C. It’s sunny. 2. A. Never mind. B. Sorry to hear that. C. Look out! 3. A. Just a little. B. Tea, please. C. That would be fine. 4. A. A. Singing. B. Shopping. C. Basketball. 5. A. I had a tooth pulled out yesterday. B. I have just found my eye-glasses. C. My clothes don't look well, I think. 计算机辅助普通话水平测试第四题评分标准 （本评分细则由省评语委普通话培训测试中心负责解释）普通话水平测试的四个测试项中，前三项都有文本依托，第四项“命题说话”只提供话题，没有即成文本，说话内容由应试者自行组织。在人工测试环境中，测试员可以通过提示或引导，干预应试者的离题、背稿、说话时间不足等现象，在机测环境下，应试者得不到相应的提示、引导和干预，不规范应试现象增多或程度加重，针对上述新情况，机测命题说话的评分标准除保留《普通话小平测试大纲》规定的“语音标准程度”、“词汇语法规范程度”、“自然流畅程度”和“缺时扣分”4项外，新增了“朗读文本”、“无效语料”和“离题”3个扣分项。 计算机辅助测试第四评分细则如下： 一、目的：测查应试人员在无文字凭借的情况下说普通话的水平，重点测查语音标准程度、词汇语法远东程度和自然流畅程度。 二、要求：应试人从试卷给定的两个话题中选择一个，围绕话题用日常口语方式，说满3分钟。 三、评分标准 （一）语音标准程度，分六档： 一档：语音标准，无语音错误，不扣分；不成系统语音错误5个以内（含5个）扣1分；不成系统语音错误6－8个，肿2分。 二档：有方音但不明显，语音错误6个以内（含6个）扣3分；7－10个（含10个）扣4分。 三档：方音比较明显，语音错误6个以内（含6个）扣5分；7－10个（含10个）扣6分；有方音但不明显，语音错误11－13个（含13个），扣5分，14－16个（含16个），扣6分。 四档：方音比较明显，语音错误多，视程度扣7－8分 五档：方音明显，语音错误多，视程度扣9－11分 六档：方音浓重，语音错误多，视程度扣12－14分 （二）词汇语法规范程度，分三档： 一档：词汇、语法规范不扣分。 二档：词汇、语法偶有不规范1－2次扣1分，3次扣2分。 三档：词汇、语法规范屡有不规范4－5次扣3分，6次以上（含6次）扣4分。 （三）自然流畅程度，分三档： 一档：语文自然流畅不扣分。 二档：语文不太流畅，口语化较差，背诵自己事先的说话稿，视程度扣0.5－1分。 三档：语言不连贯，语调生硬，视程度扣2－3分。 普通话水平测试试卷 编号：I—20071232 一、读单音节字词。 竖慌拄外追严米奏许欠爬略宠侧乖运食放耍苗次瓶撬流蛙粮搔您子围女元精团选寸赏财嗓劣颇穗祖肥饼蹬贡跌敛根兑哲却窘浑均狠酥北宗仍鸥溺儿垦胸弱巢锅芽呆眸封榜坤逃恐蔫闯焦我修娘染砌池末屯傲塔家彼剩展霸栓曼尤沁摘 二、读多音节词语。 症状角色按照博得傻瓜熔点纳闷儿成就利落愉快天下贫穷自治区敏感 率领群体灭亡沉重手绢儿佛像稳妥 能耐健全学校包涵傀儡编纂昂贵 光泽牛顿通讯老头儿英勇人口打算 即日饭盒儿撇开富翁苍白信仰聪明 恰好标准化似乎纯粹分配独一无二 普通话测试试卷 编号：I—20071233 一、读单音节词语。 吹破怎篇蒜丢如洼瘤耍命杀墙仄匾庵疲咬若唇内抓倪讨穷掸勺添谨赋农二唬袋虚壤牙耿砸乖抬乙荤权爆寻袄册疮却您反团闭广骂戳快鳃凝陷稳略勤登锅此军愿咧志康具迭窘下膜烂挥北征想痕剖诚饼锥死究浴吃桶瞄舞溶灭抠陇防摧二、读多音节词语。 外科平行靠不住标准募捐专家麦子博爱小瓮儿配合村庄手法咖啡理解抽空儿坏人修改养活然而钢铁面临男女上层才能增长弹簧月亮划分 门槛儿雄伟亏损佛寺眼前群众觉得大多恰好基本功倒挂宣传唱歌儿扭曲时日裸体东欧岁数频率风起云涌 普通话水平测试试卷 编号：I—20071234 一、读单音节字词。 责纺云缕偏夏犊嫩扯渠黑噙消内损辈枫拐鞭瞧婶牛张很熔擦柔窝兰错龙越藕层踹居碗鸭谜窟至刷尘滚摸授捣辣听纵均晒表僧料双嘴坤耳愁柬川劝仰修驼坑脑牧蕊院嗓卦决贩水褐往氨磁尺雄摘祥鳖穷字德务准逆塘播频姓蹄篾匹窜伟二、读多音节词语。 温暖仍旧胚胎煤炭看法群众线轴儿高昂跳蚤撇开描写苍白女工世纪佛经分成主人翁遵循率领优良挨个儿 学业水平测试主观题专项训练《哲学生活》 试卷总分：330 答题时间：180分钟 参考答案： （10分）①物质决定意识，意识是物质的反映，要求一切从实际出发，主观必须符合客观。针对当前中小学生中出现的自我、冷漠、爱国主义观念淡薄等现象，需要加强爱国主义教育。（5分） ②意识能够反作用于客观事物，正确的意识促进客观事物的发展，错误的意识阻碍客观事物的发展，要求自觉树立正确的思想意识，克服错误的思想意识。《开学第一课》以爱国主义教育为主题有利于学生从身边小事做起，从爱小家到爱大家，从爱自己到爱他人，进而更深切地爱祖国、爱人民，帮助学生树立爱国主义意识；有利于克服自我、冷漠的观念，引导学生将爱国热情转化为每一天的具体行动，勤奋学习，积极向上，诚实守信，友爱互助，健康快乐成长。（5分） 参考答案： ①物质决定意识，要求我们一切从实际出发，实事求是,这是我们党制定和执行正确的路线、方针、政策的前提和依据。党中央根据经济形势变化的要求，作出相应决定，就是坚持一切从实际出发、实事求是的具体体现。（6分） ②意识具有能动作用，它不仅能够能动地认识世界，还能够能动地改造世界，因此，坚持一切从实际出发，实事求是，要把发挥主观能动性和尊重客观规律结合起来。党中央的这一举措，正确认识当前国际国内经济形势，充分尊重了客观经济规律，有利于促进我国经济又好又快发展。（6分） 参考答案： ①人能够能动地认识世界。意识活动具有目的性、计划性及主动创造性和自觉选择性。党和国家领导人亲临救灾第一线，研究制定周密的救援计划体现了这一点。（2分） ②人能够能动地改造世界，意识对改造客观世界具有指导作用（也可以答正确意识对事物发展有促进作用）。在周密的救援计划指导下，发挥万众一心、众志成城、不畏艰险、迎难而上、顽强拼搏的精神，取得抗灾救灾重大的阶段性胜利体现了这一点。（2分） 参考答案： （12分）①规律是客观的，它的存在和发生作用不依人的意志为转移，具有不可抗拒性。要求我们按客观规律办事，不能违背规律。北京火箭消云减雨作业，四次人工影响天气尊重了大气运动规律。（6分） ②人在规律面前不是无能为力的，人们能够发挥主观能动性认识和利用规律，为人类造福。在改造客观世界的过程中我们要把尊重客观规律和发挥主观能动性有机结合起来。北京人工减雨作业体现这一点。（6分） 2009年9月1日，被称为“史上最牛一堂课”的《开学第一课》在央视二套播出。面对当前中小学生中出现的自 我、冷漠、爱国主义观念淡薄等现象，《开学第一课》以爱国主义教育为主题，以“爱，让中国更美丽”为口号，教育学生爱国要从身边小事做起，从爱小家到爱大家，从爱自己到爱他人，进而更深切地爱祖国、爱人民。引导学生将爱国热情转化为每一天的具体行动，勤奋学习，积极向上，诚实守信，友爱互助，健康快乐成长。联系材料，运用唯物论的知识，说明《开学第一课》为什么以爱国主义教育为主题？[10分] 1.2008年以来，受国际国内因素影响，出口增幅下降，投资增速放缓，在拉动经济增长的“三驾马车”中，消费的 作用日益凸现。党中央提出，要促进经济增长由主要依靠投资、出口拉动向依靠消费、投资、出口协调拉动转变。 结合材料分析党中央提出要“促进经济增长由主要依靠投资、出口拉动向依靠消费、投资、出口协调拉动转变”的辩证的唯物论依据。[12分] 2.2008年5月12日，我国四川汶川地区发生了里氏8级地震。地震发生后，党和国家领导人第一时间赶赴灾区，指挥 研究制定救援计划，指导开展救援工作。全国各族人民用理想凝聚力量、用信念铸就坚强、用真情凝结关爱，万众一心、众志成城、不畏艰险、迎难而上、顽强拼搏，使抗震救灾工作取得了重大阶段性胜利。 分析说明上述材料是如何体现意识能动作用的？[4分] 3.建国60周年国庆阅兵之时，天安门上空晴空万里，蓝天白云清晰可见。为了这美好天气，北京市人工影响天气指 挥中心专家确定了火箭消云减雨作业方案，连续实施四次人工影响天气作业，确保了60周年国庆大阅兵的顺利进行。 请运用发挥主观能动性和尊重客观规律的辩证关系原理对上述材料进行分析。[12分] 4.材料l：随着地球生态环境恶化，自然灾害频发：全球气候变暖、飓风频频登陆、非洲洪水泛滥、美国南方龙卷风 5. 高二地理学业水平测试模拟题（一） 一．选择题。 读图，回答问题。 1.图甲能正确表达出的区域内涵是（ ） A ．区域具有一定的内在联系 B ．区域内部的特征相对一致 C ．区域可划分为下一级区域 D ．区域的边界是明确的 2.地处我国南北地理分界线上的淮安市于2008年8月正式开工建设南北地理分界线标志园，图乙为标志园内分界线标志物模型。该标志物应位于图甲中的（ ） A ．①处 B ．②处 C ．③处 D ．④处 1986年，中国邮政发行“中国民居”特种邮票一套，邮票上的这些民居建筑除了反映各地风俗外，还反映了当地地理环境的重要特征。读图完成下列题。 3.关于三邮票民居判断正确的是（ ） A ．①内蒙古民居②陕北民居③云南民居 B ．①云南民居②陕北民居③内蒙古民居 C ．①陕北民居②云南民居③内蒙古民居 D ．①陕北民居②内蒙古民居③云南民居 4．三地民居的特点反映了所在地区地理环境特点，下面关于三地民居与其所在地区气候特点对应关系的表述，正确的是( ) A ．①—温差较大，降水季节分配均匀 B ．②—夏季高温多雨，冬季寒冷干燥 C ．③—终年高温多雨 D ．②—湿热的气候 读“我国各地的土地生产潜力和最大可能人口密度估算的部分数据”，完成下列题。 5.造成两地区土地生产潜力差异的原因是（ ） ①光照②地形③土壤④热量 A ．①② B ．③④ C ．①③ D ．②④ 6.青藏地区环境承人口载力的特点是（ ） ①地域广大，资源丰富，环境人口承载力大 ②地处内陆，气候干旱，环境人口承载力小 ③地理环境“高、寒”，生态脆弱，环境人口承载力小 ④充分利用该地区丰富的太阳辐射能，可提高土地生产潜力和环境人口承载力 A ．①② B ．③④ C ．①③ D ．②④ 7.下列行为能较好体现“循环经济”的是( ) ①消费者选用具有环保标示的产品 ②城市垃圾焚烧发电、集中填埋 ③生产企业减少商品的过度包装 ④加强对产品生命周期的环境监督 A 、①②③ B 、②③④ C 、①③④ D 、①②④ 读我国西气东输二线管道初步走向示意图 8.二线工程的天然气主要从国外输入，下列国家或地区最可能成为主要气源地的是( ) A ．中亚 B ．俄罗斯 C ．西亚 D ．乌克兰 9.该工程建设对于东部沿海地区的环境意义是( ) A ．缓解能源紧缺 B ．改善水体质量 C ．促进减排降污 D ．保证能源安全 读图，完成1—3题。 10.制约图示区域城镇分布及城镇人口规模的主导因素是( ) A ．交通线分布及线路等级 B ．地表形态及土地面积 C ．热量条件及农作物产量 D ．水资源分布及数量 11.图示区域内，与古代相比，当代( ) A ．河流水量更大 B ．城镇向河流上游迁移 C ．交通线离山地更远 D ．山地森林覆盖率更低 12.图示区域城镇面临的主要环境问题是( ) A ．森林破坏 B ．土地荒漠化 C ．水土流失 D ．地面沉降 普通话水平测试试卷 编号：I-20071250 一、读单音节字词 追勺取虫遵献撑铁冰骇 丝泰糠盏赖洒需谎犊遣 您剧选持总芽烤雄搜辽 配蛮控昂桨刚客川贵窟 裹隋外硼鲤怀皿确抓缔 藕莫凡登穷膳驳有钓宝 闰鸟石恼万词卸翁惹挖 凑风儿闯延黑龄捐蔡养 麻索岳输则本云丈均窜 加雇戳揉篇粉捉柳倾幂 二、读多音节词语 任何沿用推算沉重未曾操作老爷 证明牛顿脸盘儿而且宾主决策窘迫 奇怪高潮群体笑容妨碍出发点滑动 安全痰盂儿社会佛教乡下频率快乐 循环妇女没准儿景观深厚稳妥公司 两口杂费笔尖谬误虐待被窝儿开辟 恰当刷新状况冤枉上班亏损值日 dec 普通话水平测试试卷 编号：I-20071249 一、读音节字词 丢臀垒渊尺身篷洽您诛 桥龚掩富耳边饷怀他绞 抓总叮渴孟胸寨蕊至草 破死晋吴警字舌啸髓迷 捡溃拎倦洪封铁沉睡诚 党爬搓循北运哀润筐瘸 欧放盒判钩入氖遭溶窜 丑押暖汉尼恩娘砖贼摸 蜡亡踹涛扮艘胆曰广疑 我刘翁渠篾门汽寡驴窘 二、读多音节词语 窗口贵姓在乎高跟儿鞋加强土匪 蒸发穷人唱歌儿婚姻下列包装袜子 海关谬论宣传作品鼻梁儿探索然而 懊丧佛典夸张词汇并用时日预测 男女喜庆搏击木头侦查文学外界 权力照片野生色彩黄豆痛快军队 面条儿吹牛晚上分配群众阻拦八仙桌 普通话水平测试试卷 编号：I-20071248 一、读音节字词 码瀑神特喘浓鸥独讲幸 熔下厅渠箭贼训德顺表 盆氧志膜妆圆耕虎搓袄 歪碳疯雄寡穷我四绺抻 你屯脸获裁党凿康自萍 捆稻花铝杀拂津管踹仿 而秆磷宗脖睁候捐纳挥 改云写前桂筛闰吹越彼 廓宾怯久贝拢涩椎镭吃 洒端牙眯惨飘却汪疼庙 二、读多音节词语 明年窘迫算账女婿群众爱国全部 伴随赔偿痛快亏损柔美体温心眼儿 佛经主人翁伤害小腿石子儿学术军阀 卫生吆喝从此侵略牛顿婴儿玩耍 拥戴大娘咱们创立成立给予逗乐儿 撇开浪费馒头挎包难怪乞讨恰好 工作日个别灯泡儿物价旋转荒谬测量 2017政治学业水平测试主观题答题模板 一、《经济生活》部分 1、涉及企业怎么办（或者给企业或生产者什么启示） ①制定正确的经营战略，。 ②提高自主创新能力，依靠技术进步、科学管理等手段，形成自己的竞争优势。 ③诚信经营，树立良好的信誉和企业形象。 ④树立科学发展观，遵法守法，承担社会责任 ⑤转变经济发展方式，推动产业结构优化升级 2、关于“加快转变经济发展方式”（供给侧结构改革）类 （1）政府如何推进： ①贯彻落实科学发展观，坚持全面协调可持续发展 ②加强宏观调控，处理好政府与市场关系 ③加快转变经济发展方式，推进经济结构战略性调整 ④实施创新驱动发展战略，走中国特色自主创新道路。 ⑤实施人才强国战略，实现人力资本的跨越 （2）从“加快转变经济发展方式”角度，说明XXX经济活动的意义 ①有利于推进经济结构战略性调整，实施创新驱动发展战略；坚持走中国特色新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化道路。 ②有利于全面促进资源节约和环境保护，形成节约资源和保护环境 ③有利于扩大内需，落实科学发展观。 2 / 11 3 / 11 政府鼓励创业方针。完善就业机制。 发展经济，增加就业岗位。 （2）劳动者：提高个人素质和技能，树立正确的择业观念（自主择业观、竞争就业观、职业平等观、多种方式就业观） （3）企业：主动承担社会责任；提高劳动报酬和福利待遇，制定适宜的用人标准。 7、如何实现社会公平（缩小收入差距）类 ①大力发展生产力，提高经济发展水平。 ②坚持和完善我国的分配制度。 ③增加居民收入，着重保护劳动所得，提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重、劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重，努力实现居民收入增长和经济发展同步、劳动报酬增长和劳动生产率提高同步。 ④再分配更加注重公平。 ⑤发挥财政促进社会公平、改善人民生活的保障作用。 8、维护市场秩序 （1）国家：加强宏观调控；完善市场规则，加大监管力度；加强社会诚信建设，加快建设以道德为支撑，以法律为保障的社会征信体系。 （2）企业：守法、诚信经营，遵守市场规则和市场道德，主动承担社会责任。 （3）消费者：学法尊法守法用法；用法律维护自己的合法权益；树立诚信观念，遵守市场道德。 二、《政治生活》部分 4 / 11 信息技术学业水平测试题（一） 一、单项选择题（15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 1、小X刚刚大学毕业，一天他在报纸上看到一个招聘信息，于是马上到招聘单位进行应聘，谁知道单位却跟他说招聘日期已过。这里体现了信息（） A、共享性 B、价值性 C、时效性 D、依附性 2、在WORD中不能处理的对象有（） A、视频 B、文字 C、图片 D、图表 3、某电子地址为sd163. -- 普通话水平测试模拟试题第一、第二题1 分钟，共十分100 个音节），限时3.5 一、读单音节字词（ 名品孙沸诸褐船翁槐旋 材森霞蜕女存耳嘹颇六 鹃恬抠陈香袄吃蝶偏叶 桑岳摔泳憋其返椿奈菌 瞄久活钦谭苇辙锹绕假 惕驱鼻锥跨江耘凶寓拧 滑葬砂漠荣愕死酪蠕血 冯唾埂驳爽佩肯冻疤攒 档篮美寨青缓沃藻擦症 守沟视锚闯瓷惯碘您空 分分钟，共20 二、读多音节词语（100 个音节），限时2.5 雅趣素养光辉灭亡乳母悬念 防止奇怪女儿瓦匠衰弱草包 饲料接待参军夏令瓜分服务员 里程拨款干活培训用心凶狂 旦角儿春天护士迫切地球争论 难受最后拔尖儿矮小明白热流 责备团长农学平稳赠送口哨儿 公元头发传说莫非无线电若无其事 三，朗读（作品一号） 2019-8-5 -- -- l ìzhēnɡshànɡyóu de y īzhǒnɡshùbǐzhíde ɡàn bǐzh íde zh īt āde ɡàn ne t ōnɡch ánɡ力争上游的一种树，笔直的干，笔直的枝。它的干呢，通常xi ànɡshìji āyǐr én ɡōnɡshìde yīzhànɡy ǐnèi ju éwúbànɡzhīìsh zhànɡbǎɡāo t āsuǒy ǒu 是丈把高，像是加以人工似的，一丈以内，绝无旁枝；它所有de y āzh īne y īl ǜxi ànɡshànɡér qi ěj ǐn j ǐn k ào l ǒnɡyěxi ànɡshìji āyǐr én ɡōnɡshìde 的桠枝呢，一律向上，而且紧紧靠拢，也像是加以人工似的，chénɡwèi yīshùju éwúhénɡxi éy ìchū 2020年湖南省普通高中学业水平考试数学试题（附解析） 一、单选题 1．如图所示的几何体是（ ） A ．圆锥 B ．棱锥 C ．圆台 D ．棱柱 2．已知向量()2,1a =，()11 b =-,，若(),2a b x +=，则x =（ ） A ．0 B ．1 C ．2 D ．3 3．圆C : x 2+y 2= 1的面积是（ ） A ．4π B ．2π C ．π D ．2π 4．盒子里装有大小相同的2个红球和1个白球，从中随机取出1个球，取到白球的概率是（ ） A ．13 B ．12 C ．23 D ．1 5．要得到函数y =1+sin x 的图象，只需将函数y =sin x 的图象（ ） A ．向上平移1个单位长度 B ．向下平移1个单位长度 C ．向右平移1个单位长度 D ．向左平移1个单位长度 6．已知数列{a n }满足a 1=1，a n +1=2a n ，则a 4=（ ） A ．4 B ．8 C ．16 D ．32 7．已知函数2,0(),0x x f x x x +≤??=?>?? ，若f (0)=a ，则f (a )=（ ） A ．4 B ．2 C ．2 D ．0 8．函数()2sin cos f x x x =的最小正周期是（ ） A ． 2π B ．π C ．2π D ．4π 9．用12cm 长的铁丝折成一个面积最大的矩形，则这个矩形的面积是（ ） A ．3cm 2 B ．6cm 2 C ．9cm 2 D ．12cm 2 10．已知定义在[3,3]-上的函数y =f (x )的图象如图所示.下述四个结论: ①函数y =f (x )的值域为[2,2]- ②函数y =f (x )的单调递减区间为[1,1]- ③函数y =f (x )仅有两个零点 ④存在实数a 满足()()0f a f a +-= 其中所有正确结论的编号是（ ） A ．①② B ．②③ C ．③④ D ．②④ 二、填空题 11．已知集合2{|1},{|}A x x B x x a ====，若A B ?，则a =______________. 12．某班视力近视的学生有15人，视力正常的学生有30人.为了解该班学生近视形成的原因，拟采用分层抽样的方法抽取部分学生，调查相关信息，则抽取的学生中视力近视与视力正常的人数之比为 _____________ 13．已知直线l 1:y =x ，l 2:y =kx .若l 1⊥l 2，则k =______________. 14．已知等差数列{a n }满足a 1=1，a 2=2，则{ a n }的前5项和S 5= __________. 15．已知角α的终边经过点(3，4)，则cos α=______________. 三、解答题 广东学业水平测试模拟 考试试题 TYYGROUP system office room 【TYYUA16H-TYY-TYYYUA8Q8- 学业水平测试模拟试题（一） 语文 姓名：_______________班级：_______________考号：_______________ （本卷共100分，时间120分钟） 一、语言基础知识运用。 阅读下文，完成1-3题（每题2分，共6分） 秋天，我们读着赵丽宏的《为你打开一扇门》，在文学的殿堂里徜徉。翻开《千家诗》，诗作中丰富的颜色给生活涂上了绚丽的色彩：“红紫芳菲”、“橙黄橘绿”、“白鹭上青天”，令人眼花缭乱，心□神怡；聆听于漪老师的谆谆教导 （）要多读书，读好书，才能感受文学潜移默化的力量，并通过自己的不懈努力，跻身世界名校哈佛……秋天，这是一个收获的季节。 1、文中“（）”处标点使用正确 ．．的一项是（）（2分） A.冒号 B.破折号 C.逗号 D.顿号 2、文中“□”处用字正确 ．．的一项是（）（2分） A.矿 B.旷 C.圹 D.扩 3、“谆．谆教．导”中加点字的注音正确 ．．的一项是（）（2分）ūn jiào B. zūn jiāo C. zhūn jiāo D. zūn jiào 4、依次填入下面一段文字横线处的词语，最恰当 ．．．的一项是（）（2分）在河边儿散步，忽然看到眼前有许多小亮点儿，那是萤火虫在，仿佛天空里的星星下凡。天越黑，它们越亮。萤火虫仨一群，俩一伙，忽前忽后，忽上忽下，飞的是那么，那么欢快，那么浪漫。很想用镜头留下它们的倩影，忽然见到有人要给它们拍照，萤火虫们却地隐身了，在镜头里再也看不到它们那娇小可爱的身姿。收起相机，它们马上现身，仍然在人们眼前着。 A.翩翩起舞轻松羞涩蹦跳 B. 翩翩起舞轻盈羞涩跳跃 C.载歌载舞轻盈羞愧跳跃 D. 载歌载舞轻松羞涩蹦跳 5、下列各句加点的成语使用正确 ．．的一项是（）（2分） A、危难之时，绿色的迷彩撑起了生命的希望，人民解放军无愧为共和国的中流 ．． 砥柱 ．．。 B、在雷鸣般的掌声与欢呼中，李睿同学首当其冲 ．．．．，率先冲到终点，为我班赢得了荣誉。 C、不管走到哪里，她总是穿金戴银，珠圆玉润 ．．．．一身珠光宝气，令人感到十分庸俗。 D、你应该与朋友合作搞这个新课题，要知道三人成虎 ．．．．，众志成城。 6、下列语句没有 ．．病句的一项是（） A.通过防治非典的斗争，公众对滥吃野生动物的危害性有了深刻的提高。 B.“五一期间，我校全体初三学生基本全都没有休息，在家认真复习。 C.通过紧张的期末复习，使我们各科成绩都有了提高。 国家普通话水平测试试卷 编号：I-20071204一、读单音节字词（100个音节，共10分，限时3.5分钟） 果泛宽淌丢子篇察披囚 胞则诉睁敛黑踹导厘广 枪运拴裂说脓吼姬附肠 脂辣弓洒盒滥歪退穴篾 条再元滨选耗熏爬曰鸟 投景随奉存懂笙用诊词 胀牙丙柔洽艇热穷女箭 酸持惧闯彭内乳浙摸黯 稳铭浦舜鸥窃心垮曹袜 啃蝶波囊餐耳白讲跟险 二、读多音节词语（100个音节，共20分，限时2.5分钟） 窘迫给以战略昂然分别祖宗凉爽 撇开画家走访因而身边拐弯儿下游 看法哥们儿篡改圈套群体效率思维 虐待英雄牛顿冲刷大伙儿今日流传 轻快多么奥秘亏损状况军事太阳能 面前谬误灯泡儿从此扫帚贯彻土匪 商标戏曲佛像主人翁同伴收回厌倦 编号：I-20071204三、朗读短文（400个音节，共30分，限时4分钟） 纯朴的家乡村边有一条河，曲曲弯弯，河中架一弯石桥，弓样的小桥横跨两岸。 每天，不管是鸡鸣晓月，日丽中天，还是月华泻地，小桥都印下串串足迹，洒落串串汗珠。那是乡亲为了追求多棱的希望，兑现美好的遐想。弯弯小桥， 不时荡过轻吟低唱，不时露出舒心的笑容。 因而，我稚小的心灵，曾将心声献给小桥：你是一弯银色的新月，给人间普照光辉；你是一把闪亮的镰刀，割刈着欢笑的花果；你是一根晃悠悠的扁担， 挑起了彩色的明天!哦，小桥走进我的梦中。 我在飘泊他乡的岁月，心中总涌动着故乡的河水，梦中总看到弓样的小桥。 当我访南疆探北国，眼帘闯进座座雄伟的长桥时，我的梦变得丰满了，增添了 赤橙黄绿青蓝紫。 三十多年过去，我带着满头霜花回到故乡，第一紧要的便是去看望小桥。 啊!小桥呢？它躲起来了？河中一道长虹，浴着朝霞熠熠闪光。哦，雄浑的大桥敞开胸怀，汽车的呼啸、摩托的笛音、自行车的叮铃，合奏着进行交响 乐；南来的钢筋、花布，北往的柑橙、家禽，绘出交流欢悦图…… 啊!蜕变的桥，传递了家乡进步的消息，透露了家乡富裕的声音。时代的春风，美好的追求，我蓦地记起儿时唱…… 四、命题说话（请在下列话题中任选一个，共30分，限时3分钟） 1.我的学习生活 2.我喜欢的节日 全国普通话等级考试试题 一、读单音节字词100个?? 铡zhá白bái 杀shā鹤hè痣zhì舌shé逮dài 若ruò池chí筛shāi 得dé字zì给gěi 二èr 鳃sāi 棉mián 宰zǎi 拣jiǎn 凹āo 淋lín 槽cáo 品pǐn 朝zhāo 腔qiāng 挠náo 巷xiàng 泡pào 柄bǐng 藕ǒu 另lìng 邹zōu 氢qīng 轴zhóu 腹fù岸àn 努nǔ榄lǎn 筑zhù瘫tān 哭kū判pàn 粗cū忍rěn 藏cáng 午wǔ缸gāng 震zhèn 纺fǎng 挂guà忙máng 耍shuǎ憎zēng 祸huò乘chéng 索suǒ正zhèng 踹chuài 缝féng 坏huài 梦mèng 隋suí戏xì褪tùn 溺nì霞xiá款kuǎn 颊jiá环huán 掖yè蒜suàn 谢xiè弯wān 爹diē舜shùn 飘piāo 损sǔn 表biǎo 闯chuǎng 修xiū撞zhuàng 玖jiǔ童tóng 约yuē胸xiōng 劝quàn 孔kǒng 徐xú绒róng 俊jùn 翁wēng 略lüè宋sòng 群qún 掘jué总zǒng 荀xúｎ穷qióng 旅lǚ婶shěn 卷juàn 二、读双音节字词50个 把手美妙盆地逆流铁道强盛凝níng结快速轮廓居然酗酒略微穷苦捐献雄壮法郎配合号 召约会北面反映一下儿运动放心更加小孩儿普遍亲戚抓紧有点儿讲座推广问题群众原料荣 辱闯荡酸楚琐碎串供催促婶婶揣测耍弄惨败傻眼死扣儿崽子使馆早产 三、朗读 雨声渐渐地住了, 窗帘后隐隐地透进清光来。推开窗户一看, 呀! 凉云散了, 树叶上的残滴, 映着月儿, 好似萤光千点, 闪闪烁烁地动着。——真没想到苦雨孤灯之后, 会有这么一幅清美的图画! 凭窗站了一会儿, 微微地觉着凉意浸人。转过身来, 忽然眼花缭乱, 屋子里的别的东西,都隐在光云里, 一片幽辉, 只浸着墙上画中的安琪儿。——这白衣的安琪儿, 抱着花儿, 扬着翅儿, 向着我微微地笑。“这笑容仿佛在哪里看见过似的, 什么时候, 我曾……”我不知不觉地便坐在窗下想,——默默地想。严闭的心幕, 慢慢地拉开了, 涌出五年前的一个印象。——一条很长的古道。驴脚下的泥，兀自滑滑的。田沟里的水, 潺潺地流着。近村的绿树都笼在湿烟里。弓儿似的新月, 挂在树梢。一边走着, 似乎道旁有一个孩子, 抱着一堆灿白的东西。驴儿过去了,无意中回头一看。——他抱着花, 赤着脚儿, 向着我微 微地笑。“这笑容又仿佛是哪儿见过似的”, 我仍是想——默默地想。又现出一重心幕来, 也慢慢地地拉开了, 涌出十年前的一个印象。——茅檐下的雨水, 一滴一滴地落到衣上来。 土阶边的水泡儿, 泛来泛去地乱转。门前的麦垄和葡萄架子, 都灌得新黄嫩绿地非常鲜丽。( 节选冰心《笑》) 四、说话( 任选一个题目说3-4 分钟) 1. 对" 假日经济" 的看法 2. 我的读书生活 我的读书生活 说话( 任选一个题目说3-4 分钟) 1. 对" 假日经济" 的看法 2. 我的读书生活 我的读书生活 我的学习生活是多姿多彩的，它给我带来无穷的乐趣。 在课堂上的学习，是有老师跟我们一起进行的。课堂气氛非常活跃，给我的学习生活增 添了色彩。 除了课堂上的学习之外，在课外时间我的学习生活也是丰富多彩的，比如在宿舍，宿舍既是休息的地方，也是读书的好场所，尤其是午休前时间。每天吃完午饭，同室舍友一个个 像变戏法般翻出各种各样的书来读，有图书馆借来的，有书屋租来的，有自己花钱买的，可 谓来源之广。这些书中，有教人如何维护自尊的《简·爱》，有描述项羽夺权争霸的《西楚 霸王》，有展现一代女皇风采的《武则天》......世界名着固然精彩，包罗万象的杂志也令 人爱不释手，我们看属于自己的《女友》，看描写我们的《金色年华》。还看已经与我们擦 肩而过的《少男少女》;心情不佳时去寻觅《知音》。与人交往受挫时找《做人与处世》，普通话等级考试第四题说话题范文
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