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2000年专四真题单选与答案详解

2000 年

41.Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people___.

A. do

B. hear

C. do them

D. hearing it

答案： A【参考译文】敏锐的听觉使多数动物能远在人之前感觉到雷雨的来临。

【试题分析】本题为语法题，考句子成份的省略与替代。【详细解答】“ Acute hearing helps”是主句和before 引导的从句具有相同的主语和谓语，从句中省略了该相同部分，

用助动词do 代替了与主句重复的信息“sense the approach of thunderstorms ．”故答案为选项 A。

42.This is an illness that can result in total blindness ___

left untreated.

A. after

B. if

C. since

D. unless

答案： B【参考译文】这种病如果不加以治疗，患者会完全失明。【试题分析】本题为语法题，考查连词的用法。【详细解答】after 和 since 都是引导时间

状语从句， since 还可作“因为”讲，引导原因状语从句。if“如果”和unless“除非”都可以引导条件状语从句。但if 后接过去分词短语，省略的成分为主语+系动词，该主语只有与主句的主语相同才可省略。根据句意和句子结构，选项 B 为正确答案。43.The central provinces have floods in some years, and ___.

A. drought in others

B. droughts are others

C. while other droughts

D. others in drought

答案： A【参考译文】中部省份在有些年份会遭水灾，在另一些年份会遭旱

灾。【试题分析】本题为语法结构题。【详细解答】这是一个并列句，句中and 是并列连词，它后面连接的内容与前面的“floods in some years ”是并列成份，要求结构相同。 drought in others 中 others 指代 years。故选项 A 为正确答案。

44. Do help yourself to some fruit,___ you?

A. can’t

B. don’t

C. wouldn’t

D. won’ t

答案： D【参考译文】吃点水果，好吗?【试题分析】本题为语法题，考查

对附加疑问句的掌握。【详细解答】本句是一个由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加

疑问句，这种附加疑问部分通常用won ’t you表示一种征询意见的语气，因此答案选D。

45. There___ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.

A. to be

B. to have been

C. being

D. be

答案： C【参考译文】由于没有更多的东西可讨论，会议提前半小时结束了。

【试题分析】本题为语法题，考查对独立主格结构的掌握。【详细解答】本句中的There being nothing more for discussion为独立主格结构，表示原因。

46. My mother can ’ t get ___ because she has rheumatism风(湿病 ).

A. about

B. on

C. through

D. in

答案：A【参考译文】我母亲因患有风湿病而不能走动。【试题分析】

本题为动词短语词义辨析题。【详细解答】get about表示“ (尤指病后)走动，往来各处， (消息、谣言等)传开”；get on表示“进展；相处；上车；继续干”等；get through 表示“(使) 了解；熬过；干完工作”；get in表示“到达；收获” 。根据句意，选项 A 为正确答案。

47.I was very much put ___ by Mark’s rude behavior; it really annoyed me.

A. over

B. off

C. up

D. by

答案： B【参考译文】我对马克的粗鲁举止很反感，他太让我气恼了。【试题分析】本题为动词短语词义辨析题。【详细解答】put over表示“使被理解，传达 ,,

的意义，(尤指用欺骗手段)做成”等； put off表示“推迟；关掉；使厌恶”等； put up 表示“抬起，把,,拿出来出售( 拍卖等 ) ，张贴，提出(请愿、建议、问题等) ”； put by 表示“继续，储存，抛弃，回避”等。根据句意，选项 B 为正确答案。

48. You ___ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.

A. needn C. mustn ’ t have told’

t have told

B. needn

D. mustn

’ t tell

答案： A【参考译文】你本来不必将这件事告诉杰姆的，这与他无关。【试题分析】本题为为语法题，考查对情态动词及虚拟语气的掌握。【详细解答】needn’

t have+过去分词，表示对过去的否定性猜测，为虚拟语气，表示“本来没必要做某事却

做了”。

49.All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if

there___ quite such a crowd of people there.

A. weren ’t

B. hasn ’eentb

C. hadn ’ t been

D. wouldn ’ t be

答案：C【参考译文】要不是那儿人太多，我们就会在聚会上玩得更尽兴。【试题分析】本题为语法题，考查对虚拟语气的掌握。【详细解答】由主句中的would have done 可知，这里表示的是与过去相反的事实，那么从句中相应地使用had done。50. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff ___ quality control can be substantially reduced. A. whose B. as C. what D. that

答案： D【参考译文】使用计算机的公司发现，可以大幅度裁减质量控制人

员的数量。【试题分析】本题为语法题，考查关系词的用法。【详细解答】此处

要求关系词引导定语从句，限定中心词“the number of stuff ”，同时这个词还要在从句中

作主语，用来指人，故只有选项 D 为正确答案。

51. ___ at in this way, the present economic situation do esn ’ t seem so gloomy.

A. Looking

B. Looked

C. Having looked

D. To look

答案： B【参考译文】这样看来，目前的经济形势似乎并不暗淡。【试题分析】本题为语法题，考查分词的用法。【详细解答】本题是分词作状语，因为

主语 the present economic situation 为 look 的逻辑宾语，所以要用过去分词表示被动。

52.Many people are ___ to insect bites, and some even have to go to hospital.

A. insensitive

B. allergic

C. sensible

D. infected

答案： B【参考译文】许多人对虫子叮咬过敏，有一些人甚至必须去医院就诊。【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。【详细解答】insensitive意为“反应迟钝的，不灵敏的” ； B 项 allergic （[??l ?d ??k]）意为“过敏的” ，常用于 be allergic to 结构，

意为“对 ,, 过敏”；sensible意为“明智的；察觉的”，常用于be sensible of结构；infect 意为“传染，感染”，不与介词t o 连用。根据句意和句子结构，选项B为正确答案。sensitive 敏感的，易生气的;易担忧的，过敏的。

53. When you ’ redriving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right ___.

A. way

B. track

C. road

D. lane

答案： D【参考译文】在高速公路上开车时必须遵循车道标志。【试题分析】本题为名词词义辨析题。【详细解答】way指的是为了到达某个地点而要经过

的地方，比较笼统、抽象；track指“不平坦的小路” ，还可以指铁轨，比赛的跑道等；road 指“大道，公路” ，通行的道路；lane 指的是“公路上用黄线或白线划开的车道”。

54.The motorist had to ___to avoid knocking the old woman down in the middle of the road.

A. swerve

B. twist

C. depart

D. swing

答案：A【参考译文】为了避免撞倒那位老太太，那个驾车者不得不在道路

中央突然将车转向一边。【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。【详细解答】swerve 意为“(车突然地)转向一边”； twist意为“使转动；扭曲，曲折地走”； depart意为“离开；启程”； swing意为“摆动，挥动” 。根据句意和句子结构，选项 A 为正确答案。

55. In winter drivers have trouble stopping their cars from

___ on icy roads.

A. skating

B. skidding

C. sliding

D. slipping

答案：B【参考译文】在冬天，司机很难避免汽车在结了冰的路面上打滑。【试

题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。【详细解答】 skate 表示“(在冰面上 )滑行”、“溜 (冰) ”’一股指滑冰运动；skid 表示“ (人、车等行进时因路面滑而向一侧)打滑，滑倒” ； slide

表示“ (在冰、滑梯、跑道等上)滑行，滑动；滑落” ； slip 表示“失脚，滑跤” ，常指由

于不小心、路滑等而滑倒。根据句意，此处指“车轮的打滑”。

56.This project would ___ a huge increase in defense spending.

A. result

B. assure

C. entail

D. accomplish

答案： C【参考译文】该计划需要大大增加防卫开支。【试题分析】本题为

动词词义及用法辨析题。【详细解答】result 为不及物动词，常与in 连用表结果，

result in 意为“造成；导致”；assure 意为“使确信，使放心”； entail 意为“使成为必要；

需要”； accomplish 意为“完成；实现”。根据句意，选项 C 为正确答案。

57.The chances of a repetition of these unfortunate events are ___ indeed.

A. distant

B. slim

C. unlikely

D. narrow

答案： B【参考译文】再发生这些不幸事件的可能性很小。【试题分析】

本题为形容词词义辨析题。【详细解答】distant 意为“遥远的；远离的；疏远的”； slim

意为“ (指希望、可能性等)微小的；渺茫的” ； unlikely 意为“未必有的；未必可能的”

narrow 意为“狭的；狭窄的”。这里是说“发生某事的可能性”，故选项 B 为正确答案。

58. We should make a clear ___ between’ competent’and ’ proficient’ for osesthepurpofour discussion.

A. separation

B. division

C. distinction

D. difference

答案： C【参考译文】为了讨论起见，我们应该明确区分competent(能干的 )

和 proficient( 精通的 )。【试题分析】本题为名词词义辨析题。【详细解答】separation 意为“分开，裂开”；division意为“分开；分配”；division意为“分割，切分”；difference 意为“差异”。在这四个选项中，只有division 可与 make 搭配， make a clear distinction

意为“清楚地区分 ,, ”，故为正确答案。

59.In the present economic ___ we can make even greater progress than previously.

A. air

B. mood

C. area

D. climate

答案： D【参考译文】在目前经济环境下，我们可以取得比以往更大的进步。

【试题分析】本题为名词词义辨析题。【详细解答】air 常用作“空气” ，也可指“气氛”；mood 意为“心情，心境” ；area 意为“地区；范围” ； climate 意为“气候” ，既可指自然“气候” ，也可比喻“政治气候” ，“经济气候”等。本句是指“经济环境” ，因此答案为D。

60.Rite of Passage is a good novel by any standards;___, it should rank high on any list of science fiction.

A. consistently

B. consequently

C. invariably

D. fortunately

答案： B【参考译文】无论参照什么标准，Rite of Passage都是一部好小说。因此，它应在任何科幻小说名录上名列前茅。【试题分析】本题为副词词义辨析题。【详细解答】 consistently 意为“一贯的，一致的”；consequently意为“因此，所以” ；invariably 意为“不变的，永恒的”；fortunately意为“幸运的，好运的”。根据句意，选项 B 为正确答案。

61.The diversity of tropical plants in the region represents a seemingly___ source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.

A. exploited

B. controversial

C. inexhaustible

D. remarkable

答案： C【参考译文】该地区热带植物多种多样，这说明这里有取之不尽的原

材料，而只有一点点被利用的。【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。【详细解答】 exploited 意为“被开发的”；controversial 意为“引起争论的，有争议的”；inexhaustible 意为“用不完的，无穷无尽的”；remarkable意为“异常的，非凡的” ，根据

句意，选项 C 为正确答案。

62. While he was in Beijing, he spent all his time ___ some important museums and buildings.

A. visiting

B. traveling

C. watching

D. touring

答案： A【参考译文】他在北京期间把所有时间都用来参观一些重要的博物馆和

建筑。【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。【详细解答】visit表示“参观(景点、

人物等 )”； travel 表示“旅行” ；watch 表示“观看 ( 活动、比赛等 )”； tour 表示“在 ,,

旅行，参观 (地点 )”。

63.You must let me have the annual report without ___ by ten o ’ockcl tomorrow morning.

A. failure

B. hesitation

C. trouble

D. fail

答案： D【参考译文】你务必在明天十点前将年度报告交到我手上。【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。【详细解答】 without fail 为固定短语，意为“务必，必定” 。 without hesitation 意为“毫不犹豫

64. As the director can ’ tcome to the reception, I ’ m representing the company.

A. on his account

B. on his behalf

C. for his part

D. in his interest

答案： B【参考译文】由于主管不能来参加这个接待会，我以他的身份来担任

本公司的代表。【试题分析】本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。【详细解答】on one’s behalf 是固定搭配，意为“代表某人”。

65. Dreams are___ in themselves, but when combined with

other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer.

A. uninformative

B. startling

C. harmless

D. uncontrollable

答案： A【参考译文】梦本身并不提供什么信息，但若结合其他数据，却能大大地

帮助我们了解梦者。【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。【详细解答】uninformative 意为“不提供资料的” ; startling 意为“吃惊的” ; harmless 意为“无害的” ; uncontrollable 意为“不可控制的”。根据句意，选项 A 为正确答案。

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