2019高考英语词汇15练习含解析

2019高考英语词汇15练习含解析

复习：1、核心单词2、重点短语3、写作句式4、我读我练（词汇应用、句式仿写）

【单句单词语法填空】

1． The children dressed ______ long wool coats stopped to look at us.

答案：in 句意为：穿着长羊毛外套的孩子们停下来看着我们。be dressed in意为“穿着……”，为固定搭配。

2．(2015·福建厦门双十中学检测改编)The desire for

self-improvement has led many Chinese students to pursue educational opportunities ________ physical classrooms.

答案：beyond 句意为：自我完善的愿望促使许多中国学生去追求超越实体课堂教育的机会。beyond意为“超出……”。

3．(2015·山东菏泽联考改编)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ color.

答案：in 句意为：由于有了这项新的科技，水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。in color意为“彩色的”，符合句意。

4．(2015·江苏南通中学改编)She works well with those who are superior ________ her in the company.

答案：to 句意为：她与公司那些职务高于她的人相处得很好。be superior to意为“优于……；高于……”，为固定短语。

5．(2015·江苏盐城调研改编)________ the Hong Kong singer's current popularity, she was largely unknown in Chinese mainland before the talent show.

答案：Despite 句意为：虽然这个香港歌手现在很受欢迎，但是在才艺秀之前她在内地还不为人知。despite意为“虽然”，符合句意。

核心单词

1.incident n. 事件；事变

2.increase n. 增加；增长；提高

vt.& vi. 增加；增长

3.independent adj. 独立的；单独的；自主的

4.individual adj. 单独的，个别的；独特的

n. 个人(体)

5.industry n. 工业，产业

6.influence n.& vt. 影响

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0a12384380.html,rm vt. 通知，告知

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0a12384380.html,rmation n. 信息

9.initial adj. 开始的，最初的

10.innocent adj. 清白的；无辜的；无罪的；天真的；幼稚的

11.inspect vt. 检查；视察；检阅

vi. 进行检查；进行视察

12.inspire vt. 鼓舞，激励，激起，唤起

13.instant adj. 立即的；立刻的；紧迫的；速食的；即食的

14.instruction n.(pl.) 指示；命令；用法说明；操作指南；[U]教育，指导

15.instrument n. 乐器；工具，器械

16.insure vt. 给……投保

17.intelligence n. 智力，才智，智慧

18.intention n. 打算，计划，意图

19.interest n. 兴趣，趣味；利息

20.interrupt vt.& vi. 打断(讲话或讲话的人)；打扰

21.interval n. 间歇；间隔

22.interview n. 会见，采访，面试

vt. 采访，面试，接见

23.introduction n. 引进，介绍

24.invention n. 发明，创造

25.invitation n. 邀请，请帖

重点短语

1.have/gain an advantage over 有超出……的优势take (full) advantage of (充分)利用

to one’s advantage/to the advantage of sb 对某人有利

2.hold one’s breath屏住气；屏息

take a deep breath＝breathe deeply 深呼吸

lose one’s breath 喘不过气来

catch one’s breath 喘口气；歇口气；恢复正常呼吸

【阅读理解】

A new “smart bin” could mean the end of

environment-conscious families spending hours sorting tins, cartons, bottles, and cardboard for recycling.

The invention, which can help sort rubbish into recycling categories without needing people to operate. It is being trialed in Poland and is set to go on sale in UK within a few years.

The bin, designed by start-up company Bin.E, recognizes different type of waste via a system positioned inside the bin which uses sensors, image recognition and artificial intelligence. Once waste is placed inside, the camera and sensor identify its type and place it in one of the smaller bins. Then it compresses the waste so it occupies less space.

It is thought that the bin could be stocked by department stores such as John Lewis, which said it is introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins. Matt Thomas, a buyer at John Lewis, gave us the reason, “We’ve recently seen a jump in specialist bins sales, with a 25 percent increase in the last few months alone.

We have noticed our customers are becoming more and more focused on sustainability. In response to this demand, we are really excited to introduce a smart bin this autumn/winter

season-designed to make recycling more efficient and functional for the everyday home."

Bin. E’s official release on the market will take place in 2018. However, at first only a larger version designed for offices will be available. The office bin will sell at ￡ 430 while customers will need to pay a ￡ 107 subscription fee for an accompanying smartphone app, which hooks them up with collection services. A spokesman at Bin. E said that home version of the bin will be cheaper and will not include a monthly payment.

They added: “After the office version, we plan to create an outdoor version and later the home version. We decided to go for the outdoor version for public areas first because it is more difficult to organize an efficient waste segregating system than in our homes.”

1.What do we know about about a new “smart bin” from the first paragraph?

A. It works automatically.

B. It has been used widely.

C. It is easy to operate.

D. It is very expensive.

2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. The waste.

B. The camera.

C. The bin.

D. The sensor.

3.Why is John Lewis introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins?

A. To change peop le’s behaviour,

B. To satisfy increasing demands.

C. To popularize new technology.

D. To make them more famous.

4.Where will the first version of new “smart bin” be used according to Bin. E’s official?

A. At home.

B. In the supermarket.

C. In the open air.

D. In the office.

【文章大意】本文介绍了一款可以智能分类垃圾的“智能垃圾箱”。并对它的设计，市场应用进行了介绍。

2.C 【解析】词义猜测题。根据上段The invention, which can help

sort rubbish into recycling categories without needing

people to operate这项发明可以帮助垃圾分类，可知it指代

the smart bin，故选C。

4.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章However, at first only a larger

version designed for offices will be available.最初只有

一个为办公室设计的更大胆版本才可以使用。可知最初是在办

公室使用，故选D。

写作句式

It＋不及物动词＋从句

1.(2013·陕西高考书面表达)It occurred to me that I should give the rooms a thorough cleaning.

我突然想到我应该彻底打扫房间。

2.Talking of energy saving and greenhouse reductions, it happens that I have read a report on this topic in a newspaper.谈到节能减排，我碰巧在一份报纸上看到了有关这一话题的报道。

3.(2015·福建高考书面表达)As can be seen from the picture, a boy is burdened with such heavy homework that it seems that he can hardly bear it any more.

正如图画上所看到的一样，一个男孩肩负着那么沉重的作业以至于他看上去好像再也承受不住了。

我读我练

Ⅰ.词汇应用

1.The growing speed of a plant is influenced(影响) by a number of factors.

2.If there is any change about the time of the meeting, please inform (通知) us in advance.

3.Operate the electrical appliance following the instructions (instruct) attached in the box, or you’ll be at risk.

4.Much to my regret, I am unable to accept your kind invitation(invite).

5.A man who can think will always have__an__advantage__over (胜过) others.

6.He took__a__deep__breath (深深吸了一口气)and dived into the water.

Ⅱ.句式仿写

1.她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。

It__occurred__to/struck/hit__her__that she should adopt the homeless child.

2.这真难以相信。看来没有任何东西能让他一蹶不振。

That’s incredible.It__seems__that__nothing can get him down.

3.恰巧就在那一天我会参加一个非常重要的销售会议。

It__happens__that on that very day I will attend a very important sales meeting.

【练习】

Most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless homeworks.However, some interested activities indeed contribute to reduce the https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0a12384380.html,st week the entertainment department of our Student Union organized the activity in which each class shoot a short movie.Our class chose a story setting in World War Ⅱ，that showed the preciousness of peace.I think this process was a good lesson that taught to

me how to strike a balance between studying or relaxation.Now I am determined than ever to treasure everything I have and fight for my future.

【答案】

Most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless .However, some activities indeed contribute to the https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0a12384380.html,st week the entertainment department of our Student Union organized activity in which each class a short movie.Our class chose a story in World War Ⅱ， showed the preciousness of peace.I think this process was a good lesson that taught me how to strike a balance between studying relaxation.Now I am determined than ever to treasure everything I have and fight for my future.

第一处：homeworks→homework。考查名词。homework为不可数名词，没有复数形式。

第二处：interested→interesting。考查形容词。interesting修饰物，意为“有趣的”；根据该句中的名词activities可知答案；interested修饰人，意为“感兴趣的”。

第三处：reduce→reducing。考查动名词。该句中短语“contribute to”中的to为介词，后接动名词。

第四处：the→an。考查不定冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一次活动”，故用不定冠词。

第五处：shoot→shot。考查动词的时态。根据该句的时间状语“Last week”可知，该句陈述的事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时。

第六处：setting→set。考查过去分词。a story和set之间为动宾关

系，表示“以二战为背景的故事”，故用过去分词作后置定语。

第七处：that→which。考查关系代词。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面的a story，在从句中作主语，故用which。

第八处：删除to。考查固定用法。teach为及物动词，后直接加宾语，不需要接to。teach sb.sth.为固定用法，意为“教某人……”。

第九处：or改为and。考查连词。该处表示在学习和放松之间取得平衡。between...and...意为“在……和……之间”。

第十处：在am后加more。考查比较级。根据该句中的than可知，该处应用比较级。