文学作品阅读题
文学作品类阅读理解(1)
1
“Do you feel any better, Henry?” Rinaldi seated himself in the chair next to the bed. “You know what?s happening? They are planning to give you a medal.”
“No way! What did I do?”
“But you have been seriously injured. You at least will get a bronze one. And if you did something special, they will give you a silver one. Did you do anything special?”“No, nothing!”
“Weren?t you carrying anybody while you were wounded?”
“Of course not.”
“Well, I heard you insisted on letting other patients get treated before you.”“I didn?t insist very strongly.”
“Tha t?s alright. I don?t think it?s a problem. I?m pretty sure that you can get a silver one! We are all full of pride when we think about you.”
“So, how did the battle go?”
“Didn?t you read the newsletter? We took that little town and got almost a thousand enemies to give up!”
“How are you doing?”
“I?m doing very well! I?m becoming a better doctor every day. But enough about me…do you still hurt? How are the wounds? How?s your head doing? The doctor?s chart says that your head is all right. You were really unlucky to have that major work on you! He?s not a good doctor. He is more like a meat cutter. It must drive you mad to stay in this bed all day long! Please get out of here as soon as possible.
I miss you. The room is so empty now that there?s nobody sharing it with me.”“What about Miss Barkely?”
“Of course, I will go and get her. But you rest for a while. And here, I brought you some alcohol to take away some of the pain. By the way, I think the priest(牧师) wants to come see you. You know, sometimes I wonder if you two aren?t lovers,”he said laughing.
“Shut up, you stupid Italian!”
“I have to go now. Get well soon! I have no one to joke with.”
40. What?s the relationship between Henry and Rinaldi?
A. Official and solider.
B. Roommates.
C. Lovers.
D. Doctor and patient.
41. The underlined word “work” in the passage refers to ______.
A. the cut
B. being a solider
C. the wound
D. the medal
42. We can know from the passage that ________.
A. Rinaldi didn?t know Henry very well.
B. the priest and Miss Barkely are lovers.
C. Henry was very badly wounded in the head.
D. Henry probably got wounded in the battle.
43. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Rinaldi is a pleasant guy.
B. A silver medal was awarded to Henry.
C. Henry got a thousand enemies to give up.
D. Rinaldi was more like a meat cutter than a doctor.
2
Ben walked quietly. He wanted to surprise the hunter. But then, what would he do? Suddenly he heard a bird?s wings beating the dry grass. Ben moved quickly toward the sound.
He saw a colored head ... the head of a beautiful bird. The bird did not move until Ben came close. Then it tried to fly away, but one wing was broken.
Ben lifted the bird and held it close against his body. The bird fought to escape, but soon lay quietly in Ben?s arms.
Ben decided to take the bird home and fix its broken wings so that it could fly again. He was almost out of the woods when he heard the hunter behind him.
“You just found that bird?” the hunter asked.
“Yes,” Ben answered.
“It is mine!”
Ben was afraid and tried to answer, but his mouth was too dry to speak. Nevertheless, he wetted his lips and said, “No.”
“I shot him and I say he is mine!”
“But he is not dead yet,” Ben answered, “and besides, anything on my land belongs to me.”
The hunter looked down at the little man and smiled. “Say, who are you?”
Ben?s voice shook with both fear and anger. “I own this land. There are sign s everywhere that say, …No hunting?.”
“No need to get angry, mister,” the hunter said. “Control yourself.”
There was something threatening in the man?s cool quiet voice. And he had a gun. His arms were free and Ben?s were not.
The hunter stepped closer and said, “Give me that bird!”
Ben was white with anger. “No!” he answered. His eye glasses became wet and he had to look over the top of them to see the other man.
“Give me the bird and I will go away,” the hunter said.
“You get off my land,” Ben told him. “Get off right now...you do not belong here!”The man?s face got red. “Mister,” he said, “I have been hunting here all my life.
I grew up here.”
“That is a thing of the past,” Ben said. “I do not know who you are and I do not care. I own this place now and I am telling you to leave. You go back through the woods and get off my land!”
“Now look, mister,” the hunter said, “be reasonable.”
The hunter raised his gun.
A cold wind blew across Ben?s face. He looked into the hunter?s gray eyes. Ben was frightened. It was not too late, he thought. He could still give the bird to the hunter and return safely home...that would end this whole ugly business.
The bird struggled weakly and made a wild, strange noise.
Then Ben knew he could never give this bird to the hunter. This feeling gave Ben great strength, and he was no longer afraid.
“I will never let you kill this bird,” he said. “Get away from here. If you try to take this bird, I will fight...you have a gun and you are bigger, but that does not worry me. You will n ever get this bird...you will have to kill me first.”
The two men looked at each other. Ben?s fear returned. His knees began to shake and he felt sick. Yet he stood straight, wondering what would happen next. They stood close to each other for a long time. The woods were strangely quiet. Then the hunter?s rough voice broke the silence.
“You are a fool.” And then to Ben?s surprise, he slowly walked away.
Ben watched until he was gone. His arms hurt, his body felt wet and cold.
67. Why did the hunter smile w hen saying “Say, who are you”?
A. He wanted to confirm Ben?s identity in a friendly way.
B. He was amused at Ben?s reply and interested in him.
C. He looked down on Ben and thought his reply ridiculous.
D. He meant to be friendly enough to get the bird from Ben.
68. What strengthened Ben?s determination never to give the bird to the hunter?
A. His strong dislike of the hunter.
B. His firm confidence in himself.
C. His ownership of this piece of land.
D. His concern and sympathy for the bird.
69. Why did the hunter remark that Ben was a fool at the end of the story?
A. Ben tried to protect a bird at all costs.
B. Ben pretended to be fearless although scared.
C. Ben stood close to him saying nothing for long.
D. Ben insisted on him leaving the land.
70. Which of the following best describes Ben?s state of mind in the incident?
A. Ben was willing to compromise.
B. Ben never thought of giving in.
C. Ben held out to the end.
D. Ben was sure about his victory.
答案：67-70 CDAC
3
(Mr Jones, the owner of a farm, was one day driven out of the farm by all the animals he raised. The animals were excited to be free and independent. More important, they were masters of their own and, of course, their farm. Animals made seven rules of their own and Snowball painted them on the wall.)
THE SEVEN COMMANDMENTS
1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy.
2. Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a freind.
3. No animal shall wear clothes.
4. No animal shall sleep in a bed.
5. No animal shall drink alcohol.
6. No animal shall kill any other animal.
7. All animals are equal.
It was very neatly written, and except that “friend” was written “freind” and one of the “S?s” was the wrong way round, the spelling was correct all the way through. Snowball read it aloud for the benefit of the others. All the animals nodded in complete agreement, and the cleverer ones at once began to learn the Commandments by heart.
“Now, comrades,” cried Snowball, throwing down the paintbrush, “to the hayfield! Let us make it a point of honor to get in the harvest more quickly than Jones and his men could do.”
But at this moment the three cows, who had seemed uneasy for some time past, let out a loud lowing. They had not been milked for twenty-four hours, and their
udders were almost bursting. After a little thought, the pigs sent for buckets and milked the cows fairly successfully, their trotters (蹄子) being well adapted to this task. Soon there were five buckets of frothing creamy milk at which many of the animals looked with considerable interest.
“What is going to happen to all that milk?” said someone.
“Jones used sometimes to mix some of it in our food,” said one of the hens.“Never mind the milk, comrades!” cried Napoleon, placing himself in front of the buckets. “That will be attended to. The harvest is more important. Comrade Snowball will lead the way. I shall follow in a few minutes. Forward, comrades! The hay is waiting.”
So the animals trooped down to the hayfield to begin the harvest, and when they came back in the evening it was noticed that the milk had disappeared.
67. Who is the leader of the animals?
A. Snowball.
B. Jones.
C. Napoleon.
D. Cows.
68. When does the story take place?
A. In spring.
B. In summer.
C. In fall.
D. In winter.
69. What can we infer from the story?
A. The animals are having a revolution.
B. The animals are doing a play.
C. The animals don?t think they are equal.
D. The animals will live a harmonious life.
70. Who is indicated as the animals? enemy?
A. The chicken.
B. The human being.
C. The cow.
D. The pig. KEYS: 67-70 CCAB
4
In this voyage I visited my new colony on the island, saw the Spaniards(西班牙人), had the whole story of their lives and of the villains(罪犯) I left there; how at first they treated the poor Spaniards badly,·how they afterwards agreed, disagreed, unired, separated, and how at last the Spaniards were forced to use violence with them; how they gave in to the spaniards, how honestly the Spaniards used them ---- a history, if it were entered into, as full of variety and wonderful accidents as my own part ---- particularly, also, as to their battles with the Caribbeans, who landed several times upon the Island, and as to the improvement they made upon the Island itself, and how five of them made an attempt upon the main land, and brought away eleven men and five women prisoners, by which, at my coming, I found about twenty young children on the Island.
Here I stayed bout 20 days, left them supplies of all necessary things, and particularly of arms, powder, shot, cloths, tools, and two workmen, which I brought from England with me, namely a carpenter and a smith.
Besides this, I shared the Island into parts with them, reserved to myself the property of whole but gave them such parts respectively as they agreed on; and
having settled all things with them and encouraged them not to leave the place, I left them there.
From then on I landed the Brazils, from where I sent a bark, which I bought there, with more people to the island; and in it, besides other supplies, I sent seven women, being such persons as I found proper for service, or for wives to such as would take them. As to the Englishmen, I promised them to send them some women from England, with a good cargo(船货) of necessaries, if they would apply themselves to planting ---- which I afterwards could not perform. And the fellows proved very honest and diligent after they were mastered and had their properties set apart for them. I sent them also from the Brazils five cows, three of them being big with calf, some sheep, and some pigs, which when I came again were considerably increased.
But all these things, with an account how 300 Caribbeans came and invaded(入侵) them, and ruined their plantations, and how they fought with that whole number twice, and were at first defeated, and one of them killed; but at last a storm destroying most of their enemies? boats, they destroyed almost all the rest, and renewed and recovered the possession of their plantation, and still lived upon the Island.
All these things, with some very surprising incidents in some new adventures of my own, for ten years more, I may perhaps give a further account of the story.
66. From Paragraph l, we know _______ .
A. the Spaniards were always getting along well with the villains
B. the Spaniards were always the rulers of the island
C. the Spaniards and the villains both ruled the island peacefully
D. the Spaniards and the villains once had battles witll each other
67. In Paragraph 2, the place where I stayed was probably ________.
A. a wild island
B. a deserted downtown
C. a primitive supermarket
D. a new city
68. The underlined word “respectively” in the third paragraph probably means ______ .
A. separately
B. particularly
C. specially
D. surprisingly
69. The writer of the story once went to _______.
A. Japan and Brazil
B. England and Brazil
C. France and Spain
D. Korea and Caribbean
70. From the story, we can judge the Writer might be _______ .
A. an invader
B. a carpenter
C. an adventurer
D. a prisoner Keys: DAABC
文学作品阅读题
文学作品类阅读理解(1) 1 “Do you feel any better, Henry?” Rinaldi seated himself in the chair next to the bed. “You know what?s happening? They are planning to give you a medal.” “No way! What did I do?” “But you have been seriously injured. You at least will get a bronze one. And if you did something special, they will give you a silver one. Did you do anything special?”“No, nothing!” “Weren?t you carrying anybody while you were wounded?” “Of course not.” “Well, I heard you insisted on letting other patients get treated before you.”“I didn?t insist very strongly.” “Tha t?s alright. I don?t think it?s a problem. I?m pretty sure that you can get a silver one! We are all full of pride when we think about you.” “So, how did the battle go?” “Didn?t you read the newsletter? We took that little town and got almost a thousand enemies to give up!” “How are you doing?” “I?m doing very well! I?m becoming a better doctor every day. But enough about me…do you still hurt? How are the wounds? How?s your head doing? The doctor?s chart says that your head is all right. You were really unlucky to have that major work on you! He?s not a good doctor. He is more like a meat cutter. It must drive you mad to stay in this bed all day long! Please get out of here as soon as possible. I miss you. The room is so empty now that there?s nobody sharing it with me.”“What about Miss Barkely?” “Of course, I will go and get her. But you rest for a while. And here, I brought you some alcohol to take away some of the pain. By the way, I think the priest(牧师) wants to come see you. You know, sometimes I wonder if you two aren?t lovers,”he said laughing. “Shut up, you stupid Italian!” “I have to go now. Get well soon! I have no one to joke with.” 40. What?s the relationship between Henry and Rinaldi? A. Official and solider. B. Roommates. C. Lovers. D. Doctor and patient. 41. The underlined word “work” in the passage refers to ______. A. the cut B. being a solider C. the wound D. the medal 42. We can know from the passage that ________. A. Rinaldi didn?t know Henry very well. B. the priest and Miss Barkely are lovers. C. Henry was very badly wounded in the head. D. Henry probably got wounded in the battle. 43. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Rinaldi is a pleasant guy. B. A silver medal was awarded to Henry. C. Henry got a thousand enemies to give up. D. Rinaldi was more like a meat cutter than a doctor.
最新中考英语英语阅读理解试题(及答案)
最新中考英语英语阅读理解试题(及答案) 一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷 1．阅读理解 That cold January night, I was growing sick of my life in San Francisco. There I was, walking home at one in the morning after a tiring practice at the theatre. With opening night only a week away, I was still learning my lines. I was having trouble dealing with my part-time job at the bank and my acting at night at the same time. As I walked, I thought seriously about giving up both acting and San Francisco. City life had become too much for me. As I walked down empty streets under tall buildings, I felt very small and cold. I began running, both to keep warm and to keep away from any possible robbers (抢劫犯). Very few people were still out except a few sad-looking homeless people under blankets. About a block from my apartment (公寓房间), I heard a sound behind me. I turned quickly, half expecting to see someone with a knife or a gun. The street was empty. All I saw was a shining street-light. Still, the noise had made me nervous, so I started to run faster. Not until I reached my apartment building and unlocked the door did I realize what the noise had been. It had been my wallet falling to the street. Suddenly I wasn't cold or tired any more, and I ran out of the door and back to where I'd heard the noise. Although I searched the street anxiously for fifteen minutes, my wallet was nowhere to be found. Just as I was about to give up the search, I heard the garbage truck (垃圾车) pull up to the street next to me. When a voice called from the inside, "Alisa Camacho?" I thought I was dreaming. How could this man know my name? The door opened, and out jumped a small red-haired man with an amused look in his eyes. "Is this what you're looking for?" he asked, holding up a small square shape. It was nearly 3 a.m. by the time I got into bed. I wouldn't get much sleep that night, but I had got my wallet back. I also had got back some enjoyment of city life. I realized that the city couldn't be a bad place as long as people were willing to help each other. （1）How did the writer feel when she was walking home after work? A. Cold and sick. B. Fortunate and helpful. C. Disappointed and helpless. D. Satisfied and cheerful. （2）From the first paragraph, we learn that the writer was busy _________. A. solving her problem at the bank B. preparing for the first night show C. learning acting in an evening school D. taking part in various city activities （3）On her way home the writer __________. A. lost her wallet unknowingly B. was stopped by a garbage truck driver C. was robbed of her wallet by an armed man D. found some homeless people following her （4）In the fifth paragraph, why did the writer say she was dreaming? A. Someone offered to take her back home. B. A red-haired man came to see her. C. Her wallet was found in a garbage truck. D. She heard someone call her name. （5）From the text, we can infer that the writer _________.
文学作品阅读鉴赏《提琴》阅读答案(二)
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以把我们一家子撵到街上，我们要成为叫花子的，卡尔。” “我想稍微讲几句。”舅舅说。他站起来从陈列柜 顶上取下那把小提琴，“我从报上读过，一把斯特拉?第瓦里制造的小提琴卖五千元。把它拿去卖了，卡尔。” “哦，迈克！”母亲很吃惊。 “我可不愿那么做，迈克。”父亲说道。 “如果你赶快的话，”迈克舅舅告诉他，“你可以 在老埃雷特关店之前赶到他那里。”他的双手微微颤抖，可他的语调却异常平静。于是我父亲腋下夹着提琴盒出 门了。 过了一阵子父亲从前门进来，他吹着口哨，脚步轻捷，可是仍然夹着那只提琴盒。他做的头一件事便是将 琴盒放回到陈列柜顶上的老地方。 “我都已经走到埃雷特那家店的门口了，可我心里 突然起了个念头，”父亲解释道，“我们干吗要卖它？ 就放在老地方不挺好的吗？这就像我们有了一只保险箱，里面放着崭新的五十张一百元面额的票子。有了这笔钱，我们就用不着为那笔三千元的贷款担惊受怕了。你说是吗，玛丽？如果我们要还的话，只消穿过三条马路到埃 雷特那家店去就行了。” 母亲显出欣喜的表情：“我很高兴，卡尔。”
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最新中考英语阅读理解专题练习1
最新中考英语阅读理解专题练习1 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne（凡尔纳） as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer. At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864） and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）. In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne's writing included many predictions（预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich. Jules Verne's books have been the subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first time that Disney movie had used real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time! （1）What does the phrase "the father of science fiction" mean? A. The father who has several children. B. The man who loves science and inventions. C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction. D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully. （2）What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories? A. The plays he wrote for the theater. B. The encouragement from his father. C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon. D. The scientific subjects in his stories. （3）Why were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th century? A. Because his books made him rich and famous. B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time. C. Because his books were the subjects for many movies. D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions. （4）Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg? A. Five Weeks in a Balloon. B. Around the World in Eighty Days. C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth. D. From the Earth to the Moon. （5）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. The space flight Verne described was different from others. B. The main characters in Verne's books are always on time. C. Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century. D. Many of the predictions in Verne's stories came true.
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中国近现代文学常识知识整理发 梁启超，又号饮冰室主人，曾倡导“诗界革命”、“小说界革命”，全部着作汇编为《饮冰室合集》。 近代学者王国维着有《人间词》及《人间词话》等着作。 《古文观止》是由清初吴楚材、吴调侯编选的一部普及性的古文选本。 中国现代文学开始于1919年“五四”新文化运动时期。陈独秀和胡适是推动文学革新的两个代表性人物。《新青年》是当时主要的文学期刊。 文学研究会1921年1月成立于北京，它是最早成立的新文学社团之一，文学研究会的主要刊物有《小说月报》等，成员主要有郑振铎、沈雁冰、叶绍钧等。 创造社1921年7月成立于日本东京，主要成员有郭沫若、郁达夫等。 新月社1923年成立于北京，主要成员有徐志摩、闻一多、梁实秋等。 1922年春，冯雪峰、潘漠华、应修人、汪静之等因在湖畔写诗，并合集《湖畔》，被称为“湖畔诗人”。他们对新诗最大的贡献是爱情诗的创作。 广泛的社会批评是鲁迅早期杂文创作的特色。他早期的杂文主要收入《坟》和《热风》中。鲁迅（右图）后期杂文主要反映20世纪30年代中国的社会生活和重大的政治事件，代表作是《且介亭杂文》三集。 鲁迅的《狂人日记》是现代文学的第一篇白话小说，它揭露了封建社会“吃人”的本质。《阿Q正传》是小说中最着名的一篇。作品突出地描绘了阿Q的“精神胜利法”。阿Q这个人物不仅是中国文学史上，也是世界文学史上的一个典型。 《女神》是郭沫若的第一部新诗集，也是中国现代文学史上一部具有突出成就和巨大影响的新诗集，《女神》中最具有代表性的作品是《凤凰涅磐》和《女神之再生》。 郁达夫是“五四”新文学运动中产生过重大影响的作家。他的第一部小说集《沉沦》是作者留日时期生活和思想的写照。 徐志摩的抒情诗《再别康桥》把他对母校的深情溶进了别离时的形象和想象中。 茅盾的代表作是长篇小说《子夜》和短篇小说《林家铺子》。 老舍的作品很有北京味儿。他最着名的作品有长篇小说《骆驼祥子》、话剧《茶馆》。 巴金的《激流三部曲》：《家》、《春》、《秋》是他的早期代表作。 林语堂主要从事小品散文创作。他提倡“闲适文学”。赴美定居后，用英语写作了长篇小说《京华烟云》。 戴望舒是三十年代“现代派”的代表诗人。《雨巷》是他的代表作。 沈从文最有特色的作品是反映少数民族地区风土民情的小说。中篇小说《边城》是这方面的代表作。 曹禺，现代着名剧作家，代表作有话剧《雷雨》、《日出》、《原野》、《北京人》。 钱钟书的中篇小说《围城》生动地描写了战时知识分子的精神面貌。 艾青，现代着名诗人，《大堰河我的保姆》一诗，抒发了对抚育他的保姆的深情的追怀。 梁实秋的代表作为散文集《雅舍小品》。 冰心是现代着名女作家。她的散文柔美、清俊，抒情性很强，被当时的读者誉为“冰心体”。 冰心影响最大的作品当推散文集《寄小读者》。母爱、童真是作品的主要内容。 张恨水是通俗社会小说家。他的作品语言精炼，明白晓畅，其代表作《啼笑姻缘》是三十年代销售量最大的长篇小说。 张天翼是现代文坛杰出的讽刺作家。他的小说主要描写小市民的灰色人生和部分知识分子的庸俗虚伪，以及他们矛盾可笑的心理状态。他写的短篇小说《华威先生》，不仅是中国现代短篇小说史上的名篇，还被列入世界优秀短篇小说之林。
举例论述文学作品的类型
举例论述文学作品的类型 内容摘要：举例分析现实型文学、理想型文学和象征型文学三种文学类型，对三种类型进行了区别。 文学作品类型的含义是指文学作品反映现实的形式，和文学体裁有本质的区别。 文学作品的约定文类有三种：现实型文学、理想型文学和象征型文学，这是一般的文学作品的类型分类。还有其他的分类方式，如按创作手段分为：口语文本，文字文本，印刷文本，大众媒介文本和网络文本；按创作动机分为：主导文化文本、高雅文化文本、大众文化文本和民间文化文本；按创作题材的分类尚未统一。 本文已约定文类的文学作品类型的三种形式，进行举例分析。 一、现实型文学 现实型文学是一种侧重以写实的方式再现客观现实的文学形态。它的基本特征是： 1.再现性，现实型文学的最基本特征是再现性。再现，指对外在客观现实状况作如实刻画或模拟。它要求文学立足于客观现实，面对现实，正视现实，并忠实于现实生活，而不是绕开现实，躲避现实。 文学作为反映，是再现与表现的统一。一方面，它应在其话语系统中，真实地再现现实矛盾与规律；另一方面，文学应在认识基础上，显示出对现实矛盾和规律的情感评价。 2.逼真性，现实型文学立足于客观现实，再现现实矛盾和本质规律，在艺术表现手段上的基本特点便是逼真性。逼真，是指以写实的方法，按生活中各种事物的本来面目进行精细逼真的描绘。客观事物感性状貌和细节的真实，是它的特色。 例如鲁迅先生的《阿Q正传》。 《阿Q正传》向我们展现了辛亥革命前后一个畸形的中国社会和一群畸形的中国人的真面貌。它的发表，有着特定的政治、经济和文化背景，讽刺了一些心灵丑陋的旧中国人。 根据鲁迅做小说的目的、治疗国民弱点的论述和《阿Q正传》的成因等言论，我们可以概括《阿Q正传》的创作意图：着眼于启蒙，写出中国人的人生，主要是广大受剥削压迫的劳动人民的苦难、悲惨而又愚昧落后的人生，希望改良这悲惨的人生，唤醒沉睡的民众。作者在这篇小说中，为疗救这样病态的社会、病态的国民而发出痛苦的呐喊。 阿Q是辛亥革命时期的农民典型。他是赤贫的雇农，社会地位低下，受压迫受剥削，被侮辱被损害，生活十分悲惨，阿Q的性格十分丰富、复杂。他有农民的优点：“真能做”，割麦便割麦，舂米便舂米，撑船便撑船。他身上又有农民的弱点：主观、保守、狭隘、愚蠢。他还受封建思想的种种影响，严于“男女之大防”及排斥异端等等。 阿Q的主要性格特征是精神胜利法。所谓精神胜利法，就是在现实生活中处于失败者的地位，但不正视现实，用盲目的自尊自大、自轻自贱、畏强凌弱、健忘、忌讳缺点、以丑为荣等种种手法来自欺自慰，自我陶醉于虚伪的精神胜利之中。 《阿Q正传》之所以说是典型的现实型文学是因为它塑造了典型环境中的典型性格。鲁迅娴熟地运用典型化的创作方法，采用了融现实与历史于一炉的手段，“杂取种种人”，创造典型形象，勾勒出沉默的国民的灵魂，从而使典型具有极大的艺术概括力量。 另外小说采用了悲喜交融的表现手法。作品引起人们的阵阵笑声，但同时又是一出写得异常沉重的悲剧，寓庄于谐，亦庄亦谐，在笑声里隐含着深沉的忧郁与哀痛。 并且文章用“传记”式结构，塑造了一个圆满的典型形象。小说继承了我国传统小说以叙述为主，把情景和场面描写融入叙述的表现手法，来表现人物的复杂命运和性格。 《阿Q正传》的基调是悲喜剧相结合与出色的讽刺艺术。其喜剧因素由夸张、幽默、滑稽、讥嘲、反语等多种表现手法构成。讽刺艺术主要分两类：对赵太爷等重在揭露其贪婪阴毒的丑恶灵魂；对阿Q则是含泪的鞭挞，重在显示其虚妄、健忘和耻辱。这种逼真性，使当时社会中的矛盾和人民的压抑淋漓精致的表现在读者面前。 另外贾平凹《废都》，《秦腔》；老舍的《四世同堂》；余华的《兄弟》，《活着》，《许三观卖血记》等；陈忠实的，《白鹿原》等也都是现实型文学的代表作品。
最新中考英语英语阅读理解练习题
最新中考英语英语阅读理解练习题 一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷 1．阅读理解 Do you want a job in the holiday? Just go for it. First, you need to know what kind of job is suitable for your age and interest. If you're 13 to 15. It seems that you can't work almost anywhere, but you're probably allowed to clean your neighbours' cars or walk their dogs. There is no lowest wage(工资) for children under 16. By law, you can't work more than 35 hours each week during school holidays. And you can't work before 7 a.m. or after 7 p.m. If you're 16 or 17. The lowest wage for 16-17 years old teenagers should be no less than 7 dollars per hour. You can't work in a pub or bar, but you can work in many other places. By law, you can't work more than 40 hours each week. What jobs are out there? Obviously your choices are limited (限制) by the fact that you can only work during school holidays, but the following situations are fine. At Christmas, most shops are shart of hands, so you may find something to do there. In antumn, there's always fruit picking. It can be pretty hard work, but it pays really well. If you're mad about football, you can choose to work in a sports shop or help out at a local football club. No matter how much you are paid, you are doing what you like. （1）In the school holidays, 14-year-old kids __________________. A. can work anywhere they want B. are not allowed to work alone C. can't go to work at night D. can work as long as 14 hours a day （2）How much can a 16-year-old kid be paid at least in two hours? A. 21 dollars. B. 17 dollars. C. 14 dollars. D. 7 dollars. （3）If you want to clean cars for others, you should at least be _____________. A. 16 B. 15 C. 14 D. 13 （4）According to the passage, which statement is true? A. not right for children B. tiring but pays well C. better than other jobs D. more interesting to girls （5）According to the passage, which statement is true? A. If you are 17 years old, you're not allowed to walk the dog for your neighbour. B. Teenagers can choose their jobs according to their interest. C. Fruit picking pays well because there are fewer people to pick it. D. Only football fan is allowed to work in a football club. 【答案】（1）C （2）C