天津外国语学院考研样题
天津外国语学院
2009年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试样题
考试科目：基础英语+汉语
（外国语言学及应用语言学）
（考试时间180分钟总分150分）
I. Structure and Vocabulary (30 points)
Section A
Directions:
Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 points)
1. Don?t be too hard on him; he?s doing the job__________.
A. as good as he can
B. as well he could
C. as best he can
D. as best as he could
2. _________his carelessness, the electric motor was damaged.
A. In spite of
B. Regardless of
C. In case of
D. On account of
3. You will be liable __________a heavy fine if you do that.
A. for
B. to
C. at
D. into
4. I seldom watch television, _________.
A. so does my brother
B. my brother is too
C. my brother doesn?t too
D. nor does my brother
5. I can go myself but I would sooner you __________.
A. will go
B. went
C. go
D. had gone
6. The housing problem of the company is believed _________at the meeting of the board last Friday.
A. to have discussed
B. to have been discussed
C. to be discussed
D. having been discussed
7. He insisted _________with him because he felt lonely in the small isolated village.
A. in my staying
B. me to stay
C. that I am staying
D. that I stay
8. I don?t think Mr. Yang will come here again today. Please give these two tickets to _______comes here first.
A. whomever
B. whom
C. who
D. whoever
9. He ran as fast as he could lest he _______the train.
A. miss
B. might miss
C. would miss
D. should not miss
10. He knows little of mathematics, _________ of chemistry.
A. as well as
B. and still less
C. no less than
D. and still more
SectionB
Directions:
Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (20 points)
11. Some of his suggestions have been adopted but others have been turned
________as they are quite impracticable.
A. away
B. back
C. out
D. down
12. Medical statistics show that smoking is injurious __________people?s
health and can cause lung cancer.
A. with
B. to
C. for
D. in
13. ____________all advice he started to climb the mountain during the
storm.
A. Contrary to
B. On the contrary
C. To the contrary
D. In contrast to
14. Apart from those three very cold weeks in January, it has been a very
_____ winter.
A. plain
B. soft
C. mild
D. calm
15. I like to go to the cinema when I am in the _______ for it.
A. motive
B. mind
C. mood
D. notion
16. There is real concern that food supplies will not be __________ to feed
the increasing world population.
A. sufficient
B. satisfactory
C. equal
D. effective
17. You must obtain __________ from the landowner to fish in this river.
A. freedom
B. permission
C. right
D. allowance
18. Since his retirement, Peter Smith, who was ________ a teacher, has
written four novels.
A. afterwards
B. usually
C. already
D. formerly
19. It takes a lot of ________ to put on a school play such as Hamlet.
A. arrangement
B. management
C. organization
D. programme
20. These figures give a rough guide to the cost of ________ your car.
A. handling
B. keeping
C. managing
D. running
21. On Sunday the business centre of the city was usually quite ________.
A. vanished
B. deserted
C. abandoned
D. abolished
22. In today?s paper, it ________that there will be a new government soon.
A. tells
B. states
C. writes
D. records
23. Whenever anything ________ happens, a crowd of people is certain to
gather.
A. noted
B. sensational
C. well-known
D. emotional
24. When I came through the Customs at the airport, I had to pay _______ on
a clock I had bought.
A. taxes
B. duty
C. fines
D. rates
25. After a long delay I finally got _______ to writing the letter.
A. round
B. over
C. on
D. off
26. It was after dark when the two children were both _______ on the
safety-crossing by a lorry.
A. knocked down
B. knocked out
C. run across
D. run out
27. He knows so much about the stars that I am sure it would be impossible
to find his _______.
A. similar
B. equal
C. likeness
D. sample
28. After closing the envelope, the secretary ________ the stamps on firmly.
A. licked
B. sucked
C. stuck
D. struck
29. Children don?t have to cross busy streets which are full of ___ .
A. circulation
B. movement
C. traffic
D. buses
30. One of the attractive features of the course was the way the practical
work had been ________ with the theoretical aspects of the subject.
A. embraced
B. adjusted
C. alternated
D. integrated II．Cloze Test (10 points)
Directions:
For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.
Inventi ons are the result of man?s curiosity about the world around him and of the desire to meet an expressed need. It was a need for more __31__ building materials that __32__ man to invent bricks about 4000 B.C. It was probably simply __33__ that resulted in the invention of the wheel around 3000 B.C. The 34__ of the invention of the bow and arrow has been __35__ in time, but it is fairly__36__ that it was for the purpose of providing man__37__ a quicker and surer means of killing animals for food. We __38__ thousands of things today as commonplace, __39__at one time the world did not have them. They all have to be invented.
Inventers, who are curious and at the same time see needs, bring their __40__and the necessary materials together to produce something new—something that has not existed before—an invention.
31. A. durable B. available C. bearable D. desirable
32. A. made B. led C. allowed D. tempted
33. A. opportunity B. possibility C. curiosity D. capacity
34. A. aim B. design C. moment D. date
35. A. missed B. lost C. removed D. dropped
36. A. certain B. sure C. exact D. right
37. A. for B. to C. with D. by
38.A. took up B. looked upon C. dwelt on D. turned out
39. A. but B. and C. still D. for
40. A. ideals B. views C. opinions D. ideas III．Reading Comprehension (40 points)
Directions:
Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.
Passage 1
Thousands of years ago man used handy rocks for his surgical operations. Later he used sharp bone or horn, metal knives and more recently, rubber and plastic. And that was where we stuck, in surgical instrument terms, for many years. In the 1960s a new tool was developed, one which was, first of all, to be of great practical use to the armed forces and industry, but which was also, in time, to revolutionize the art and science of surgery.
The tool is the laser and it is being used by more and more surgeons all over the world for a very large number of different complaints. The word “laser” means: Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. As we all know, light is hot; any source of light—from the sun itself down to a humble match burning—will give warmth. But light is usually spread out over a wide area. The light in a laser beam, however, is concentrated. This means that a light with no more than that produced by an ordinary electric bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam. Experiments with these pinpoint beams showed researchers that different energy sources produce beams that have a particular effect on certain living cells．It is now possible for eye surgeons to operate on the back of the human eye without harming the front of the eye，simply by passing a laser beam right through the eyeball．No knives, no stitches, no unwanted damage—a true surgical wonder.
Operations which left patients exhausted and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable. So much more difficult operations can now be tried.
The rapid development of laser techniques in the past ten years has made it clear that the future is likely to be very exciting. Perhaps some cancers will be treated with laser in a way that makes surgery not only safer but more effective．Altogether, tomorrow may see more and more information coming to light on the diseases which can be treated medically．
41. Up till the 1960s the instruments used to perform surgical operations
were_____.
A. fashionable
B. extraordinary
C. special
D. basic
42. After the development of the laser in the 1960s, we find that_____.
A. medical help became available for industrial workers
B. the study of art went through a complete revolution
C. more and more surgeons began to use surgical instruments
D. man's whole approach to surgery changed completely
43. Surgeons can now carry out operations which_____.
A．can be performed successfully only on the human eye
B．result in long periods of recovery time for patients
C．are made much more complicated by using the laser beam
D．result in very little damage to the patients themselves
44. The rapid development of laser techniques has meant that _____.
A. in another ten years we shall be able to cure cancer
B. surgery is likely to improve considerably
C．we shall be able to treat all the diseases we suffer from
D．we are now able to treat most forms of cancer
Passage 2
Television now plays such an important part in so many people's lives that it is essential for us to try to decide whether it is a blessing or a curse．Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages. But do the former outweigh the latter?
In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment. but also a comparatively cheap one．For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home，with particularly unlimited entertainment available, than to go out in search for amusement elsewhere．There is no transport to arrange．They do not have to find a baby-sitter．They do not have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, the opera or the ballet，only to discover, perhaps, that the show is a rotten one. All they have to do is to turn a knob, and they can see plays，films, operas and shows of every kind, not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match．Some people, however, maintain that this is precisely where the danger lies. The television viewer need do nothing. He does not even use his legs. He takes no initiative. He makes no choice and exercises no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort on his part. Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and stimulating. The most distant countries and the strangest customs are brought right into one's sitting-room. It could be argued that the radio performs this service just as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet
here again there is a danger: The television screen itself has a terrible，almost physical fascination for us. We get so used to looking at its movement, so dependent on its flickering (闪烁的) pictures, that it begins to dominate our lives. A friend of mine told me the other day that his television set had broken down and that he and his family had suddenly found that they had far more time to do things, and that they had actually begun to talk to each other again．It makes one think, doesn't it?
There are many other arguments for and against television. The poor quality of its programs is often criticized. But it is undoubtedly a great comfort to many lonely elderly people．And does it corrupt or instruct our children? I think we must realize that television in itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to society.
45. Television plays an important part in people's lives because _____.
A. film industry is declining
B. there are many commercials on television
C. television is a convenient and cheap source of entertainment
D. it is difficult and expensive to buy movie tickets
46. Some people are against television because_____.
A. television sets are expensive
B. television entertainment is limited
C. there are too many political discussions on television
D. the television viewers are completely passive
47. The other day, when his television set failed to work, he and his family
suddenly found_____.
A. they were at a loss (困惑不解) what to do
B. they had more time to do things
C. they could fix it
D. they talked to each other no more
48. Which of the following statements is not true?
A. People often criticize the poor quality of the programs on TV.
B. Television is good for those lonely old people.
C. Television does nothing but harm to children.
D. On television everything becomes much more living.
IV．English-Chinese Translation (15 points)
Directions:
Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese
As civilization proceeds in the direction of technology, it passes the point of supplying all the basic essentials of life—food, shelter, clothes, and warmth. (49) Then we are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfill needs which have hitherto been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work
which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of living. In other words, we either raise our standard of living above that necessary for comfort and happiness or we leave it at this level and work shorter hours. I shall take it as axiomatic (=assumed to be true without proof) that mankind has, by that time, chosen the latter alternative. Men will be working shorter hours in their paid employment. It follows that the house-wife will also expect to be able to have more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living. It also follows that human domestic servants will have completely ceased to exist．(50)Yet the great majority of the housewives will wish to be relieved completely from the routine operations of the home such as scrubbing the floors or the bath or the cooker, or washing the clothes or washing up, or dusting or sweeping or making beds.
By far the most logical step to relieve the housewife 0f routine, is to provide a robot slave which can be trained to the requirements of a particular home and can be programmed to carry out half a dozen or more standard operations (for example, scrubbing，sweeping and dusting, washing up, laying tables, making beds), when so switched by the housewife. (51)It will be a machine having no more emotions than a car, but having a memory for instructions and a limited degree of instructed or built-in adaptability according to the positions in which it finds various types of objects. It will operate other more specialized machines, for example, the vacuum cleaner or clothes-washing machine.
(52)There are no problems—in the production of such a domestic robot to which we do not have already the glimmering of a solution.
When I have discussed this kind of device with housewives, some 90 percent of them have the immediate reaction, …How soon can I buy one?? The other 10 percent have the reaction, …I would be terrified t o have it moving about my house? --but when one explains to them that it could be switched off or unplugged or stopped without the slightest difficulty, or made to go and put itself away in a cupboard at any time, they quickly realize that it is a highly desirable object. In my own home we have found that, at first, the washing-up machine was regarded as a rival to the worker at the kitchen sink，but now there is no greater pleasure than to go to bed in the evening and know that the washing up is being done downstairs after one is asleep. (53) Some families would be delighted, no doubt, to have the robot slave doing all the downstairs housework after they were in bed at night, while others would prefer to have it done in the mornings, but this would be entirely a matter of choice.
V．Writing (15 points)
Directions:
Title: Globalization starts at home
Word limit: 120—150
Your composition must be written clearly in the ANSWER SHEET.
汉语部分
一、选择题（在备选答案中选出一个正确答案√，每小题1分，共10分）
1.先秦文学是综合的形态，其特点是文史哲不分。（）
2.司马迁的《史记》由十二本纪、八书、三十世家、七十列传组成。（）
3.中国古典小说有两个系统：文言小说和白话小说。（）
4.王维、孟浩然是盛唐著名的山水田园诗派的代表诗人。（）
5.苏东坡是北宋革新派的著名诗人。（）
6.柳永是写世俗大众生活的词人。（）
7.晏殊和晏几道二兄弟是北宋著名的词人。（）
8.陶渊明是继谢灵运之后西晋著名的山水诗人，号五柳先生。（）
9、“白日依山尽，黄河入海流。欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。”这首诗名称是
《古塞下曲》（）。
10、“问君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流”的作者是李煜（）。
11、“枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家，古道西风瘦马”的题材是词（）。
12、清代两部著名的历史剧是《牡丹亭》和《桃花扇》（）。
13、中国古典小说四大名著产生的时代是.明清两代（）。
14、被誉为“一孤篇压倒全唐”的《春江花月夜》是张若虚（）。
二、指出下列带点的词性（每题1分，计20分）
1.甘．其．食，美．其服，安其居，乐其俗。（）（）
2、楚战士无不一以．当十。（）
3、吏之所．税．，耕者也。（）（）
4、积土成山，风雨兴焉．；积水成渊，蛟龙生焉。（）（）
5、岁不我与
．．。（）（）
6、相．托之信，慎勿相负。（）
7、李广曰：“是．必射雕者也．。”（）（）。
8、沛公安在
．．。（）（）。
9、蜀道之难难
．．于上青天。（）（）
10、好雨知时节，当春
．．乃发生。（）（）
11、知否，知否，应是绿肥
．．红瘦。（）（）
三、简析题（10分）
电视剧或现实生活当中，常见有的恋人、老朋友两人相逢，紧紧地抱住，说：“我想死你啦！”试对这句话分析：
1、“我想死你啦！”句中的“死”的充当的句子成分是
2、“我想死你啦！”与“我打死你！”的“死”在句子中的语法功能的区别是
3、“我想死你啦！”与“我想死。”的“死”在句子中的语法功能的区别是