写作句式-非常好
背经典句型，写精彩作文1
一、…the +最高级+ 名词+ (that) + 主语+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
在中国，英语是最重要的学科之一。
二、Nothing is + 比较级+ than +to do
没有比接受教育更重要的事。
三、It doesn’t matter +从句；what matters is +从句.
他是否有钱并不重要，重要的是他是否真的爱你。
四、No one can deny that + 主+ 谓...（不可否认的...）
不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
五、It is well-known that + 句子~~ （众所周知...）
众所周知，美国是世界上最强大的国家。
六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ （毫无疑问的...）
毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子（...的优点是...）
使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
八、The reason why + 句子~~~ is that + 句子（...的原因是...）
我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
九、So + 形容词+ be + 主语+ that + 句子（如此...以致于...）
时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
十、Adj + as + 主语+ be, 主+ 谓… （虽然...）
虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
十一、The +比较级+主+ 谓, the +比较级+ 主+ 谓（越…, 就越…）
你愈努力，你愈进步。
我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。
十二、By +doing, ~~ can ~~ （借着...，..能够..）
借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。
十三、~~~ enable +宾语+ to do （..使..能够..）
听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
十四、On no account can we + V ~~~ （我们绝对不能...）
我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
十五、It is time that (S + 过去式/should +v.)（该是...的时候了）
该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
十六、Those who ~~~ （...的人...）
违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
十七、Something must be done to do sth. 必须采取措施去…
我们必须采取措施保护野生动物。
背经典句型，写精彩作文2
一、be + forced+ to + V （不得不...）
既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。
二、It is conceivable （可想到的, 可相信的）that + 句子（可想而知的）
It is obvious that + 句子（明显的）clear
It is apparent that + 句子（显然的）evident
可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
三、That is the reason why ~~~ （那就是...的原因）
夏天很热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。
四、for the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式...（过去...年来，...一直...）
过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。
五、since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式。
自从他上高中，他一直很用功。
六、It is worth while doing.（...是值得的。）
帮助别人是值得的。
七、be based on （以...为基础）
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
八、spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的）
我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
九、When asked about …当被问及…时
当被问及是否该痴迷于上网时，大多数学生承认不应该。
十、be closely related to ~~ （与...息息相关）
做运动与健康息息相关。
十一、get into /form the habit of + Ving
= make it a rule to + V （养成...的习惯）
我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
十二、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~ （因为...）
因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。
十三、What a + adj + n + S + V!= How + adj + a +n. + S+ V!（多么...！）
遵守诺言是多么重要的事！
十四、leave much to be desired （令人不满意）
我们的交通状况令人不满意。
十五、have a great influence on ~~~ （对...有很大的影响）
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
十六、do good to （对...有益），do harm to （对...有害）
读书对心灵有益。
工作过度对健康有害。
十七、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much. （再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。）我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
十八、What(Whatever)+clause +be +表语
他给我留下的深刻印象是诚实。
十九、It doesn’t matter whether …. What matters is whether….
重要的不是他帅不帅，有木有钱，重要的是他是否真的爱你。
背经典句子，写精彩作文3
一. It (so) happened/chanced that +clause.
= sb. happened /chanced to do sth.
=sb.did sth. by chance.
当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在。
二. It seems that …= Sb. seems to do
他好象以前去过北京。
三. It is / was＋被强调的部分＋that(who)+剩余的部分.
1. 直到他回来我才睡觉。
2. 只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。
3. 我确实是个学生。
四. It is high time + (that) 主语＋should do / did+其它。
我们该回家了。
五. It is / was said ( reported…)＋that+从句.
据说他读过这篇小说。
六. It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.
真奇怪，他这次考试没有及格。
七. It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.
他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。
八. It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.
有人建议推迟会议。
九. It is/was＋地点名词＋where+从句。
这就是我出生的房子。
十. It is / was +表示时间的名词＋when+从句。“当…的时候，时间是…”
1999年他从美国回来了。
十一. It is well-known that＋从句。
众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女。
十二. It is/has been +段时间＋since+主语＋did.
他已经离开这儿五年了。
十三. It +will be/was＋段时间＋before+主语＋谓语.（before引导的是时间状语从句。）没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。
三个小时之后他才能回来。
十四. It is +形容词(possible, impossible, necessary等) ＋for+ sb.+ to do.
我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。
十五. It is +（心理品质方面的）形容词＋of + sb. + to do. = 主语+ be +形容词＋to do.
你真好给我提供了帮助。
十六. 由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。
众所周知，他是个很好的学生。
十七. 由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。
他是个教授，那是我一直盼望的职业。
十八. 由where, when引导的定语从句（其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。）如：这就是我过去常来的房子。
这就是我入党的这一天。
十九. No matter …＋从句，＋主句.
无论你做什么，一定要做好。
你无论去哪儿，请通知我。
二十. When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句，＋主句。
只要你给我一些钱，我就让你走。
一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好。
二十一. 主句＋unless+从句.
我明天去那儿除非下雨。
二十二. 祈使句，＋and/ and then+主句。
动脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意。
你再说一句，我就揍你。
二十三. If +necessary / impossible/ important/needed等，＋主句.
如果有必要的话，我来做此事。
二十四. 主句＋in case+从句.
我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。
二十五. 主句＋due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句。
由于他有病了，所以没有来上学。
二十六. When / While / As +从句，＋主句.
当我在农村时，我常常给你打水。
二十七. 主句＋after / before +从句.
他们结婚不到四个月就离婚了。
我们做完此工作就回家了。
二十八. 主语＋v.＋until＋从句.
我一直工作到他回来。
他回来我才开始工作。
二十九. As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句，＋主句.
我一到家，我父亲就出去了。
三十. No sooner +had + 主语＋done…than +主语＋did.
我一到北京就给你打电话了。
三十一. Hardly/Scarcely/ Rarely +had +主语＋done…when / before + 主语＋did.
她一吃完晚饭就出去了。
三十二. By the time+从句，＋主句.（注意时态的变化。）
到你回来时，我已经写完了这本书。
到你回来时，我将写完这本书了。
三十三. each / every time +从句，＋主句.
每当他来哈尔滨，总是顺便来看看我。
三十四. Where +从句，＋主句.
哪里没有雨水，种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的。
三十五. Anywhere / Wherever+从句，＋主句.
无论我去哪儿，我的妻子也去哪儿。
你建议我去哪儿，我就去哪儿。
三十六. 主句＋in order that / so that +从句.
我起得很早，以便能赶上早班车。
三十七. 主句＋for +sb. +to do.（注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语。）他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。
三十八. So…＋that+从句.
这本书那么有趣，我想再读一遍。
三十九. Such…＋that+从句.
他进步很快，老师表扬了他。
四十. 主句＋only +to do sth.
我醒得很晚，结果发现我的妻子已经上班了。
四十一. Were / Should / Had +主语＋谓语，＋主句.
如果我是你的话，昨天我就去那儿了。
高考常见作文模板：
考点1：不同观点性
假如你叫李平，是一位成绩优秀的学生，你班班主任在安排座位时，让成绩好的学生和成绩差的学生做同桌，这在你们班成绩优秀的学生中引起了反响，班会课上大家就此进行了讨论。现在请你根据下表把讨论结果向班主任写一封信反映一下，并说出自己的观点。
赞同1．人人有长处和不足，成绩差的学生也有可取之处；2．相互学习，建立友谊；
3．在学习上帮助学习差的学生，从而使他们建立自信。
反对1．部分成绩差的学生常常上课说话、违反校规校纪；
2．担心自己会受影响，会养成坏习惯；（来源：状元源zy https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0813237004.html,）3．他们老是问问题，使自己不能专心学习。
自己的观点1．… 2．…
注意：1．词数：150字左右，短文的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
2．短文需包括表中所有要点，内容可适当发挥，使行文连贯。
3．参考词汇：成绩差的学生：a slower student长处：strength 缺点：weakness
Dear Mr. Zhang,
We have held a discussion about whether it is good or not for a top student to share a desk with a slower student.
Some are for the idea. In their opinion, everyone has strengths as well as weaknesses. Although they are not good at lessons, they might do well in other fields like sports or arts. Therefore, they can learn from each other, and they may develop friendship. In addition, top students can help slower ones gain self-confidence by helping them with their lessons, which benefits them all.
However, others don’t hold the same view.They think some slower students are always making trouble, such as keeping talking in class and breaking school rules, which may lead to their forming bad habits. Besides, slower students often ask top students questions, which has a bad effect on their studies.
In my opinion, I’d like to choose to share a desk with a slower student so that we can learn from each other and make progress together.
Yours,
Li Ping
书面表达范文背诵篇（2）
下图反映了家长给孩子送饭的常见现象。对此，家长、老师、学生都有各自的看法。请根据下表所提示的信息，用英文写一篇短文。
注意：1．对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。
2．词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
3．作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。
Nowadays it’s common for parents to bring much delicious food to their children at school.
Parents, teachers and students have different opinions. Many parents don’t think school food caters to the ir children’s taste. They think it their responsibility to satisfy their children’s needs. As for teachers, they understand what parents do for their children, yet the situation will bring about some problems, such as food safety.
We students should be grateful to our parents for their selfless love. Of course, with parents preparing delicious food and helping do all the washing, we can eat properly and have more time to study. However, if we are always under the protection of our parents, we can’t develop our own ability to live independently.
So I think we students should not only learn the book knowledge, but also learn to live independently, which will make a difference to our work and life in the future.
考点2：利弊性作文
面对中学生“出国热”，社会对此有不同的看法。请你以Studying Abroad为题，根据以下提供的信息，谈谈自己的看法。
Advantages disadvantages
1．良好的语言环境，更利于预言学习。
2．拓宽视野，学习国外先进的科学技术。
3．传播各民族间的不同文化。1．年纪小，缺乏生活经验，自立能力差。2．情感孤独，思乡。
3．生活学习费用高。
注意：1．第一句已为你写好，不计入总词数。
2．词数不少于120字
3．参考词汇：媒介，中间人mediator
In recent years, studying abroad has been popular．Tens of thousands of Chinese students have gone to foreign countries to study．Many people are trying their best to apply to apply to go abroad.
There are many advantages in attending schools abroad．First, students who have studied abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures．Second, we can learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries．Third, we can learn much foreign languages more quickly.
However, there are some disadvantages．Most of the students are too young to live alone without any living experience．Besides, being far away from their home country, they may feel lonely and homesick．Also, of course, the costs are much higher there than at home．In spite of theses, advantages are more than disadvantages．In my opinion, it is advisable to attend schools abroad.
2009年6月，江苏省教育厅做出决定：严禁中小学利用暑假和双休日补课。引起了社会各界强烈的反响。请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语给某报社写一封信。
赞同的观点反对的观点
1、中小学生的睡眠时间可以得到
保证，有充沛的精力投入学习；
2、有利于他们自我发展；
3、可以利用休息日，参与一些社
区服，增强公共服务意识；
（……）1、中小学生缺乏自控力，不善于合理安排空余时间；
2、上课时间少会导致成绩差。目前的考试体制不变，学生难以应付这种激烈的竞争；（……）
你的感想: ……
注意：1、信必须对所给要点逐一陈述，可作适当发挥；至少表达2点个人感想；信的内容不能涉及
考生姓名和所在班级。
2、词数150左右。开头已写好，不计入总词数。
Dear editor,
I’m writing to tell you about the different attitudes towards the newly decision announced.
In June, 2009, the Education Department of Jiangsu Province made a decision that giving lessons during the summer vacation and weekends should be banned in middle and primary school.
Many people support this decision. They think the measures based on it will ensure the students in middle and primary schools sleeping hours so that they can be energetic enough to study effectively during weekdays. Meanwhile, they have more chances for self-development. In addition, they can participate in community work, strengthen their awareness of public service.
However, some are against it. They complain the students lack self-control to arrange their free time properly. They believe less class time may result in low grades since the present examination system hasn’t been changed, they are difficult to cope with such fierce competition without extra lessons.
Personally, the decision is quite good. Before the decision was issued, in order to get good marks in the entrance examinations, most of our weekends or holidays were taken up with extra lessons, which happened in almost all high schools. We students suffered both physically and mentally. Anyhow, we badly need a balance between study and relaxation.
考点3：解决办法性作文
How to….
How to Narrow the Generation Gap
As we approach adulthood, we often find that we think differently from our parents on a number of issues. Such differences are called generation gap. Some people argue that the gap is enviable, but I hold the opinion the gap can be narrowed if both our parents and we try.
First of all, we should often communicate with our parents. We can tell them what we are thinking of, what we are worried about, or what we are puzzled at.
At the same time, parents should have tolerance of our imperfection. As is known to all, no one can avoid making mistakes and no one can always get the best results.
Last but not least, parents and we should respect each other. Thus, the family will live in harmony and thrive.
In brief, if parents and we can do what have been mentioned above, generation gap can be undoubtedly narrowed.
假设你校举行题为“网吧的危害（Harmful Influence of Cyber Centers）”的征文活动。请根据下图写一篇英语短文，描述图中的内容，并就其反映的现象发表评论和提出方案。
要点提示：
1．一位父亲在找儿子；2．街上满是网吧；
3．儿子在网吧玩；4．描述网吧多的现状；
5．网吧的危害（评论）；6．解决方案；
注意1．词数：100左右；2．可适当增添细节，以使行文连贯；
3．文中不可使用真实姓名和学校名称；
4．参考词汇：网吧:cyber center。
As we can see in the picture, a father is anxiously looking for
his son addicted to online games．It seems that he has great trouble
finding the boy because the street is full of cyber centers and he hardly knows in which one his son is enjoying games．
Nowadays, more and more cyber centers are being opened under cover of improving intelligence．In
reality, these are places where large numbers of teenagers run into online chat or games and can rarely be pulled out．In my opinion, serious measures should be taken to red uce the number of cyber centers as well as to help teenagers develop some other hobbies which do them good．
近来，“光盘行动”悄然流行，这一行动引导崇尚节约、反对浪费的社会风气。其实在我们的校园生活中也存在一些浪费现象。请简述几个浪费现象，并就如何厉行节约、反对浪费，谈谈你的看法和建议。
注意：l.文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。
2.词数为120字左右。（开头已写好，不计入总词数。）
Recently，“clear your plate” campaign is more and more popular in society, which advocates saving against wasting. The campaign draws our attention to wasting on campus. Some students are noticed to throw away a lot of food in the canteen. As is often the case, some lights are still on with nobody in classrooms. What’s more, many a student spends much money buying unnecessary items.
As far as I am concerned, it’s high time that we fought against wasting. Here are my suggestions. Firstly, I think our school should carry out various activities to arouse students’ awareness of saving. Secondly, relevant rules and regulations are supposed to be made to punish those who waste things. Most importantly, we should form the habit of saving from now, from ourselves. It is everyone’s duty to save resources.
考点4：演讲稿
光盘行动
“光盘行动”书面表达（三）
最近的一项调査显示，我国每年餐桌上浪费的食物髙达2000亿元,相当于2亿多人一年的口粮.近日，某英语报以Join in the “Clean Your Plate”Campaign为题向中学生征文。请根据提示,用英语写一篇短文应征。内容包括:浪费的原因；浪费的后果；你的看法和措施。
注意：
1.短文的标题和开头已给出;不计入总词数；
2.可根据提示和内容要点适当发挥；
3.词数120左右。
参考词汇：资源resource;.剩菜leftovers
写作分析（内容要点）：
1、浪费的原因；
2、浪费的后果；
3、对“光盘”行动的看法；
4、对“光盘”行动所采取的措施。
参考范文：
Join in the“Clean Your Plate” Campaign
We often see people waste food because either they order too much for their meals, or the food is not delicious enough to their tastes. A survey indicates each year China wastes 200 billion Yuan worth of food, which is enough to feed over 200 million people.
Food waste means wasting money as well as wasting precious resources. When food is thrown away, it becomes rub bish which can be harmful to the environment and people’s health.
In my opinion,It’s meaningful to join in the “Clean Your Plate”Campaign, which helps us realize how difficult it is for a grain of rice to come on our plate an how important it is to save food. Therefore, It’s wise to order a proper amount of food for our meals.
If there’re leftovers, it’s better to take them home for later use. To save food, we should start with ourselves and start from now.
2015年高考英语作文类型及范文背诵
一、看现象，讲道理
1．世博期间，上万的志愿者参加志愿工作，请你谈谈此现象的看法。
During the period of holding the World Expo in Shanghai, tens of thousands of citizens are participating in volunteer work, hoping to devote themselves to the grand occasion. As far as I am concerned, everyone ought to enter for it. Here are the reasons I want to mention.
It can be argued that the advantages of doing unpaid volunteer work are enormous, because volunteer work is actually a two-way street. First of all, volunteer work should always benefit people who need help. Those who need help will feel happier due to our immediate help. On the other hand, as far as the young people ourselves are concerned, we have more opportunities to develop the sense of responsibility, independence as well as interpersonal skills in the process of helping others.
Through this kind of work, we become confident and mature. In addition, we can make many friends and increase our chances of getting the jobs of our dreams. Furthermore, volunteer work plays an active role in building up a harmonious society.
In a word, compared with the merits of volunteer work offered by the young adults, the demerits of that are just a few though they cannot be overlooked. The youth volunteers do make a difference by the voluntary work! Why not join them and do something for our country?
2．你班将组队参加学校组织的集体舞比赛(group dancing competition)，班长希望大家积极参与。对此谈谈你的想法。
你的文章必须包括以下内容：
你是否会参加比赛
你做出该决定的具体理由
Version 1：
A group dancing competition will be held in our school and the monitor calls on everybody to take an active part in it. While most of my classmates are still hesitating whether to participate, I have said yes to our monitor with great pleasure.
Generally speaking, there are two reasons for my decision. First, i t is a good opportunity for me to relax myself, which will enable me to study more efficiently. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy, so goes the saying, which clearly shows us the importance of relaxation. Besides, I think I am a good dancer after learning dance for more than five years. Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contributions to the class.
For the two reasons mentioned above, it is no surprise that I have such a strong enthusiasm on the group dancing competition.
二、标题作文
1．以“诚实是美德”(Honesty Is a Virtue)为题写一篇短文。短文的内容需包括：
1. 列举社会上的某些不诚实行为
2. 谈谈你对对不诚实行为的看法
3. 议论一下“诚实是美德”
What is honesty? Honesty means speaking the truth and being fair and upright in act. Considered a virtue, honesty is admired in every country and every culture.
However, there are still some dishonest people living in this world. Some people try to take advantage of other people whenever they can. Some businessmen are not always honest in their dealings. Some students are caught cheating over exams and punished to leave school. Some newspapers carry some untrue news just in order to attract more readers.
Actually, being dishonest is generally looked upon as an evil, and is despised and condemned by the society. But being an honest person, we can benefit a lot. First, we can have s peaceful life, for we will not have the burden of remembering every lie we have told. Second, being an honest person, we can be trusted by other people and have more friends, which will do good to our lives.
I do believe honesty is a virtue which is the only key to open the door to the success in our careers and lives.
So let’s be honest and make this world more beautiful.
三、信件类文章申请信
1．你校在为一批来自加拿大的交流学生(exchange students) 征寻为期两周的住宿家庭。假定你叫李宏，写一封信给校长申请接待加拿大交流学生。信的内容需包括：
1. 说明你申请的理由
2. 你家所具备的接待条件
Dear Principal,
My name is Li Hong and I’m a senior three student. I have learned that our school is seeking some students’ families which can offer proper two-week accommodations for exchange students from Canada. I think my family meets the requirements.
In order to improve my oral English, I have been looking for the opportunity to communicate with native speakers of English. Receiving exchange students is a wonderful chance for me.
My parents and I are now living in a flat with three bedrooms and two living rooms. So we have a spare room for one or two exchange students. My mother is a warn-hearted woman who likes kids very much and is quite good at cooking. We will prepare a lot of delicious traditional Chinese food for the ex change students and I’ll show them my collections of stamps and coins. And we will also chat with them about the different cultures and customs of the two countries.
I believe they will have a good time in my family and hope that you will give me the chance.
I’d appreciate it if you could consider my application.
Sincerely Yours
Li Hong
四、记叙文The reason why...is that...
1．描述一位你所尊敬的并与你关系极为密切的人。你的描述必须包括：
1.他/她是谁？
2.你的尊敬他/她的原因。
3.举至少一个具体事例。
My mother is always the one I respect most. She is the first guide of my life, and the pillar of our family.
Once in my childhood, I desired so much to look beautiful. Mother told me," Vanity is a crime. Beauty is only skin-deep." She then bought me lots of interesting books, from fairy tales to collections of essays. From time to time, she took me to travel with her in the country and open my eyes to so many new things, which I would not have otherwise seen.
Mother devotes most of her time and energy to our family. Immediately after coming back from work every work，she keeps herself busy around the apartment, cleaning, washing and cooking. Our happiness is her greatest joy; our achievements are her greatest pride. We can never forget how bravely she acted the day Grandma passed away.
My respect for Mother grows with time. She is my most beloved person in the world.
SCI科技论文写作常用句型大全
S C I科技论文写作常用 句型大全 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998
一．好的论文题目是成功的一半 好的论文，每一个部分都需要精雕细琢。我们先来看看Science, Nature 子刊上用的都是些什么题目，到底这些题目暗含哪些玄机以下是从2016年发表的论文中随机挑选的一些题目，我将其做了一下简单的分类： 1. Water splitting–biosynthetic system with CO2reduction efficiencies exceeding photosynthesis. (Science, 2016, 352, 1210) 类似: Scalable water splitting on particulate photocatalyst sheets with a solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency exceeding1%(Nature Materials 2016,15,611-615) 这种题目适合哪类文章适合于那种性能极其显着的文章（可以创纪录的文章），比如说Nocera et al. 的Science, 2016, 352, 1210，直接与光合作用进行对比，给人的震撼是非常强的。这种对比效果能够一下子抓住人们的眼球，吸引着读者进行阅读。 要点：使用这样的题目首先你的实验结果得够牛，你对于实验结果要足够自信，对于背景知识的了解得要足够深。因为取这样的题目意味着你要真正达到了某一个高度。如果明明有很多大海在那里，你个小池塘和小水坑进行比较，那么会闹笑话的。。。
公文写作常用词汇和句子--最全
公文常用句子 1、请认真贯彻执行（落实）、请认真组织落实、请遵照执行。 2、经研究，现将有关事宜通知如下： 3、如无不妥，请批复实施；特此请示，请审示；妥否，请 批示 4、县区也要成立相应的领导小组，主要领导同志负责抓； 办公室设在。。。，？兼任办公室主任。 5、认真落实科学发展观 6、要确保党和国家的各项方针政策落到实处。 7、把….作为重要的目标考核内容；实行环保工作行政首长 负责制，对本辖区内发生重大环境污染问题实行一票否 决制 8、要逐步建立起群众参与、专家论证、政府决定的行政决 策机制。 9、给省、政府写报告，讲意义的话不要。 10、领导小组成员单位、责任单位等，要根据责任大小、承 担任务轻重、考核成绩得分多少、约定俗成等先后顺序，不能随意。市直单位，按照先市委、后市政府顺序。
11、经济又好又快发展。 12、市政府责成市环保局。。。 13、“我市”第一人称少用，用“全市” 14、创新工作方式，扎实推进。。。工作 15、科学谋划、精心准备、着力开展。。。 16、加强。。。管理，建立起。。。的常态化管理 17、各部门要相互协作，形成解决。。。问题的合力 18、进一步加强、加大、优化。。。 19、涌现出一批先进典型，我们要以争先创优，十万党员进 农村为契机，。。。。。 20、显著提高、明显改善、再创新的佳绩、进一步调整优化、 大力发展。。。进一步探索完善。。。常态化管理机制 21、促进、推动。。。上新台阶 22、极力打造阳光政府、廉洁政府 23、抓好。。。突出一个“先”字 24、既是对工作的肯定，也是对我们的鞭策 25、总体向好，问题不少。 26、成绩属于过去，未来仍任重道远。 27、夯实
写作经典句型100句
1.英语作为全球语言的发展是20世纪末和21世纪初最为瞩 目的现象之一。 2.最近几年，关于国家之间的贸易活动的争论已经被明显快 速扩展的进口激化了。 3.由于健康和生活条件的改善，人类寿命快速延长，这是21 世纪所有发达国家的一个特征。 4.媒体自由是否应该被限制是一个被激烈争论的话题，支持 者和反对者之间的争论一直没有平息。 5.最近几年，人们已经对不加控制的汽车尾气排放的严重影 响表示了关注。 6.就市民个人是否应该获得他们正在享受的医疗保健和教育 服务而言，存在很大争议。 7.随着世纪的不断发展，女性权益和女性在当今社会的角色 已经得到更大的重视。 8.对于很多教育者而言，如何将聪明学生的才华开发到极限 是一个有趣的问题。 9.在这几年里，没有什么话题可以像围绕保护动物的争论那 样吸引如此之多的注意。 10.在过去大约20年的时间里，贫富之间的差距这一话题受到 无休止的争论。 11.电视暴力是否导致现实生活中的暴力行为这一问题是许多 研究的主题。
12.在最近几年里，体育运动员和艺人高收入的持续曝光已经 引起社会上对这些名人价值的新的讨论。 13.与此相反的意见是动物保护是耗费时间和徒劳无益的。 14.我认为艺术的角色是不可或缺的，虽然它对社会的影响并 不总是显而易见的。 15.我认为，环境保护是我们保持经济持续发展所做努力的主 要部分。 16.我认为在那些最需要解决的问题上花更多的人力、物力， 这是很明显的。 17.我认为政府比公司更有可能减少或者避免一些在科学研究 中不道德的行为。 18.就个人来说，我觉得关于工业化是好是坏、是福是祸的争 论是不会有结果的。 19.我觉得私人企业和政府之间的合作关系可以产生理想的效 果。 20.我支持培训孩子的独立意识是老师和父母的基本任务之一 这一观点。 21.这篇短文的目的是描述一些导致女性在高等教育中比例过 低的因素。 22.没有足够的证据证明基因在一个人的成长或行为上占据最 重要地位。 23.一个人的犯罪行为有可能是他们的基因背景和成长环境的
高考英语作文写作常用的47种高级句型
高考英语作文写作常用的47种高级句型 1) 主语+ cannot emphasize the importance of …too much.(再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。)例如：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 2)There is no need for sb to do sth.\ for sth.(某人没有必要做……)，例如：There is no need for you to bring more food. 不需你拿来更多的食物了。 3)By +doing…，主语can …. (借着……，……能够……)，例如：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。 4) …enable + sb.+ to + do…. (……使……能够……)，例如：Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。 5) On no account can we + do…. (我们绝对不能……)，例如：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。 6) What will happen to sb.? (某人将会怎样?), 例如：What will happen to the orphan? 那个孤儿将会怎样?
7)For the past + 时间，主语+ 现在完成式…. (过去……年来，……一直……)例如： For the past two years，I have been busy preparing for the examination. 过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。 8)It pays to + do….(……是值得的。)例如：It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。 9)主语+ be based on….(以……为基础)，例如：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。 10)主语+ do one’s best to do….(尽全力去……)，例如：We should do our best to achieve our goal in life.我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标注意：“尽全力”在英语中有不同表达，例如：We should spare no effort/make every effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。 11)主语+ be closely related to …. (与……息息相关)，例如：Taking exercise is closely related to health.做运动与健康息息相关。
英文科技论文写作常用句式
在这篇文章中，我们说明（介绍）了一种……方法 In this work ,we address the problem of +doing sth In this paper , we propose the ... 在这一章节，我们介绍…… In this section , we present ... We demonstrate out algorithm on two tasks : A被认为是B A can be regarded as B 为了这个目的，我们提出了A To this end ,we propose A. 在样本的……和……上都很有效 make effective use of both ...and ...among samples. 当应用到……中的时候When applied to... 通过将……和……结合起来，…… By combining ...and ... , .... A是B中的一个基本问题之一A is one of the fundamental problems in B 目的在于…… Its goal is to do ... We aim at doing... Our target is ... Our basic notion is to do... 为了达到……的目的To achieve ... To achieve this , 因为……，做什么是困难的 As .... , it is very difficult to do .... As..., ir is usually hard to ... Due to ... e.g.:As the variance of object shape and color within an object class can be large,it is very difficult to obtain class-specific features that can describe the object class accurately. 就这点而言，…… In this regard, ... 一方面来说，……，另一方面来说，……On the one hand , ... , on the other hand , ... 1
英语专八写作经典句型20例
英语专八写作经典句型20例 一、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much. （再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。） 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more +形容词+ than to + V 例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。 三、~~~ the + ~ est +名词+ (that) +主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) ~~~ the most +形容词+名词+ (that) +主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) 例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。 Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 张老师是我以前遇到最仁慈的教师。 四、There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...） 例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. 不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
英语专四作文写作常用句型大全：引导句
英语专四作文写作常用句型大全：引导句 2 When It comes to..., some people think / believethat.... Others argue / claim that the opposite /reverse is true. There Is probably some truth in both arguments /statements , but.... 2.1 When it comes to international sport such as theOlympic Games and the World Cup soccer game,some people believe that it creates goodwillbetween the nations and that if countries play gamestogether they will learn to live together. Others saythat the opposite is true: that international contests encourage false national pride and lead inmisunderstanding and hatred. There is probably a little bit of truth in both arguments, but inrecent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourageinternational brotherhood. 当说到国际体育比赛，诸如奥林匹克运动会和世界杯足球赛，有些人认为 它能增进国与国之间的友善。如果许多国家在一起比赛交流，他们就会知道怎 么一起生活。但另一些人则持相反的观点。他们认为国际体育竞赛只会造成虚 假的民族自豪感，导致相互间的误解和仇恨。这两种观点可能都有点道理，但 是从最近几年的奥林匹克运动会来看，很少能证明体育运动可以增进国与国之 间的友好感情。 2.2 In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to livelonger than in the past. Yet when it comes to the desirability of extending the life of theterminally ill, some people, including some doctors, say that the quality of life is as important aslife itself, and that people should in be forced to go on living when the conditions of life havebecome unbearable. They argue that people should be allowed to die with dignity and decidewhen they want to die. However those who are in favor of life-extending measures argue thatlife under any circumstances is better than death and that the duty of doctors is always toextend life as long as possible. There is probably some truth on both sides, but recently thepublic clamor for the legalization of voluntary euthanasia seem increasingly strong. 在最近几十年，医学技术的进步使得人类有可能比过去活得长了。但是当 论及延长一个无可挽救、濒临死亡的人的生命是否必要时，有些人，包括有些 医生认为生命的质量和生命本身同样重要;当病情已变得不堪忍受了，就不应迫使这些人再活下去。他们坚持说应允许一个人尊严地死去，允许他们决定什么 时候死。但是赞成采取延长生命的方法的人认为在任何情况下生总比死好;一个医生的责任就是尽可能延长一个人的生命。或许双方都有点道理，但是最近公 众要求对自愿安乐死合法化的呼声似乎越来越高。
英语学术论文写作常用句型
英语学术论文常用句型 Beginning 1. In this paper, we focus on the need for 2. This paper proceeds as follow. 3. The structure of the paper is as follows. 4. In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts 5. To begin with we will provide a brief background on the Introduction 1. This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature of the problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membership functions are defined. 2. Details on xx and xx are discussed in later sections. 3. In the next section, after a statement of the basic problem, various situations involving possibility knowledge are investigated: first, an entirely possibility model is proposed; then the cases of a fuzzy service time with stochastic arrivals and non fuzzy service rule is studied; lastly, fuzzy service rule are considered. Review 1. This review is followed by an introduction. 2. A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx and xxx is presented in Section 2. 3. In the next section, a brief review of the .... is given. 4. In the next section, a short review of ... is given with special regard to ... 5. Section 2 reviews relevant research related to xx. 6. Section 1.1 briefly surveys the motivation for a methodology of action, while 1.2 looks at the difficulties posed by the complexity of systems and outlines the need for development of possibility methods. Body 1. Section 1 defines the notion of robustness, and argues for its importance. 2. Section 1 devoted to the basic aspects of the FLC decision making logic. 3. Section 2 gives the background of the problem which includes xxx 4. Section 2 discusses some problems with and approaches to, natural language understanding.
公文写作老笔杆子总结出的公文写作常用句式
强调工作的重要性 句式1：……历来高度重视……工作。……，实行一系列更直接、更有力的……措施。……认真贯彻落实……决策，保护和调动了……积极性，……呈现出良好的发展局面。……出现重要转机，……实现较快增长，……迈出重大步伐，……取得新的进展。这对促进……发展和保持……稳定发挥了至关重要的作用。但必须清醒地看到，……依然是……的薄弱环节，……的状况并没有改变，……机制并没有建立，……的深层次矛盾并没有消除，……的局面并没有根本改观，……仍然处在艰难的爬坡和攻坚阶段，……的任务非常艰巨。 句式2：……的总体要求是：认真贯彻……精神，全面落实……，坚持……方略，坚持……的方针，稳定、完善和强化……，切实加强……，继续……，进一步……努力实现……促进……全面发展。 句式3：……必须继续采取……措施。当前和今后一个时期，要把……作为一项重大而紧迫的战略任务，切实抓紧抓好。这既是……的物质基础，又是……的必要条件；既是……的迫切需要，又是……的战略选择；既是……的重大举措，又是实现……的重要保障。抓住了这个重点，就抓住了……的关键；把握了这个环节，就把握了……
的根本；做好了这项工作，就为……打下了坚实的基础。要进一步调动……的积极性和……的积极性，以……为基础，以……为重点，以……为支撑，以……为保障，力争经过……的努力，使……明显改善，……明显提高，……明显增强。 句式4：坚持把…………作为……工作的重中之重，摆到……各项工作首位。这是……对……认识的深化，是……工作部署和安排的科学选择，也是做好……的重要保证。我们要站在………全局的高度，站在……的高度，进一步加深对……极端重要性的认识，强化对……工作的领导，提高解决……问题的能力。 句式5：坚持以……为本，把……作为……工作的立足点。以……为本体现在……工作中，最重要的就是要实现好、维护好、发展好……的物质利益和民主权利。这既是做好……工作之根，也是解决……问题之本；既是……之基，也是……之源。解决好……问题的核心和……的关键，是……。……是制定政策、做好……工作的基本出发点。 句式6：总之，……，是……和……的结合点，是解决当前矛盾和促进长远发展的结合点。既有利于……，又有利于……；既能
SCI 论文写作从摘要到结论的常用模板句式
Abstract 一、在摘要中直接提出论文主题的句型和句式 1、In this paper, we present a … approach to … 本文提出了一种针对…的…方法。 2、In this paper, we describe improved … models for … 本文介绍几种针对…的改进的…模型。 3、We propose a new … model and … algorithm that enables us to … 我们提出一种新的…模型和…算法，它让我们能够… 4、We present a … model that enables … 我们提出了一种…模型，它使我们能够… 5、This paper demonstrates the ability of … to perform robust and accurate … 本文证明了…进行…可靠准确的…的能力。 6、In this paper we report results of a … approach to … 本文报导了…的…方法的实验结果。 7、This paper demonstrates that … can effectively … with very high accuracy. 本文证明，…能够有效地准确地… 8、The purpose/goal/intention/objective/object/emphasis/aim of this paper is … 本文的目的是… 9、The primary/chief/overall/main object of this study is to survey … 本研究的首要目标是考察… 10、The chief aim of this paper/research/study/experiment/the present work is … 本文的主要目标是… 11、 The emphasis of this study lies in … 我们的研究重点是… 12、The work presented in this paper focuses on … 本文所述工作重点放在… 13、Our goal has been to provide …
英文文章写作常用开头句式
1) When asked about…, the vast /overwhelming majority of/ most/many/ quite a few people say/ think/ believe/ answer that…, but… 当被问及……时，多数（大多数、许多）人认为（回答）……，但是…… 2)Nowadays, it is commonly/ widely/ generally believed/ thought/ held that…, but I wonder/ doubt that… 如今，人们普遍认为……，但是我怀疑…… 3) When it comes to……, some think/ hold/ believe… 当提及……时，有人认为…… 4) Depending on personal experience, personality type and emotional concern, we find that some people hold the idea of…, whild others prefer… 基于个人经历、个性类型和情感关注的不同，我们发现有人持……的观点，而另外一些人则更喜欢…… 5) It has become apparent to us that… 对我们来说，……已经变得很明显。 6) There is a public/ general debate/ controversy/ discussion today/ nowadays on/ over/ as to the problem/ issue of… 如今，有一场关于……问题的公开的（普遍的）讨论（争论）。 7) With the rapid growth of…, … have/ has become increasingly important in our daily life.https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0813237004.html, 随着……的快速增长，……在日常生活中已经变得越来越重要。 8) Recently the issue/ problem/ question/ of… ha s been brought into focus/ brought to public attention/ in the limelight/ posed among the general public. 近来，……的问题已经成为人们关注的焦点。 9) N ow there is a growing awareness/ recognition of the necessity to… 如今，人们愈发意识到……的重要性。 10) Nothing/ Few things/ No idea is/ are more/ as foolish/ dangerous/ undesirable/ basic/ essential than/ as… which is widely/ commonly/ generally held by… 普遍认为，没什么能比……更愚蠢（危险、不合时宜、基本、有必要）/没有什么
公文常用词语汇释
公文常用词语汇释表 按语：领导机关转发下级来文来函，对其文函有所说明、评议或要求时，就在文函前面以“按（按语）……”的形式加写一段文字，这就是一般所说的公文按语。多用天通报、简报、调查报告、经验介绍和转发有现实指导意义的人民群从众来信。 按照：依据照办，表示某项公务是依据某一要求办理的。如：“按照市委的要求，开展了‘反盗窃’的宣传活动。” 颁布：公布、发布。多出现在命令、令等指令性文体中，用以公布条例、规定、守则、办法、制度等法规性文件。例如《关于颁布〈公路管理暂行办法〉的令》。: 背景：主要指问题的原委和问题的提出。 必须：言明这样做是非常必要的，属指令性中吻，以示只得这样，不得违反。多用于通知、通报、指示、命令等指令性文体的主张部分，例如：“必须坚决执行国务院关于……的规定” 部署：安排部署，多用以表示某一重要工作已经做了传达贯彻和安排布置，如“接到中办发［2000］57号文件后，我们及时向下做了部署”。 参照：表示某些做法有可借鉴之处，希望别人加以参考与仿照，此语用于上级批转下级来文时的结尾处，与执行相连一并使用，例如：“现将＊＊＊（下级机关）《关于＊＊＊的报告》转发给你们，请参照执行。” 呈请：向上级呈报请3gr螺杆泵示事宜。例如“此题事关重大，将我们
的意见呈请上级批准后再予以答复。” 承蒙：得到的意思。多用于便函的结尾用语，例如：“承蒙贵校大力协助，特表示谢意。” 此复：指答复给你这些内容，主要用于批复和复函的结尾，另起一行，空两格写“此复”。 此令：指令这些内空，主要ZYB型系列渣油泵用于命令、令的结尾，另起一行，空两格写“此令”。 存查：保存起来，以备查阅。 第一手材料：指通过调查和亲身实践所获得的直接材料。 段旨：即段落的中心内容。 对：公文中常用的介词之一，主要用以表明对象、范围。例如：“对因上当受骗而给国家造成重大经济损失的单位，必须追究其领导的责任。” 对于：公文中常用的介词之一，主要用于表明对象、范围。例如：“各级政法部门，对于那些重大投机诈骗分子，一定要依法从严从重惩处。”( _ 发布：公开发表、宣布。公文写YHB润滑齿轮泵作中多用于命令、令、指示及各种法规（如条例、规定等）的前面，从而组成动宾结构。 防止：防范住。公文中的祈使用语。多用于指示、通知的今后意见和要求部分及“灾害”、“事故”、“案件”的发生等词语前面。如：“坚决防止重大灾害事故的发生。”& 分块式：公文外在表现形式之一。即全篇公文分为几大部分，每部分
考研写作经典句型100句
简单句： 1.高等教育如今是终身教育的核心 部分和知识社会的基础。 High education is now the core portion of the whole life education and the basis of knowledge society. 2.人口的老龄化和出生率的降低给 国内就业市场带来了严重的问题。The increase of the old and decrease of birth bring serious problems to domestic employment market 3.科技的发展可以使我们更有效率 地使用自然资源以及维持经济增
长。 4.近来，人们已经对不加控制的汽车 尾气排放的严重影响表示了关注。 5.一个慷慨的福利系统未必可以保 证给所有生活在贫困中的人带来 经济保障。 6.在过去大约20年的时间里，贫富 之间的差距这一话题受到无休止 的争论。 7.老师的使命之一是帮助学生开拓 新的视角并为实现社会和学术目 标而努力。 8.最近几年，关于国家之间的贸易活 动的争论已经被快速扩展的进口 激化了。
9.在这几年里，没有什么话题像围绕 保护动物的争论那样吸引如此多的注意。 10.在当今社会，体育运动员和艺 人高收入的持续曝光已经引起了社会上对这些名人价值的新的讨论。 介词状语： 11.在建筑外观上，设计师很容易 与建筑的业主以及未来租户想法不一致。 12.通过收取赋税和路费，政府可 以使私人和公共交通之间达到平衡。 13.作为房屋短缺的一个直接后
果，过度拥挤已经成为最严重的社会问题之一。 14.作为一门全球语言，英语的发 展是20世纪末和21世纪初最为瞩目的现象之一。 15.随着世纪的不断发展，女性权 益和女性在当今社会的角色已经得到更大的重视。 16.对于很多教育者而言，如何将 聪明学生的才华开发到极限是一个有趣的问题。 分词状语： 17.现代广告业是都市工业文明的 核心部分，反映了当代生活最好和最坏的方面。
英语观点类作文写作经典句型
提出观点 1. When asked about..., most people say... But many other people regard...as... I personally think... 当被问及对......有什么看法时，大多数人认为......但是，还有很多人认为......我个人认为...... 2. When it comes to..., some people think that... Others argue that the opposite is true. There is probably some truth to both arguments, but... 涉及......这一问题，有的人认为应该......另一些人持相反意见。也许双方的观点都有一定道理，但是...... 3. It is widely acknowledged that...contributed to... Experts argue that China must introduce... But I doubt whether...alone will solve the problem。 人们普遍认为......专家认为中国必须推行......但我对仅仅......就能解决问题表示怀疑。 4. An increasing number of people are joining... In reaction to the phenomenon, some say... But do they realize that...can also lead to... 越来越多的人......进入了......针对这一现象，一些人认为......但是，他们有没有意识到......也能导致...... 5. One of the pressing problem facing our nation (China) today is...and... 我们国家(中国)如今面临的紧迫问题之一是...... 6. Perhaps the most dangerous phenomenon gripping the nation today is... 也许当今困扰国家的最危险的现象是...... 7. Never before in history has the issue of...been more evident than now。 历史上，......的问题从来没有比现在更加突出。 8. Perhaps it is time to reexamine the idea that... 也许现在是应该重新考虑......的时候了。 9. A growing number of people are beginning to realize that...is not the sole prerequisite for happiness。 越来越多的人开始意识到......并不是幸福的惟一条件。 10. Years of observing human behavior has enabled me to conclude that the major difference between...and...lies solely with... 对人们行为的多年观察使我能够得出这样的结论：......和......的主要区别仅仅在于...... 11. There has been undesirable trend in recent years towards... A recent survey showed that...percent of respondents ranked...as their top priority, compared to...percent only a few years ago. Why do people fail to realize that...? 近年来出现了对社会有害的......倾向。最近的一项调查表明，......的调查对象把......作为他们的首选，相比之下，就在几年前，只有......的人这样想。为什么人们没能意识到......不一定带来幸福呢？ 12. I recently read a newspaper article on... The deplorable problem of...has aroused public concern nationwide。 最近，我在报纸上读到一篇关于......的文章。......的问题令人深感遗憾，它已经引起了全国公众的关注。 13. Judging from the reams of evidence presented, we can safely conclude that... 根据现有的大量证据，我们可以有把握地得出这样的结论：...... 14.Along with the development of..., more and more... 随着......的发展，越来越多......
3、SCI 论文写作的万能句型
SCI 论文写作的万能句型(二) 1. A considerable amount of literature has been published on X. These studies ...... 2. There is a large volume of published studies describing the role of ...... 3. The first serious discussions and analyses of X emerged during the 1970s with ...... 4. The generalisability of much published research on this issue is problematic. 5. What we know about X is largely based upon empirical studies that investigate how ...... 6. During the past 30 years much more information has become available on ...... 7. In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of literature on ....... 8. A large and growing body of literature has investigated ...... 参考文献：以往研究或学术活动相关文献 1. Many historians have argued that ...... (eg. Jones, 1987; Johnson, 1990; Smith, 1994) 2. Numerous studies have attempted to explain ..... (for example, Smith , 1996; Kelly, 1998; Johnson, 2002) ?3. Recent evidence suggests that ....... (Smith, 1996; Jones 1999; Johnson, 2001) 4. Recently, in vitro studies have shown that T.thermophylus EFTu can ...... (Patel et al., 1997;Jones et al., 1998). 5. Surveys such as that conducted by Smith (1988) have shown that ...... 6. Several attempts have been made to ....... (Smith, 1996; Jones 1999; Johnson, 2001) 7. Several studies have revealed that it is not just X that acts on ...... (Smith, 1996; Jones ....... 8. Several biographies of Harris have been published. Smith presents an ........ account, whilst Jones ..... 9. Several studies investigating X have been carried out on ...... 10. Data from several sources have identified the increased morbidity and mortality associated with obesity 11. Previous studies have reported ...... (Smith, 1985; Jones, 1987; Johnson, 1992). 12. Previous research findings into X have been inconsistent and contradictory (Smith, 1996; Jones 1999, ...... 13. A number of studies have found that ...... (Smith , 2003; Jones, 2004). 14. Twenty cohort study analyses have examined the relationship between ....... 15. At least 152 case-control studies worldwide have examined the relationship between...... 16. Other studies have considered the relationship ...... 17. The relationship between X and Y has been widely investigated (Smith, 1985; Jones, 1987, ....... 18. The causes of X have been widely investigated (Jones, 1987; Johnson, 1990; Smith, 1994).