新版8A Unit 3知识点及练习

Unit 3知识点

1. be going to +动词原形，一般将来时，表示打算或计划做某事。be随句子主语的人称和数量变化而变化。

e.g. We’re going to buy a new TV tomorrow.

He is giong to play football with his friends this Sunday.

2. exercise 意为“锻炼、训练、练习”

（1）做动词：You don’t exercise enough.

(2) 做名词：作“练习”和“早操”讲，是可数名词

e.g. If you want to improve your English,you must do more exercises.

They do morning exercises every morning.

3. need 意为“需要”，可作实义动词和情态动词

（1）实义动词：need + 名词/动词不定式

e.g. I need much more money.

You’re too fat, you need to exercise.

need + v.ing形式时表示被动意义

e.g. The flowers need watering.

Your clothes need washing.

(2) need 做情态动词时，不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语；在句中放

在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前；疑问句中, 则在主语之

前。多用在否定句或疑问句中；无人称和数的变化；否定式构成是在后面

加 "not"。

e.g. You need not attend the meeting tomorrow.

You didn't need to tell him the news; it just made him sad.

needn't + have + 过去分词表示“过去做了没必要做的事情。”

You needn't have taken it seriously.

这件事情你不必太认真。

4. come on 的用法

（1）用来请求、激励、劝说时，意为“来吧”，如：

Come on, Lucy. Don’t be so shy.

Come on, you can do it .

(2) 用来催促别人快走/做…时，意为“快点”，如：

Come on, it’s getting dark.

Come on, Mr Wang is waiting.

(3) 用来表示责备和不耐烦，意为“得了吧，行了，够了”，如：

Come on, don’t sit there dreaming.

(4) 用于体育竞赛等场合激励队友时，意为“加油”，如：

Come on, Come on,！

（5）用于挑战或激怒对方时，意为“来吧，试试吧，好吧”，如：

Come on, I’m not afraid of you.

5. enjoy onesflf 意为“玩的开心”，相当于have a good/great/wonderful time 或者have fun.

onesflf是反身代词，它包括ourselves我们自己；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；

themselves他/它/她们自己； itself它自己；himself他自己；herself她自己；myself 我自己

e.g. They enjoyed themselves during the holiday.

拓展：enjoy sth./doing sth.,相当于like

e.g. My little sister enjoys reading picture books.

6. take a boat trip 意为“乘船旅行”。常用词组take a bus/taxi/plane to someplace

tour指的是在各处作短暂停留的长距离旅行。

trip(休闲或公事等的)短途旅行

travel到远方去或长期旅行

journey较正式的用语；通常指有预定地点的长途旅行。

7. take care 意为“保重”或者“小心”

e.g. Take care not to hurt yoursel

f.

拓展：take care of = look after

8. invite sb. to do sth. 意为“邀请某人做某事”

e.g. I invited him to join our club.

Invite sb. to sp. 意为“邀请某人去某地”

e.g. Amy invited me to her birthday party.

9. join 意为“加入、参加”，表示加入某个组织、党派或社会团体从而成为其成员。

e.g. join the pioneer 加入少先队join the army 参军

join in 也是“加入、参加”，多指参加比赛或活动

e.g. Why didn’t you join in the talk last night?

10. beginning 意为“开始、开端、起点”。from beginning to end 自始至终

at the beginning = at first “起初，开始”，反义词组为at the end

at the beginning of…在…的初期 e.g. at the beginning of April 四月初

11. arrive at 意为“到达”，arrive at +小地点（如村、镇、车站等）

arrive in 也是“到达”，arrive in +大地点（如国家、大城市等）

拓展：arrive,get和reach都有“到达”的意思，arrive和get都是不及物动词，前者较正式，后者较口语化。两者之后均不可直接加宾语，但可接here, there, home

之类表地点的副词作状语。e.g. We got/ arrived here last night.

要表示“到达某地”，arrive要借助介词in或者at；而get其后需接介词to，

e.g. When we got to the park, it began to rain.

reach是及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词作宾语，reach Nanjing 到南京。Reach

之后也可接here,there,home等词。

12. be made of 意为“由…制成”，强调从成品中可以看得出原材料。

e.g. The desk is made of wood. 桌子由木头制成。

be made from 也是“由…制成”的意思,强调从成品中看不出原材料。

e.g. Paper is made from wood. 纸是由木头制成的。

拓展：be made in “由…制造”，强调产地

e.g. This kind of machine is made in China.

be made by “被…（人）制造”，说明制造者是谁

e.g. This ship is made by the workers.

13. “It’s +adj. +动词不定式”句型，意为“做某事是…”

e.g. It's boring to stay at home. 呆在家很无聊。

此句中代词it只作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。所以此句可改成：

To stay at home is boring.

14. It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.意为“花费某人多少时间去做某事”，这里的it作形式

主语，真正的主语是to do sth.

e.g. It takes me half an hour to walk to school every day.

15. 反身代词。当主语和谓语是同一个人时，我们使用反身代词。

（1）反身代词做同位语，用于强调

e.g. The manager himself served the customers. （主语同位语）

The manager served the customers himself. （主语同位语）

I told them I wanted to see the manager himself.

(2) 反身代词作介词宾语

e.g. She finnshed the job by hersel

f.

(3) 反身代词作动词宾语，有些动词与反身代词成固定搭配，翻译时“自己”多不译

出。

enjoy oneself 玩的开心help oneself 自便、自取

behave oneself 有礼貌、规矩

16. take place 意为“举行、发生”。多指举行活动

e.g The school sports meeting will take place tomorrow.

happen 多指无计划，偶然发生的事。

happen to sb./sth.“遭遇”指不好的事发生在某人、某物上

e.g. What happened to you?

A car accident happened to him yesterday.

拓展：take one’s pl ace或take the place of sb./sth. 意为“代替某人/某物”

17. forget to do sth. 意为“忘记做某事”（未做）

e.g. My mother often forgets to turn off the light.

Don’t forget to bring your homework here tomorrow.

拓展：forget doing sth. 意为“忘了做过某事”（已做）

e.g. I’ll nev er forget seeing her dance for the first time.

He forgot turning the light off.

18. as soon as possible 意为“尽早的”，相当于as soon as you can

e.g. Come back as soon as possible/ you can.

练习

一、单项填空

1. _______ 100 millions climbers come to the mountain.

A. Over

B. Less

C. More

D. Under

2. The desk is made _______ wood, and the books are made _______ wood, too.

A. of; of

B. from; from

C. of; from

D. from; of

3. He didn’t go to Australia, _______ he？

A. doesn’t

B. didn’t

C. does

D. did

4. My grandfather is _______.He often exercises.

A. kind

B. health

C. fine

D. funny

5. Would you like to _______ us？We are going to eat out.

A. take part in

B. join

C. attend

D. help

6. He _______ the Sydney Opera House when it rained.

A. was visiting

B. visiting

C. visit

D. visits

7. His mother arrived _______ Beijing yest er day.

A. to

B. at

C. in

D. on

8. Lin Tao has _______ homework this weekend.

A. too much

B. much too

C. too many

D. many too

9. She got _______ the bus and left her parents.

A. off

B. on

C. up

D. with

10. The roads in the town are as _______ as the ones in the city. Four cars can cross at the same time.

A. wide

B. widely

C. clear

D. clearly

11. She enjoyed _______ in the park last weekend.

A. himself

B. herself

C. itself

D. ourselves

12. Grandfather often _______ stories in the evening.

A. speaks

B. tells

C. says

D. talks

13.The soup _______ a little salty.

A. looks

B. tastes

C. smells

D. sounds

14. The teacher kept students _______ books for half an hour.

A. read

B. reading

C. reads

D. to read

15. What’s the _______ of what he said？

A. meaning

B. mean

C. means

D. to mean

1-5 ACDCB 6-10 ACABA 11-15 BBBBA

二、词汇运用

根据句意和首字母提示完成句子

1. Koalas are from A_______ .

2. The p_______ of the USA lives in the White House.

3. The bridge is not w_______ enough to let three cars cross at the same time.

4. The window is made of s_______ , so it’s very strong.

5. It’s a long and boring j_______ from the village to Xiantai by train.

6 There are many places of i_______, like the Great Wall and the Summer Palace.

7. He tried to p_______ the cow out of the house.

8. Don’t take so much money. The tickets are f_______ for children.

9. Children c_______ for the exciting news.[来源:Z|xx|https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0813297640.html,]

10. There are no clouds in the s_______ .

Keys: 1-5 Australia president wide steel journey

6-10 interest pull free cheered sky

用所给单词的适当形式填空

1. Help _______（you）to the fish, children！

2. _______（final）the mother found her lost son.

3. _______（luck）he wasn’t in the house when the earthquake happened.

4. Wang Yun is a great _______（climb）. He arrived at the top of hill first in the climbing match.

5. I think computers are _______（use）in our daily life.

6. Her skirt has many c olours. It’s a _______（colour）one.

7. He is a strange man because he _______（keep）a snake as a pet last year.[来源学科网]

8. Do you know the _______（mean）of the word？

9. Jack is too young to look after _______（he）.

10. Her mother _______（get）on the plane when she reached there.

Keys: 1-5 yourselves Finally Luckily climber useful 6-10 colourful kept meaning himself was getting