2007年硕士生入学考试专业课试 题下载 英语
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山东科技大学2007年招收硕士学位研究生入学考试
英语（单）试卷
Part 1 Reading Comprehension (40%)
Questions 1 to 5 are baded on the following passage.
The common cold is the world?s most widespread illness, which probably why there are more myths a-bout it than any of the other plagues that flesh is heir to.
The most widespread fallacy(谬误)of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passage on from person to person. Y ou catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them permanently. But they do not. And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.
During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches(战壕),cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds.
In the Second War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitxz concntration camp, naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds.
At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they submit-ted to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bath-ing suits, allowed themselves to be wet with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. Some wore wet socks all day while others excised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.
If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more prevalent in the winter? Despite the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay togeher indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.
No one yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片)such as aspirin, but all they do is relieve the symptoms.
1. According to the passage, there are more myths about the common cold than any other human disease because .
(A)it spreads very quickly
(B)it is the most widespread illness
(C)the climate of the world is getting colder and colder
(D)few people can catch colds
2. We learn from the passage that .
(A) the Eskimos do not suffer from colds at all
(B) colds are caused by cod
(c) people suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors
(D) a person may catch a cold by touching someone who already has one
3. Artic explorers may catch colds when .
(A) they are working in he isolated arctic regions
(B) they are writing reports in terribly cold weather
(C) they are free from work in the isolated arctic regions
(D) they are coming into contact with the outside world
4. During the First World War, soldiers who spent long periods in cold and wet trenches .
(A) often caught colds
(B) never caught colds
(C) did not show increased tendency to catch colds
(D) seldom caught colds
5. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The experiments on the common cold.
(B) The myths about the common cold.
(C) An explanation of the reason and the way people catch colds.
(D) The continued spread of common colds.
Questious 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.
Much attention is presently being given to what is termed “fouctional illteracy”, this should not be con-fused with the problem of illiteracy, that is, the inability to read and write. Current United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) figures indicate that 99 percent of all Americans are literate, the same figure asigned to nations such as Britain, Germany. Functional illiteeacy, by contrast, is concemed with how much difficulty people have in actually using and writing skills in everyday situations. This might be interpreted, for example, as the relative ablity to understand federal income tax forms, or printed instructions, or how well someone can write a letter of complaint, or apply for a joy in writing.
There are no agreed-upon definitions of what functional illiteracy is and, in practice, definitions vary wide-ly. For many years, reading tests have been used throughout the country which define reading ability by grade level. “Tenth-grade reading level”, for instance, would be the average reading score of all pupils who have completed ten years of school. There are, of course, many different reading tests. One defini-tion of functional illitracy holds that anyone is “illitterate”who reads at less than an eighth-grade level. Another common definition uses a twelfth-grade level(the last year of high school in the U.S.).
There seems to be general agreement that at least one-tenth of all Americans are fouctionally illiterate in English to some degiee. It is also hardly surprising that those nations which (like the U.S.).
There seems to be general agreement that at least one-tenth of all Americans are fouctionlly illiterate in English to some degree. It is also hardly surprising that those nations which (like the U.S.) have paid mast at-tention to this concept, and which have nation wide tesing, have found the greatest problems. As one educator humorously put it, “Reading tests cause illiteracy”. Canada, for example, which also has a large non-English speaking immigrant popultion, has recently found that many
of her citiziens, too, are functionally illierate. The attention given to this problem, therefore, therefore, reflects the fact that in North America schools as well as pupil sare continually tested.
6. According to the passage, “fouctional illiteracy” is .
(A) the ability to read and write
(B) the inability to read and write
(C) the relative ability to read and write in everyday situations
(D) the inability to read and write in everyday situations
7. What is the definition of fouctional illiteracy?
(A) It refers to anyone who reads at less than eighth-grade level
(B) It refers to anyone who reads at less than twelfth-grade level
(C) It refers to anyone who reads at less than tenth-grde level
(D) There is no clear definition
8. It can be learned from the passage that .
(A) Canada and the U.S. have fouctionally illiterate population because they hardly paid any attention to the problem
(B) fouctional illiteracy may have been caused at least in part by unsuccessful design of reading tests
(C) non-Enish speaking immigrant population constitute the majority of all the fouctionally illiterate
(D) it is impractical to determine what fouctional illiteracy really is as different situations set different re-quirements
9. It can be inferred frem the passage that .
(A) over one-tenth of Americans population have difficulty in using and writing skills in everyday situations
(B) in North America nation-wide tests are given to test pupils? fouctional iteracy
(C) Canadians are generally at a higher lever of fouctional literacy than Americans are
(D) teaching of English reading and writing has turned out to e a failure in Canada and the U.S
10. This passage was written mainly to .
(A) analyze different definitions of fouctional illiteracy
(B) discuss the reasons for fouctional illiteracy
(C) compare different ways to get rid of illiteracy
(D) introduce the problem of functional illiteracy
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
Some people believe that international sport creates good will between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: that international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some truth in both arguments, but I recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourages international brotherhood. Not only was there the tragic (悲惨的) incident involving the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused principally by minor national contests.
One country received its second medals with vilible indignation(愤怒) after the hockey (曲棍球) final. There had been noisy scenes t the end of the hockey match. The losers objecting to the final decisions. They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that that their opponent?s victory was unfair. Their manager wa in a rage when he said, “This wasn?t hockey . Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished. ” The president of the Federtion said later that such behavior could result in the suspension(暂令停止参加) of the team for at least three years.
The American basketball team announced that they would yield first place to Russia, after a disputable end to their contest. The game had ended I disorder. It was thought at first that the United States had won, by a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play. A Russian player thev thew the ball from one end of the court to the oth-er, and another player player popped it into the basket. It was the first time the USA had ener lost an Olympic basketball match. An appepl jury debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would atand. The American players then voted not to receive the sil-ver medals.
Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athletes shoould compete as individuals, or in non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism.
11. According the author, reent Olympic Games have .
[A] created goodwill between the nations
[B] bted only false national pride
[C] barely showed any international friendship
[D] led to more and more misunderstanding and hatred
12. What did the manager mean by saying, “Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished”?
[A] His team would no loger take part in international games
[B] Hockey and the Federation are both ruined by the unfair decisions
[C] There should by no more hockey mtches organized by the Federation
[D] The Federation should be dissolved
13. The basketbal example implied that
[A] too much patriotism was displayed in the incident
[B] the announcment to prolong the match wa wrwng
[C] the appeal jury wa too hesitant in makig the decision
[D] the American team was right in rejecting the silver medals
14. The author gves the two examples in paragraphs 2 and 3 to show .
[A] how false national pride led to undesirable incidents in international games
[B] that sportsmen have been more obedient than they used to be
[C] that competitiveness in the games discourages international friendship
[D] that unfair decisions are common in Olmpic Games
15. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?
[A] The organization of the Olympic Games must be improved
[B] Athletes should compete as individuals in the Olympic Games
[C] sport should be played competitively rather than for the love of the game
[D] International contests are liable for misunderstanding between nations Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage
Now the Bush team is pushing hard an idea which is inherited from the Clinton asininistra-tion and which, in some way, build on the debt-relief initiative. For the very poorest coun-tries, America strongly favors maving from loans to grants, though other industrial-country do-nors are still doubtful of the wissom of this. Giving grants, they argue, will cut future aid flows beaause some of the funding for loans on generous terms comes from money which has been repaid(归还) to donors.
America takes the view that, since many developing-country loans will never be repaid, mainly because the recipients (接受者) cannot affford to make large payments to their creditors, it makes more sense to treat them as grants in the first place. The Bush administration has threatened to hold up the fouds used for this sort of aid, International Develop-ment Assistance (IDA), if it cannot persuade everyone else to come on boaed. All members talded about having made progress in this area, but it remains a stumbling block.
Work is also under way in the IMF and the G7 to reform the international system. This now has two objectives. One is to make it harder for terrorist organizations to obtain funding by cracking down on money-laundering and increasing financial transparency. The other is to reduce the occurrence and severity of financial crises in emerging-market countries. On this American views seem to have prevailed. The G7 meeting on April 19th and 20 ended with an unexpected decision 'to proceed with an American plan to include collective action clauses in fu-ture loans taken out by emerging-market governments. The idea is that in the event of a delay of payment-such as that by Argentina last December-a government could negotiate with a “super-majority” of its creditors to restructure its debts, rather than, as now, have a small mi-nority of creditors a ble to weaken such attempts.
This market-based approach is still controversial, and implementing it could be difficult given the previous reluctance of governments to include such calauses in loan contracts (lest they appear to be signaling a readiness to default(拖欠) even as they borrow). Work on IMF paans for more far-reacjomg reforms of supreme debt, on which the Bush team recently appeared to pour cold water, is to proceed at the same time. The two approaches, said the G7, are “com-plementary”.
16. According to the passage, America favors moving from loans to grants on the purpose of .
[A] making more meoney for the donors
[B] relieving debt of the poorest countries
[C] solving the problem of poverty completely
[D] collecting more money for future aid to other countries
17. It can be seen that the undertaking of moving from loans to grants .
[A] makes no progress at all [B] makes progress smoothly
[C] still face some difficulties [D] achieve its success in near future
18. The purpose of the reform of the international financlal system
includes .
[A] relieving the debt of poor countries
[B] establishing a global financial market
[C] distributing mony more fairly in the world
[D] preventing the possible financial crisis and terrorists to raise money through the system
19. It can be inferred from para. 3 that present .
[A] a country can never expect to reconstruct its debts
[B] a country can reconstreuct its debt with the permission of IMF
[C] a country in default canot reconstuct its debts without the permission of all of its creditors
[D] a country in defanlt can reconstruct its debts by acquiring the permssion of most of its creditors
20. The implementing of the market-based approach may get to be smoother if .
[A] American does more to help the poor
[B] the Bush team doesn?t pour cold water
[C] the emerging-market countries try harder
[D] the governments of creditors are always ready to restructure the debts of its debtors
Part ⅡCloze (10%)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. Y ou should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Small business owners must accept the bur-dens of entrepreneurship(企业家的职责). Being in business for yourself 21 your full atten-tion. Y ou seldom leave the office or shop at 5 PM. 22 do you leave job problems there. They follow you home as business homework. This means less time for your 23 life.
The 24 you sought can put you on the 25 . Y ou don?t report to a boss. But you do try as had as possible to serve your. customer. They are your “26 ”. Y ou also have to com-pete with creditors, employees, suppliers, and tax collectors. In other words, you are never really 27 .
Samll firms can seldom 28 to hire e-nough employees so that each can specialize. Y ou may have to prepare ads, 29 records, make sales calls, and collect bad debts. Y ou must be able to “wear many hats”. 30 all these tasks takes up lots of time. But you cannot 31 long-range planning. Y ou have to 32 goals and develop plans to meet them. Give too 33 time to management and your business will fail.
The major cause of business 34 is poor management. Of every three business that start, two fail . nearly half fail in the first five years. A person with limited talents may be a- ble to hold a job in a large firm because others will pick up the slack(松懈，懈怠). When you are in business 35 yourself, there is no one to “carry you”.
Even if your firm 36 , you may still have little money to spend . you may work hard for months and not take a penny out, except for the salary you pay yourself. The reason is you may have to 37 your profits in the firm for long-eterm growth.
38 you may need to meet short-term 39 for cash. Y ou may not even be able to draw a salary until the firm becomes a truly going 40 .
21. [A] conside [B] acquires [C] requires [D] inquires
22. [A] Nor [B] Also [C] So [D] Either
23. [A] institutional [B] personal [C] intimate [D] secret
24. [A] prosperity [B] property [C] fortne [D] independence
25. [A] spot [B] button [C] horizon [D] period
26. [A] superior [B] manager [C] boss [D] director
27. [A] lucky [B] free [C] relaxed [D] happy
28. [A] afford [B] resort [C] grant [D] entitle
29. [A] mange [B] break [C] keep [D] establish
30. [A] Assuming [B] Marnaging [C] Regulating [D] Performing
31. [A] deny [B] discard [C] refuse [D] ncglect
32. [A] set [B] construct [C] make [D] create
33. [A] few [B] reductron [C] failure [D] slight
34. [A] depression [B] reductron [C] failure [D] lack
35. [A] by [B] for [C] upon [D] from
36. [A] booms [B] succeeds [C] fails [D] enlarges
37. [A] reinvest [B] resolve [C] reserve [D] reproduce
38. [A] But [B] And [C] While [D] Or
39. [A] obligations [B] demands [C] requirements [D] necessaries
40. [A] accomplishment [B] charity [C] concern [D] estate
Part ⅢV ocabulary and Structure (15%)
41. my great surprise, Idiscovered that the watch was broken.
(A)To (B)For (C)On (D)With
42. As far as the structure is concerned, the house isn?t the price they are ask.
(A)worthy (B)worthy of (C)worthwhile (D)worth of
43. It?ll be sure beat carrying a lot of water of to boil it at the campsite.
(A)to have (B)have (C)having (D)had
44.We all know that Mr.Wang is training his son .
(A)in real earnest (B)on purpose (C)in an easygoing way (D)out of mind
45. They visited many places their stay in shanghai.
(A)in (B)for (C)during (D)on
46. Astronomers believe that here are small, very cold lumps that stay poised in space
the furthest planet.
(A)beyond (B)before (C)behind (D)below
47. I have so much work to do that a holiday for me this year is .
(A)in question (B)out of question (C)out of the question (D)at random
48. Students generally look their teachers.
(A)up (B)up to (C)into (D)until
49. The teacher won?t dismiss the class it is time.
(A)for (B)if (C)so (D)until
50. We countless enemy encirclements and blockades until we finally arrived at our destination.
(A) broke through (B)broke with (C)broke into (D)broke in
51. Sales of home computer have in recent years.
(A)taken in (B)taken off (C)taken for (D)taken from
52. Y ou may not believe it, but Einstein is said to have no aptitude language learning when he was young.
(A)towards (B)of (C)for (D)with
53. During the flood of 1927, the Red Cross out of emergency headquarters in Mississippi, set up temporary shelters for the homeless.
(A)operates (B)is operating (C)has operated (D)operating
54．As a masterpiece, a work of art must transcend the ideals of the period in which it was created.
(A)Ranks (B)The ranking (C)To be randed (D)For being randed
55.Of all the factors affecting agricultural yields, weather is the one the most.
(A)it influences farmers (B)that influences farme rs
(C)farmers that it influenes (D)why farmers influence it
56. He was left alone, with to take care of him.
(A)someone (B)no one (C)not one (D)anyone
57. Bruce and John have arrived, but students in the class aren?t here yet.
(A)other (B)the other (C)the others (D)others
58. As the chairman will be hospitalized for quite a long time, some one should be appointed chairman.
(A)alternative (B)temporary (C)substitute (D)secondary
59. If, despite all this, we walk with of realizing our long-cherished dream of rebirth and reconstruction, it is because the conditions for doing so now exist.
(A)convince (B)conviction (C)conflict (D)confirmation
60. Despite all his efforts and merits, Mr.Smith is not a good teacher.
(A)much of (B)adequate to (C)qualified (D)somewhat for
61. offering good job prospects and easy living, Atlanta is a city where African Americans have had a chance to express their culture and flourish.
(A)Beside (B)Besides (C)Except (D)Except for
62. Altough the students dislike the material they are studying right now, their instructor has no to change the syllabus.
(A)purpose (B)motivation (C)ambition (D)authority
63. His efforts to improve the company have been very .
(A)effective (B)efficient (C)efficacious (D)effetively
64. looked more affluent, the price could have gone up to 400 rupees.
(A)If had I (B)Had I (C)I had (D)I had been
65. The travels of Marco Polo in the 12th century would not have been so well known
For the book he wrote while in jail.
(A)it not have been (B)is not been (C)had it ont been (D)has not been
66. On entering te office, the teacher canght sight of the gift by his students.
(A)was sent (B)being sent (C)sent (D)sending
67. Our school singing group is going to give performance next month; don?t moss it.
(A)an alive (B)a living (C)a live (D)a life
68. The television with my concentration when I was writing.
(A)distured (B)interfered (C)troubled (D)bothered
69. Children?s clothes have to be strong to hard wear.
(A)stand in for (B)stand in to (C)stand up for (D)stand up to
70. So that nobody wants to swim in it.
(A)the river is dirty (B)dirty is the river
(C)is the river dirty (D)dirty the river is
Part ⅣTranslation (20%)
Professor Arthur Shimamura, of the University of California at Berkeley, says there are three main ways in which mental fouction changes.The forst is mental speed, for example how quickly ypu can react to fast moving incidents on the road. Drivers in their late teens react quickly but tend to drive too fast, while the over sixties are more cautious but rect more sloely. The near-inevitable slowing with age also partly explains why soccer players are seen as old in their thirties, while golf professionals are still in their prime at that age. This type of mental slowing results from a reduction in the efficiency with which the brain?s neurons work.
The fact that asults find it harder to learn musical instruments than children points to a second type of mental loss with age – a reduction in learning capacity. The parts of the brain known as the temporal lobes control new learning, and are particulrly vulnerable to the effets of aging. This means that, as we get older, we take longer to learn a new language, are slower to master new routines and technologics at work, and we have to rely more on diaries and other mental ads.
‘Working memory’is the third brain system which which is vulnerable to the effect of aging. Working memory is the brain?s …blackboard?, where we juggle from moment to moment the things we have to deep in mind when solving problems, planning tasks an generally organizing our day-to-day life. Absent-mindedness occurs at all ages because of imperaections in the working memory system – so, for instance, you may continually lose your glasses, or find yourself walking into a room of ypur house only to find that you cannot remember what you came for.
Such absent-mindedness tends to creep up on us as we age and occurs because our plans ansd intentions, which are chalked up on the ental blackboard, are easily wiped out by stray thoughts and other distractions. Stress and preoccupation can also cause such absent-mindedness, in addition to age-related changes in the brain. The frontal lobes of the brain –located behind the forehead and above the eyes –ate where the working memory system is located . Like the temporal lobes, which handle new learning, the frontal lobes are more vulnerable to the aging process than other parts of the brain.
PartⅤWriting (15%)
Directions: For this part, you are required to write a short essay Going Out to See the World. Y ou should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 旅行的好处
2. 旅行的弊端
3. 你的观点
Going Out to See the W orld
研究生英语期末考试作文,
long-distance education long-distance education, It is called network education in the file that released by department of education has introduced some , or called contemporary and long-range education network education. It refers to the use of TV and the Internet and other media teaching mode, the remote education is a very popular teaching model, because it broke through the time and space boundaries, accommodation in the school is different from the traditional teaching mode. Using this kind of teaching model of students, do not need to a specific location, anywhere. Students can also through television and radio, Internet, coaching line, a variety of different methods, such as mutual learning. Online learning has superior side, there are also some disadvantages. Learners can not adapt to the network teaching mode. Network education lack of interactivity and authenticity. On the BBS of the remote education, many netizens agree that network education's biggest drawback is the lack of interactivity and authenticity. In network education, between students and students, between students and the teacher only through BBS, E-mail or other network communication tools to communicate, people had built up a relationship is a kind of virtual environment of interpersonal relationships, interpersonal communication gradually from direct to indirect, from the diversification to the simplification, lost the traditional relationship between university students directly group consciousness gradually indifference. Education of students by this way, the collective idea and the spirit of solidarity and collaboration as generally traditional college students, is not conducive to the development of individuals and society.
硕士学位英语水平全国统一考试试题
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1997年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及解析
1997年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section II Cloze Test Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 points) Manpower Inc., with 560,000 workers, is the world’s largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people 41into the offices and factories of America, seeking a day’s work for a day’s pay. One da y at a time. 42industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive 43reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming. 44its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part-timers and temporary workers. This “45” work force is the most important 46in American business today, and it is 47changing the relationship between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 48avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 49by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans. For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of 50 that came from being a loyal employee. 41. [A] swarm [B] stride [C] separate [D] slip 42. [A] For [B] Because [C] As [D] Since 43. [A] from [B] in [C] on [D] by 44. [A] Even though [B] Now that [C] If only [D] Provided that 45. [A] durable [B] disposable [C] available [D] transferable
()研究生英语水平能力测试样卷1
研究生英语水平能力测试样题 Part I Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks) Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of ________ reality. A. what it is conceived B. that is conceived C. what is conceived to be D. that is being conceived of 2. New York City collects garbage ________ $209 per family per year. A. at the cost of B. at sacrifice of C. in demand of D. in support of 3. I would just as soon ________ rudely to her. A. you not speak B. you won't speak C. you not speaking D. you didn't speak 4. ________ so many people been out of work as today. A. More than ever before B. Never before have C. In the past, there never have D. Formerly, there never were 5. We got home late last night, ________, early this morning. A. namely B. in other words C. or rather D. in any case 6. The miners escaped the danger by ________. A. a hair breadth B. hair breadth C. hair's breadth D. a hair's breadth 7. Praise is like warm sunshine. It not only brings joy to ________ who are praised but also adds pleasure to ________ who praise. A. these; these B. we; us C. them; them D. those; those 8. When our imports ________ our exports, we say we have a favorable trade balance; however, when our imports and exports are the other way round we say we have an unfavorable trade balance. A. fall short B. fall short of C. run out of D. are lack of 9. ________ that distinguish human beings from other primates are related to the ability of people to stand upright and walk on two legs. A. Many of the physical characteristics B. Of the many physical characteristics C. The physical characteristics D. There are many physical characteristics 10. Classical logic is characterized by a concern for the structure and elements of argument ________ that thought, language, and reality are interrelated. A. based on the belief B. on the belief based C. belief based on the D. the based belief on 11. ________ fashioned from a wick floating in a bowl of oil functioned according to the principle of capillary action.
2019英语硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案
2019年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案 Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. 1 of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones 2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3 you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4 can’t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate 5 to civilization, one of which is to follow the land... When you find yourself well 6 a trail, but not in a completely 7 area, you have to answer two questions: Which 8 is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water. 9 , if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should 10 see signs of people. If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be 11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings. Another 12 : Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. 13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14 gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15 the woods. Head toward these 16 to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17 light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution. 18 , assuming you’re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19 we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can 20 you to civilization.
研究生英语期末考试 选择(缩印版)
一.同义词 16.Children may ridicule other children new to a neighborhood. A. make fun of 17.It is useless to attempt to flee from every danger, some risks must be taken. C. run away 18.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other drawbacks. B. disadvantages 19.Magazines are the fifth most important advertising medium, and magazine advertising requires a substantial investment from advertisers. D. considerable 20.Efforts to ameliorate housing conditions for the poor were halted because government funds were cut off. C. improve 21.Because of the close collaboration of architect and builder, the building was completed ahead of schedule. B. joint work 22.After World War , the Vietnamese believed that the French would allow them to be an autonomous people. A. self-governing 23.Physical well-being presupposes that one should vary his diet and often have some wholesome food. C. healthful 24.The layout of the book, with the text on the left and the notes on the right, makes it a pleasure to use. B. arrangement 25.A child leaving home before he is ready is analogous to bird trying to leave the nest before it can fly. D. similar 单选 26.He had always been oblivious to the way Ruth looked, and had never once paid her a compliment. 27.I like the professor's lecture because he amplified his lecture with some vivid slide shows. 28.On the seminar the historians still cannot agree on the date on which the particular war commenced . 29.Despite the news that her son had been dead years ago, she still clung to the hope that he would return some day. 30.During the night a person's temperature may drop one or two degrees, and it can be difficult to arouse him in the morning if his body hasn't become hot yet. 31.The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more at stake. 32.Man often wonders how the earth evolved from a hot, violent birth to the celebrated watery planet that stands out in pictures from space. 33.When business is depressed , there is usually an obvious increase in unemployment. 34.Social structure organization is simply the way that people, groups, and institutions are organized with respect. to one another. 35.One of the reasons for his popularity in our village is that he asks after almost everyone every time when he comes back from the big city. 二.同义词 16.The winner was deprived of his gold medal because he was found to have taken stimulants before the race. C. was deprived of 17.The army launched a major assault against the rebel army and many citizens joined the army. A. attack 18.Because Charles had forgotten his key, he was locked out. B. unable to in 19.His behavior had been perturbing me more than had cared to admit. D. troubling 20.Lighting levels are carefully controlled to fall within an acceptable level for optimal reading convenience. A. ideal 21It is said that you can intimidate your enemies by speaking in a low voice and carrying a big stick. C. frighten 22 .If you know in advance that the examination is going to be easy, you have no incentive to study very much. D. motive 23.The soldier discovers martial stirrings in his breast as he puts on his uniform. B. excitement 24.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other drawbacks. C. disadvantages 25.You'll succeed in the final examination if you stick to your belief that you are not a failure. A. adhere to 单选 26Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is subjected to loud continuous noise. 27.The teacher set up those obstacles for no other purpose than to challenge the students to overcome them. 28.The police who was lack of experiences was completely, taken in by the thief's disguise. 29.My aunt wound a brightly-colored thread round her finger so as not to forget her appointment. 30.They could not go to the theater together because his free time never coincides with hers. 31.A (n) personnel manager has a variety of role relations with people occupying related statuses. 32.This is a difficult job that needs to be tackled whole-heartedly-not ply at. 33.The curtain had risen hardly when shot startled the audience. 34.He would go to endless trouble to help anyone he thought worthy of encouragement. 35.Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without dominating it. 三.同义词 16. If you know in advance that the examination is going to be easy, you have no incentive to study very much. B. motive 17.The mother soothed the disappointed child and then promised to take him on a picnic as soon as it stopped raining. D. comforted 18.It is not easy to remain tranquil when events suddenly change your life. C. calm 19.Sales are an accurate gauge of a book's popularity rather than a representation of it's real value. A. criterion 20.Because Charles had forgotten his key, he was locked out. D. unable to in 21.The army launched a major assault against the rebel army and many citizens joined the army. B. attack 22.The winner was deprived of his gold medal because he was found to have taken stimulants before the race. A. was deprived of 23.At the international conference on the nuclear weapons several dissenting statements were made. D. opposing 24.The dominant theme is of tranquility and peacefulness. C. major 25.A conservative person opposes change and too many new ideas. A. unprogressive 单选 26.It is very likely that the Martian will also be adapted to underground existence, for conditions are much more equable underground. 27.The medicine scientists discovered that the prime reason for her lung cancer is excessive smoking. 28.The interviewer interpreted the applicant's late arrival as a sign of disorganization, undependability or lack of interest in the job. 29.After about an early age of 13, perceptions have already been formed and ambitions cast. 30.South Africa's black majority got its first real say in governing early last December. 31.Technology has facilitated the sharing of information and the storage and 32.delivery of information, thus making more information available to more people. 32.Jack is the very person who can be entrusted with either money or secret information. 33.He stopped the car so abruptly that he was hit by the car behind him. 34.The black people launched civil movement, struggling for abolition of slavery. 35.After a long journey, the tourists who experienced danger and hardship reached their destination at length.
新视野大学英语新生入校分级考试试卷
新视野大学英语 新生入校分级考试试卷 Part I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (5 minutes)(10分) Directions: Read the following passage, and then fill in the blanks with the missing part for the following incomplete statements. Your answers should be written on Answer Sheet 1. Most Americans spend far more of their leisure time with entertainment and information sources than in any other occupation. Of all information and entertainment sources, television is clearly dominant (支配的), with newspapers a close second, at least as a source of news and other information. Our exposure (暴露,接触) to all of these sources is important, however, because they all contribute (贡献) materials for the construction of the world in our heads. For most people, increased use of one medium does not decrease (减少) use of another. In fact, in certain cases, and especially for certain purposes, the more one uses one medium, the more likely one is to use others. There are various factors that can cause you to expose yourself to one source selectively. Some of that selective exposure is probably due to the psychological (心理) pressure you feel when avoiding the discomfort caused by the confrontation with facts and ideas contrary to your beliefs, attitudes, or behavior. However, some selective exposure is not due to such pressure for consistency (一致) but to other factors, such as your age, education, and even the area in which you live and the people with whom you associate. Quite a different sort of factor that affects your information and entertainment experiences is the social context of exposure—whether you are alone or with others when you are exposed to a medium; whether you are at home, at the office, in a theater, and so on. These contexts are as much a potential part of the message as film images on the screen or words on the page. 1.____________________ are dominant sources of news and information. 2.Our exposure to information and entertainment sources is important because they provide ___________________ of our mental world. 3. Facts show that the more one uses one medium, the more likely one is _________________. 4. Factors that can cause us to expose ourselves to one source selectively _________ ______________. 5. One quite different sort of factor that affects our information and entertainment experiences is the ______________________.
华东师范大学研究生英语综合班期末考试翻译C
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