Strategies on fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics in China

Strategies on Fruits and Vegetables Cold Chain Logistics in China

Songxia Yang, Huazhong Lu *, Enli Lü, Jiaming Guo, Jinfeng Xu

College of Engineering

South China Agricultural University

Guangzhou, China

e-mail: huazlu@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0514264683.html,

*Huazhong Lu is the corresponding author.

Abstract-China is a mass production country of fruits and vegetables, and the output ranks first in the world. However, the development of fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics is relatively backward, which leads to high decay rate and low circulation, restricting the development of fruits and vegetables industry. In this paper, through studying on domestic fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics, the status was summarized, and the main problems were analyzed. Then some strategies were put forward including speeding up infrastructures construction and techniques upgrading, strengthening the informatization and standardization construction, boosting the development of the third-party cold chain logistics and so on, which provided references for developing fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics in China.

Keywords-fruits and vegetables; cold chain logistics; problems; strategies

I.I NTRODUCTION

China is rich in fruits and vegetables. Vegetables industry and fruits industry have become the second and the third largest industry of planting industry in China, and China’s output of fruits and vegetables ranks first in the world [1].However, due to slow development of fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics, it was difficult to achieve cross-region and cross-season sales, which gave rise to “large output, small sales” and directly restricted the increase of farmer’s income and resulted in the problems of “outputs accelerating without incomes increasing”, “low incomes of the farmers” in Chinese “Three Rural Issues”. Thus, accelerating the development of fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics will make important sense to the decrease of fruits and vegetables loss and the increase of farmer income.

Fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics is a special supply chain that fruits and vegetables must be kept in the appropriate low temperature environment in the course of process, storage, transportation, distribution and retail, so as to guarantee the quality and decrease the loss as far as possible(the model is shown in Figure 1). Fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics follow 3T principles that circulation time, temperature and tolerance must achieve the specific requirements of fruits and vegetables. At the same time, Fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics must satisfy 3M conditions that cold storage means, methods and management must achieve certain requirements [2].

At present, the vegetables cold chain logistics in the United States is the most typical. From harvest to sale, vegetables are kept in low physiological temperature, forming a chain as “pre-cooling---controlled atmosphere refrigerated storage--- refrigerated transportation---refrigerated wholesale--- supermarket refrigerator--- consumer refrigerator” [3].

Figure 1. Model of fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics.

II.S TATUS OF F RUITS AND V EGETABLES C OLD C HAIN

L OGISTICS IN C HINA

During “Tenth Five-Year” and “Eleventh Five-Year”, “Modern Logistics Technology Research and Demonstration of Agricultural Products” was listed as a key project by Science and Technology Ministry, and the technology of agriculture products logistics has been greatly improved [4]. “Cold Chain Logistics Development Plan of Agricultural Products” was firstly promulgated on July 28, 2010. It planed to elevate the entire agricultural products cold chain logistics system through 6 years’ efforts.

In recent years, with the development of rural economy, and the increase of demand and supply capability, fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics has been paid more attention and made further development. So far, fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics has been taken shape in China. The proportion of cold chain logistics increase gradually: the rate of cold chain circulation has reached 5% and the rate of refrigerated transport has reached 15%. Infrastructures of fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics have been improved gradually. There were nearly 20000

cold storages, and the total cold storage capacity was 8.8 million tons. There were 1910 mechanically refrigerated trains, 20000 mechanically refrigerated vehicles, and the refrigerated ship tonnage of 100000 tons. The cold chain logistics technology has gradually promoted, and cold chain logistics companies were being established [5].

However, fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics development was still in its infancy and not perfect in China. Big loss occured: fruits and vegetables loss proportion was under 5% in the course of harvest, transportation, storage and other aspects in the developed countries, while the loss proportion was nearly 25% to 30% in China [6]. Low proportion existed: the proportion of fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics was over 95% in the developed countries, while most of the fruits and vegetables were still in circulation at room temperature in China. High costs remained: according to international standards, the costs of perishable food logistics do not exceed 50% of the total costs, while that cost 70% in China [7].

III.T HE PROBLEMS OF F RUITS AND V EGETABLES C OLD

C HAIN L OGISTICS IN C HINA

A.The Inadequate Facilities and Backward Situation in

Cold Chain Logistics Techniques

In China, the infrastructures of cold chain logistics were seriously in shortage, on one hand, the per capita cold storage capacity was only 7 kilograms, on the other hand, the refrigerated vehicles made up only 0.3% of all the freight vehicles. All the refrigerated equipments were out of date and out of work, while the investments of new cold chain logistics facilities were not put in place and the area distribution were in imbalance [5]. Due to the lack of low temperature treatment facilities, most of the fresh fruits and vegetables were kept in extensive operation. And the proportion of the post-production value to natural value was 0.38: 1, while it was 3.7: 1 in US, 3.2:1 in Canada [8]. Many key nodes such as large fruits and vegetables wholesale markets and fruits and vegetables distribution centers were short of refrigerated facilities. Some remote areas which had perfect condition for planting fruits and vegetables had undeveloped traffic and less transportation routes.

Fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics is a rising industry in China, while the education and research in logistics and distribution was still backward. The investment in the research and development of fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics techniques was inadequate, so the techniques were backward and the achievements were few. There were only about 10 universities offering the specialty and courses about the logistics, which was only 1% of all the universities in China [9]. Thus, the situation caused the shortage of talents, and restricted the development of cold chain logistics techniques and management.

B.The Sluggish Development of Informatization and

Standardization

The informatization of fruits and vegetables cold chain logistic in China started much later than other countries, and the level was lower. Firstly, information exchange and sharing was inadequate, which led to the asymmetrical information of the “farmer difficult selling” and the “customer difficult buying”; secondly, it failed to monitor and control the changes in fruits and vegetables storage environment; thirdly, the information such as origin or the date of fruits and vegetables could not be inquired when fruits and vegetables were sold [10].

The standardization has progressed in recent years in China, but it still couldn’t satisfy the need of fruits and vegetables industry. Firstly, it lacked uniform standards of facilities, equipments and other technical links; secondly, it lacked uniform standard of keeping temperature, humidity, gas density and keeping period; thirdly, it lacked the uniform standard of management and operation in the course of cold chain logistics.

C.The Sluggish Development of The Third Party Cold

Chain Logistics Enterprises

Now the main bodies of those taking part in fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics are farmers, wholesalers, and processing enterprises of fruits and vegetables. The farmers transport and keep the fruits and vegetables using simple methods. Wholesalers and processing enterprises founded some low-level and reconstruction logistic companies by themselves. Their service capability and scale was small and their service standards were not uniform, while the development of large and professional Fruits and Vegetables cold chain Logistic Enterprises was Sluggish [11].

D.The Shortage of The Unified Planning and Layout

The industrialization of agricultural was not well developed in China, and it lacked the overall plan and communication between upstream and downstream of fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics. The development was unbalanced in the harvest, storage, transportation and other steps, and the resources had not got optimized allocation. An investigation was shown that there were not coordinated software and hardware system for fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics to put into operation at present because of lacking the unified arrangements and coordination [4].

IV.T HE D EVELOPMENT S TRATEGIES OF F RUITS AND V EGETABLES C OLD C HAIN L OGISTICS IN C HINA

A.Speeding up The Facilities Construction and The

Technologies Upgrade

It is necessary to build production-areas fruits and vegetables fresh systems that farmers can afford and operate in rural areas, meanwhile it is also necessary to build fruit and vegetable processing centers and low temperature distribution centers in large and medium cities. Moreover government should further improve the national fruit and vegetable green channel network.

In order to guarantee the transportation of domestic fruits and vegetables, it is urgently to speed up the research and application of energy saving and environmentally-friendly refrigerated transport technologies, especially the research and application of the controlled atmosphere refrigerate techniques. China should learn the advanced experience of foreign countries, and then import and absorb advanced fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics techniques.

The key to speed up the technologies upgrade is education. Logistics education system should include undergraduate education, postgraduate education and vocational education. Colleges should offer a series courses in logistics, so as to improve the theoretical level. Because logistics employees need certain practical capacity, it is necessary to develop vocational education in China [12].

B.Strengthening the Informatization and

Standardization Construction

In order to achieve the information sharing between producers and sellers, there is a bad need to establish fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics public information platform including information collecting, processing, releasing and consulting. In order to dynamically and comprehensively monitor and control the environment of all cold chain links and the state of fruits and vegetables, the advanced information technology such as Management Information System (GIS & GPS) and Electronic Data Interchange system should be applied[8].Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is one of the trends for cold chain logistics information technology. Using RFID technology, the changes of fruits and vegetables temperature are recorded in the RFID tag with temperature sensor. Then the fresh degree and quality can be managed finely and instantly.

China should set technique standards (on pre-cooling, refrigeration, transportation, etc) and operation standards (on packaging, loading and unloading, transportation, etc.) of fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics [13]. In addition, government should apply quality and safety certification and market access system. Those systems include Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP), Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), Good Agricultural Practices (GAP), International Organization for Standards (ISO), etc.

C.Speeding up the Development of the Third Party

Logistics Companies and Rural Professional

Cooperatives

Government should follow the guidance of market and companies and provide support in policies and funding , so as to develop a number of fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics companies which have economic strength, advanced management and strong market competitiveness. Sharpening the independent innovation ability is the central segment of developing the third party logistics. Meanwhile, it is necessary to encourage enterprises joint ventures, mergers and acquisitions, so as to rapidly enhance cold-chain logistics services in short-term and gradually become large third party cold chain logistics companies.In order to broaden channels, it is necessary to foster diversity and multi-level circulation bodies and adopt such organizational forms and service methods as commercial chains, physical distribution, the agency system and e-commerce. In addition, China should encourage and support farmers to develop rural professional cooperatives.

D.Making Unified Plans and Layouts

As the existing equipments and facilities of fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics were limited, it is more necessary to make full use of them. China should make unified plans to improve the utilization of them and develop the cold chain logistics step by step. It is also necessary to make unified layouts, so as to optimize the allocation of resources and keep the balance of the development of each link. The exchanges and cooperation among origin, cold chain logistics enterprises, wholesale centers, governments and research departments should be promoted.

E.Formulating and Improving Relevant Policies and

Regulations

More support policies in finance and taxation should be formulated. On the basis of the existing policies and regulations, local governments should formulate relevant laws and regulations which are more conducive to cold chain logistics according to local realities. In addition, being bound by policies and regulations, the markets order can be standardized and good development environment can be created.

V.C ONCLUSION

The output of fruits and vegetables in China is very large, and fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics are important in national economic development. However, it was still at the starting stage in China, and many problems existed. So it is urgently to take relevant measures to develop fruits and vegetables cold chain logistics, so as to reduce fruits and vegetables loss, reduce logistics costs, increase the income of farmers and achieve the sustained and sound development of fruits and vegetables industry.

A CKNOWLEDGMENT

Huazhong Lu is the corresponding author. The paper was supported by the program of Modern Agricultural Industry System (CARS-33), the program of Nature and Technology in Guangdong(2008B021200008), Guangdong Nature and Science (10151064201000038), the Foundation of The President of South China Agricultural University (2009K008).

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幼儿园小班英语教案(水果)

Welcome to Fruit Castle —欢迎来到水果王国 一、教学目标： 1、知识目标： (1) 能听、会读单词：orange, banana, apple (2) 会用Hello或Hi和别人打招呼。 (3) 会说儿歌：苹果apple红又红，香蕉banana弯又弯，桔子orange圆又圆。 2、能力目标 在情景中运用所学的三个水果单词 3、情感目标： (1) 激发学生学习英语的兴趣。 (2) 教育学生养成正确的饮食及用餐习惯。 二、教学重点： 能听、会读单词：orange, banana, apple 三、教学难点： 单词orange的发音 四、教学准备： 课件，水果实物 五、教学步骤： Step 1: Warming up 1、Introduction. 2、Lead in. 出示动画人物Gogo、Tony和Jenny，导出本节课所学主题：跟Gogo他们一起去买水果。

Step 2: Leaning and Practicing. 1、Learn the new word：orange (1) T: Gogo他们买了什么水果？Yes, they bought oranges. (2) Read the word.（边剥桔子边读单词） (3) Say “Hello / Hi” to Mr. Orange. (4) 观察桔子，朗读句子：桔子orange圆又圆。 2、Learn the other two words in the same way. 其中banana拍手操练，apple 采取高低声操练。 3、Practicing. (1) 彩色雨。. (2) Who’s missing? (3) Look and guess. (4) Look and find. (5) 记忆大比拼。 4、Enjoy a story. (1) T: The fruit is very delicious. The snake wants to eat them. Let’s enjoy a story:好饿的小蛇 (2) 逐幅学习故事。 (3) 情感教育：小朋友们吃东西可不能像小蛇那样狼吞虎咽，要细细嚼，慢慢咽，这样食物才消化得好。 Step 3: Summing up. 六、附课件（PPT）。

幼儿英语教案认识水果

幼儿英语教案认识水果 【篇一：幼儿园教案：英语活动《蔬菜vegetables》优 秀教案模板】 幼儿园教案：英语活动《蔬菜vegetables》优秀教案模板 活动目标： 1 了解一些常见蔬菜的名称和特征。(西红柿tomato、黄瓜cucumber、玉米maize, 胡萝卜carrot) 2 引导幼儿运用多种感官感知蔬菜的特征。 活动过程： 一、复习水果fruit t：yesterday，we have gone to fruit’s home. we has known the apple , banana , orange and pear, do you also remember them? s：yes! t：ok!now let me test you !(教师出示图片，问) please take a picture. what is this? is this a fruit? let the vegetables gone here to line up. all these are fruit, all these are vegetables. 二、认识蔬菜 1、认识蔬菜、了解特征 t：this is ??. 1)what color is it?(在黑板上画出颜色) 2)what sample is it?(在黑板上画出样子) t：this is a tomato / cucumber / maize / carrot. it is red / green / yellow / orange. it is round / long、curved弯 / small、one for one一粒一粒 / long、thick粗. color： sample： t：now let us know these vegetables again. please read after me. 2、游戏：摸摸是谁 today, we’ll go to vegetables’s home. look, it’s a pocket. many vegetables in it. what vegetables inside this pocket? if you want to know ,please touch one. who can try?

幼儿英语水果单词教案

幼儿英语水果单词教案 培养幼儿对于英语的兴趣，让幼儿乐意参与英语活动。在教师的带领下，让幼儿了解几种水果的英文名称。以下是小编精心整理的幼儿英语水果单词教案的相关资料，希望对你有帮助! 幼儿英语水果单词教案篇一 【活动目标】 1、培养幼儿对于英语的兴趣，让幼儿乐意参与英语活动。 2、在教师的带领下，让幼儿了解几种水果的英文名称。 3、鼓励幼儿能模仿教师说英语。 【活动准备】 盒子和不透明小袋子一个，苹果、梨、橘子、香蕉的实物及图片各若干，一幅画有一棵大树的画，刀、碟子、餐纸，多媒体课件。 【活动过程】 1、热身运动。 First let us review the song 《eyes ears mouth and nose》 Eyes ears mouth and nose, Mouth and nose, mouth and nose, Eyes ears mouth and nose, It’s my body. 教师与幼儿边唱边做动作，以达到课前的热身准备。 2、学习水果单词。 (1)apple。 教师把已装有苹果的盒子神秘的拿到幼儿面前，激发幼儿探索的欲望. T: Look! What’s this?

C：盒子 T: Yes. A box T: What’s in the box? Do you know? T: Ok, do you want to know? (引导幼儿说出Yes或No) Ding ding dong (敲盒子) T: Who want to try?(作举手状，并引导幼儿说出Let me try) 当幼儿拿出苹果之后，教师：Oh(惊喜的)，What’s this? C:苹果 T:Yes,apple!(教师要抑扬顿挫的反复读).read after me, apple.(幼儿跟读) (2)pear 教师用已切好的雪梨给幼儿尝，并让他们猜出是什么东西。 教师：Hum!(作吃的动作)It’s wonderful! 然后分给幼儿吃：Eat it! 接着问幼儿：What’s this?(梨) 教师：Yes，pear ! read after me, pear. (幼儿跟读) (3)orange 教师用餐巾纸把橘子包起来，然后示范闻一闻，再拿到幼儿面前给他们也闻一闻，并让他们猜猜是什么东西。 T:Hmm!(作闻的动作)The smell is good. 然后拿到幼儿面前：Smell it! 接着问幼儿：What’s this? C:橘子 T:Yes.Orange(教师也要用抑扬顿挫的声调反复读，让幼儿跟读)。 (3)banana

幼儿英语教案认识水果

幼儿英语教案认识水果 培养幼儿对于英语的兴趣，让幼儿乐意参与英语活动、在教师的带领下，让幼儿了解几种水果的英文名称。以下是精心整理的幼儿英语教案认识水果的相关资料，希望对你有帮助! 幼儿英语教案认识水果篇一《认识水果》教案 【活动目标】 1、培养幼儿对于英语的兴趣，让幼儿乐意参与英语活动。 2、在教师的带领下，让幼儿了解几种水果的英文名称。 3、鼓励幼儿能模仿教师说英语。 【活动准备】 盒子和不透明小袋子一个，苹果、梨、橘子、香蕉的实物及图片各若干，一幅画有一棵大树的画，刀、碟子、餐纸，多媒体课件。 【活动过程】 1、热身运动。 First let us review the song 《eyes ears mouth and nose》Eyes ears mouth and nose, Mouth and nose, mouth and nose, Eyes ears mouth and nose, It’s my body. 教师与幼儿边唱边做动作，以达到课前的热身准备。

2、学习水果单词。 (1)apple。 教师把已装有苹果的盒子神秘的拿到幼儿面前，激发幼儿探索的欲望. T: Look! What’s this? C：盒子 T: Yes. A box T: What’s in the box? Do you know? T: Ok, do you want to know? (引导幼儿说出Yes或No) Ding ding dong (敲盒子) T: Who want to try?(作举手状，并引导幼儿说出Let me try) 当幼儿拿出苹果之后，教师：Oh(惊喜的)，What’s this? C:苹果 T:Yes,apple!(教师要抑扬顿挫的反复读).read after me, apple.(幼儿跟读) (2)pear 教师用已切好的雪梨给幼儿尝，并让他们猜出是什么东西。 教师：Hum!(作吃的动作)It’s wonderful! 然后分给幼儿吃：Eat it! 接着问幼儿：What’s this?(梨) 教师：Yes，pear ! read after me, pear. (幼儿跟读) (3)orange

幼儿园小班英语水果教案【三篇】

幼儿园小班英语水果教案【三篇】 导读：本文幼儿园小班英语水果教案【三篇】，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。 Fruit 活动设计背景 我设计的这个活动是小班上学期的英语活动，对于小班年龄段的幼儿来说，英语是个新鲜事物，他们对此有着浓厚的兴趣，他们喜欢英语单词、律动、儿歌……认识新的英语单词是他们值得骄傲的事情之一。 活动目标 1、了解几种常见水果名称，愿意模仿和学说单词“apple”、“banana”、“pear”、“orange”。 2、初步理解句子“I like apples”。 教学重点、难点 重点：认读单词“apple”、“banana”、“pear”、“orange”。 难点：理解句型I like… 活动准备 材料准备：挂图、大小单词卡、点读笔；水果（苹果、香蕉、梨、橘子）、布袋。 环境准备：将装有4种水果的小单词卡分别放在幼儿椅子下。 活动过程：

一、Warming-up（热身活动） 教师和幼儿一起表演歌曲Hello，并相互问好。 二、Presentation（内容呈现） 1、教师拿出装有水果的布袋，让幼儿伸手到布袋里摸一摸，再闻一闻，猜猜口袋里装的是什么。 2、请幼儿将水果从布袋里拿出来，教师用英语逐一介绍“Apple，apple，It’s an apple.” 其他水果方法同上。 3、教师出示挂图，用点读笔点读挂图上的单词，引导幼儿跟读。 三、Practice（活动操练） 游戏：大声小声 1. 教师分别出示“apple”“banana”的大单词字卡，教师小声读，幼儿大声跟读; 教师大声读，幼儿则小声读。 2. 教师出示“pear”、“orange”的大单词字卡，教师从下往上举，教读声音由小到大，幼儿跟读声音也由小到大，反之，教师从上到下举时，声音由大到小，最后到没声。 四、Production（创造巩固） 1、游戏：教师出示“banana”大单词字卡，说出句型“I like banana”，请拿到“banana”小单词卡的幼儿把字卡举起，并将其放入贴有”banana”小单词卡的篮子内。 “apple”、“pear”、“orange”的方法同上。 2、师幼道别

最新整理幼儿园小班英语《水果》教案三篇

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T: Look! what’s this? C：盒子 T: Yes. A box 教师与幼儿一起边唱边做动作，以活跃课堂氛围. What’s in the box? what’s in the box? Do you know ,do you know Who want to try ,let me try Ding ding dong (敲盒子)，let me try T: Ok, do you want to know?(引导幼儿说出Yes或No) T: Who want to try(作举手状，并引导幼儿说出Let me try) 当幼儿拿出苹果之后，教师用英文输入：Oh(惊喜的)，What’s this? C:苹果 T: Yes, apple!(教师要抑扬顿挫的反复输入). B、orange 教师用餐纸把橘子包起来，然后做示范闻一闻，在拿到幼儿面前给他们也闻一闻，并让他们猜出是什么东西。 T: Hmm!(作闻的动作)The smell is good. 然后拿到幼儿面前：Smell it! 接着问幼儿：What’s this? C:橘子 T: Yes. Orange(教师也要用抑扬顿挫的声调反复输入)。 3、幼儿辨认水果。

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T:Yes.Abox T:What’sinthebox?Doyouknow? T:Ok,doyouwanttoknow?(引导幼儿说出Yes或No) Dingdingdong(敲盒子) T:Whowanttotry?(作举手状，并引导幼儿说出Letmetry) 当幼儿拿出苹果之后，教师：Oh(惊喜的)，What’sthis? C:苹果 T:Yes,apple!(教师要抑扬顿挫的反复 读).readafterme,apple.(幼儿跟读) (2)pear 教师用已切好的雪梨给幼儿尝，并让他们猜出是什么东西。 教师：Hum!(作吃的动作)It’swonderful! 然后分给幼儿吃：Eatit! 接着问幼儿：What’sthis?(梨) 教师：Yes，pear!readafterme,pear.(幼儿跟读) (3)orange 教师用餐巾纸把橘子包起来，然后示范闻一闻，再拿到幼儿面前给他们也闻一闻，并让他们猜猜是什么东西。 T:Hmm!(作闻的动作)Thesmellisgood. 然后拿到幼儿面前：Smellit! 接着问幼儿：What’sthis? C:橘子 T:Yes.Orange(教师也要用抑扬顿挫的声调反复读，让幼儿跟读)。

小班认识水果英语教案

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（出示“大房子”，分别打开窗和里面的人物打招呼） t1：look, there is a beautiful building. let’s see who live in it. t1：oh, mummy(daddy\grandma\grandpa) is sleeping, let’s call her\him. all：wake up! wake up!(第一次集体说，第二次分男女说，第三次开小火车说，第四次个别练习) 4、扮演角色表演 ①分组表演 t1：boys, come here. we are daddies. t2：girls, come here. we are babies. ②结对表演 you can change two chairs to a bed, and one act daddy one act baby. 三、退场 和幼儿一起唱《hello，hello》，离场。 t：welcome all the friends. let’s sing together. white and black 目标： 1、在游戏中学习单词white，black,能大胆地运用“it’s?.”的句型来表达。 2、愿意与同伴共同游戏并大胆表达。 准备：黑兔白兔图片各一、黑白圈圈各一、颜色卡片若干、白兔和 黑兔耳朵各六只；黑色和白色各形象图片若干。 流程： 一、情景引趣 1、歌曲“baby bunny” 2、兔妈妈找宝宝 t: i’m mummy rabbit. i can not find my babies. can you help me? you should answer the question“what color can you see?” c: i can see red. 二、学习新单词white ,black 1、黑兔和白兔 t: thank you for your help. look, what color is my baby? t: it’s black 2、黑兔或白兔 t: now my babies can change. look carefully, is it white or black？

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活动过程： 1.热身运动。 教师与幼儿一起欣赏"head and shoulders"，边听边做 动作，以达到课前的活动准备。 2.输入单词。 a、apple。教师把已装有苹果的盒子或袋子神秘的拿到 幼儿面前，让幼儿有探索的欲望. t： look!what's this? c：盒子 t： yes.a box 教师与幼儿一起边唱边做动作，以活跃课堂氛围. what's in the box? what's in the box? do you know，do you know who want to try，let me try ding ding dong(敲盒子)，let me try t： ok，do you want to know?(引导幼儿说出yes或no) t： who want to try(作举手状，并引导幼儿说出let me try) 当幼儿拿出苹果之后，教师用英文输入：oh(惊喜的)，what's this? c：苹果

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（3）现在请小朋友再看看魔术师还能变出什么？（梨子） T：What’s this？ S：It’s a pear。 T：pear，pear，pear。 （4）变出香蕉并提问。 T：What’s this ？ S：It’s a banana T：banana，banana （5）变出葡萄，并提问 T：What are they？ S：They are grapes T：grapes，grapes 3、出示实物，学习新单词olive、grapefruit并让幼儿认真观察以及学习单词的正确发音。 “现在我们再来看看这根魔术棒还能变出什么东西来呢？” （1）出示橄榄并提问 T：What’s this？ S：是橄榄 T：No，no，no，It’s an olive，olive，olive （2）出示釉子并提问 T：What’s this ？ S：是釉子 T：No，no，no，It’s a grapefruit。 （3）Play a game （玩游戏——〈〈大声小声〉〉） 要求：读的时候不要太大声喧哗。 “现在我们来玩个游戏，游戏的名字叫〈〈大声小声〉〉，当魔术师大声的时候，你们就小声，当我小声时你们就大声，明白了吗？Let’s begin，Ok？ OK！小朋友可真棒，先面我把小朋友分成两组，boys ang grils。进行比赛听听谁读得既准确有好听。

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二、摘水果（带幼儿到“果园”） 1、小朋友摘水果。 “Look,There are many fruits.Please pluck them.” 2、收水果（one by one） “Now,please give me your fruit.” 老师边收水果边问：“What's it?”（幼儿必须说出水果名字老师纠正幼儿发音） 3、小结：有这么多水果，我们来看看都有些什么？apple…… 三、Games :I like…… “Look! There are many fruits on the floor.what do you like ?”引导幼儿用I like……句型说出自己喜欢的水果单词。 玩法：幼儿找自己喜欢的水果，说出水果的名称，并说I like …… 例：apple apple ,I like apples .说完幼儿跳进水果图形。 四、取水果。 “Oh ,I'm weary.please have a rest.”与幼儿休息。 “水果店主”：“Who wants it ? Who wants it ?……” 老师走过去：（示范）“I like apple.”买得一个苹果。 玩法：幼儿必须说出“I like……”，否则买不到水果。 五、吃水果。教师个别描述，鼓励幼儿用“I like……”句型进行交流；活动自然结束！ 小百科：经过冷藏后就变坏的水果称为冷害水果，如香蕉放到冰箱贮藏一夜，就可能出现黑色的水渍斑。

幼儿园小班英语活动课《水果》教案设计含反思

幼儿园小班英语活动课《水果》教案设计含反思 小班英语教案《水果》适用于小班的英语主题教学活动当中，让幼儿进一步学习句型：I like，通过活动复习五种水果单词：apple orange pear banana pomelo，巩固幼儿对秋天几种水果的认识，培养幼儿对英语活动的兴趣，鼓励幼儿大胆开口表达，快来看看幼儿园小班英语《水果》教案吧。 活动目标 1、通过活动复习五种水果单词：apple orange pear banana pomelo 2、进一步学习句型：I like …… 3、巩固幼儿对秋天几种水果的认识，培养幼儿对英语活动的兴趣，鼓励幼儿大胆开口表达。 4、幼儿能够融入到英语游戏之中，并能配合教师积极参与到英语活动之中。 5、幼儿能够感受到英语学习的快乐。 活动准备 五种水果及其水果卡片若干，篮子一个，小猴手偶一个。 环境创设 结合室外墙面秋天的主题，在“树”上贴上各种水果图片 在活动室地面上画五个大水果 将实物水果洗净，在活动室一角布置成水果店 活动重难点 活动重点：注意纠正幼儿单词的发音

活动难点：引导幼儿用I like ……表达自己喜欢的水果 活动过程 一、出示手偶，引入活动。 “Good morning,boys and girls.Look!Who's coming?”（幼：小猴） 小猴：“我有一片很大的果园，现在果子都成熟了。我想请小朋友们帮忙摘水果。Can you help me?” 二、摘水果（带幼儿到“果园”） 1、小朋友摘水果。 “Look,There are many fruits.Please pluck them.” 2、收水果（one by one） “Now,please give me your fruit.” 老师边收水果边问：“What's it?”（幼儿必须说出水果名字老师纠正幼儿发音） 3、小结：有这么多水果，我们来看看都有些什么？apple…… 三、Games :I like…… “Look! There are many fruits on the floor.wha t do you like ?”引导幼儿用I like……句型说出自己喜欢的水果单词。 玩法：幼儿找自己喜欢的水果，说出水果的名称，并说I like ……例：apple apple ,I like apples .说完幼儿跳进水果图形。 四、取水果。

小班英语水果教案

小班英语水果教案 小班英语水果教案 篇一:小班水果英语教案 小班英语:苹果，雪梨和香蕉 【活动目标】 1、学会新单词:Apple;pear;banana。 2、注意发音的准确性和饱满性，语调适合，能将单词和实物联系在一起。 3、能热爱英语，喜欢用英语表达，有自信心说英语。 【活动准备】 1、一个苹果，雪梨，一个香蕉。 2、三幅水果的图片。 【活动过程】 1、教师引入话题“小朋友们，你们喜欢吃什么水果呀,”引发幼儿兴趣和讨论后，教师适当停住“好的，但是我们今天先来学习几个水果的新单词，以后慢慢都学会，好吗,” 2、教师出示苹果，孩子会用中文喊出名称。老师可直接点头并且示范“apple”，教师要注意多次示范发音，尤其注意观察每个孩子发音，但不可用直接纠正的方法，可多次示范正确的读音，让孩子自己意识到并且模仿。 3、同理示范香蕉和雪梨。 4、教师将三幅水果的图片贴在教室的墙上，并且尽量使图片隔离得有一定距离。然后老师念英文，孩子要根据听到的英文去迅速触摸墙上相应的照片，锻炼孩子将单词与实物联系的能力。孩子熟悉后，可以请别的小朋友念英文，教师与别的小朋友触摸图片。 5、看视频。看这个视频里有没有我们今天学到的英文,如果有，有哪些,带领小朋友一起巩固 自评:课堂气氛活跃，孩子们掌握的很轻松，达到了寓教于乐的目的。在第4环节中，老师说英文孩子去摸图片，孩子摸完图片，老师不应该直接说对错，应该问场下的孩子们这个孩子摸的对不对，掌声在哪里,这样互动会更好，孩子们会更积极。 篇二:3岁幼儿英语水果教学案例分析 《Fingerprints英语》1A Unit 4 Fruit salad 【课题名称】 Fruit 【教学内容】词汇:apple, orange, banana, pear 句型:【教学准备】水果实物、各种水果模具、魔法袋、塑料小刀、牙签、一次性餐盘。 【教学过程】 Step 1. Warm up (热身练习)

幼儿园小班英语教案《水果》

幼儿园小班英语课《水果》 小班英语课《水果》适用于小班英语主题的教学活动，让孩子们进一步学习句子模式：我喜欢通过该活动复习五个水果单词：苹果，橙，梨，香蕉，柚子，以巩固孩子在秋季对几种水果的理解，培养孩子对英语活动的兴趣，鼓励孩子表达胆识，让我们看一下幼儿园小班英语《水果》的教学计划。 活动目标 1.通过活动回顾五个水果词：苹果，橙，梨，香蕉，柚子 2.了解更多关于句子模式的信息：我喜欢. 3.在秋天巩固孩子对几种水果的理解，培养孩子对英语活动的兴趣，并鼓励孩子表达自己的勇气。 4，幼儿可以融入英语游戏，并可以与老师合作积极参加英语活动。 5，幼儿可以感受到学习英语的乐趣。 活动准备 有五种水果和它们的水果卡，一个篮子和一个猴子手偶。 创造环境 结合户外墙坠落的主题，在“树”上放置各种水果图片 在活动室的地板上画五个大水果 洗净水果中的水果，并将其放入活动室角落的水果店。

困难重重 活动重点：注意纠正儿童单词的发音 活动中的困难：引导孩子使用“我喜欢.”表达自己喜欢的水果 活动程序 首先，显示木偶并介绍活动。 早上好，男孩和女孩。看！谁来了？' （年轻：小猴子） 小猴子：“我有一个大果园，现在果实成熟了。我想请孩子们帮忙摘水果。你能帮助我吗？' 第二，采摘水果（带孩子去“果园”） 1.儿童采摘水果。 “看，有很多水果，请摘下来。” 2，收集水果（一一） “现在，请给我你的水果。” 老师要水果：“什么？”（孩子必须说出水果名字的老师来纠正孩子的发音） 3.总结：有很多水果，我们要看什么？苹果. 第三，游戏:我喜欢. '看！地板上有很多水果。你喜欢什么？ 喜欢.句子模式说出您喜欢的水果单词。

小班英语教案

小班英语教案:(apple and orange) 活动设计理念： 以发展幼儿英语语言为主线，其中穿插一些游戏，让幼儿在玩中学。水果是幼儿日常生活中最常接触的物质之一。因此，从简单、熟悉的东西以及培养听力入手，使小班幼儿对英语活动产生兴趣并鼓励幼儿模仿和表达。 活动目标： 1、培养幼儿对于英语的兴趣，让幼儿乐意参与英语活动。 2、在教师的带领下，让幼儿了解几种水果的英文名称。 3、鼓励幼儿能模仿教师说英语。 活动内容： 认识水果apple、orange。由于该内容是幼儿日常生活中比较熟悉的，因此，学习的难度不是很大。在这个活动之前，教师可先复习“headandshoulders”这首歌，边唱边做动作，从而让幼儿对五官有进一步的认识和巩固。然后通过教师的引导，认识apple和orange，并且初步理解yes/no/ilike…的含义。其中穿插摘果及品尝水果的游戏活动，让幼儿在快乐中学习。 活动准备： 盒子或小袋子一个，苹果、橘子实物及图片各若干，一幅画有一棵大树的画，刀、碟子、餐纸，磁带、录音机。 活动过程： 1．热身运动。 教师与幼儿一起欣赏“head and shoulders”，边听边做动作，以达到课前的活动准备。 2．输入单词。 a、apple。教师把已装有苹果的盒子或袋子神秘的拿到幼儿面前，让幼儿有探索的欲望. t：look！what’s this？ c：盒子 t：yes.a box 教师与幼儿一起边唱边做动作，以活跃课堂氛围. what’s in the box？what’s in the box？ do you know，do you know who want to try，let me try ding ding dong(敲盒子)，let me try t：ok，do you want to know？(引导幼儿说出yes或no) t：who want to try(作举手状，并引导幼儿说出let me try) 当幼儿拿出苹果之后，教师用英文输入：oh(惊喜的)，what’s this？ c：苹果 b、orange 教师用餐纸把橘子包起来，然后做示范闻一闻，在拿到幼儿面前给他们也闻一闻，并让他们猜出是什么东西。 t：hmm！（作闻的动作）the smellis good. 然后拿到幼儿面前：smell it！ 接着问幼儿：what’s this？

英语水果教案

1、打招呼。Good morning/Good afternoon.Everybody！Welcome to Jiaying to take apart the English course.I’m your English teacher Miss Chen.欢迎来到佳英来参加试听课程，我是给你们上英语试听课的陈丽老师。I hope we will have a good time.Did you have an English name?你们有英文名字吗？My English name is Lily.我的英文名字叫Lily.What’s your English name? 2、OK.If you don’t have an English name.It doesn’t matter.Through this lesson,I will help you to find your English name.All of you will have an English name.OK?你们每个人都将会有英语名字。 3、Now look here.(拿出一篮子水果）What are they?这些是什么。Yes,fruit. So many fruit,right?It’s fresh and yummy.Do you like to eat fruit?你们喜欢吃水果吗？What’s your favourite fruit?学生各抒己见。 4、播放PPT。I know you have already learned some of them.我知道你们可能已经学了一些有关于水果的单词了。Today we also have some new words about the fruit.今天我们会在复习以前学过的水果的基础上再学习多一两个新的水果单词。 5、学习完单词。做水果拼盘活动。 首先讲清楚几点要求： 1.要注意清洁卫生，保持地面清洁。 2.使用小刀等器材时要注意安全。 3.活动中，大家要互相合作，大胆想象，你们觉得色彩怎样优美就怎样搭配。发挥你们的创新精神。 4.做好后可以给它取个名字。比如什么龙飞凤舞，天马行空都可以。 5.时间10分钟。 6.做完后评分三种奖项。

幼儿园教案 水果的英语单词学习

水果的英语单词学习 Ⅰ活动目标（Teaching Aim） 1(a)能听懂、会说apple,banana,pear. (b)当看到卡片时幼儿能认读单词apple,banana,pear. 2教学难点：apple,banana,pear的正确发音。 Ⅱ活动准备（Teaching Aids） 1教具准备：ards,教师自制教具。 2经验准备：幼儿在日常生活中对水果有所了解。 Ⅲ活动过程 Step1 Greetings(问候) 教师和孩子相互问候。 T:Hello,Kids. S:Hello,Nancy. T:How are you? S:I’m fine,thank you.and you? T:I’m fine too,thank you. Step2 Warm up (热身运动) Fingers turn Fingers,fingers,turn,turn,turn,turn to an apple,red and red. Fingers,fingers,turn,turn,turn, turn to a banana,long and long. Fingers,fingers,turn,turn,turn, turn to a pear,sweet and sweet. 1教师先边说边做动作做一遍； 2教师教幼儿边说边做动作； 3教师带领幼儿一起边说边做动作。

Step3 Leading(导入) 1课前教师先把做好的道具放在教室的不同地方； 2教师做出饥饿的动作，然后问幼儿：Where is my apple\banana\pear? 教师带领幼儿一起寻找apple\banana\pear,找到水果后，教师把单词先读两遍。 T:I’m hungry,where is my apple? S：(teacher leading kids to find apple)在这里。 T:Oh,it’s here.apple,apple.. (Leading banana\pear like this) Step4 Presentation(新课呈现) 1教师依次出示卡片apple\banana\pear. 然后带领幼儿依次读单词apple\banana\pear用Kiss the Card,T ouch the Card等游戏来让幼儿加深印象T：Apple,read after me,apple. S: Apple. T: Apple(do the action of kiss the card) S: Apple(do the action of kiss the card) (teaching banana,pear like this) 2把卡片apple banana\pear贴在黑板上，然后问幼儿：What’s this?引导幼儿回答apple\banana\pear T: What’s this? S:Apple\banana\pear. Step5 Practice（巩固） 通过游戏《Who is the fastest》来巩固单词