09年12月英语四级考试模拟题及答案

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled “How to Conduct Patriotic Education Among the Youth of Today”. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 我国爱国主义教育的现状;

2. 爱国主义教育的重要意义;

3. 如何在青少年中开展爱国主义教育?

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Work-life balance: Ways to restore harmony and reduce stress

Finding work-life balance in today’s frenetically (疯狂) paced world is no simple task.

Spend more time at work than at home, and you miss out on a rewarding personal life. Then again, when you face challenges in your personal life, such as caring for an aging parent or coping with marital problems, concentrating on your job can be difficult.

Whether the problem is too much focus on work or too little, when your work life and your personal life feel out of balance, stress —along with its harmful effects —is the result.

The good news is that you can take control of your work-life balance —and give yourself the time to do the things that are most important to you. The first step is to recognize how the world of work has changed. Then you can evaluate your relationship to work and apply some specific strategies for striking a healthier balance.

How work invades your personal life

There was a time when employees showed up for work Monday through Friday and worked eight- to nine-hour days. The boundaries between work and home were fairly clear then. But the world has changed and, unfortunately, the boundaries have blurred for many workers. Here’s why:

●Global economy. As more skilled workers enter the global labor market and companies outsource or move more jobs to reduce labor costs, people feel pressured to work longer and produce more just to protect their jobs.

●International business. Work continues around the world 24 hours a day for some people. If you work in an international organization, you might be on call around the clock for troubleshooting or consulting.

●Advanced communication technology. Many people now have the ability to work anywhere —from their home, from their car and even on vacation. And some managers expect this.

●Longer hours. Employers commonly ask employees to work longer hours than they’re scheduled. Often, overtime is mandatory (强制性的). If you hope to move up the career ladder, you may find yourself regularly working more than 40 hours a week to achieve and exceed expectations.

●Changes in family roles. Today’s married worker is typically part of a dual-career couple, which makes it difficult to find time to meet commitments to family, friends and community.

Married to your work

It can be tempting to rack up the hours at work —especially if you’re trying to earn a promotion or some extra money for a child’s education or a dream vacation. For others, working

more hours feels necessary in order to manage the workload.

But if you’re spending most of your time at work, your home life will likely pay the price. Consider the pros and cons of working extra hours on your work-life balance:

●Fatigue. Your ability to think and your eye-hand coordination decrease when you’re tired. This means you’re less productive and may make more mistakes. These mistakes can lead to injury or rework and negatively impact your professional reputation.

●Family. You may miss out on important events, such as your child’s first bike ride, your father’s 60th birthday or your high-school reunion. Missing out on important milestones may harm relationships with your loved ones.

●Friends. Trusted friends are a key part of your support system. But if you’re spending time at the office instead of with them, you’ll find it difficult to nurture those friendships.

●Expectations. If you regularly work extra hours, you may be given more responsibility. This could create a never-ending and increasing cycle, causing more concerns and challenges.

Sometimes working overtime is important. If you work for a company that requires mandatory overtime, you won’t be able to avoid it, but you can learn to manage it. Most importantly, say no when you’re too tired, when it’s affecting your health or when you have crucial family obligations.

Striking the best work-life balance

For most people, juggling (巧妙处理) the demands of career and personal life is an ongoing challenge. With so many demands on your time —from overtime to family obligations —it can feel difficult to strike this balance. The goal is to make time for the activities that are the most important to you.

Here are some ideas to help you find the balance that’s best for you:

●Learn to say no. Whether it’s a co-worker asking you to spearhead (充当先锋) an extra project or your child’s teacher asking you to manage the class play, remember that it’s OK to respectfully say no. When you quit doing the things you only do out of guilt or a false sense of obligation, you’ll make more room in your life for the activities that are meaningful to you and bring you joy.

●Leave work at work. Make a conscious decision to separate work time from personal time. When with your family, for instance, turn off your cell phone and put away your laptop computer.

●Manage your time. Organize household tasks efficiently. Do one or two loads of laundry every day, rather than saving it all for your day off. A weekly family calendar of important dates and a daily list of to-dos will help you avoid deadline panic. If your employer offers a course in time management, sign up for it.

●Get enough sleep. There’s nothing as stressful and potentially dangerous as working when you’re sleep-deprived. Not only is your productivity affected, but also you can make costly mistakes. You may then have to work even more hours to make up for these mistakes.

●Communicate clearly. Limit time-consuming misunderstandings by communicating clearly and listening carefully. Take notes if necessary.

●Nurture yourself. Set aside time each day for an activity that you enjoy, such as walking, working out or listening to music.

●Set aside one night each week for recreation. Take the phone off the hook, power down the computer and turn off the TV. Discover activities you can do with your partner, family or friends, such as playing golf, fishing or canoeing. Making time for activities you enjoy will rejuvenate (使

年轻) you.

Remember, striking a work-life balance isn’t a one-shot deal. Creating balance in your life is a continuous process. Balance doesn’t mean doing everything. Examine your priorities and set boundaries. Be firm in what you can and cannot do. Only you can restore harmony to your lifestyle.

1. What will happen if your work life and personal life feel out of balance?

A) You will have little time to finish your work.

B) You may feel stress, which will affect you negatively.

C) You will have a lot of time to share with your family.

D) You will never balance the combination of life and work.

2. The boundaries between work and home have blurred for the following reasons, EXCEPT _______.

A) global economy B) changes in family roles

C) advanced communication technology D) high divorce rate

3. What will happen if you’re spending most of your time at work?

A) You will lose both health and wealth. B) You will be hated by your loved ones.

C) You will lose all your friends. D) You may be given more responsibility.

4. According to the passage, you’d better say no to mandatory overtime when _______________.

A) you get bored with the work B) you are not interested in the work

C) you can’t get additional allowance D) you have crucial family obligations

5. What does the underlined sentence mean?

A) You should do the things people ask you to do without feeling guilty.

B) You shouldn’t do the things people ask you to do if you don’t want to.

C) To do things people ask you to do can bring you a lot of joy.

D) To do things for yourself is more meaningful than to do things for others.

6. What will NOT happen if you don’t get enough sleep?

A) You will feel stressed while working. B) You will have no sense of exhaustion.

C) You can make costly mistakes. D) You will have low productivity.

7. What does the real balance mean according to the author?

A) Examining priorities and deciding what is the most important to you.

B) Doing everything you want to do whether you can do it or not.

C) Saying yes to everybody in order to maintain good relationships.

D) Being firm that working overtime will strike a work-life balance.

8. Spend more time at work than at home, and you won’t have enough time to enjoy your _______________.

9. You have slow responses and your eye-hand coordination decreases when you’re ________.

10. You can save a lot of time and avoid misunderstandings if you communicate clearly and ____________.

Part III Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

■Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one

word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 11 to 20 are based on the following passage.

Major retailers and car manufacturers have slashed (削减) their marketing budgets in the six months to October, 2008, as the financial crisis has taken its toll, while supermarkets have 11 advertising spending in a battle to prove that they offer the most 12 prices.

According to new research undertaken for The Daily Telegraph by Nielsen Media Research, in the six months to September 30, 2008, Marks & Spencer’s advertising spend fell 20.3pc to ￡25.3m, 13 with the same period in 2007.

While the retailer has spent heavily on a campaign 14 celebrities in the past two years, it is understood to be cutting back on celebrity spending in 2009. The retailer is, however, still the UK’s 25th largest spender on advertising,

15 being at 17th place in the six months to September 30, 2007.

Car manufacturers have also significantly 16 back on marketing spending, believed to be a result of the financial crisis. According to Nielsen, Ford spent ￡26.6m in the six months to September 30, 2008, down 21pc from the same period last year. Vauxhall also 17 spending by 15.6pc in the period to ￡26.5m.

For supermarkets, however, a significant increase in advertising spending, it appears, is a 18 as they seek to woo (追求) increasingly price- 19 customers. The leading supermarkets have 20 an aggressive price war in the past six months as consumers have been faced with news of higher food prices.

A) conscientious I) necessity

B) conscious J) contribution

C) against K) reduced

D) despite L) moreover

E) comparing M) scaled

F) compared N) competitive

G) launched O) featuring

H) boosted

■Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

There are more than 2,000 different kinds of mosquitoes. Female mosquitoes bite people to drink their blood. Male mosquitoes do not drink blood. They drink fluids from plants. The female mosquito uses its thin sucking tube to break the skin, find blood and inject the victim with a substance that keeps blood flowing.

The female mosquito drinks the blood and uses it to produce as many as 250 eggs. The insect leaves the eggs in any standing water.

The eggs produce worm-like creatures called larvae (幼虫) in two days to a few months. However, some eggs can stay in water for years until conditions are right for development. The

larvae feed on organisms in the water. After four to ten days, they change again, into creatures called pupas (蛹). The pupas rise to the surface of the water. Adult mosquitoes pull themselves out of the pupas and fly away.

The World Health Organization (WHO) says mosquitoes carry organisms that cause disease and death for millions of people throughout the world. The most important disease spread by mosquitoes is malaria (疟疾). The WHO says 247 million people became infected with malaria in 2006. Malaria caused almost one million deaths, mostly among children in Africa. The disease is found in more than one hundred countries in Africa, Asia, the western Pacific Ocean, the Middle East and Central and South America.

Malaria parasites (寄生虫) enter a person’s blood through a mosquito bite. These organisms travel to the liver. They grow and divide there. After a week or two, the parasites invade red blood cells and reproduce thousands of times. They cause the person’s body temperature to rise. They also may destroy major organs. People with malaria may suffer kidney failure or loss of red blood cells.

Some medicines are generally effective in preventing and treating malaria. They are designed to prevent the parasites from developing in the body. People die from malaria because they are not treated for the disease or the treatment is delayed.

21. According to the passage, we can infer that _________.

A) female mosquitoes don’t bite animals

B) female mosquitoes bite people for a substance that keeps blood flowing

C) malaria is found everywhere in the world

D) countries in Europe and North America have low malaria death rate

22. What is the right order in which mosquitoes grow?

a. Adult mosquitoes pull themselves out of the pupas and fly away.

b. The larvae change into creatures called pupas.

c. The insect leaves the eggs in any standing water.

d. The eggs produce worm-like creatures called larva

e.

A) c, a, b, d B) d, c, b, a C) c, d, b, a D) d, b, c, a

23. According to the WHO, the organisms carried by mosquitoes __________.

A) are the food for larvae

B) have led to the death of millions of people in the world

C) invade red blood cells first and then destroy major organs

D) can enter a person’s brain through the mosquito’s bite

24. According to the passage, malaria medicines are generally designed to _______.

A) keep people’s body temperature at a normal level

B) prevent parasites from entering people’s skins

C) stop parasites from growing inside the body

D) stop parasites from invading red blood cells

25. What is the passage mainly talking about?

A) The growing process of mosquitoes and the diseases spread by them.

B) The medicines used in preventing and treating malaria.

C) The kinds of mosquitoes in the world today.

D) The larvae of mosquitoes feed on organisms in the water.

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

Conservationists call them hot spots —habitats that cover just 1.4 percent of the earth’s land surface but are so rich in biological diversity that preserving them could keep an astonishing number of plant and animal species off the endangered list.

Since 1988, when Dr. Norman Myers and his colleagues began describing these hot spots in a series of scientific papers and arguing for their protection, they have become a focus of worldwide conservation efforts. Private organizations and government agencies, including the World Bank, have made preserving 25 such ecological arks a top priority for financing and protective legislation. But a growing chorus of scientists is warning that directing conservation funds to hot spots may be a recipe for major losses in the future. Of species that live on land, nearly half of all plants and more than a third of all animals are found only in the hot spots. But they do not include many rare species and major animal groups that live in less biologically rich regions (“cold spots”). And the hot-spot concept does not factor in the importance of some ecosystems to human beings, the scientists argue.

This debate has been simmering quietly among biologists for years; however, it is coming to a boil now with the publication of an article in the current issue of American Scientist arguing that “calls to direct conservation funding to the world’s biodiversity hot spots may be bad investment advice.” “The hot-spot concept has grown so popular in recent years within the larger conservation community that it now risks eclipsing all other approaches,” write the authors of the paper. “The officers and directors of all too many foundations, non-governmental organizations and int ernational agencies have been seduced by the simplicity of the hot spot idea,” they go on. “We worry that the initially appealing idea of getting the most species per unit area is, in fact, a thoroughly misleading strategy.”

But hot spots have their ardent defenders, notably Dr. Norman Myers and Dr. Russell Mittermeier. Dr. Myers says hot spots have been successful at attracting attention and financing for conservation in tropical countries. “And that has been good,”he said. “No one is suggesting that one invest solely in hot spots, but if you want to avoid extinctions, you have to invest in them.”

26. The best title for this passage would be ________.

A) A Debate on Preserving Hot Spots B) An Introduction to Hot Spots

C) Hot Spots vs. Cold Spots D) How to Finance Hot Spots

27. Hot spots occupy a small percentage of the earth’s land surface with _____________.

A) a third of all plants B) many major animal groups living in cold spots

C) rich biological diversity D) many rare species living in cold spots

28. Critics of hot spots hold the opinion that ________.

A) hot spots are always as important as cold spots

B) it is unwise to invest largely in hot spots

C) governments should choose the best time to invest in hot spots

D) the hot-spot approach is a misleading strategy from the very beginning

29. According to Dr. Norman Myers, _________.

A) protecting and investing in hot spots can save species from extinction

B) conservation efforts should not center on hot spots

C) governments should invest most in cold spots

D) the hot-spot approach now is not as good as it was in the past

30. What is the writer’s attitude towards the hot-spot approach?

A) Critical. B) Neutral. C) Supportive. D) Doubtful.

Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.

Two million years ago, just as the Earth’s primitive apemen were evolving into big-brained humans, a pair of supernovae explosions occurred near Earth. Our planet was buffeted (冲击) with blasts of radiation —with 31 effects. “These supernovae would 32 away our protective ozone layer,”said Dr Narciso Benitez of Johns Hopkins University. Earth lost its protection 33 ultraviolet light. All sorts of mutational (突变) damage to animals’DNA would have occurred. New species could have emerged 34 . It is possible that Homo sapiens (智人) may have been one of these.

The likely 35 of a supernova’s radiation led scientists in the past 36 that one may have affected 37 on Earth. Benitez now believes that 38 two supernovae occurred near Earth two million years ago: The first would have blasted space free 39 interstellar particles; and the second would have struck Earth at full force, 40 its ozone layer.

Observations of space around our Sun have revealed that, 41 the rest of the galaxy, space near us has little interstellar gas in it. “42 it is missing much of its dust and gas —just as if a supernova 43 it out,”added Maíz-Apellániz. 44 , our tiny corner of the galaxy appears to have been swept clean by a supernova brush about two million years ago; and intriguingly, at just this time, a set of extinctions —known as the Pliocene (上新世) / Pleistocene (更新世) extinctions —is also known 45 .

It was also around this time that mankind’s direct ancestor, Homo erectus, the species 46 to be the first true human being, appeared in Africa and Asia after 47 more primitive ape-like creatures. These beings may have been some of the lucky few who were able to 48 advantage of conditions in these hazardous, radioactive 49 . This triumph only occurred thanks to this celestial (上天的) 50 , however.

31. A) devastate B) devastating C) devastated D) devastation

32. A) blow B) have blown C) blew D) be blowing

33. A) in B) on C) against D) to

34. A) as a result of B) as a result C) the end result D) from the result of

35. A) compact B) contact C) intact D) impact

36. A) speculate B) speculating C) to speculate D) speculated

37. A) evolution B) revolution C) resolution D) solution

38. A) at least B) at most C) at first D) at last

39. A) with B) without C) at D) of

40. A) destroyed B) to destroy C) destroying D) destroy

41. A) unlikely B) likely C) unlike D) dislike

42. A) Definitely B) Obviously C) Eventually D) Essentially

43. A) would clean B) cleaned C) have cleaned D) had cleaned

44. A) In word B) In words C) In other words D) In a word

45. A) to occur B) to have occurred C) occurring D) have occurred

46. A) considered B) was considered C) considering D) being considered

47. A) placing B) replacing C) being placed D) being replaced

48. A) get B) gain C) win D) take

49. A) reasons B) results C) spaces D) times

50. A) invention B) intervention C) convention D) creation

Part V Translation (5 minutes)

Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

51. Don’t get involved in love games too early. _______ (要是……该怎么办) you suffer from failure in love?

52. That car ___________________(尽给我添麻烦) ever since I bought it.

53. _______________________ (努力不吸入) the vapor, Thomas turned his head.

54. But for his wife’s encouragement, he _____________ (就不能发明那个机器).

55. It _________________________ (直到得到有关当局的批准) that we can start the job.

Part I Writing

One possible version:

How to Conduct Patriotic Education Among the Youth of Today

These years have seen a widespread neglect of patriotic education in our society. According to some official reports, many patriotic education centers have been closed down or kept open to the public for other more profitable purposes, while many of our national heroes have given way to today’s pop stars in youth’s minds. If this current is allowed to run its c ourse, I am afraid, things are bound to turn for the worse, with less and less sense of patriotism left in the youth.

The significance of patriotic education to our society can be seen from the following perspectives: Patriotic education can make youth more aware of the glorious history and culture of our nation, thus building up their sense of pride as Chinese. Furthermore, patriotic education helps youth value today’s hard-earned life so as to hold dearer their golden chances of enriching themselves with knowledge in peace.

So the most pressing issue for us now is how to effectively instill patriotism in the youth of today. In my opinion, the first step should be focused upon giving fuller play to the potential of patriotic education centers instead of running them for the purpose of making money. Then, greater efforts must be made to integrate patriotic education into the curriculums throughout a student’s education. In short, where there is effective patriotic education of youth, there is a greater enhancement of national cohesion.

Part II Reading Comprehension

(Skimming and Scanning)

1. B)。参见第三段“Whether the problem is too much focus on work or too little, when your work life and your personal life feel out of balance, stress —along with its harmful effects —is the result.”可知，当你生活和工作的平衡被打乱的时候，你就会感到压力，这种压力会给你带来不好的影响。

2. D)。参见How work invades your personal life小标题下列举的打乱生活和工作平衡的内容可知，A)、B)、C)三个选项的内容与文章相符，唯有D)在文章中没有提及。

3. D)。参见Married to your work小标题下列举的过度工作可能给自己和家人或朋友带来的影响可知，文章提到了过度工作会使你疲劳并导致效率低下;过度工作还会占用你与家人和朋友团聚的时间而使亲情、友情受到影响;过度工作还会使你深陷工作泥潭以至于你肩上的担子越压越重。A)、B)、C)三个选项在一定程度上改变了文章的含义，只有D)与原文

内容相符。

4. D)。参见Married to your work小标题下“Most importantly, say no when you’re too tired, when it’s affecting your health or when you have crucial family obligations.”一句可知，当你遇到如下三种情况的时候要对加班说“不”：太累了;影响到你的健康;有至关重要的家事。

5. B)。参见Striking the best work-life balance小标题下画线一句可知，作者是在建议大家学会说“不”，当别人让你帮助做某事的时候，你如果不想做，可以礼貌地拒绝，而不要强迫自己去做。

6. B)。参见Striking the best work-life balance小标题下Get enough sleep.一段所讲述的内容可知，如果你睡眠不足，你可能会在工作的时候感觉有压力;你可能会犯错误而因此付出高昂的代价;你的工作效率低下。但是文章中并没有说当你睡眠不足的时候，你就没有疲劳的感觉。

7. A)。纵观全文可知，本文作者认为，做出正确的判断和决定，判断哪些事情比较紧急，决定哪些事情对你来说是最重要的。

8. personal life。参见文章“Spend more time at work than at home, and you miss out on a rewarding personal life.”一句可知，如果你的工作占用了你大部分时间，那么你就没有足够的时间来享受生活。

9. tired。参见Married to your work小标题下“Your ability to think and your eye-hand coordination decrease when you’re tired.”一句可知，当你疲惫的时候你的反应速度在降低，你手眼协调能力在下降。

10. listen carefully。参见Striking the best work-life balance小标题下“Limit time-consuming misunderstandings by communicating clearly and listening carefully.”一句可知，如果你在与人交流的时候表达清楚、仔细倾听，那么你可以节省大量因为沟通中的误解所浪费的时间。

Part III Reading Comprehension

(Reading in Depth)

Section A

11. H)。该空应该填入动词的过去分词。查看相关选项F)compared(比较)、G) launched(发起)、H) boosted(增加)、K) reduced(减少)和M)scaled(按比例增加或减少)。本句中，while(而)提示逗号前后的两个部分在语意上是对立的，逗号前部分提到了have slashed(已经大量削减)，那么逗号后的待填空就应选择一词，其词义与slashed相反，由于scale在该词义下为不及物动词，故选H)。

12. N)。该空应该填入形容词。查看相关选项A)conscientious(尽责的)、B)conscious(有意识的)和N)competitive(竞争的)，根据句意，超市增加广告投入以证明其价格是最有竞争力的，所以N)符合句意要求，为答案。

13. F)。该空应该填入非谓语动词形式，并且能与with搭配。查看选项，只有compare 能与with搭配，意思是“与……相比”，结构是compare sth. with sth.，所以用在非谓语结构中的形式是compared而不是comparing。

14. O)。该空应该填入非谓语动词。本题考查的是单词的词义和用法，查看相关选项，锁定featuring，词义是“由……主演，以……为特色”，为及物动词，该处的意思是“广告活动由名人代言”。

15. D)。该空应该填入一个介词。此处讲的是零售商减少了在广告方面的投入，2007年的统计数据显示他们在广告方面的投入排名第17位，在2008年他们在广告方面的排名是第25位。

16. M)。该空应该填入动词的过去分词。查看相关选项G) launched、K) reduced和M)scaled。also提示该句提到的情况应该和上文提到的retailer的情况相同，即削减广告投入，

所以可能选reduced和scaled，但reduce为及物动词，后面不能用介词back。scale back的意思是“按比例逐步减少”。

17. K)。该空应该填入动词的过去式。查看相关选项G) launched和K) reduced。该句提到的Vauxhall是例子，用来证明前文提到的汽车生产商削减市场投入，故应填入reduced以在语意上和前文保持一致性。

18. I)。该空应该填入名词。查看相关选项I) necessity(需要，必要性)和J) contribution(贡献)。根据句意，“大量增加广告费用”是“吸引更多的顾客”的条件。

19. B)。该空应该填入形容词。查看相关选项A)conscientious(尽责的)和B)conscious(有意识的，特别注意的)，顾客当然是对价格“特别注意”，而不是“尽责”。

20. G)。该空应该填入动词的过去分词。查看相关选项G) launched。短语launch a war 的意思是“发动战争”，符合句意，为答案。

Section B

Passage One

21. D)。参见文章第四段“The disease is found in more than one hundred countries in Africa, Asia, the western Pacific Ocean, the Middle East and Central and South America.”可知，在世界上100多个国家已经发现疟疾这种疾病，如在非洲、亚洲、太平洋西海岸、中东、中美洲和南美洲。再根据本段第一句话“The World Health Organization (WHO) says mosquitoes carry organisms that cause disease and death for millions of people throughout the world.”得知，疟疾这种疾病能够造成数百万人死亡，所以可以推测出在上述地区由于疟疾而产生的死亡率很高。因此，选择D)选项，疟疾在欧洲和北美洲有较低的死亡率。

22. C)。本题是考查读者对于文章的具体理解，即蚊子的成长先后顺序。由第二段“The insect leaves the eggs in any standing water.”可知，蚊子首先将卵排在静止的水中，即c;由第三段“The eggs produce worm-like creatures called larvae in two days to a few months.”可知，两天或几个月后，卵就孵化成蠕虫状的幼虫，即d;由第三段“After four to ten days, they change again, into creatures called pupas.”可知，四到十天后，幼虫改变形态，变成蛹，即b;由第三段最后一句话“Adult mosquitoes pull themselves out of the pupas and fly away.”可知，蚊子长成后破茧而出，即a。所以，C)是正确选项。

23. B)。参见文章第四段“The World Health Organization says mosquitoes carry organisms that cause disease and death for millions of people throughout the world.”可知，世界卫生组织称蚊子携带的生物体可以引发疾病，并导致世界上数百万人死亡，所以选择B)。A)、C)、

D)三项与原文不符。

24. C)。参见第六段“They are designed to prevent the parasites from developing in the body.”可知，药物的研制是为了阻止体内寄生虫的生长发育，故选C)。其余三项与原文不符。

25. A)。文章前三段是在讲蚊子的生长过程，后面几段主要讲由蚊子传播的疾病，主要是疟疾，所以A)是正确答案，B)、C)、D)三项的内容虽然在文章中有所提及，但不是主要内容。

Passage Two

26. A)。文章主旨题。本文讲的是是否应该保护占地球陆地面积很少但物种却极其丰富的“热点”地区，故正确答案为A);选项B)意为“热点”地区介绍，而本文不是一篇介绍性文章;选项C)意为比较“热点”地区和“冷点”地区，脱离文章内容;选项D)意为怎样投资“热点”地区，虽然文中提到了给“热点”地区投资的建议，但不能概括整篇文章的内容。

27. C)。事实细节题。第一段提到“cover just 1.4 percent of the earth’s land surface but are so rich in biological diversity”;第二段又提到“nearly half of all plants and more than a third of all

animals are found only in the hot spots. But they do not include many rare species and major animal groups”，结合这两句话，可以得出C)为答案，即：热点地区占地球陆地面积很少但物种极其多样化，只是没有许多“冷点”地区的珍稀物种和重要动物群。

28. B)。事实细节题。问的是“热点”批评家所持的观点。发表在《美国科学家》上的文章指出“要求将保护基金转向物种繁多的‘热点’地区，是一个不高明的投资建议”，故正确答案为B)。选项A)意为“热点”地区和“冷点”地区总是同等重要的，在第二段提到：“热点”的概念在某些生态系统中也许不是一个重要因素。选项C)意为各国政府应该选择投资热点的最佳时机，在文章中没有涉及。选项D)意为“热点”地区的提议从一开始就是一个误导性的策略，第三段最后一句提到这是一个“thoroughly”误导性的策略，而不是从一开始就是误导性的策略。

29. A)。事实细节题。问的是Dr. Norman Myers的观点。第二段和最后一段都提到了他的观点，即应该保护和投资“热点”地区以避免珍稀动物灭绝，但他同时认为不应单单投资“热点”地区，故正确答案为A)。选项B)意为保护工作不应该以“热点”地区为中心，不是他的观点。选项C)意为政府应该多投资于“冷点”地区，这与投资“热点”地区的观点不一致。选项D)意为如今的“热点”地区提议没有刚提出来时效果好，这是批评家们的观点。

30. B)。态度题，问的是作者对“热点”提议的态度。作者只是客观地介绍了两种对待“热点”提议的不同态度，而作者本人在文章中并没有对此表态，所以作者的态度是中立的。

Part IV Cloze

31. B)。该空应该填入一个形容词。A)为动词，C)为动词的过去分词，意为“被破坏的”，

D)为名词，B)为动词的现在分词，可用作形容词，意为“破坏性的”。故B)为正确选项。

32. B)。此处表示对过去事情的推测，形式应该是would have done，blow的过去分词形式为blown，故应填入have blown。

33. C)。protection/protect在表示“保护某物免受……损害”时常与against或from连用，该空所在的句子表达“保护地球免受紫外线辐射的损害”，故介词选用C)。

34. B)。此题考查与result相关的短语，因为该空后没有宾语，所以先排除A)as a result of(作为结果)和D)。B)的意思是“结果”;C)意为“最终结果”，名词性短语。将B)代入待填空，整句的意思是“结果可能出现了新的物种”。

35. D)。此题考查形近词的辨析。四个选项的意思分别是：紧凑的;联系;完整无缺的;影响。该空要填入名词，先将C)排除。将其他三词带入原文，符合句意要求的是impact，填入该词后，该部分的意思是：超新星辐射的可能影响。

36. C)。lead的搭配是lead sb. to do，意思是“使得某人做某事”。

37. A)。此题考查形近词的辨析。四个选项的意思分别是：进化;革命;决心;解决办法。根据文章的主题句即第一段的第一句可推知，超新星辐射可能会对地球上的生物进化产生影响。

38. A)。根据句意推断，此处说的是“在地球周围至少产生了两颗超新星”。

39. D)。此题考查介词搭配。free of ...表示“没有……的”。

40. C)。该题考查非谓语形式作状语，由于destroy的动作执行者是主句的主语，所以应该用destroy的现在分词形式，在该词后直接加ing。

41. C)。待填空应该填入介词，A)和B)是形容词或副词，D)为名词或动词，只有

C)unlike(和……不同)为介词。

42. D)。根据句意可知，此处讲的是地球周围的太空中星际气体含量很少，实质上大部分星际气体和尘埃都消失了。

43. D)。as if表示“好像”，其引导的方式状语从句要用虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的虚

拟，要用had done形式。

44. C)。本题考查与word有关的短语搭配，一般不用短语in word和in words，先将A)和B)排除;C) in other words意为“换言之”;D)in a word意为“一句话，总而言之”。该空后面的内容是对前文的解释说明，而不是总结。

45. B)。表示“被……所了解”用be known to sb.，由于occur的动作发生在know之前，故选用完成式。

46. A)。由于该句的主句已经存在，所以该空所在的部分应该处理成非谓语形式，又因为species和consider构成被动关系，所以应该用过去分词形式。

47. B)。place意为“放置”，replace意为“代替”，原文要表达的是“取代了”而不是“被取代”类猿生物。

48. D)。原文想要表达的是“这些生物可能是为数不多的利用了当时条件的幸运儿”，短语take advantage of的意思正是“利用”，为答案。

49. D)。此处意为“在那冒险的、产生放射性物质的时期”。times在此处意为“时期”。

50. B)。发生在地球附近的两颗超新星发生的爆炸，可以看作是上天的intervention(干预)，而不是invention(发明)、convention(惯例)和creation(创造)。

Part V Translation

51. What if

52. has brought me nothing but troubles

53. Trying not to breathe in/ Trying to avoid breathing in

54. would have been unable to invent / could not have invented the machine

55. isn’t until we have the approval from the authority concerned

转自:育路英语四级考试网

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大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.” Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions . Hire Advantage At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .

大学英语四级模拟题十(含答案)

大学英语四级模拟题十 Part I Listening Comprehension (35’) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations and 1 long conversation. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上对应题号作答。 1. A) At 9:15. B) Before 9:15. C) At 9:30. D) Before 9:50. 2. A) He does not understand it. B) He does not like it. C) He is used to it. D) He does not have to take it. 3. A) They were in a doctor’s office. B) They worked in the same office. C) They were in a workshop. D) They were talking in the weight lifting room at the gym. 4. A) Carry the suitcase with the woman. B) Carry the suitcase upstairs. C) Carry the suitcase up to the plane. D) Carry the suitcase down to the ship. 5. A) At eight o’clock. B) At nine o’clock. C) At ten o’clock. D) An hour later. 6. A) He broke his leg. B) He caught a cold. C) He had a car accident. D) He didn’t like to go to dance with the girl. 7. A) He doesn’t know what he wants to do. B) He likes to work this summer. C) He wonders whether the woman has a job. D) He can’t decide where to go on vacation. 8. A) At a hairdresser’s. B) At a tailor’s C) At a photographer’s. D) At a butcher’s. 9. A) The content of the note book. B) What the woman wrote in the note. C) Why people are not allowed to talk in the library. D) Whether people can smoke in the library. 10. A) Because it’s bad for her health. B) Because it had bad influences on children. C) Because it makes him smell. D) Because it makes him cough. Questions 11 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 11. A) He is not satisfied with his present job. B) He worries too much about his grandmother. C) People dislike his food. D) He is going to be fired. 12. A) He learned it in a training center of cooking. B) He learned it from his grandmother. C) He learned it from his mother. D) He learned it from his wife. 13. A) He dislikes other businessmen. B) He wants to have more chance to go on business. C) He doesn’t want to trouble others. D) He wants to be self-employed. 14. A) Whether he would have enough funds. B) Whether his food is to the customers’ taste. C) Whether his family members would support him. D) Whether he can pay less tax to the government. 15. A) Daniel gets encouragement from his friend Misha. B) The two speakers haven’t seen each other for a long time. C) Daniel wants to be in the food business. D) Daniel’s grandmother is an experienced businesswoman. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 2 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上对应题号作答。 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A) His age and appearance. B) His personality. C) His scholarship. D) His relationship with students. 17. A) No. Because he knows what he says in class will affect his students all their lives. B) Yes. But he never fails to apologize if he does. C) No. Because he is always well prepared before stepping onto the platform.