2007-2008学年第一学期2006级期末考试英语试题 (A)
2007-2008学年第一学期2006级期末考试英语试题(A)
卷面总分为50分
Part ⅠListening Comprehension （10分，每小题0.5分）
Listening Task
Listen to the following 20 short and long conversations. Each conversation is followed by ONE question. After you hear the question, there’ll be a break of 15 seconds. During the break, you’ll read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.
1. A. Where to visit in New York.
B. What to recommend in the restaurant.
C. How to spend the winter holiday.
D. Why to visit New York.
2. A. Artists. B. Musicians. C. Tour guides. D. Businessmen.
3. A. Surprised. B. Upset. C. Sympathetic. D. Angry.
4. A. Bring a gift to Mary.
B. Buy some food for the dinner.
C. Invite Mary and her daughter to dinner.
D. Buy a Barbie doll for Mary’s daughter.
5. A. The Buffalo nickel is very precious.
B. The Buffalo nickel is distinct from other American coins.
C. The Buffalo nickel is no longer in use.
D. The Buffalo nickel is the symbol of the honor of the US.
6. A. Read the letter with the woman together.
B. Tell the woman the origin of Uncle Sam.
C. Mail a letter for the woman.
D. Correct his mistake as the woman tells him.
7. A. The woman is talking about the arrangement of the trip.
B. The man is making an announcement.
C. The trip will only take the morning.
D. They will take the trip by train.
8. A. A famous painting. B. An old farm house.
C. Medieval artists.
D. Gothic windows.
9. A. The woman is dishonest.
B. John often tells truth.
C. The woman and John are good friends.
D. The woman’s mother has a low opinion of John.
10. A. The news reflects the fact. B. The news exaggerates the fact.
C. The news is very interesting.
D. The news is very special.
11. A. New dictionaries. B. Evolution of languages.
C. New words and expressions in English.
D. Forms of languages.
12. A. The woman is seriously ill.
B. The man experienced a terrible job interview.
C. The man will work for IBM for two years.
D. The woman is employed by IBM.
13. A. See the movie. B. Review for a test.
C. Move to a new house.
D. Write a book review.
14. A. A T-shirt. B. A sweatshirt.
C. A sweater.
D. A pair of man’s pants.
15. A. It is the wrong size. B. It is stained.
C. It has loose thread.
D. It is fancy.
16. A. To return his money. B. To exchange the item.
C. To give him store credit.
D. To compensate him for the item.
17. A. The customer didn’t follow the instructions for using the item.
B. The item was on clearance.
C. The man no longer has the store receipt.
D. It is beyond the returning duration.
18. A. 15 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 45 minutes. D. 60 minutes.
19. A. There isn’t a room available at that time.
B. A speaker is coming to address the students.
C. Language testing will take longer than expected.
D. Lunch will not be ready until much later.
20. A. 12:45 p.m. B. 1:30 p.m. C. 2:00 p.m. D. 2:15 p.m.
Part ⅡFast Reading （10分，每小题1分）
Directions: Read the following passages, and then answer the questions. For questions 1-7, mark Y (YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage, mark N (NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage, mark NG (NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Write your answer on the answer sheet.
Marco Polo the Traveler
More than 700 years ago, the 17-year-old Marco Polo set out from Venice for far China. He would spend 24 years exploring a world as far away and unknown to Europeans of his day as the moon and stars are to us. And the tales he brought back, later put into book form, still make the most fascinating travel narrative of all time in his tory. But Marco wasn’t the first Polo to reach China. His father and uncle got there many years before him. An Early Journey to China
The Polos were the leading merchants of Venice who traveled widely in
the Near East. They traded in silks, precious jew els, and gold. But, since they dealt through middlemen（中间商）, the places where these valuables came from remained unknown to them.
In 1260, Marco’s uncle and father started on a trip which would last nine years and take them all the way to the great Kubl ai Khan. The Great Khan was king of the Tartars and ruler of China then. His nation was the largest the world has ever seen. It stretched from the Arctic to the Indian Ocean, from the shores of the Pacific to the banks of the Danube. It had come down to Kublai Khan from his grandfather, Genghis Khan. Kublai Khan was then the most powerful ruler in the world. Thus, it was with a sense of uneasiness that the Polos finally arrived at his palace.
But the great Khan, who had never met a European, received the m warmly and questioned them about Europe and religion. When they left, he got from them a promise to return as soon as possible. In 1271, the Polos started out again from Venice for China. But this time they took along 17-year-old Marco.
The Long and Tough Journey
The Polos journeyed by horse, camel, and often on foot. They were often delayed by heavy rains, floods, sandstorms and snow. Illness, too, slowed them down. Marco became so sick that the Polos had to delay their journey for a whole year in Afghanistan.
After almost four years of rough travel, the Polos arrived at Kublai Khan’s palace in Shangtu. The Khan welcomed them with great pleasure and took an instant liking to young Marco. He took him hunting aboard the royal elephants and introduced him to the magnificent life in his palace in Shangtu.
Life in China
Perhaps no palaces in history have ever matched the richness of the Khan’s. Built of purest marble（大理石）and stone, they were decorated with priceless art. Though young Marco had known wealth back in Venice, he felt like a simple country boy as he was shocked at the beauty of the Khan’s palace. The rich people, he noted, dressed in the richest of fashion. They wore clothes of gold and silk.
Marco had little time for fun, though. He worked very hard to learn the spoken and written languages available in China. This so pleased Kublai Khan that the ruler sent him on important trips across his vast country. Marco even served three years as leader of the rich city of Yangchow. In time he became an advisor in the Khan’s government.
Wherever he went, young Marco took detailed notes. He brought back to the Khan a fresh and lively view of his subjects, their ways of living, habits and moods. Thus he became the first traveler to mark a route across Asia, the first to tell about the wealth and great size of China, and the first as well to describe the countries on its borders（边界）, with all their differences in behavior and religion.
Homecoming
For the following 17 years Marco Polo worked for Kublai Khan, while his father and uncle grew rich in trade. But, with the Khan now past 70, it seemed wise for them to leave. If the Khan died, rivals at court could make life difficult for these three such favored foreigners. In addition, they missed Venice. When they asked to leave, the Khan at first refused. But finally he let them go, giving them a fortune in gold and jewels.
The difficult and dangerous return journe y, covering a distance which can be traveled today in a matter of hours, took three years. When the Polos’ship finally arrived in Venice in 1295, they had been gone 24 years. No one recognized them. Even the family servants wouldn’t let them into their own house. The Polos had long since been given up for dead.
Life Back Home
Only a youth of 17 when he left Venice in 1271, Marco Polo had returned a mature, worldly-wise man of 41. He brought back with him a knowledge of people and nations which no man be fore him had ever had. Yet despite his lively account of his travels, many people still questioned the truth of its details.
Three years after Marco Polo arrived home, the competition between Venice and Genoa broke into open war. Marco and his ship were captured, and he was thrown into a Genoese jail. He took advantage of the time well. Calling for his notebooks, he dictated（口授）to a fellow prisoner the story of his travels.
Centuries would pass before learned men and explorers, following the exact same routes, would declare that his reports were truly amazingly accurate.
His book, The Travels of Marco Polo, was translated into almost every existing language. It became the guidebook for explorers and mapmakers, and the delight of all who travel or dream of doing so. Yet Marco Polo never realized he had written such a great book. Following its publication, he was laughed at, and his book was called a pack of lies.
For the rest of his life nothing could shake off Marco Polo’s claim that his book was pure fact. As he lay dying in January 1324, a priest（牧师）urged him, for the sake of his soul, to at least admit that some of his accounts were not true. With almost his last breath he declared, “I have not told half of what I saw.”
( ) 21. Middlemen told the Polos a lot about the places where their valuables came from.
( ) 22. Marco became so sick in Afganistan that he almost died there. ( ) 23. Marco Polo studied spoken but not written Chinese language when he was in China.
( ) 24. Marco Polo was the first person who told the outside world at that time about China.
( ) 25. The Polos enjoyed their life and business in China so much that they seldom missed Venice.
( ) 26. The Polos were warmly welcomed when they returned to Venice. ( ) 27. Many people were doubtful about Marco Polo’s travel experiences.
28. Despite all the doubts about Marco’s reports, later learned men would
find that his reports were .
29. For explorers and mapmakers, Polo’s book became
.
30. Though his book was called .
Marco Polo never gave up the claim that his book was pure fact.
Part ⅢReading Comprehension
Section A （5分，每小题0.5分）
In this section, there are 10 blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given. Each choice is identified by a letter. Please write the corresponding letter for each ite m on Answer Sheet. You may not use any of the word more than once.
A. suspend
B. considerate
C. assembled
D. slide
E. interconnected
F. inspired
G. implication Ｈ.dripping I. cultivate
J. resistant K. enlightened L. single-minded
M. detect N. comprehensive O. moderate
31. She was everywhere, smiling, busy, soft-footed, always ______ for
others, and therefore she was very popular among us.
32. If you had been ______ in your study, you would have passed the
examination without any difficulty.
33. Church Mill, although of fairly ______ size, is a delightful
two-storey building of brick and stone.
34. Education should aim to ______ children’s mind to its utmost
potential.
35. The statue of Liberty had just arrived from Paris and was being
______ , so it was not in New York harbour when they arrived.
36. We were caught in the rain the other night and the rain was______
down our necks. 37. The majority of the people at the meeting were ______ to the
proposal.
38. The study conducted by a group of doctors indicates that drug abuse and
AIDS infection are alarmingly ______ .
39. The ______ in his article is that being a housewife is greatly inferior
to every other occupation.
40. Peter thought the world was flat until I ______ him.
Section B （10分，每小题1分）
Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.
In the United States, roughly 10 percent of all cancers—more than 100,000 cases a year—could be avoided if overweight or obesity did not exist, according to updated statistics on the proportion of cancer due to overweight released Monday.
The new projections stem from a review of published studies, updates to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) report from 2006, and date from the Nurses’Health Study Ⅱ, which includes 116,686 women, Dr. Graham Colditz explained at a press briefing at the American Association for Cancer Research’s international conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research underway in Baltimore.
By applying the current US levels of overweight and obesity, Colditz from the Harvard School of Public Health estimated that 14 percent of c olon （直肠）cancers—over 14,000 cases—would be avoided if no one was overweight or obese.
Likewise, if no one was overweight or obese, we would avoid 11 percent of breast cancer—over 18,000 cases; 49 percent of endometrial (womB) cancer, almost 20,000 cases; 31 percent of kidney cancer, over 11,000 cases;
39 percent of esophageal (foodpipe) cancer, 5,500 cases; 14 percent of pancreas（胰腺）cancers, 4,500 cases; 20 percent of non-Hodgkin lymphoma （淋巴瘤）cases, over 11,000 cases; and for multiple myeloma（骨髓瘤）17 percent of cases.
Given the increasing prevalence of obesity in the US, these estimates are conservative. “We can clearly conclude that adult overweight and obesity cause cancer,”Dr. Colditz said, “and increasing rates of obesity in
the US are continuing to drive up the burden of these cancers.”
Evidence is accumulating that losing weight will reduce the risk of cancer, Colditz also said, data from four studies looking at weight and breast cancer suggest that women who lose 5 to 20 pounds significantly reduc e their risk of developing breast cancer. The date reinforce the idea to avoid weight gain as an adult and to lose weight and keep it off if one is overweight or obese as this can reduce the risk of cancer in addition to other chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and stroke.
41. The passage is mainly concerned about.
A. the benefit of losing weight as an adult woman
B. the high number of cancers resulting from overweight
C. the possibility of keeping away from cancer
D. the American Association for Cancer Research’s international
conference
42. The study reported in the passage is carried out on the basis
of .
A. updated data and evidence
B. bold guess and imagination
C. theories by earlier scientists
D. hypothesis（假设）and reasoning
43. According to the statistics cited in the 3rd and 4th paragraphs, which of
the following is the most dangerous group of people?
A. Obese physical laborers.
B. Overweight adult men.
C. Overweight adult women.
D. Obese mental w orkers.
44. We can infer from the 5th paragraph that.
A. the inter-relation between obesity and cancer hasn’t been
scientifically proved
B. Dr. Colditz underestimated the numbers of cancers related to
overweight
C. the conclusion that overweight or obesity causes cancer is
conservative
D. there are more and more overweight people in the US
45. What message is implied in the conclusion of the passage?
A. Evidence shows that overweight or obesity is more likely to affect
women.
B. Diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and stroke are more
dangerous than cancer.
C. An overweight adult is more likely to develop cancer and other
chronic diseases.
D. The more weight one can shed off, the healthier he or she will
become.
Passage Two Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
With more and more parents working outside the home, students are very aware that it is difficult for school officials to contact their parents, and that even if they do, their parents often re fuse to respond. Exacerbating （使恶化）this problem further, the parents may refuse to come to the school when asked if a child has been in trouble repeatedly, because they are tired of dealing with the child’s problems. They believe the school is at fault, or they believe there is nothing they can do to control the child.
Sometimes parents do not respond because they were unsuccessful in their own school experience; they view school as a hostile environment. Likewise, a parent who does come to the school may support the student’s disruptive（扰乱的）or violent behaviour as another form of “bribery” to gain their child’s affection, particularly when the relationship between the two is strained. This is most apparent in aggressive parents who have minimal parenting skills. Further, teachers report about students, even very young students, who state that their parents have told them that they do not have to do what the teacher says or that if anyone tries to take something from them, or insults or hits them, they should fight back. Unfortunately, man y parents admit that they have so instructed their child and are offended when teachers question such directions.
These types of parenting are evident across the socioeconomic spectrum. Parenting that indulges, neglects, abuses or ignores children, and that fails to provide strong, positive guidance, discipline and nurturance, contributes to the spread of violence in schools. Such p arenting is seen in families plagued by chronic unemployment and poverty, especially when parents are concentrating more on the economic survival of the family than on the attitudes and behaviour of the children. It is also seen in affluent families that indulge their children’s every material request. Lastly, it is seen in families where parents do not have much time to spend with their children because of job demands.
46. One reason parents refuse to reply to the school about their child’s
problems is that .
A. they are too busy to handle the problems
B. they think the school is responsible for the problems
C. they are too tired to handle the problems
D. they think the school is hostile to them
47. Sometimes a parent supports the child’s bad behaviour so that .
A. they can show it is the school that is at fault
B. their child can develop a stron g character
C. they can help their child get rid of the bad behaviour
D. they can “bribe” their child with their support
48. Poor parenting skills do NOT include.
A. asking children to fight back if anyone attempts to hurt them
B. failing to guide and discipline children
C. ignoring children’s attitudes and behaviour
D. spending some time with children after work
49. We know from the passage that.
A. job demands prevent parents from assisting schools in educating the ir
children
B. poor parenting mostly exists in families with financial difficulties
C. poor parenting contributes to school violence
D. parents and schools should help each other in educating children
50. The main topic of the passage is .
A. busy work and poor parenting
B. parenting and school education
C. poor parenting and where it occurs
D. the spread of violence in schools
Part ⅣCloze （10分，每小题0.5分）
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Movie makers feared for a while that they might be put out of business by television. Recently, 51 , more and more people have been going to the movies. This 52 be partly because the economic situation in America has become 53 . In the movies, you forget your troubles as you get54 in the story on the screen. Also, 55 have been producing pictures that large numbers of people want to see. Americans56 the millions are returning to a love 57 with the movies.
Motion picture 58 experts see two main 59 in this movie recovery: an increased need by Americans to60 from economic worries and a large number of new movies with broad audience 61 . Movie makers admit that their 62 popularity is 63 the result of poor 64 conditions, which traditionally bring an increase in theater 65 . “When people are fearful 16 the future, they look for escape,”67 Jack Valenti, president of the Motion Picture Association of America. “In a 68 theater, with a 65-foot screen, you lose 69 for two and a half hours. People find this 70 .”
51. A. especially B. furthermore C. however D. moreover
52. A. might B. could C. must D. can
53. A. better B. worse C. best D. improved 54. A. connected B. encouraged C. involved D. participated
55. A. authorities B. directors C. experts D. managers
56. A. of B. in C. for D. with
57. A. event B. occurrence C. accident D. affair
58. A. industry B. deal C. manufacture D. contract
59. A. excuses B. factors C. reasons D. proofs
60. A. hide B. separate C. break D. escape
61. A. appeal B. interest C. consideration D. concern
62. A. raising B. falling C. rising D. losing
63. A. by no means B. partly C. insufficien tly D. completely
64. A. cultural B. industrial C. commercial D. economic
65. A. attendance B. buildings C. performances D. programs
66. A. to B. about C. with D. at
67. A. claims B. comments C. commends D. complains
68. A. shaded B. darkening C. colorful D. lighted
69. A. reason B. worry C. taste D. yourself
70. A. beneficial B. harmful C. unhealthy D. humorous
Part ⅤWriting （5分）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Reasons for Choosing a University. You should base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese, at least 100 words:注意：此部分试题在答题卡上；请在答题卡上做答
2007-2008学年第一学期期末考试试题
2006级本科英语
卷面总分为50分
Part ⅠListening Comprehension （10分，每小题0.5分）
1. A B C D
2. A B C D
3. A B C D
4. A B C D
5. A B C D
6. A B C D
7. A B C D
8. A B C D
9. A B C D 10. A B C D
11. A B C D 12. A B C D 13. A B C D 14. A B C D 15. A B C D
16. A B C D 17. A B C D 18. A B C D 19. A B C D 20. A B C D
Part ⅡFast Reading （10分，每小题1分）
注：答题卡填写标准—例[Y] A
21. [Y] [N] [NG] 22. [Y] [N] [NG] 23. [Y] [N] [NG] 24. [Y] [N] [NG] 25. [Y] [N] [NG] 26. [Y] [N] [NG]
27. [Y] [N] [NG]
28. Despite all the doubts about Marco’s reports, later learned men would
find that his reports were .
29. For explorers and mapmakers, Polo’s book became
.
30. Though his book was called .
Marco Polo never gave up the claim that his book was pure fact.
Part ⅢReading Comprehension
Section A （5分，每小题0.5分）
31. 32. 33. 34. 35.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
Section B （10分，每小题1分）
41. A B C D 42. A B C D 43. A B C D 44. A B C D 45. A B C D
46. A B C D 47. A B C D 48. A B C D 49. A B C D 50. A B C D
Part ⅣCloze （10分，每小题0.5分）
51. A B C D 52. A B C D 53. A B C D 54. A B C D 55. A B C D 56. A B C D 57. A B C D 58. A B C D 59. A B C D 60. A B C D 61. A B C D 62. A B C D 63. A B C D 64. A B C D 65. A B C D 66. A B C D 67. A B C D 68. A B C D 69. A B C D 70. A B C D
Part ⅤWriting（5分）
1. 有些学生选择离家近的大学；
2. 有些学生选择离家远的大学；
3. 你的选择是什么？谈谈理由。
Reasons for Choosing a University
2007-2008学年第一学期2006级期末考试英语试题(B)
卷面总分为50分
Part ⅠListening Comprehension （10分，每小题0.5分）
Listening Task
Listen to the following 20 short and long conversations. Each conversation is followed by ONE question. After you hear the question, there’ll be a break of 15 seconds. During the break, you’ll read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.
1. A. Where to visit in New York.
B. What to recommend in the restaurant.
C. How to spend the winter holiday.
D. Why to visit New York.
2. A. Artists. B. Musicians. C. Tour guides. D. Businessmen.
3. A. Surprised. B. Upset. C. Sympathetic. D. Angry.
4. A. Bring a gift to Mary.
B. Buy some food for the dinner.
C. Invite Mary and her daughter to dinner.
D. Buy a Barbie doll for Mary’s daughter.
5. A. The Buffalo nickel is very precious.
B. The Buffalo nickel is distinct from other American coins.
C. The Buffalo nickel is no longer in use.
D. The Buffalo nickel is the symbol of the honor of the US.
6. A. Read the letter with the woman together.
B. Tell the woman the origin of Uncle Sam.
C. Mail a letter for the woman.
D. Correct his mistake as the woman tells him.
7. A. The woman is talking about the arrangement of the trip.
B. The man is making an announcement.
C. The trip will only take the morning.
D. They will take the trip by train.
8. A. A famous painting. B. An old farm house.
C. Medieval artists.
D. Gothic windows.
9. A. The woman is dishonest.
B. John often tells truth.
C. The woman and John are good friends.
D. The woman’s mother has a low opinion of John.
10. A. The news reflects the fact. B. The news exaggerates the fact.
C. The news is very interesting.
D. The news is very special.
11. A. New dictionaries. B. Evolution of languages.
C. New words and expressions in English.
D. Forms of languages.
12. A. The woman is seriously ill.
B. The man experienced a terrible job interview.
C. The man will work for IBM for two years.
D. The woman is employed by IBM.
13. A. See the movie. B. Review for a test.
C. Move to a new house.
D. Write a book review.
14. A. A T-shirt. B. A sweatshirt.
C. A sweater.
D. A pair of man’s pants.
15. A. It is the wrong size. B. It is stained.
C. It has loose thread.
D. It is fancy.
16. A. To return his money. B. To exchange the item.
C. To give him store credit.
D. To compensate him for the item.
17. A. The customer didn’t follow the instructions for using the item.
B. The item was on clearance.
C. The man no longer has the store receipt.
D. It is beyond the returning duration.
18. A. 15 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 45 minutes. D. 60 minutes.
19. A. There isn’t a room available at that time.
B. A speaker is coming to address the students.
C. Language testing will take longer than expected.
D. Lunch will not be ready until much later.
20. A. 12:45 p.m. B. 1:30 p.m. C. 2:00 p.m. D. 2:15 p.m.
Part ⅡFast Reading （10分，每小题1分）
Directions: Read the following passages, and then answer the questions. For questions 1-7, mark Y (YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage, mark N (NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage, mark NG (NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Write your answer on the answer sheet.
Eating Patterns
What did Americans eat in 1902? Except for the very poor who didn’t have enough money to buy food, most people ate more food than necessary; obesity（肥胖症）and digestive problems related to overeating were common. Both upper and lower classes tended to overeat, although for different reasons. The upper class tended to overeat because their wealth affo rded them many choices of food and drink, while the lower class might overeat in part because they were likely to be doing hard physical labor. Drinking was
heavy, particularly among the working class.
First-generation immigrants especially cared about food, since having little food had been the greatest motivation for going to America in the first place. Generally, their diets contained much more meat than what was necessary and what these people had been used to eating when back in their native lands. Pork, which initially had been America’s prime animal meat source, still remained the country’s most common meat three centuries later. By the 1900s, frowned on by the nutritionists（营养学家）of the day, pork began to lose popularity with the upper class. Howev er, it continued to occupy an important part in the American diet, particularly for factory workers, mid-westerners and southerners.
Diets of Rural Population
The diets of rural Americans were very different from each other, depending in large part on their economic class. Poor farmers were especially likely to have a poor diet, since they were usually forced to raise cash crops（经济作物）instead of garden foods and meats for their tables. Pellagra（糙皮病）was common. By contrast with them, the richer farmers, particularly those who owned their own farms and produced most of their own food, often had diets that included a wide variety of healthy foods.
Diets of Immigrants
After 1900, immigration increased dramatically. Between 1901 and 1910, one million new immigrants arrived, mainly from central and southern Europe, including large numbers of Italians, Jews, and Poles. Most of these new immigrants gravitated（迁徙）to the cities and industrial towns.
At the beginning of the 1880s, a two-level working class developed, consisting of the relatively well-off skilled workers and semiskilled and the struggling, unskilled workers. After 1900, this separation became reinforced by ethnic differences, since most of the new immigrants were unskilled workers. In contrast, the upper sector consisted mainly of native born or first-generation people of Anglo-Saxon and northern European origin. These two groups observed different eating patterns, reflecting the cultures they came from, as well as economic status. However, for every working man, bread, potatoes, and cabbages were essential items in the diet. Fortunately, both potatoes and cabbages provided much-needed acids. The more skilled workers, mainly with origins in Britain, tended to follow typical “New England foods”, which had developed many years earlier.
The diets of the skilled or semiskilled workers included many different kinds of food, clearly showing their relative prosperity and the good selection of foods available. These workers’ meals included fresh meat of all kinds, eggs, potatoes, white sauce, fruits and vegetables, as well as desserts.
The “new immigrants”were fond of dishes that included many food s together, such as stews（炖或焖的食物）, which were frowned on by Americans who were born in the country and even by the experts of the day. The latter believed that foods mixed together were not assimilated as well as those served separately.
Most of the immigrants came from the cultures in which bread had special significance. It remained an essential component of their diets in the United States, usually purchased from ethnic bakeries where bread exactly like that eaten in those countries was available. The new immigrants preferred bread, coffee, and often soup for their breakfasts.
While more rich families ate fruits and vegetables canned by companies, immigrant women canned and preserved their own fruits and vegetables in the summer and fall for their families’meals during the winter. In 1918, food consumed close to 40 percent of the budgets of most workers.
Diets of Middle Class
By 1900, nutritionists were focusing much of their attention on changing the diet of the middle class. Efforts of the nutr ition reformers in the 1890s to reach the poor urban factory workers had failed. And the message taught by Atwater and his followers during the 1890s, that of getting eating better by eating less, was far from being taken seriously by most Americans. But many members of the middle class were attracted by Atwater’s teachings.
With their new interest in and concerns for health and good eating habits, the middle class of Americans went through all sorts of food fads（饮食时尚）and heard many strange teachings during the early decades of the 20th century. This interest stemmed in part from various physical discomforts commonly experienced during this time by those individuals whose comfort enabled them to eat and drink too much.
Fortunately, not all of the food fads explored by Americans during this period were bad. One dietary change that was based upon food science was the use of dried breakfast cereals. By the 1900s, although meat continued to occupy a prime part in the general American diet, the leading break fast food pioneer succeeded in promoting various cereal products as substitutes for the traditional meats typically consumed at breakfast. These people emphasized the health advantages of this recommended change in eating. Their strategy to promote their food was tremendously effective, in part because, by the turn of the century, the middle class had become very concerned about the relationship between food and health.
During the years following 1880, the middle class had expanded considerably. By the early 1900s, thanks to a rising economic status and the easy access to foods, many people adopted the dining styles of the upper
class. Ultimately, however, the problems in obtaining satisfactory service, the warnings of nutritionists against overeating, an d the desire of middle-class women to reduce the hours spent in the kitchen all led to a change in what American society expected of middle-class diets, both in quantity and quality. After 1905, there was a definite shift toward smaller and less elaborate meals. Labor was saved by simpler menus, fewer ingredients in dishes, fewer steps in their preparation, and fewer courses. It was through their role in effecting these changed expectations that the experts of the day had their greatest influence on the mid dle-class diet patterns.
( ) 21. In 1902, both the upper and lower classes tended to eat more than what was necessary although the reasons were different.
( ) 22. Criticized by nutritionists, pork lost popularity among Americans by the 1990s.
( ) 23. Poor farmers were likely to have as healthy foods as rich farmers did.
( ) 24. Most of the one million immigrants who arrived in the first decade after 1900 were Asians.
( ) 25. Skilled and semiskilled workers had diets consisting of different kinds of food.
( )26. Experts today believe experts of the past were wrong about “multi-food dishes”.
( ) 27. Both immigrants and richer women were dependent on fruits and vegetables canned by companies.
28. In the 1890s, Atwater taught people that they could eat b etter
by .
29. The leading breakfast food producers were successful in their
promotion effort partly because the middle class began to be aware of .
30. An obvious change that took place in midd le-class eating habits was
that meals became after 1905. Part ⅢReading Comprehension
Section A （5分，每小题0.5分）
In this section, there are 10 blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given. Each choice is identified by a letter. Please write the corresponding letter for each ite m on Answer Sheet. You may not use any of the word more than once.
A. suspend
B. considerate
C. assembled
D. slide
E. interconnected
F. inspired
G. implication Ｈ.dripping I. cultivate J. resistant K. enlightened L. single-minded
M. detect N. comprehensive O. moderate
31. She was everywhere, smiling, busy, soft-footed, always ______ for
others, and therefore she was very popular among us.
32. If you had been ______ in your study, you would have passed the
examination without any difficulty.
33. Church Mill, although of fairly ______ size, is a delightful
two-storey building of brick and stone.
34. Education should aim to ______ children’s mind to its utmost
potential.
35. The statue of Liberty had just arrived from Paris and was being
______ , so it was not in New York harbour when they arrived.
36. We were caught in the rain the other night and the rain was______
down our necks.
37. The majority of the people at the meeting were ______ to the
proposal.
38. The study conducted by a group of doctors indicates that drug abuse and
AIDS infection are alarmingly ______ .
39. The ______ in his article is that being a housewife is greatly inferior
to every other occupation.
40. Peter thought the world was flat until I ______ him.
Section B （10分，每小题1分）
Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.
In the United States, roughly 10 percent of all cancers—more than 100,000 cases a year—could be avoided if overweight or obesity did not exist, according to updated statistics on the proportion of cancer due to overweight released Monday.
The new projections stem from a review of published studies, updates to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) report from 2006, and date from the Nurses’Health Study Ⅱ, which includes 116,686 women, Dr. Graham Colditz explained at a press briefing at the American Association for Cancer Research’s international conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research underway in Baltimore.
By applying the current US levels of overweight and obesity, Colditz from the Harvard School of Public Health estimated that 14 percent of co lon （直肠）cancers—over 14,000 cases—would be avoided if no one was overweight or obese.
Likewise, if no one was overweight or obese, we would avoid 11 percent of breast cancer—over 18,000 cases; 49 percent of endometrial (womB) cancer, almost 20,000 cases; 31 percent of kidney cancer, over 11,000 cases;
39 percent of esophageal (foodpipe) cancer, 5,500 cases; 14 percent of pancreas（胰腺）cancers, 4,500 cases; 20 percent of non-Hodgkin lymphoma （淋巴瘤）cases, over 11,000 cases; and for multiple myeloma（骨髓瘤）17 percent of cases.
Given the increasing prevalence of obesity in the US, these estimates are conservative. “We can clearly conclude that adult overweight and obesity cause cancer,”Dr. Colditz said, “and increasing rates of obesity in the US are continuing to drive up the burden of these cancers.”
Evidence is accumulating that losing weight will reduce the risk of cancer, Colditz also said, data from four studies looking at weight and breast cancer suggest that women who lose 5 to 20 pounds significantly reduc e their risk of developing breast cancer. The date reinforce the idea to avoid weight gain as an adult and to lose weight and keep it off if one is overweight or obese as this can reduce the risk of cancer in addition to other chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and stroke.
41. The passage is mainly concerned about.
A. the benefit of losing weight as an adult woman
B. the high number of cancers resulting from overweight
C. the possibility of keeping away from cancer
D. the American Association for Cancer Research’s international
conference
42. The study reported in the passage is carried out on the basis
of .
A. updated data and evidence
B. bold guess and imagination
C. theories by earlier scientists
D. hypothesis（假设）and reasoning
43. According to the statistics cited in the 3rd and 4th paragraphs, which of
the following is the most dangerous group of people?
A. Obese physical laborers.
B. Overweight adult men.
C. Overweight adult women.
D. Obese mental w orkers.
44. We can infer from the 5th paragraph that.
A. the inter-relation between obesity and cancer hasn’t been
scientifically proved
B. Dr. Colditz underestimated the numbers of cancers related to
overweight
C. the conclusion that overweight or obesity causes cancer is
conservative
D. there are more and more overweight people in the US
45. What message is implied in the conclusion of the passage?
A. Evidence shows that overweight or obesity is more likely to affect
women.
B. Diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and stroke are more
dangerous than cancer.
C. An overweight adult is more likely to develop cancer and other
chronic diseases.
D. The more weight one can shed off, the healthier he or she will
become.
Passage Two
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
With more and more parents working outside the home, students are very aware that it is difficult for school officials to contact their parents, and that even if they do, their parents often re fuse to respond. Exacerbating （使恶化）this problem further, the parents may refuse to come to the school when asked if a child has been in trouble repeatedly, because they are tired of dealing with the child’s problems. They believe the school is at fault, or they believe there is nothing they can do to control the child.
Sometimes parents do not respond because they were unsuccessful in their own school experience; they view school as a hostile environment. Likewise, a parent who does come to the school may support the student’s disruptive（扰乱的）or violent behaviour as another form of “bribery” to gain their child’s affection, particularly when the relationship between the two is strained. This is most apparent in aggressive parents who have minimal parenting skills. Further, teachers report about students, even very young students, who state that their parents have told them that they do not have to do what the teacher says or that if anyone tries to take something from them, or insults or hits them, they should fight back. Unfortunately, man y parents admit that they have so instructed their child and are offended when teachers question such directions.
These types of parenting are evident across the socioeconomic spectrum. Parenting that indulges, neglects, abuses or ignores children, and that fails to provide strong, positive guidance, discipline and nurturance, contributes to the spread of violence in schools. Such p arenting is seen in families plagued by chronic unemployment and poverty, especially when parents are concentrating more on the economic survival of the family than on the
attitudes and behaviour of the children. It is also seen in affluent families that indulge their children’s every material request. Lastly, it is seen in families where parents do not have much time to spend with their children because of job demands.
46. One reason parents refuse to reply to the school about their child’s
problems is that .
A. they are too busy to handle the problems
B. they think the school is responsible for the problems
C. they are too tired to handle the problems
D. they think the school is hostile to them
47. Sometimes a parent supports the child’s bad behaviour so that .
A. they can show it is the school that is at fault
B. their child can develop a stron g character
C. they can help their child get rid of the bad behaviour
D. they can “bribe” their child with their support
48. Poor parenting skills do NOT include.
A. asking children to fight back if anyone attempts to hurt them
B. failing to guide and discipline children
C. ignoring children’s attitudes and behaviour
D. spending some time with children after work
49. We know from the passage that.
A. job demands prevent parents from assisting schools in educating the ir
children
B. poor parenting mostly exists in families with financial difficulties
C. poor parenting contributes to school violence
D. parents and schools should help each other in educating children
50. The main topic of the passage is .
A. busy work and poor parenting
B. parenting and school education
C. poor parenting and where it occurs
D. the spread of violence in schools
Part ⅣCloze （10分，每小题0.5分）
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
These days lifestyles seem to change very fast. It is more than just clothing and hairstyles 51 are in style one year and out of 52 the next; it’s a whole way of living. One year p eople 53 sunglasses on top of their 54 and wear jeans and boots; they drink white wine and55 sushi at Japanese restaurants; for 56 they jog several miles a day. 57 , the next year they notice that everything has 58 . Women wear long skirts; people drink expensive water from France and eat pasta at Italian restaurants; everyone seems to be exercising at 59 clubs.
Almost nothing in modern life 60 the influence of fashion: food, music, exercise, books, slang words, movies, furniture, places to visit, 61 names go in and out of fashion. It’s almost 62 to write about specific fads 63 these interests that people 64 can change very quickly.
In the United States, even 65 can be “in”or “out”. 66 people in any country, Americans enjoy following the lives of67 : movie stars, sports heroes, famous artists, politicians, and the68 . But Americans also pay lots of attention to people who have 69 special ability and have done70 very special.
51. A. which B. that C. both D. as
52. A. shape B. time C. date D. expectation
53. A. place B. dress C. put D. wear
54. A. arms B. eyes C. toes D. heads
55. A. dedicate B. absorb C. take D. eat
56. A. rival B. exercise C. education D. reward
57. A. However B. Therefore C. Rather D. Despite
58. A. changed B. settled C. differed D. developed
59. A. literature B. health C. tourist D. music
60. A. escapes B. violates C. refers D. conforms
61. A. but B. though C. even D. because
62. A. impossible B. hopeful C. disappointing D. exaggerating
63. A. however B. because C. although D. when
64. A. develop B. cultivate C. acquire D. follow
65. A. animals B. cultures C. people D. plants
66. A. Liking B. Dislike C. Like D. Unlike
67. A. celebrities B. congratulations C. ceremonies D. receptions
68. A. same B. other C. like D. rest
69. A. no B. that C. much D. some
70. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
Part ⅤWriting （5分）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter of Thanks to My Parents. You should write at least 100 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:注意：此部分试题在答题卡上；请在答题卡上做答
2007-2008学年第一学期期末考试试题
2006级本科英语
卷面总分为50分
Part ⅠListening Comprehension （10分，每小题0.5分）
1. A B C D
2. A B C D
3. A B C D
4. A B C D
5. A B C D
6. A B C D
7. A B C D
8. A B C D
9. A B C D 10. A B C D
11. A B C D 12. A B C D 13. A B C D 14. A B C D 15. A B C D
16. A B C D 17. A B C D 18. A B C D 19. A B C D 20. A B C D
Part ⅡFast Reading （10分，每小题1分）
注：答题卡填写标准—例[Y] A
21. [Y] [N] [NG] 22. [Y] [N] [NG] 23. [Y] [N] [NG]
24. [Y] [N] [NG] 25. [Y] [N] [NG]26. [Y] [N] [NG]
27. [Y] [N] [NG]
28. In the 1890s, Atwater taught people that they could eat better
by .
29. The leading breakfast food producers were successful in their promotion
effort partly because the middle class began t o be aware of .
30. An obvious change that took place in middle-class eating habits was that
meals became after 1905.
Part ⅢReading Comprehension
Section A （5分，每小题0.5分）
31. 32. 33. 34. 35.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
Section B （10分，每小题1分）
41. A B C D 42. A B C D 43. A B C D 44. A B C D 45. A B C D
46. A B C D 47. A B C D 48. A B C D 49. A B C D 50. A B C D Part ⅣCloze （10分，每小题0.5分）
51. A B C D 52. A B C D 53. A B C D 54. A B C D 55. A B C D
56. A B C D 57. A B C D 58. A B C D 59. A B C D 60. A B C D
61. A B C D 62. A B C D 63. A B C D 64. A B C D 65. A B C D 66. A B C D 67. A B C D 68. A B C D 69. A B C D 70. A B C D
Part ⅤWriting（5分）
假设你是李明，你的父母20年来辛辛苦苦抚养你长大，你写一封信对他们表示感谢。可以从总体来讲，也可以从小事入手，也可兼而有之。
A Letter of Thanks to My Parents
【精品】初三英语期末试卷及答案
初三英语期末考试 时间：100分钟满分：130分 听力部分（20分） 一、听问题，选答案。读一遍。（5分） ( )1. A. Once a year. B. For a long time. C. Next year. ( )2. A. That’s right. B. Good idea. C. No, I don’t. teacher. ( )3. A. In his office. B. Very funny. C. He’s a ( )4. A. No. don’t say so.B. Thank you. C. We’d love to. ( )5. A. No, not at all. B. Yes, please open it. C. No, don’t open it, please. 二、听对话。选出最佳选项。读一遍。（5分） ( )1. How will the woman get to the railway station? A. By bike. B. By car. C. On foot. ( )2. How old is the man now? A. 22 years old. B. 24 years old. C. 26 years old. ( )3. Where are they talking? C. On the phone. A. In the classroom. B. At the girl’s home. ( )4. When is it now? A. In the evening. B. In the afternoon. C. In the morning. ( )5. When did Mike go back home last night? A. At 8:45. B. At 9:15. C. At 9:45. 三、听第3段材料，选出最佳选项。读两遍。（10分） ( )1.Wen did Mr. Smith’s friend give him a cat? A. two months ago B. one month ago C. two weeks ago D. one week ago ( )2. Mr. Smith asked his cook to give to his cat every day. A. a piece of cake B. a pound of fish C. a pound of meet D. a bowl of rice ( )3. Mr. Smith didn’t believe his cook because . A. the cat was becoming thinner and thinner. B. the cat wanted to run away. C. he didn’t like him. D. he wanted to prove. ( )4. Mr. Smith got the cat from . A. his friend B. the market C. the street D. the house ( )5. From the story, we know ate the meat. A. Mr. Smith B. the eat C. the cook D. Nobody 听下面的短文。短文后有5个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。短文读两遍。 6. What did David do well in when he was young? A、Basketball. B、Football. C、Tennis 7．Why did he stop playing football? A、Because he didn’t like it at all. B、Because he went to work in a city. C、Because there was no team. 8．What happened to David then? A、He was badly ill. B、He began to get fat. C、He got stronger and stronger. 9．What did he decide to do then? A、To play tennis.
完整版五年级英语期末考试试卷及答案
紫云自治县2016—2017 学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测试卷（）13.—Do you often play football on the weekend? —________ 语五年级英 B. Yes, I do. C. No, I do. A. Yes, I am. 100分钟）100 分时间：（总分：）14. Where________the girl come from? （ A. are B. is C. does 题号一二三四五六七八九总分
（）15. ________nice camera it is! 分得A. What B. How C. What a 评卷人 三、根据所给场景，选择合适的句子。(10 分) 分）一、找出下列单词中与众不同的一项。（10 （）16.当你想知道今天是星期几时，应问：C. hot B. sweet （）1.A. tea A. What day is it today? B. What do you have? C. It's Monday? （B. bike C. lake ）17.当你想知道别人会做什么事时，应问：（）2.A. river A. What do you do? ）（3.A. park B. old C. young B. What can you do? C. What are you do? （）18.当你想知道别人最喜欢的食物是什么时，应问：（）4. A. flower C. mountain B. tree
A. What's your favorite food? B. What 's your best like food? C. Sunday 5. A. Friday B. dirty （）C. What's your favorite fruit? 20 分）二、单项选择。（（）19.当你想感谢对方时，应说：________is your English teacher? （6. ）—A. You are welcome. B. I see. C. Thank you! Miss Liu. —（）20.当你问别人想喝什么时，你应说： C. Who B. Which A. What A. What do you like? B. What would you like to drink? 7. I________ a student. （）C. What's your like? C. is B. are A. am 四、从 B 栏中选出 A 栏的最佳答语。（10 分）8.
2019-2020年高二英语上学期期末考试试卷(有答案)
福建省福州市高二英语上学期期末考试试题 （完卷时间：120分钟，总分：150分） 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What gift will the woman probably get for Mary? A. A schoolbag. B. A CD. C. A movie ticet. 2. What is the man doing? A. Watching TV. B. Enjoying a party. C. Looing for his clothes. 3. What does the man mainly do in his spare time? A. He plays sports. B. He plays the piano. C. He learns a language. 4. Which flavor is the most popular? A. Strawberry. B. Chocolate. C. Lemon. 5. What are the speaers taling about? A. A movie they just saw. B. A favorite actor. C. Weeend plans. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speaers? A. Former classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Old teammates. 7. What is the woman more interested in now? A. Playing tennis. B. Playing the piano. C. Playing basetball. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What caused the woman’s problem?
高二上学期期末考试英语试题4
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