定语从句名词性从句
1): 定语从句之基础知识
考纲定位和能力要求:
掌握引导定语从句的关系词的基本用法；
能够解决单项选择中相关习题。
知识内涵：
1.在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句，称之为定语从句；
2. 被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词；
3.根据在从句中所做成分不同，我们将引导定语从句的引导词分为关系代词和关系副词两类；
4. 关系代词分别为that，which，who，whom，whose，as，在从句中可以充当主语，宾语，表语和定语；
5. 关系副词分别为when，where，why在从句中充当状语；
6. 定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，区分标志是非限定从会有一个逗号将主句和从句分开。
例句 1. Do you know the girl who is standing under the tree?
2. The president paid a visit to the village where he was born.
3. York, which I visited last year, is a nice old city.
考点透视一关系代词的用法
一、关系代词who, whom
1. The foreigner who is talking with our teacher will teach us English.
2. The foreigner （who/ whom）our teacher is talking with will teach
us English.
3. The foreigner with whom our teacher is talking will teach us English
总结：当先行词为人时，定语从句缺少主语时可用who；若缺少宾语时，可用who/ whom ，在限制性定语从句可省略；若直接放在介词后则只能用whom。
二、关系代词whose
1. Many children, whose parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village．
2. The house, whose windows were broken last night, belongs to a famous judge.
总结：关系代词whose的先行词既可以为人，也可是物，在定语从句中充当定语。
典题直击
1. The prize will go to the writer ______ story shows the most imagination. （2011全国卷I ）
A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. what
典题直击
2. I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ______ I met in the English speech contest last year.
A. who
B. where
C. when
D. which
三、关系代词that/which
1. I lost my mobile phone that/ which cost me 1,000 dollars .
2. I lost my mobile phone （that/ which）I bought for 1,000 dollars.
3. I lost my mobile phone, which I bought for 1,000 dollars.
4. I lost my mobile phone, which made me very upset.
5. He is no longer the man that he was ten years ago.
总结：
关系代词that 的先行词既可以为人也可是物，在从句中充当主语，
宾语，表语，作宾语时可省略；但是不可以用在介词后和非限制性定语从句中。
关系代词which的先行词为物，在引导非限定从时，先行词也可为前面整个句子，在从句中充当主语，宾语，做宾语时可以省略，在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。
典题直击
1. Yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago. （08浙江）
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
典题直击
2. It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all. （2012陕西卷）
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. What
典题直击
3. Do you still remember the chicken farm ______ we visited three months ago? （2005北京春）
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. what
考点透视二、关系副词的用法
1. He will never forget the day when he got married.
2. This is the factory where my father once worked.
3. She didn’t tell us the reason why she took three days off.
总结：当先行词为表示时间、地点、原因的名词，同时又在定语从句作状语时，我们可以选择关系副词when，where，why。
典题直击1. Many countries are now setting up national parks_______ animals
and plants can be protected. （2013北京）
A. when
B. which
C. whose
D. where
典题直击 2. The days are gone _____physical strength was all you needed to
make a living. （2011天津）
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. which
能力突破
1: When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house __________ I would be staying. （2013新课标II卷）
A. what
B. when
C. where
D. which
2. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ____urgently
needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive. （2012江苏卷）
A. which
B. who
C. where
D. what
能力突破
3.Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ______ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. （2011全国卷II）
A. this
B. that
C. what
D. which
总结：在解题过程中，需要先找到先行词，然后再根据定语从句缺
少何种成分做出选择；注意which的先行词可为一句话的用法。
备考指津
1. 在复习备考的过程中，我们要熟练掌握关系代词和关系副词
的基本用法；除了进行常规的单选练习之外，还应尝试使用
定语从句来书写英文句子，以熟悉和巩固其用法。
2. 2014年高考对于关系代词which，whose和关系副词where，
when的用法考查的可能性稍大。
2): 定语从句之关系词的选择
一、考点透视
考纲定位和能力要求：
能够熟练区分关系代词和关系副词；
能够解决相关习题。
知识内涵：
关系词选择的关键有两点；
一要确定好定语从句的先行词，
二要确定好定语从句所缺何种成分。
1: I still remember the first day _____ I came to Beijing.
2: I still remember the days ___________we spent together.
3: I still remember the days _____ we spent our holidays together.
4: Last summer he went to Beijing，_____ he had visited twice.
5: Last summer he went to Beijing，____he visited a lot of places of interest.
6: Don’t get close to the house ______ roof is under repair.
7: It’s helpful to put children in a situation _____ they can see themselves differently.
温馨提示：1.当先行词为时间，地点等名词时，并不意味着就一定要
选择关系副词，而是一定要分析定语从句缺少何种成分。
2.当先行词为situation，point，case，position等抽象地
点名词同时定从缺少状语时，应选择关系副词where。
二、典题直击
1. Finally he reached a lonely island ____was completely cut off from the outside world. （2013山东）
A. when
B. where
C. which
D. Whom
典题直击
2. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ____they live. （2013四川）
A. what
B. which
C. when
D. where
典题直击
3. By 16:30，____ was almost closing time，nearly all the paintings had been sold. （2012江西）
A. which
B. when
C. what
D. That
典题直击
4. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those____ lives were affected. （2013福建）
A. whose
B. that
C. who
D. which
三、能力突破
（一）判断定语从句缺少宾语和状语的方法。
1.When I arrived，Bryan took me to see the house ____ I would be staying. （2013新课标卷）
A. what
B. where
C. when
D. which
2. He wrote a letter ____ he explained what had happened in the accident. （2013江西）
A. what
B. which
C. where
D. how
总结：
关注定从的动词，判断其是及物动词（vt.）还是不及物动词（vi.）；
若为vt.且后无宾语，则从句缺少宾语，需选关系代词；若虽为vt.但
已有宾语或者为vi.，则从句缺少状语，需选关系副词。
高考常考的vt.，如visit，spend；常考的vi，如stay，live
3. Many countries are now setting up national parks____ animals and plants can be protected. （2013北京）
A. when
B. which
C. whose
D. where
总结：
如果定语从句部分为主系表结构或被动语态结构，则通常情况下该定语从句缺少状语，需选关系副词。
能力突破
（二）判断定语从句缺少主语的方法。
The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are
built close to each other. （2011山东）
A. they
B. where
C. what
D. that
总结：当题干所需填入部分后直接为谓语动词时，则该定从
缺少主语，需选关系代词。
能力突破（三）判断定语从句缺少定语的方法。
That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen. （2010山东）
A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. what
总结：当定语从句的先行词和空后的名词之间构成所属关系，即能够
翻译成“…的…”时，则该从句通常缺定语，需选whose.
此时，应注意空后的名词前不可以有冠词。若有定冠词the，则需
使用of which/ of whom 结构。
能力突破
（四）关注先行词为抽象地点名词的情况。
Sales director is a position ____ communication ability is just as important as sales skills. （2012重庆）总结：当题干中出现position，situation，case，point等抽象地点名词时，定语从句若缺少状语则需选关系副词where。
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. Where
能力突破（五）关注考题为限制性定从还是非限制性定从。
That evening，_____ I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late. （2012全国Ⅱ）
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. when
总结：在定语从句的考题中，当that和which在选项中并存时，要注意题干是否为非限定从。同时，要牢记非限定从中不可以使用that.
四、备考指津
1.在复习备考的过程中，大家要重点牢记区分关系代词
和关系副词的方法。在命题趋势方面，关系代词which，
whose 考查较多，关系副词方面where较多。
2.习题方面以近三年的高考题和模拟题为主即可。
3): 定语从句之介词+关系代词
考点透视
考纲定位和能力要求：
掌握判断介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中介词的方法，并能够在试题中应用。
知识内涵：
有些定语从句需要使用介词+关系代词（which/ whom）来引导。
具体注意事项如下：
一、“介词+关系代词”中介词的位置
介词可以放在关系代词前面时，此时，关系代词只能使用which/ whom, 并且不能省略。介词也可放到句尾，此时关系代词which、that、who、whom都可以使用，而且可以省略。
例如：We visited the power plant in which my father once worked.
= We visited the power plant （that/ which）my father once
worked in.
二、判断介词的方法。
1. The day _______ she was born was a little mysterious.
2. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ______
she could turn for help.
3. He lost his glasses, ___________ he couldn’t see anything.
【总结】在介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中，介词的选择主要有以下三种方法：1.根据先行词；
2.根据定从中动词、形容词等的固定搭配；
3.根据语义表达的需要。
典题直击 1. Gun control is a subject _______ Americans have argued for a long time. （09陕西）
A. of which
B. with which
C. about which
D. into which
典题直击
2:. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _____ appeared a rare rainbow soon. （08福建）
A. of which
B. on which
C. from which
D. above which
典题直击3. He was educated at the local high school, _____he went on to Beijing University. （07江苏）
A.after which
B. after that
C. in which
D. in that
B.典题直击 4. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger. （05广东）
A. that
B. by which
C. which
D. in which
三：介词+关系代词”其它常见结构
1. 不定代词some, few, many, half, neither, none, both, all 等+ of + which/ whom 引导的定语从句。此时，一定要注意与并列句的区别。例如：
I have many friends, most of whom come from England.
= I have many friends, and most of them come from England.
【温馨提示】在该句式中，不定代词也可以替换为数词，形容词比较级、最高级等。
典题直击 1. The children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out. （2013浙江）
A. all of what
B. all of which
C. all of them
D. all of whom
2. Maria has written two novels, both of ____ have been made into television series. （2012山东）
A. them
B. that
C. which
D. what
3. In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses. （2012四川卷）
A. in whom
B. in them
C. of whom
D. of them
2. “介词+ which +名词”引导的定语从句
这样的结构在高考试题中并不是很常见，大家重点记住几个常考的结构：in which case, during which time，at which point 等等。
例如：
He usually returns home at 10:00, at which hour his father locks all the doors and windows.
典题直击
He may win the competition, _____ he is likely to get into the national team. （2013辽宁）
A. in which case
B. in that case
C. in what case
D. in whose case
3.“whose + 名词”引导的定语从句可以用“of which/ of whom”来替代whose。例如：
A huge amount of oil spilled, whose effects are still being felt.
= A huge amount of oil spilled, the effects of which are being felt.
= A huge amount of oil spilled, of which the effects are being felt.
典题直击
1. The man pulled out a gold watch, _______ were made of small diamonds.（08陕西）
A. the hands of whom
B. whom the hands of
C. which the hands of
D. the hands of which
2. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____had taken more than three years. （2011江西卷） A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which 能力突破
1. Wind power is an ancient source of energy ____ we may return in the near future. （2010上海）
A. on which
B. by which
C. to which
D. from which
2. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _____are family members. （2013重庆）
A them B. that C. which D. Whom
【总结】
1. 选项特点：大部分的试题，四个选项或至少两个选项为介词+关系代词形式；考查“代词+of + which/ whom”的试题，选项中常有them, that, those, these, it等进行干扰。
2. 解题关键之处：
对于直接考查“介词+关系代词”的试题，关键是牢记介词的选择方法，高考以根据从句中动词，介词等的固定搭配判断介词的方法较多。而对于“代词+of + which/ whom”的试题，关键是牢记与并列句的区别。
备考指津 1.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句属于定语从句考点中的难点。近五年高考对于该考点的考查，试题普遍比较基础，容易解答，以考查介词的选择和“代词+of+ which/ whom”这样的形式居多。
2.完成近五年高考试题中该考点的相关试题，并注意总结归纳常见的动词搭配。
4): 定语从句之关系代词as的用法
考点透视
考纲定位和能力要求：重点掌握as引导非限制性定语从句的用法。
知识内涵：关系代词as既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导
非限制性定语从句，在从句中充当主语、宾语。具体用法如下：
一、as 引导限制性定语从句
当先行词前有such, so, the same修饰，同时定语从句缺少主语或宾语时，应使用关系代词as，例如：
We have found such materials as are used in their factory.
我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。
He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can lift.
他搬起别人都搬不起的大石头。
温馨提示：
要注意such/ so…as …引导的定语从句与such/ so…that 引导的状语从句的区别。例如：
He is such a clever boy _____ everyone likes.
He is such a clever boy _____ everyone likes him.
【总结】
可以根据从句是否缺少成分来判断是选择as还是that。
The book is written in ____ easy English ____ beginners can understand. （2010 东北育才二模）
A. so；that
B. such；that
C. so；as
D. such；as
二、as引导非限制性定语从句
当as引导非限定从时，先行词为整个句子，同时在从句中担当主语或宾语的成分，可以翻译成“正如”，例如：
As is known to all, Taiwan belongs to China.
He is from the south, as we can know from his accent.
注意事项：
1. as引导非限定从与which的区别。
1）As we know, he is an honest person.=He is an honest person, as we know.= He, as we know, is an honest person.
2）He passed the test, which made his parents happy.
3）He failed the exam, which was unexpected.
【总结】
1.位置上的不同：当先行词为一句话，as引导的非限定从可以放在主句后，主句前，或者把主句拆分，放在中间；而which引导的非限定从只能放在主句后。
2.含义上的不同：as 翻译成“正如”，而which 翻译成“这件事，这一点”。
3.当从句部分为否定句或者表示否定时只能用which。
4.as常用在as is often the case, as often happens, as has been pointed out, as is mentioned above 等结构中。
2. as 引导非限定从与主语从句的区别。
As is known to all, the earth travels around the sun.
It is known to all that the earth travels around the sun.
What is known to all is that the earth travels around the sun.
典题直击 1. There is no simple answer, _____ is often the case in science. （2013山东）
A. as
B. that
C. when
D. where
典题直击
2. A lot of language learning, ______has been discovered, is happening
in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children
during that period. （2012安徽）
A. as
B. it
C. which
D. this
3. ____ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. （2004北京）
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
能力突破
1.The air quality in the city, _____ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.（2012福建）A. that B. it C. as D. What
2. ____ is known to all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. （2008 福建）
A. It
B. What
C. As
D. Which
能力突破
3. “You can’t judge a book by its cover,”_______. （2013新课标I卷）
A. as the saying goes old
B. goes as the old saying
C. as the old saying goes
D. goes as old the saying
【总结】
对于as引导的非限制性定语从句，选项中经常会有it, that, which等干扰选项，解题的关键是注意从句的位置，引导词的含义和标点符号
备考指津
1. 对于as引导定语从句的用法，高考重点考查的是as引导非
限制性定语从句的用法，因此在备考的过程中，我们要着重掌握
该用法，熟记as 的含义及一些固定结构，并注意与which和主语
从句之间的区别。
2. 完成近十年高考中关于as引导定语从句的习题。
5): 定语从句之其它用法
一、考点透视
考纲定位和能力要求：
掌握定语从句与强调句型，同位语从句的区别，主谓一致的用法及way，time 做先行词的用法。
知识内涵：
在高考中，有时会考查定语从句和其它几个相似句型的区别。具体情况如下：
（一）定语从句与同位语从句的区别
1. The news （that）we heard spread all over the school campus.
2. The news that our class won the game spread all over the school campus.
【总结】
1. 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词（名词或代词）；而同位语从句等同于它所修饰的抽象名词，是名词性的，其功能是解释说明所修饰的名词具体内容的。
2. 在定从中，that在从句中充当成分，作宾语时可省略；而同位语从句中的that不作成分，一般不可省略。
二、典题直击（2005浙江）
1. Danny left word with my secretary_______ he would call again in the afternoon.（2009重庆）
A. who
B. that
C. as
D. Which
2. Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why
B. what
C. that
D. where
（二）定语从句与强调句的区别
1. It is a question that needs careful consideration.
2. It is novels that she enjoys reading.
3. It was in the lab that was set up last year that they finished the experiment.
【总结】 1. 强调句型中的it 是个引导词，本身没有意义，去掉it is/ was …that句子结构仍然完整，句意也完整；而定语从句中的it 是指示代词，做主句的主语，如果去掉it is/ was…that, 句子结构不完整，意思也不完整。
2. 当强调句型中含有一个定语从句时，通常定语从句在被强调部分中。
（2007山东）
1. —Where did you get to know her? —It was on the farm ______ we worked .
A. that
B. there
C. which
D. where
It was on the farm ___ we worked that I got to know her.（2011四川卷）
2. Was it on a lonely island _____ he was saved one month after the boat went down?
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. What
（三）定语从句中的主谓一致
1. The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings that_______ lots of visitors. （attract）
2:. The Great Wall is the only one of the world-famous buildings that _______lots of visitors. （attract）【总结】当关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时，定从的谓语动词在人称和数的方面，要与先行词保持一致。但是，要注意，当先行词为the only one of + 复数名词做先行词时，定从的谓语动词为单数
（2010全国Ⅱ）Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who____ evening dress.
A. wear
B. wears
C. has worn
D. have worn
（四）way 做定语从句先行词的用法
当先行词是way，意为“方式，方法”，关系词在从句中作状语时，定从的引导词可以使用that/ in which/ 不填。
【例如】1. The way ___________ he explained to me was quite simple.
2. The way _____________ he explained the sentence to me was quite simple.
（2004湖北）What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it.
A. the way
B. in the way that
C. in the way
D. the way which
五、time 做定语从句先行词的用法
当先行词是time，定语从句缺少状语时，若time作“次数”讲，关系词应使用that；若time 作“一段时间，时代”讲，应使用关系副词when或介词
at/ during +which。
【例如】This is the second time _____ I have visited the country.
This was at a time _____ there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets.（2004湖北）
There was _____ time _____ I hated to go to school.
A. a; that
B. a; when
C. the; that
D. the; when
三、能力突破
（2009北京）1. —What do you think of teaching, Bob?
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job_____ you are doing something serious but interesting.
A. where
B. which
C. when
D. That
（2013浙江）2. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ______ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
A. how
B. that
C. which
D. Whether
（2013重庆）3. It was with the help of the local guide_____the mountain climber was rescued.
A. who
B. that
C. when
D. How
【总结】
对于it is/ was 开头的试题，同时题干中又存在that选项，我们可以先假设该句为强调句。然后，将it is/ was…that 去掉，若剩下的部分能组成一个完整含义的句子，即为强调句，否则就要考虑其是否为定语从句。同时注意对于对话形式的考题，一定要避免答非所问。
四、备考指津
根据近几年高考试题的情况，我们本节课所学的考点在各省市分布的并不算多，因此在复习备考的过程中，大家完成近5年的高考试题即可。同时，在做试题的时候，注意总结与对比，体会相似句型的区别。
1): 名词性从句
一、考点透视
1.名词性从句属于英语中三大从句之一，也是许多学生感觉难度最大的一个，理所当然成为了高考必考考点之一。同时从句掌握的好坏能反映出学生英语综合能力的情况。
2.考查重点是性质不同从句的辨析问题以及引导词的选择。
3.宾语从句和主语从句是高考考查重点；引导词what/that作答案的几率最大。
（一）名词性从句的分类
名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的分句，因为名词常在句中做主语、宾语、表语以及同位语，所以名词性从句就包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一般而言，主语从句常在句首；宾语从句常在动词、介词和形容词后；表语从句位于系动词后而同位语从句往往放在抽象名词后。如：What he said surprises me.（主语从句）
I’m surprised at what he said. （宾语从句）
I’m not sure what he said.（宾语从句）
That is what he said.（表语从句）
He told us the news that he was leaving for America.（同位语从句）
1.（2013·北京）____makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
2.（2013·北京）Experts believe ____ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
3.（2013·安徽）From space，the earth looks blue. This is___about seventy—one percent of its surface is covered by water.
4.（2013·浙江）The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ______ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
5.（2013·湖南）Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
6.（2013·重庆）____ we have enough evidence, we can't win the case.
A. Once B As long as C. Unless D. Since
（二）名词性从句形式的几点注意
1.有些主语从句经常用it来作形式主语，而将真正的主语从句后置。常用这种结构的句型有：
（1）It is+形容词+主语从句；
（2）It is+名词+主语从句；
（3）It is +过去分词+主语从句；
（4）It seem/appear/happen+主语从句；
（5）It doesn't matter/makes no difference/remains+主语从句等。如：
It doesn't matter whether he will attent the meeting.
It is important that we（should）prevent the rive from being polluted.
It seemed that he would not act in this film.
It is a pity that you can’t attend my party.
It is said that his new book has been published.
It made me puzzled why he treated me so differently these days.
小提示：名词性从句中的引导词that不作成分，没有意思。
二、典题直击
1.（2011·湖南）Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ___the problem itself is.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. why
2.（2013·陕西）It remains to be seen____ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. whether
3.（2011·江苏）It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.
A. that
B. how
C. when
D. why
4.在find/make/think/feel/consider等词后的宾语从句有名词或形容词作补语
时，常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置（常为that引导）。
如：I think it impossible that we will get there on time.
The teacher makes it his aim that every student can succeed in some field.
1.（2011·江西）Why don’t you bring _____ to his attention that you’re
too ill to work on？
A. that
B.it
C.his
D.him
2.（2007·天津）He didn’t make _____ clear when and where the meeting would be held.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. These
3.其后常接同位语从句的抽象名词有
news/word/fact/idea/promise/truth/chance/belief/doubt/fear/problem/questio
n/report/suggestion/advice/thought/wonder/conclusion/information/story/evi
dence/possibility等。
不同于定语从句的修饰和限制作用，同位语从句用来补充说明名词的
具体内容，其引导词常为that，不作成分，但不能省略。如：
Do you know the news that the headmaster is going to retire？
Do you know the news（that）the headmaster announced just now？
4.有时为了平衡句子结构，同位语从句与其名词常常分离。
如：Word came that the drowning boy had been saved.
He put forward the problem at the meeting whether his plan could be put into practice.
【典题】
1.（2013·浙江）The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ______ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
A. how
B. that
C. which
D. whether 2.（2011·辽宁）When the news came
_____ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. A. since B. which C. that D. Because
三、能力突破
1.（2013·北京）______makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A. That B. What C. Who D. Which
2.（2013·天津）Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
3.（2007·福建）It is none of your business____other people think about you.Believe yourself. A.how B.what C.which D.when
4. （2006·北京）— Could you do me a favor? — It depends on_____it is. A.which B.whichever C.what D.whatever
5.（2006·安徽）A warm thought suddenly came to me______I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother ’s birthday. A.if B.when C.that D.which 四、备考指津 1.名词性从句的属于历年高考直接必考考点。所以平时要注意分析长句， 认准从句，并且写作中要尽量多用从句。这样才能真正掌握名词性从句。 2.高考直接考查形式是单选，主要是引导词的选择，而且历年大多数题难度不大，主要考查句意的理解。因此只要认识各个引导词的含义基本就能正确解题。 名词性从句引导词的选择 一、考点透视 高考中对于名词性从句的考查主要集中在引导词的选择上。所以对于引导词的学习我们应该注意： 1.认识名词性从句常见的引导词，了解其在从句中的功能。 2.2.掌握一些常见引导词的特殊意思和特殊的引导词。 3.积累一些与名词性从句相关的常用句型结构。 名词性从句引导词的功能与意义 （1）
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
动宾
介宾
that （无意，不
作成分）
不能省 可省 禁用 不能省 不能省
whether/if
（是否，不作成分）
句首只用whether whether 与 or not 连用
只能用wheth er
只能用whether
只能用whether
代词 what ：什么、……的，who/whom ：谁；which ：哪一个；whose ：谁的 副词 When ：时间，where ：地点，why ：原因，how ：方式、多么 （1）除了上述之外，还有wh-ever 形式；（2）as if /becasue 也可用来引导表语从句。 二、典题直击 that 用法： （1）无意思，在从句中不作成分,不能引导介词后的宾语从句； （2）除引导单个宾语从句可以省略外，其余从句中不能省略； （3）常考查其引导动词后的宾语从句、it 作形式主语的主语从句和同位语从句中。 1.（2013·北京）Experts believe______ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. A. why B. where C. that D. what
2.（2012·江西）It suddenly occurred to him _____he had left his keys in the office. A ．whether B ．where C ．which D ．that
3.（2012·浙江）I made a promise to myself_____this year, my first year in high school, would be different. A. whether B. what C. that D. how
what 用法:（1）常翻译为“什么”、“所……的”、“……的东西/样子/事情”； （2）常考其在从句中作主语或宾语的用法。尤其是主语从句中考查频率最大。 （3）whatever 的意思为“无论什么、任何事物”，没有疑问含义。
典题】 1.（2013·重庆）__struck me most in the movie was the father ’s deep love for his son. A. That B. It C. What D. Which 2.（2013·新课标I ）Police have found _____appears to be the lost ancient statue. A. which B. where C. how D. what
3.（2012·辽宁）The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ________he could find about Mark Twain.
A. wherever
B. however
C. whatever
D. whichever 三、能力突破 1.（2013·天津）___I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What
2. （2008·山东）_____ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. A.It B.This C.What D.As
3.（2004·上海）The other day ，my brother drove his car down the street at_____I thought was a dangerous speed.
A.as
B.which
C.what
D.that
4.（2009·重庆）We should consider the students ’ request ___ the school library provide more books on popular science.
A. that
B. when
C. which
D. where
5.（2011·重庆）It is still under discussion __________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A. whether B. when C. which D. where 四、备考指津
1.首先根据题干和选项确定是考查名词性从句；
2.如果从句中缺少主语或宾语，一般选what （ever ）；
3.如果不是缺少主语或宾语则根据意思选，不缺任何意思为that；
4.注意it开头的句子结构，常为that或whether。
5.抽象名词后一般是that。
定语从句和名词性从句练习及答案(推荐文档)
you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom 11. Who can think of a situation A. which B. that C. where D. in that A. That; surprises B. What; surprising C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised 13. The thought ____ Lao Gao would open a Sichuan restaurant in Los Angeles surprised his wife A. that B. what C. whether D. if 1. Is this the factory 2. Is this factory 3. Is this the factory he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. The wolves hid themselves in the places couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 5. Here is so difficult a question A. that no one can answer B. which nobody can answer it C. as no one can answer it D. as nobody can answer 6. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 7. Antarctic __ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which 8. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 9. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where 10. He has two sons, work as chemists. this idiom can be used? 12. people spend so much money on their pets us a lot.
定语从句与名词性从句的区别
名词性从句里面各个连接词的区分 陈述语气 That +陈述语气（肯定语气）： 空气污染对气候有很大影响是明摆的事实。 真可惜我们不能去游泳. 特殊疑问词+ever whoever, whatever, …… 无论谁触犯了法律都应该被惩罚。 疑问语气 Whether 和if 你是否接受她的邀请与我无关。 People are involving in a debate aboutwhether parent should parents make suggestions to teachers. 特殊疑问词 Who 谁泄漏了那个消息还不得而知。 where 我不知道要去哪里。 What 我也在质疑近来她都在做什么。 I am doubting what she is doing. It is your heart that makes you noble. What makes you noble is your heart. 我不知道要选择哪一个
How, 我不知道该怎么做 Why 1)为什么他走得那么匆忙是一个问题。 可以在后面加上疑问语气的同位从句的先行词有哪些？ Issue，problem，question，puzzle, debate，doubt 延伸：名词性从句省略主语的情况： I don’t know what to do. I don’t know what I can do. 条件是，从句里的主语和主句的主语是一样的。 非谓语动词作状语，当主干的主语与非谓语的主语一致，可以省略非谓语里面的主语，否则，应当在非谓语前面加上非谓语的主语。 Playing basketball，Mike is strong. Weather permitting, I will go out for a picnic. 时间状语从句：主干的主语与非谓语的主语一致 While eating an apple, I was playing football. 事实上是对While I was eating an apple, I was playing football. 的省略。 同位语重句
(完整版)定语从句与名词性从句专项练习题
从句 定语从句专项练习题 一、语法填空 I、用适当的关系词填空： 1、This is the professor taught me chemistry in 1980 . 2、The hospital was built five years ago has been modernized. 3、This is the boy father died three years ago. 4、The film we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting. 5、Do you know the student was praised at the meeting? 6、1949 is the year the People’s Republic of China was founded. 7、They work in a factory makes radio parts. 8、They work in a factory radio parts are made. 9、This is the vision phone through we can see and talk to our friends. 10、Here are players from Japan, some of are our old friends. 11、She lives in a small village, is only three miles from here. 12、She is going to spend the summer holidays in Shanghai, she has some friends. 13、We’ll put off the meeting till next week, we won’t be so busy. 14、The sun gives the earth light and heat, is very important to the living things.
定语从句和名词性从句中关系词的用法
定语从句和名词性从句中关系词的用法? 定语从句,主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句分别用哪些关系词?如何用? 特别是that和what的区别 在英语教学中，关系词常常是学生容易混淆的问题。在某些情况下，学生常常不知道该使用那一个关系词,这个问题常是教学中的重点或难点。因此，本文就学生在学习关系词“that”、“which”、“whose”、“what” 时经常容易出现问题的几个难点部分进行分析，以便于教学中让学生注意区别它们的用法。 一．在定语从句中关系词用法的差异 1．关系代词“that” 与“which” 的区别 在限定性定语从句中，我们知道关系词指代人时，常用who、whom 、whose (或that)，指代物时常用whi ch 或that 。例如： 例1．Where is the girl who / that sells the tickets? （卖票的女孩子在哪？） 例2．I’ve lost bananas which / that I bought this morning. (我把今天早上买的香蕉丢了。） 在上述两个例子中who 和which都可以由that 替代。但是当先行词是all、little、few 或是由every(thin g)、any(thing)、no(thing)、none、much、only 修饰时，关系词要用that不能用which 。例如： 例3．Is this all that is left? （是不是就剩下这一个了？） 例4．Have you got anything that belongs to me? （你那有我什么东西吗？） 例5．The only thing that matters is to find our way home .（只有一件事最重要，那就是找到回家的路。） 除上述情况外，当先行词由序数词或最高级修饰时，关系词必须用that（见例6和例7）。 例6．The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan . (我们应该做的第一件事是定个计划/ 我们应该首先定个计划。) 例7．This is the best film (that) I’ve ever seen . （这是我看过的最好的影片。）此句中的that 在从句中做宾语，可以省略。 2．关系副词与关系代词的区别 在定语从句中，当先行词是人或物时，从句的引导词用关系代词；而当先行词是表示时间和地点时，常用关系副词引导。但有时常遇到先行词是表示时间或地点的名词，关系词却要用关系代词。请看例句： 例1．This is the place where we worked last year.（这是我去年工作过的地方。） 例2．This is the place which / that we visited last year.（这是我去年参观过的地方。） 上述两个句子的主句相同，先行词都是place ，但是它在两个从句中的功用不同。例1中的place 指的是从句中谓语动词发生动作的地点（… worked in the place），因此，关系词要用关系副词where (= in wh ich)。而例2中的place是从句谓语动词的宾语(…visited the place)，关系词指代的是动作的承受对象，所以要用关系代词which或that ，不能用关系副词where 。 例3．I still remember the day when Nanjing was liberated.（我一直记着南京解放的那一天。） 例4．I still remember the day which / that we spend together.（我一直记着我们共同度过的时光。） 例3中的day 在从句中做状语(表示…on the day) ，所以用when 。例4 中的day 是从句中spend 的宾语(…spend the day) ，所以要用which 或that 。 由此，我们可以看出：当先行词是表示时间或地点的名词时，用关系代词还是用关系副词引导定语从句，要根据先行词在句子中的功用。当先行词在从句中表示的是时间或地点（在从句中做状语）时，要用关系副词；当先行词在从句中做宾语（表示动作的承受者，有时先行词在从句中做主语）时，就要用关系代词。 3．在非限定性定语从句中指物时只能用which
名词性从句与定语从句区别练习
名词性从句专项练习Ⅱ 1. Police have found _________ appears to be the lost ancient statue. 2. _______ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. 3. Experts believe _______ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. 4. _________ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love his son. 5. It’s good to know _______ the dogs will be well cared for while we away. 6. the only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _____ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. 7. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _____ close you may be to victory. 8. From space, the earth looks blue. This is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 9. _____ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. 10. It remains to be seen _____ the newly formed committee’s policy be put into practice. 11. It is by no means clear ______ the president can do to end the strike. 12. The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ____ he reached these limits will depend on his environment.
定语从句和名词性从句的区别和比较
定语从句和名词性从句 考点一关系代词引导的定语从句 1．whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，of which可以代替whose指物，词序一般是名词＋of which或of which＋名词。of whom 可以代替whose指人，词序是名词＋of whom。 Many children，whose parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village. 父母亲在大城市里打工的许多孩子在村庄里被照顾的非常好。 The old temple whose roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. 那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修中。 2．which，that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that；which代指前面整个句子内容。 They talked for about an hour of things and people that they remembered in the school.关于他们记得的上学时的人和事，他们讨论了一小时。 The Internet is a huge computer system which/that allows millions of people around the world to share information. 因特网是一个庞大的计算机系统，它使得世界上成千上万的人们共享信息成为可能。3．who，whom，that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city. 近千人在这一社区居住，他们当中很多都是从农村老家来城市寻求更好的日子的。 考点二介词提前了的定语从句 1．与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。 In the dark street，there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。 2．与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。 Patience，without which you can't do the work well，is a kind of quality. 耐心是一种品质。没有了耐心，你不能做好工作。 3．of＋which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose) Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(＝whose price)was very reasonable. 最近我买了个古老的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。 考点三关系副词引导的定语从句 1．关系副词在定语从句中作状语，when指时间，where指地点，why指原因，在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。 Occasions are quite rare when I have time to spend a day with my kids. 我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。 After graduation I'd like to find a job where I can use what I have learnt at school.毕业后我要找到一份能利用在学校所学知识的一份工作。 2．先行词是时间名词或地点名词时，如果在从句中不作状语，则不能用when或where引导定语从句，而要用which/that。 Is this the reason(that /which)he gave us for the delay of the project?
定语从句和名词性从句的区别和练习复习进程
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 e.g. She is the girl who talked to me yesterday. 名词性从句（Noun Clauses）---主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在句中做主语、宾语、表语和同位语的成份。 e.g. I don’t know who she is. (宾语) This is why I came here.（表语） 区别： 第一，定语从句有先行词，且先行词可以放入后面的从句中使从句完整； 名词性从句中的主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句没有先行词，同位语从句有先行词但在从句中不做成分。 e.g. The news that they told me excited me. （the news可以放入从句中，使句子完整，即they told me the news） The news that our team won excited me. (the news无法放入从句中，所以是同位语从句） 第二，在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。 第三，最关键也是最重要的区别： 1.名词性从句和定语从句的最本质的不同点在于，前者在句子中做名词，而后者相当于形容词，修饰或限制名词或代词。名词性从句由that引导时，通常不充当从句的句子成分，故that 可省去。但定语从句由that引导时，如在从句中充当主语时，则that不能省去。 2.使用中最大的区别：定语从句由于在句子中只作定语，故去掉它，整个句子还完整，就像普通的句子去掉一个定语不影响原句的完整性一样。但名词性从句由于它们充当的是句子的骨干成分（主语，宾语或表语），故去掉它们，原句就不通了。如下面的A句，去掉了主语从句That he has become a rich man ，原句变成is known to all in our town。就失去了完整性。而B句，去掉定语从句部分that is on the desk后，原句变成The pen is mine还是通的。 A：That he has become a rich man is known to all in our town . B：The pen that is on the desk is mine .
英语名词性从句试题类型及其解题技巧
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定语从句和名词性从句
定语从句 定语从句的分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 一、关系代词that和which 1、中用that的情况 1）先行词是all,much ,little,the one,anything, something, nothing, everything, none等不定代词时 2）先行词被形容词最高级以及first,last ,any, only, few, much, no, some, very等词修饰时。3）在there be句型中，只用that, 不用which.。 4）先行词既有人又有物时。 5）在“it is +名词+定语从句+定语从句”的强调结构中，后一定语从句要用that 如：it is only a man who is quite experienced that can fulfill this task. 2、只能用which的情况 1）如果关系代词紧跟在介词后，只能用which或whom，不能用that或who。 2）引导非限制性定语从句时 3）先行词是集体名词时，指整天，关系代词用which，指集体中的各个成员，则用who 3、关系代词和关系副词的省略 1)关系代词which，whom，who，that，在定语从句中作直接宾语时可以省略。 2）当that在从句中作补语时可以省略。 3）在there be结构中出现定语从句，或在定语从句中出现there be时，用做主语的冠词代词。 4）当先行词是reason，而且定语从句中作状语时，关系代词可用why或that，也可以省略。5）当先行词是way，且在定语从句中作方式状语时，关系代词可用in which或that，也可以省略。 6）注意：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，不省略。 7）当先行词表示时间时，关系代词可用when或有时用that，有时也可以用省略。 8）先行词表示地点时，关系代词可用where或有事用that，有时也可以省略。 二、关系代词as 1、引导限定性定语从句 1）构成the same...as, such...as结构，as用于代替指人或物的先行词。 2）比较the same ...as 和the same...that This is the same book as I read last week 这和我上周读的那本书是一样的。 This is the same book that I read last week 这就是我上周读的那本书。 3）如果先行词表示抽象概念，则没有这种区别 She told me the same story as /that she had told you I had th same difficulty that /as you had lat year. 2、非限制性定语从句 关系代词as引导非限定性定语从句时，用于代替整个主句，意思是“正如”，as从句位置较之which引导的非限制性定语从句更加灵活，因而as从句可以指后面将要提到的内容。 3、有关as的常用词组 As is known to all 众所周知 As is often the case 情况常常如此 As the name indicate/suggests 顾名思义 As may be imagined 可以想象得出 As often happens 这种情况常常发生
(完整版)定语从句和名词性从句练习及答案
1. Is this the factory _____ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 2. Is this factory ____ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 3. Is this the factory _____ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. The wolves hid themselves in the places _____couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 5. Here is so difficult a question ____. A. that no one can answer B. which nobody can answer it C. as no one can answer it D. as nobody can answer 6. The reason is ____he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 7. Antarctic ____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which 8. May the fourth is the day ____ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 9. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where 10. He has two sons, __________ work as chemists. A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom 11. Who can think of a situation ____ this idiom can be used? A. which B. that C. where D. in that 12. ____ people spend so much money on their pets ____ us a lot. A. That; surprises B. What; surprising C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised 13. The thought____ Lao Gao would open a Sichuan restaurant in Los Angeles surprised his wife A. that B. what C. whether D. if
名词性从句和定语从句的例句及练习
That you don’t like him has nothing to do with me. Whether John will do this experiment remains a question. Who will be sent abroad to further his studies is not announced. What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well. Which school will win the prize is not known. Whose dictionary has not been found is still unknown. Whichever you take will be yours. Whoeve r wants this book may take it. Whatever was said here must be kept secret. When they will start hasn’t been decided yet. How he managed to finish the composition in such a short time is still a mystery. He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. I want to know what he has told you. She will give whoever needs help a warm support. The fact is that we have lost the game. That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. It looks as if it is going to rain. The question is whether we can rely on him. The news that we won the game is exciting. The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved Is he the man who/that wants to see you? He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green. A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born. I shall never forget the day when ( on which ) we first met. Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer? As we know, smoking is harmful to one\'s health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 1. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. / 2.John let out the news annoys all of us. A. Whether B. What C. That D. / 1.It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future. A. / B. which C. whether D. that 1..Having checked the doors were closed, and all the lights were off, the boy opened th e door to his bedroom.
定语从句和名词性从句经典对比练习
定语从句和名词性从句对比练习（经典） I.定语从句与其他相似易混结构比较 1.定语从句与并列结构 1) She won the first prize in the speech contest and______ surprised us. A. which B. it C. as D. who 2) She won the first prize in the speech contest, ______ surprised us. A. which B. whom C. them D. what 2.定语从句与结果状语从句 1) This is such an interesting book ______ all of us want to read. A. as B. which C. that D. what 2)This is such an interesting book ______ all of us want to read it .
A. as B. which C. that D. what 3.定语从句与地点状语从句 1) He advised me to live ________ the air is fresher. A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where 2) He advised me to live in the place ______ the air is fresher. A. in where B. in that C. where D. which 4.定语从句与主语从句 1) ______ is known to everyone that Taiwan is part of China. A. As B. Which C. It D. What
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语的一般过去式还是做非谓语的过去分词。例如： He gave me a book, ________ bought yesterday. 此句中，“gave”是谓语动词是毫无疑问的，关键是“bought”的判断。如果它是谓语动词，就可以考虑从句，如果是非谓语动词，就不能考虑从句。更大的困惑是“buy”的过去式和过去分词都是“bought”。区别的办法是，谓语动词的被动是“be +动词的过去分词”，而做非谓语的“-ed”是直接表被动的。在本句中，“bought”是直接表被动，因为书是被买的，所以不能考虑从句。 2. 从句的基本概念 了解为什么能考虑从句之后，学生需要明白的是，从句在什么位置。判断的原则是：所有的从句都需要引导词，也就是有引导词的地方才有从句。如： He is a student ______ likes music. 因为“he”前面不可能加引导词，所以从句肯定是“______ likes music”再比如：_______ he says is right. 从句肯定是“_______ he says”。3. 定语从句的基本概念 定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的形容词性从句。即从句前面有名词或代词是考虑定语从句的先决条件。如He is a student ______ likes music.可以考虑为定语从句，而_______ he says is right.不能考虑为定语从句。 同时，被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。如He is a student ______ likes music. 期中的“student”可以考虑为先行词。对于这一
高考英语定语从句和名词性从句讲解与综合训练
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