人教版高中英语选修七 Unit2 Robots-语法篇(学生版)-教学文档

第4讲Robots 语法篇

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1.掌握各个时态的被动语态的结构与用法；

2.能够熟练运用被动语态解题造句。

一. 含义与构成

1. 被动语态表示句中的主语接受谓语动作，也就是说，主语是谓语动作的承受者。谓语动词用作被动语态的句子叫做被动句。

2. 构成：be + 过去分词(be有时可用become 或get代替), be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。

3. 被动语态的各种时态形式有：

一般时态：be + 过去分词

English is spoken in many countries.

Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare.

Many believe that one day the earth will be destroyed if people do not learn to live in peace.

进行时态：be + being + 过去分词

His plan is being carried out successfully.

The new curtains were being hung when the visitors showed up.

The car will be being cleaned by my brother.

完成时态：have + been + 过去分词

I’ve been robbed.

The outcome of the election was announced before all of the votes had been counted.

Everything will have been done by the end of this month.

二. 用法

1. 强调动作的承受者：

Frank was hit by a car.

A new idea has been suggested.

2. 说话者不知道动作的执行者，或者认为没有必要指出：

This bridge was built in 1700.

The house is being repaired.

3. 说话者希望所说的内容显得更加客观，避免就一些自己不太肯定的事表态：

此类通常为表示\"据说\"或\"相信\" 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成，如：It is said that…据说；It is reported that… 据报道；It is believed that…大家相信；It is hoped that…大家希望；It is well known that… 众所周知

It is said that Japan’s industrial progress after the war was very remarkable.

1. (2019北京)——Did you enjoy the party?

——Yes,we___ by our hosts.

A.were treated

B.would be treated

C.treated

D.had treated

2. (2019重庆) In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat____ cut.

A.will have been

B. will be

C. Was

D. has been

3. (2019天津) Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides.

A. has been reached

B. was reached

C. will reach

D. will have reached

4. (2019四川) More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.

A. are being built

B. will be built

C. have been built

D. had been built

5.(2019福建) To my delight, I from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.

A. was chosen

B. was being chosen

C. would choose

D. had chosen

基础演练

1. This coastal area _________ a national wildlife reserve last year.

A. was named

B. named

C. is named

D. names

2. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _________.

A. is made

B. would make

C. was to be made

D. had made

3. The church tower which _________ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.

A. has restored

B. has been restored

C. is restoring

D. is being restored

4. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at the end of the words _________.

A. are dropped

B. drop

C. are being dropped

D. have dropped

5. It is reported that many a new house _________ at present in the disaster area.

A. are being built

B. were being built

C. was being built

D. is being built

巩固提高

6. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money –making jobs they _________ before

they leaving their hometowns.

A. promised

B. were promised

C. have promised

D. have been promised

7. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _________ at the culture show of the 2019 Shanghai World Expo.

A. are exhibiting

B. is exhibiting

C. are being exhibiting

D. is being exhibiting

8. You’ve failed to do what you _________ to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you.

A. will expect

B. will be expected

C. expected

D. were expected

9. If city noises ____ from increasing, people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner.

A. are not kept; will have to

B. are not kept; have

C. do not keep; will have to

D. do not keep; have to

10. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.

A. developed

B. have developed

C. are being developed

D. will have been developed

11. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off.

--- Yes，it all depends on the weather.

A. I've been told

B. I've told

C. I'm told

D. I told

12. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.

A. has completed

B. completes

C. has been completed

D. is completed

13. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in thenear future.

A. cut

B. are cut

C. are being cut

D. had been cut

14. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.

A. has been designed

B. had been designed

C. was designed

D. would be designed

15. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.

A. breaks

B. has broken

C. was broken

D. had been broken

1. I should be very much like to have gone to the party, but I _________.

A. am not invited

B. am not being invited

C. shall not be invited

D. was not invited

2. ----How are things going?

---- The disabled _________ no relatives in Guangzhou _________ by the volunteers, who will graduate from Zhongshan University next year.

A. with; are taking care of

B. have; will be taken care of

C. with; are being taken care of

D. have; are being taken care of

3. The attackers were arrested and didn’t know where they _________.

A. would take

B. are taken

C. were being taken

D. will be taken

4. People begin to know that most environmental problems exist because necessary measures for preventing them _________ in the past.

A. are not taken

B. were not taken

C. hadn’t been taken

D. wouldn’t be taken

5. ----My car _________ twice this month.

---- I’m sorry to hear that.

A. has been broken in

B. was broken in

C. has been broken into

D. was broken into

6. Our game of basketball _________. We had been playing for about half an hour when it started to rain heavily.

A. has interrupted

B. had interrupted

C. was interrupted

D. had been interrupted

7. The princess and the Frog is a fairy musical that _________ the days when Walt Disney was a person, not a brand.

A. was dated back to

B. dates back to

C. has been dating from

D. had dated from

8. Linda, make sure the tables _________ before the guests arrive.

A. be set

B. set

C. are set

D. are setting

9. The way the guests _________ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service..

A. Treated

B. were treated

C. would treat

D. would be treated

10. During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _________ not to touch any unattended bag.

A. had always been warned

B. were always being warned

C. are always warning

D. always warned

11. ----Why does the lake smell terrible?

----Because large quantities of water _________.

A. have polluted

B. is being polluted

C. has been polluted

D. have been polluted

12. ----Hi, Tory, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?

----Sorry. _________.

A. It’s repaired

B. It has been repaired

C. It’s being repaired

D. It had been repaired

13. The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front _________ to arrive.

A. is expected

B. is expecting

C. expects

D. will be expected

14. I like these English songs and they _________ many times on the radio.

A. taught

B. have taught

C. are taught

D. have been taught

15. I got caught in the rain and my suit _________.

A.has ruined

B. had ruined

C. has been ruined

D. had been ruined

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一.单项选择

1. — Do you think he will come at this weekend?

— ___________, because he has an important party to attend.

A. I don't believe

B. I don't believe it

C. I believe not so

D. I believe not

2. She was so sad because she failed in the math test. Let's ______ her _______.

A. leave … behind

B. leave … alone

C. leave … aside

D. leave … out

3. They desired that they __________ the right to attend the meeting.

A. had

B. have

C. are

D. were

4. Many applicants stood outside the manager's office, nervously waiting _________ for the job.

A. to choose

B. being chosen

C. choosing

D. to be chosen

5. It was at this shop _______ I bought my skirt. How about coming to my home to have a look tonight?

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. what

6. People have been complaining about SK-II recently and think the advertisements always persuade people _________ the products which are not so good.

A. buy

B. to buy

C. buying

D. bought

7. He has been _______ for three weeks. We'd better find another person to fill his place.

A. absent

B. left

C. gone

D. resigned

8. His daughter has ___________ the young politician for five years.

A. got married with

B. been married to

C. been married with

D. got married to

9. I am going to the post office. Do you have any letter _________?

A. to be sent

B. to send

C. sending

D. sent

10. After a whole afternoon's heated discussion, they finally ________ to us what had been decided.

A. told

B. declared

C. stated

D. Made

二. 完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

How did you do it, Dad? How have you managed not to take a drink for almost 20 years? It took me almost 20 years to have the 16 to even ask my father this very personal question. When Dad first 17 drinking, the whole family was on pins and needles(如坐针毡) every time he got into a situation in the past,18 would have started him 19 again. For a few years we were afraid to bring 20 up for fear that the drinking would begin again.

“I had this little poem that I would recite to myself at least four to five times a day.” was Dad's 21 to my 18-y ear-old unasked question. “The words were a constant 22 to me t hat things were 23 so hard that I could not deal with th em,” Dad said. Then he 24_the poem with me. The poem's 25 , yet profound (深刻的) words immediately became 26 of my daily routine as well.

About a month after this talk with my father, I 27 a gift in the mail from a friend of mine. It was a book of

daily sayings of wisdom with one 28 for each day of the year.

It has been my 29 that when you get something with days of the year on it, you naturally turn to the page that lists your own 30 . I 31 opened the book to November 10 to see 32 words of wisdom this book had in store for me. I was 33 when I looked at the page, and then tears of disbelief and appreciation 34 down my face. There, on my birthday, was the exact same poem that had helped my father 35 all these years! It is called the Serenity (平静) Prayer:

God, grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change; the courage to change the things I can, and the wisdom to know the difference.

11. A. chance B. courage C. ability D. right

12. A. gave up B. took up C. went on D. carried on

13. A. where B. what C. which D. how

14. A. reciting B. asking C. smoking D. drinking

15. A. one B. this C. it D. these

16. A. reply B. words C. excuse D. explanation

17. A. fear B. imagination C. thought D. reminder

18. A. never B. seldom C. always D. ever

19. A. discussed B. shared C. offered D. talked

20. A. wonderful B. long C. simple D. boring

21. A. all B. That C. any D. part

22. A. received B. Accepted C. knew D. heard

23. A. listed B. Included C. read D. said

24. A. method B. experience C. wealth D. message

25. A. character B. birthday C. qualities D. favorites

26. A. doubtfully B. carefully C. happily D. hurriedly

27. A. where B. whether C. what D. how

28. A. excited B. astonished C. disappointed D. frightened

29. A. hung B. pulled C. rolled D. pushed

30. A. with B. at C. in D. For

三.阅读理解

Revolutionary TV Ears

TV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume(音量) and now it’s better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level that’s comfortable for them. You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute(静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment —maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.

TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction car tip, not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. That’s w hy TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists(听觉学家) nationwide as well as world-famous doctors.

Customer Recommended TV Ears!

“ Now my husband can have the volum e as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my

hearing level. TV Ears is so comfortable that Jack forgets he has them on ! He can once again

hear and understand the dialogue.”

— Darlene & Jack B, CA

Risk Free Trial! TV Ears comes with a 30-day risk free trial.

Special Offer — Now ＄59.95.

If you’re not satisfied, return it.

Money-back guarantee!

Call now ! 800-123-7832

31. TV Ears helps you _____.

A. improve your sleeping quality

B. listen to TV without disturbing others

C. change TV channels without difficulty

D. become interested in ballgame programs

32. What makes TV Ears different from other headsets?

A. It can easily set TV on mute.

B. Its headset volume is adjustable.

C. It has a new noise reduction car tip.

D. It applies special wireless technology.

33. This advertisement is made more believable by _____.

A. using recommendations

B. offering reasons for this invention

C.providing statistics.

D.showing the results of experiments.

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