科技英语在线考试试题

1. Obviously you came here intending to （） the United States and

you will need a work visa

A. rest with

B. resort to

C. render into

reside in

满分：1 分

2. Tom's father, as well as his mother, _____ in New York for a few

days more.

A. ask him to stay

asks him to stay

C. ask he should stay

D. asks he should stay

满分：1 分

3. Enough lava had __________ from the volcano to bury the entire village.

disrupted

splashed

erupted

spilt

满分：1 分

4. A contract is the only document between the parties to which they may

______ for clarification （澄清）of mutual responsibilities.

refer

offer

prefer

differ

满分：1 分

5. Scientists have discovered genetic variations that make people

more likely to get ______ on cigarettes and more prone to develop

lung cancer.

A. retained

hooked

C. tired

D. hanged

满分：1 分

6. The manager decided to give the job to_________he believed had

a strong sense of duty.

whoever

B. whenever

C. whatever

D. wherever

满分：1 分

7. Now the committee （） seven members

A. consist of

B. is consisting of

C. is consisted of

consists of

满分：1 分

8. It was suggested that this problem _________ at the next meeting.

A. was discussed

B. will be discussed

C. have to be discussed

be discussed

满分：1 分

9. Recent laws have tended to______ the freedom of the press in

this country.

A. exceed

restrict

C. convert

D. resolve

满分：1 分

10. Winning by a narrow ______, the Lakers now go on to play in the

championship. .

A. combat

margin

C. fringe

D. conquest

满分：1 分

11. Theories have been proposed by astronomers to ______ electrical

disturbances （干扰） in the atmosphere.

apply for

allow for

account for

appeal for

满分：1 分

12. The International Whaling Commission warns that if nothing is

done to save the whales now the species will soon be _______.

A. imitated

B. intimated

C. contaminated

. exterminated

满分：1 分

13. For such a tiny woman she had a(n)______ courage to fight

against two thieves.

A. incredible

B. resistant

C. staple

D. massive

满分：1 分

14. If it_____tomorrow, we will stay indoors to have our training

class.

rains

B. rained

C. will rain

D. is raining

满分：1 分

15. We’ve worked out a method by which our production can be

raised on a large （）

A. quantity

scale

C. quality

D. proportion

满分：1 分

阅读理解

1.

A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin

deep. One's physical assets and liabilities don't count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should

always try to look her best.

Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not so beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted. Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties(虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group —college students, or teachers or corporate personnel mangers—a piece of paper relating an individual's accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted. Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.

In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire(追求) to managerial positions do not

g et on as well as women who may be less attractive.

1). According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career as a manager _____.

a person's property or debts do not matter much

a person's outward appearance is not a critical qualification

women should always dress fashionably

women should not only be attractive but also high minded

满分：2 分

2). The result of research carried out by social scientists show that

______.

people do not realize the importance of looking one's best

women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid well

good looking women aspire to managerial positions

attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not 满分：2 分

3). Experiments by scientists have shown that when people evaluate individuals on certain attributes ______.

they observe the principle that beauty is only skin deep

they do not usually act according to the views they support

they give ordinary looking persons the lowest ratings

they tend to base their judgment on the individual's accomplishments 满分：2 分

4). "Good looks cut both ways for women"(Line 1, Para.5) means that

_______.

attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public jobs

good looking women always get the best of everything

being attractive is not always an advantage for women

attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial positions

满分：2 分

5). It can be inferred from the passage that in the business world

_____.

handsome men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women are physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite well physically attractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get along quite well

good looks are important for women as they are for men

满分：2 分

1.

In order to talk about the nature of the universe and to discuss questions such as whether it has a beginning or an end, you have to be clear about what a scientific theory is. I shall take the simple-minded view that a theory is just a model of the universe, or a restricted part of it, and a set of rules that relate quantities in the model to observations that we make.It exists only in our minds and does not have any other reality. A theory is a good theory if it satisfies two requirements. It must accurately describe a large class of observations on the basis of a model that contains only a few arbitrary elements, and it must make definite predictions about the results of future observations.For example, Aristotle’s theory that everything was made out of four elements, earth, air,

fire, and water, was simple enough to qualify, but it did not make any definite predictions. On the other hand, Newton’s theory of gravity was based on an even simpler model, in which bodies attracted each other with a force that was proportional to a quantity called their mass and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Yet it predicts the motion of the sun, the moon, and the planets to a high degree of accuracy.

Any physical theory is always provisional, in the sense that it is only a hypothesis: you can never prove it. No matter how many times the results of experiments agree with some theory, you can never be sure that the next time the result will not contradict the theory. On the other hand, you can disprove a theory by finding even a single observation that disagrees with the predictions of the theory. In practice, what often happens is that a new theory that is devised is really an extension of the previous theory.

The eventual goal of science is to provide a single theory that describes the whole universe. However, the approach most scientists actually follow is to separate the problem into two parts. First, there are the laws that tell us how the universe changes with time. If we know what the universe is like at any one time, these physical laws tell us how it will look at any later time. Second, there is the question of the initial state of the universe.

Some people feel that science should be concerned with only the first part; they regard the question of the initial situation as a matter for religion. They would say that God could have started the universe off any way he wanted. That may be so, but in that case he also could have made it develop in a completely arbitrary way. Yet it appears that he chose to make it evolve in a very regular way according to certain laws. It therefore seems equally reasonable to suppose that there are also laws governing the initial state.

It turns out to be very difficult to devise a theory to describe the universe all in one go. Instead, we break the problem up into bits and invent a number of partial theories. Each of these partial theories describes and predicts a certain limited class of observations, neglecting the effects of other quantities, or representing them by simple sets of numbers. It may be that this approach is completely wrong. If everything in the universe depends on everything else in a fundamental way, it might be impossible to get close to a full solution by investigating parts of the problem in isolation. Nevertheless, it is certainly the way that we have made progress in the past. The classical example is the Newtonian theory of gravity, which tells us that the gravitational force between two bodies depends only on one number associated with each body, its

mass, but is otherwise independent of what the bodies are made of. Thus one does not need to have a theory of the structure and constitution of the sun and the planets in order to calculate their orbits.

Today scientists describe the universe on terms of two basic partial theories — the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. They are the great intellectual achievements of the first half of this century. The general theory of relativity describes the force of gravity and the large-scale structure of the universe. Quantum mechanics, on the other hand, deals with phenomena on extremely small scales, such as a millionth of a millionth of an inch. Unfortunately, however, these two theories are known to be inconsistent with each other — they cannot both be correct. One of the major endeavors in physics today, is the search for a new theory that will incorporate them both — a quantum theory of gravity. We do not yet have such a new theory, and we may still be a long way from having one, but we do already know many of the properties that it must have.

1). According to the author, a theory is all of the following EXCEPT for ______.

a model of the universe

a restricted part of the universe

a set of rules

a reality

满分：2 分

2). The difference between Aristotle’s theory and Newton’s theory is ______.

Aristotle’s theory can describe a large class of observations, while Newton’s cannot.

Newton’s theory can describe a large class of observations, while Aristotle’s cannot.

Aristotle’s theory can make a definite prediction of the future observations, while Newton’s cannot.

Newton’s theory can make a definite prediction of the future observations, while Aristotle’s cannot.

满分：2 分

3). The approach adopted by most scientists to devise a theory to describe the universe is _________.

to break the problem up into bits and invent a number of partial theories

to invent one theory to describe the whole universe

to combine general theory of relativity with quantum mechanics

to study the origin of the universe

满分：2 分

4). It is described in Newton’s theory of gravity that bodies attracted each other with a force which is ______.

inversely proportional to their mass

inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them proportional to the square of the distance between them

proportional to the constitution of them

满分：2 分

5). According the passage, the great intellectual achievements of the first half of the 20th century are ______.

Newton’s theory of gravity and the general theory of relativity

Newton’s theory of gravity and quantum mechanics

the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics

the general theory of relativity and the quantum theory of gravity

满分：2 分

完形填空

1.

A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide — the division of the world into the

6).

developed centralized realized commercialized

满分：0.5 分7).

users

producers customers

citizens

满分：0.5 分8).

enterprises governments officials customers

满分：0.5 分9).

away

for

aside

behind

满分：0.5 分10).

netted

worked

put

organized

满分：0.5 分11).

decrease

narrow

neglect

low

满分：0.5 分12).

containing preventing

keeping combating

满分：0.5 分13).

win

beat

defeat

fear

满分：0.5 分14).

enormous

endless

numerical numbered

满分：0.5 分15).

bring

keep

hold

take

满分：0.5 分16).

with

for

满分：0.5 分17).

infection investment invasion

insult

满分：0.5 分18).

invented

guided

built

erected

满分：0.5 分

19).

why

where

when

how

满分：0.5 分

20).

concerning

concluding

according

including

满分：0.5 分

五、主观填空题（共 4 道试题，共 8 分。）

V

1.

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Conversion (convert) to gas central heating

will save you a lot of money.

试题满分：2 分

第 1 空、满分：2 分

2.

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Most of us get easily irritated(irritable),

while waiting for some picture to be

downloaded, especially when we are in a

hurry.

试题满分：2 分

第 1 空、满分：2 分

3.

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

The Hope Project desires to e eradicate（根除）poverty in this area

by educating people for its future construction.

试题满分：2 分

第 1 空、满分：2 分

4.

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

1. Sleep, just like eating, toileting and dressing is a daily habit

that requires

(requirement) regular training before it becomes properly established.试题满分：2 分

第 1 空、满分：2 分

六、主观填空题（共 6 道试题，共 12 分。）

V

1.

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

1. The new Volkswagen is much more

streamlined and almost all the body

panels are c curved(弯曲的).

试题满分：2 分

第 1 空、满分：2 分

2.

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

It took the authorities a long time to make identification (identify) of the accident victims.

试题满分：2 分

第 1 空、满分：2 分

3.

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

As you are usually very prompt in settling your account, we wonder whether there is any special reason why we have not received payment of the above account, already one month o

overdue (过期的).

试题满分：2 分

第 1 空、满分：2 分

4.

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

She has v volunteer (志愿) to assist the nature conservancy, a

non-profit conservation organization, organized and existing under the laws of the state of new hampshire .

试题满分：2 分

第 1 空、满分：2 分

5.

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

You idea at least disposed (disposal) of the immediate problem though it may not be the best solution.

试题满分：2 分

第 1 空、满分：2 分

6.

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

I am glad the government has acted p promptly（迅速地）on the new scientific advice and welcomed the Health Secretary’s statement that beef is still safe to eat.

试题满分：2 分

第 1 空、满分：2 分

七、论述题（共 1 道试题，共 5 分。）

1.

他虽然学识渊博，但对这种生物科技引起的情况他也不知道如何应付。(for all )

For all he is learned, he has no idea how to deal with the situation caused by the biotechnology.

八、其他题

1. （英译汉）In the millions of miles of ocean that touch a hundred nations live four out of five living things on earth.

在几百万英里海洋中，联系着一百多国家，生长着地球五分之四的生物

2. （汉译英）这个数学问题远不像你一开始所想的那么复杂。(far from)

This math problem is far from you begin to think so complex.

3. （英译汉）The price of gasoline will come down in Chinese market.

汽油价格在中国市场会下降。

4. （英译汉）On the other hand, you can disprove a theory by finding even a single

observation that disagrees with the predictions of the theory.

另一方面，你可以通过寻找来反驳理论，即使是一个单一的观察是不同意与理论预测的。

5. （英译汉）His failure to observe the safety regulations results in an accident.

这次机械事故的原因在于他没有遵守安全法规

6. （汉译英）人们到了失去健康的时候，才意识到健康的重要。（not...until）

Not until they are ill do some people are aware of the importance of

health to a human being.

九、判断题（共 6 道试题，共 12 分。）

V

1. （判断正误）But for the help of my English teacher, I would not

have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition.

. 错误

B. 正确

满分：2 分

2. （判断正误）A few hours ago, a small suitcase with some

important papers were stolen from the general manager's office.

A. 错误

正确

满分：2 分

3. （判断正误）The man denied going into the neighbor's garden

and stealing his cow.

A. 错误

正确

满分：2 分

4. （判断正误）Equipped with modem facilities, today's hospitals are

quite different from that of the past.

A. 错误

正确

满分：2 分

5. （判断正误）Mr Smith is coming to visit us soon. We'd better get

everything ready before he arrives.

A. 错误

正确

满分：2 分

6. （判断正误）Surely, there are lots of problems solving in our

research so we need to get well prepared in advance.

错误

B. 正确

满分：2 分

科学技术史试题(四)

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科技英语翻译练习

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