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Subject to 和 Subjected to

Subject to 和 Subjected to
Subject to 和 Subjected to

Subject to 和 Subjected to

Subject to和subjected to都是很常見的英文用語,但筆者察覺到不少人把兩者混淆。Subject to中的subject是形容詞,主要解釋有二。第一指受某些條件所約束,常見於法律條文。

市民可使用康文署管理的康體設施,條件是須預先繳付租用費,英文翻譯就是:Use of recreation and sports facilities managed by the Leisure and Cultural Service Department is subject to prior payment of the prescribed hire charges.

又例如,有網站容許讀者複印及轉發文章,但必須遵守一些規則:You can copy and distribute the article subject to the following conditions.

Subject to一般用於公文,所以我們不會對小孩說:You may eat ice cream, subject to completion of your homework,而只會說:You may eat ice cream if you finish your homework。

此外,subject to 亦指容易受到某種狀影響。例如:The price is subject to change. (價格可能有變。)

至於be subjected to,其實是動詞subject to的被動式。動詞subject to意謂「使……屈服於……」或「使……遭受……」,通常用以描述令人不快的經歷。例如:This man has subjected his children to years of abuse.(這男子長年虐待他的孩子。)換成被動式,便是:The children have been subjected to years of abuse by their father.(這些孩子長年受到父親虐待。)其他例子有:

This country has been subjected to foreign rule for a century.

(這個國家遭外國統治已經百年了。)

The racial minorities are subjected to discrimination.

(少數族裔飽受歧視。)

During the colonial era, local people who wanted to join the civil service were subjected to additional requirements.

(殖民地年代,本地人應徵公務員,須符合額外要求。)

Subject to和subjected to的最大差異,是subjected to有不情願的意味。機場要求乘客登機前接受安全檢查,會說:Airline passengers are subject to security checks prior to boarding,但不滿被搜身的乘客可能會說:I was subjected to a humiliating search before boarding the plane,分別正在於前者說明登機的規則,態度中立,後者則強調乘客並非情願,帶有貶義。

初中五种基本句型的用法及其运用讲义(无答案)

学科教师辅导教案 学员编号:年级:新初三课时数:学员姓名:辅导科目:英语学科教师:课程主题:初中五种基本句型授课时间:2018.7.24 学习目标 1.掌握五种基本句型的用法以及它们在用法上的区别 教学内容

一、知识精讲 五种基本句型是句子最基本的组成部分。掌握了这五种基本句型,在阅读中当我们遇到较复杂的句子时,运用这些基本句型,对句子的分析就会变得容易多了。在写作中,首先要能运用好这些基本句型,才能得到高分。 (一)五种基本句型的句子成分: 1. 句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分包括主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语等。 2. 主语(subject):主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 【例句】 We often speak English in class. 我们在课上经常说英语。 Smoking does harm to the health. 吸烟对健康有害。 The rich should help the poor. 富有的人应该帮助贫困的人。 3.谓语(verb):谓语可用来说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词常在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。分及物动词和不及物动词两种。 【例句】 He practices running every morning. 他每天早晨练习跑步。 I have caught a bad cold. 我得了重感冒。 We like helping the people in trouble 我们喜欢帮助那些处于困境中的人。 4.宾语(object):宾语在句中表示动作的对象或承受者,一般位于及物动词或介词后面。 【例句】 They went to see a film yesterday. 他们昨天看了一场电影。 She often helps her mother with their housework. 她经常帮助她的妈妈做家务。 I enjoy listening to popular music. 我喜欢听流行音乐。 5. 表语(predicative):表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词构成。 【例句】 The weather has turned cold. 天气变得冷了。 His job is to teach English.

subject_to_浅谈

首先将subject 和to 单独理解,subject的主要和常用意思是: 1. As a noun, a person owing loyalty to a certain state or royal ruler: a subject of the United Kingdom. 作名词,指对某个国家或统治者表示忠诚的人,用常用汉语表述为“臣民、国民”;如:英国国民。 2. As a noun, something being considered, as in a c onversation: Don’t change the subject; answer the question. 作名词,指如在一个谈话中正在讨论、考虑的东西,汉语表述为“话题、主题、论题”;如:不要改变话题,回答这个问题。从翻译的角度来讲,这句话可以用更好的中文表述:不要东拉西扯,回答这个问题;不要罔顾左右而言它,回答这个问题。 3. As a noun, a branch of knowledge studied, as in a system of education: she’s taking 3 subjects in her examinations. 作名词,所学知识的一个分支,如在教育系统中的学科,汉语表述为“科目、学科”:她在参加三门学科的考试。 4. As a noun, a cause: his strange cloth was a subject for amusement. 作名词,(事情的)起因,汉语表述为“起因、原因、缘由”:他奇怪的服饰是大家取笑的原因(直译);他奇怪的服饰成了大家的笑料。 5. As a noun, the main area of interest treated in a work, esp. written: a book on the subject of love. 作名词,著作中的主题思想,尤其是在书面作品中,汉语表述“主题、主体、题材”:一本以爱情为主题的书。 6. As an adjectiv e, governed by some one else; not independent: a subject race. 作形容词,(被)统治的,不独立的;汉语表述为“隶属的、统治的、管辖的、服从的”:一个隶属民族。 7. As a verb, to cause to be controlled or ruled: These people have been subjected by another tribe. 作动词,被统治、控制;汉语表述为“统治、控制”:这些人被另外一个部落统治着。 我们都知道“to”在英语中都作介词使用,主要意思是:向、去、到、达到、比、对、在等等。 当subject 和to连用,构成短语subject to,其意思发生了很大变化,尤其是和它的名词形式。因而Subject to 是英语中一个很常见、很重要但很难把握的短语。特别是在商务合同、法律和税收等中出现的频率很高,不少人由于没有真正了解它的用法,而不能正确理解、翻译和使用它。下面谈谈subject to的用法: 一、作形容词用 1.基本含义是“应服从……的……”、“受制于……”。英语解释:owing obedience to, 示例: All the foreigner friends are subject to the law of our country. 所有外国朋友都应服从我们国家法律。 2.基本含义是“有……倾向”、“易受……”。英语解释为:prone to,vulnerable to。 Wenchuan and Qingchuan counties in Sichuan province are subject to earthquakes as they are located on Longmenshan Earthquake Zone. 四川省的汶川和青川县易受地震的影响,因为它们位于龙门山地震带上。 A weak man is subject to cold. 体质不好的人易感冒。

感官动词和使役动词

感官动词和使役动词 默认分类2010-05-28 23:14:26 阅读46 评论0 字号:大中小订阅 使役动词,比如let make have就是3个比较重要的 have sb to do 没有这个用法的 只有have sb doing.听凭某人做某事 have sb do 让某人做某事 have sth done 让某事被完成(就是让别人做) 另外: 使役动词 1.使役动词是表示使、令、让、帮、叫等意义的不完全及物动词,主要有make(使,令), let(让), help(帮助), have(叫)等。 2.使役动词后接受词,再接原形不定词作受词补语。 He made me laugh. 他使我发笑。 I let him go. 我让他走开。 I helped him repair the car. 我帮他修理汽车。 Please have him come here. 请叫他到这里来。 3.使役动词还可以接过去分词作受词补语。 I have my hair cut every month. 我每个月理发。 4.使役动词的被动语态的受词补语用不定词,不用原形不定词。 (主)He made me laugh. 他使我笑了。 (被)I was made to laugh by him. 我被他逗笑了。 使役动词有以下用法: a. have somebody do sth让某人去做某事 ??i had him arrange for a car. b. have somebody doing sth.让某人持续做某事。 ??he had us laughing all through lunch. 注意:用于否定名时,表示“允许” i won't have you running around in the house. 我不允许你在家里到处乱跑。 ******** 小议“使役动词”的用法 1. have sb do 让某人干某事 e.g:What would you have me do? have sb/sth doing 让某人或某事处于某种状态,听任 e.g: I won't have women working in our company. The two cheats had the light burning all night long. have sth done 让别人干某事,遭受到 e.g:you 'd better have your teeth pulled out. He had his pocket picked. notes: "done"这个动作不是主语发出来的。 2.make sb do sth 让某人干某事 e.g:They made me repeat the story. What makes the grass grow?

The way常见用法

The way 的用法 Ⅰ常见用法: 1)the way+ that 2)the way + in which(最为正式的用法) 3)the way + 省略(最为自然的用法) 举例:I like the way in which he talks. I like the way that he talks. I like the way he talks. Ⅱ习惯用法: 在当代美国英语中,the way用作为副词的对格,“the way+ 从句”实际上相当于一个状语从句来修饰整个句子。 1)The way =as I am talking to you just the way I’d talk to my own child. He did not do it the way his friends did. Most fruits are naturally sweet and we can eat them just the way they are—all we have to do is to clean and peel them. 2)The way= according to the way/ judging from the way The way you answer the question, you are an excellent student. The way most people look at you, you’d think trash man is a monster. 3)The way =how/ how much No one can imagine the way he missed her. 4)The way =because

感叹句用法讲解

感叹句 感叹句(exclamatorysentence)用来表示说话人喜怒哀乐、惊讶、赞美等强烈感情的句子。用降调,句末用感叹号,句首多用how和what,其余与陈述句结构相同。 1、带有how的感叹句 用来感叹形容词、副词或动词,其结构: (1)How+形容词+主语+谓语! How happy he is!他是多么的幸福啊! How exciting he became when he heard the news!当他听到这个消息时,他是多么的激动!How beautiful the West Lake is!西湖是多么的美丽啊! (2)How+副词+主语+谓语! How hard he is working now!他现在工作得多么的努力呀! How slowly he runs!他跑得多么慢呀! How beautifully you sing!你唱得多么好听啊! (3)How+主语+动词! How her mother worried!她母亲是多么地担心啊! How he enjoys collecting stamps!他是多么的喜欢集邮啊! How the men pumped like crazy!水手们发疯般地抽着水! (4)How+形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数形式 Miss Langham arm in arm with Mr.Peabody——how astonishing a sight!兰哈姆小姐挽着皮博迪先生的胳膊,看上去真叫人吃惊! How interesting a book it is!多么有趣的一本书啊!

(5)How+ many, much, few, little+名词+主语+谓语! How little food they have!他们的食物多么少啊! How few books she has!他有的书多么少啊! 2、带有what的感叹句 带有what的感叹句用来感叹名词,被感叹的名词既可以是可数名词(单数形式或复数形式),也可以是不可数名词。 (1)What a/an+(形容词)+单数名词+谓语! What a fine day it is!天气多么好啊! What an interesting story it is!它是多么有趣的一个故事啊! What an honest boy he is!他是一个多么诚实的孩子呀! What a beautiful day it was and how happy I was!天是多么的好,我是多么的高兴啊!(2)What+(形容词)+复数名词+谓语! What funny stories they are!他们是多么可笑的故事啊! What beautiful colours they are!它们的颜色是多么的漂亮啊! What terrible earthquakes they are!多么可怕的地震啊! (3)What+(形容词)+不可数名词+谓语! What great progress he has made!他取得了多么大的进步呀! What terrible weather we met!我们那时遇到了多么可怕的天气啊! What fun it is to have a swim in summer.夏天游泳是多么有趣的是啊! 3、感叹句的特殊表达法 (1)不定式短语引起的感叹句

subjectto用法解析

The obligations of the Company under the Guarantee (a) will be subject to the laws from time to time in effect relating to the bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation, possessory liens, rights of set off, reorganization, merger, consolidation, moratorium or any other laws and legal procedures, whether of the similar nature or otherwise, generally affecting the rights of the creditors; (b) will be subject to the statutory limitation of the time within such proceedings may be bought; (c) will be subject to the principles of equity and, as such, specific performance and injunctive relief, being equitable remedies, may not be available; (d) may not be given effect to by a British Virgain Island court, whether or not it is applying the foreign laws, is and to the extent they constitute the payment of an amount which is in the nature of a penalty and not in the nature of liquidated damages; 译文: 解析: 以上是我们在翻译实物中遇到的,无论是原文表达还是翻译及修订,都比较经典,所以特摘录下来与大家一起交流学习。 本段落考查: (1)法律翻译中常见的subject to 的用法,在此句子中,"subject to + laws(statutory 的法律(诉讼时效,原则)的限制(约束)”;limitation of time, the principles)”译为“受……. (2) subject to一般有两种用法: 等法律文件名或文件中一、以介词短语形式出现,后跟“agreement”, “contract”“regulations” 特定条款名等名词配合使用; 通常可翻译成“根据……规定”及“在不抵触……的情况下”;二、以介词短语/动词短语(be subjected to,较少见)出现,后接法律文书或条款以外的 或“…..服从或接受” 等, 例: 其它名词;一般译为“使…..面临/遭受……..”  (1) Subject to the provisions of Clause 5.4.1, the contributions of Party A and Party B to the Company’s registered capital shall be made in one instalment by no later than six (6) months after the Establishment Date. The Parties shall make their respective capital contributions to the registered capital of the Company on the same date. 根据5.4.1 条款的规定,甲乙双方对公司注册资本的出资必须在成立日之后最晚6个月内一次性付清。双方必须在同一天支付各自对注册资本的出资。 (2)员工应服从公司有关部门领导的安排与指导。 The Employee shall be subject to the reasonable arrangement and direction by appropriate officers of the Company.

感官动词的用法

感官动词 1.see, hear, listen to, watch, notice等词,后接宾语,再接省略to的动词不定式或ing形式。前者表全过程,后者表正在进行。句中有频率词时,以上的词也常跟动词原形。 注释:省略to的动词不定式--to do是动词不定式,省略了to,剩下do,其形式和动词原形是一样的,但说法不同。 see sb do sth 看到某人做了某事 see sb doing sth 看到某人在做某事 hear sb do sth 听到某人做了某事 hear sb doing sth 听到某人在做某事 以此类推... I heard someone knocking at the door when I fell asleep. (我入睡时有人正敲门,强调当时正在敲门) I heard someone knock at the door three times. (听到有人敲门的全过程) I often watch my classmates play volleyball after school. (此处有频率词often) (了解)若以上词用于被动语态,须将省略的to还原: see sb do sth----sb be seen to do sth hear sb do sth----sb be seen to do sth 以此类推... We saw him go into the restaurant. → He was seen to go into the restaurant. I hear the boy cry every day. → The boy is heard to cry every day. 2.感官动词look, sound, smell, taste, feel可当系动词,后接形容词。 He looks angry. His explanation sounds reasonable. The cakes smell nice.

The way的用法及其含义(二)

The way的用法及其含义(二) 二、the way在句中的语法作用 the way在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语: 1.作主语 The way you are doing it is completely crazy.你这个干法简直发疯。 The way she puts on that accent really irritates me. 她故意操那种口音的样子实在令我恼火。The way she behaved towards him was utterly ruthless. 她对待他真是无情至极。 Words are important, but the way a person stands, folds his or her arms or moves his or her hands can also give us information about his or her feelings. 言语固然重要,但人的站姿,抱臂的方式和手势也回告诉我们他(她)的情感。 2.作宾语 I hate the way she stared at me.我讨厌她盯我看的样子。 We like the way that her hair hangs down.我们喜欢她的头发笔直地垂下来。 You could tell she was foreign by the way she was dressed. 从她的穿著就可以看出她是外国人。 She could not hide her amusement at the way he was dancing. 她见他跳舞的姿势,忍俊不禁。 3.作表语 This is the way the accident happened.这就是事故如何发生的。 Believe it or not, that's the way it is. 信不信由你, 反正事情就是这样。 That's the way I look at it, too. 我也是这么想。 That was the way minority nationalities were treated in old China. 那就是少数民族在旧中

英语中感叹句的用法讲解what how

英语中感叹句的用法讲解 很多人对英语中感叹句的用法不是很了解。经常在英语句子中出现一些错误。英语感叹句常用"what"和"how"引导,"what"和"how"与所修饰的词置于句首,其它部分用陈述句语序。 一、由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是: what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is). 如: ① What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀! ② What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀! ③ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀! ④ What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花呀! ⑤ What delicious food it is! 多么有味的食物呀! ⑥ What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀! 二、由"how"引导的感叹句:"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是: How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is). 如:① How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀! ② How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀! ③ How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀! ④ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀! ⑤ How hard they are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀! 三、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用"what"引导,也可用"how"引导。如: ① What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀! ② What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are!

subject to的用法

subject to就是英语中一个很重要的短语,特别就是商贸英语中出现的频率很高,不少人由于没有真正了解它的用法,而不能正确使用它,下面谈谈subject to的用法。 一、作形容词用,其基本含义就是“受限于……”,“服从于……”,“易受……”。例: ①We are subject to the law of our country. 我们受我们国家法律的约束。 ②This city is subject to earthquakes. 这座城市易受地震的影响。 ③He is subject to high fever. 她易发高烧。 二、作副词用,意思就是“在……条件下”,“依照……”。例: ①This can only be done subject to his consent. 只有在她同意的条件下才可以做这事。 ②We accept your offer subject to following alteration:price reduced by U、S、$2,00 per piece. 我们接受您们的报价但得作如下更改:即每件降价2美元。 三、作动词用,意思就是“服从于……”,“隶属于……”,“使经受……”。例: ①Rates of Exchange often subject to alterations. 汇率经常处于变动中。 ②Ancient Rome subject at most of Europe to her rule. 古罗马征服了大半个欧洲。 ③We must subject all the applications to careful scruting、 我们必须对所有的申请进行仔细的审查。 总之,subject to可作形容词、副词、动词词组来使用,to 就是介词,sub-就是表示“在……下面”,“附属”,“次于”的前缀,明白这些,我们就很容易掌握并运用它了。 Room rates are subject to 15% service charge with one breakfast per room per night 这句话就是中,服务费及餐费就是否包括在room rates中? 问题补充:酒店住宿时, 住宿费、早餐费、15%服务费就是三个独立的item, 有的酒店报房费时,会包括早餐费及服务费;有的则只包括早餐不包括服务费;有的什么都不包括,就就是单独的房费。 这个句子应该就是不包括服务费,但就是早餐费? 不包含。 在商务英语中,subject to、、、就是指xx根据实际情况另付。比如:Air Freight subjects to FSC、就就是说:运费不包含燃油附加费。 这句话就是说:每晚每房15%的早餐服务费另付 我觉得这个地方的意思就是:房费要另外附加一个15%的包含提供每日早餐在内的服务费。也就就是说,在您去结帐的时候,除了您的房间费之外,还会加收您15%的服务费,这个服务费

英语中感官动词的用法

英语中感官动词的用法 一、感官动词 1、感官动词(及物动词)有:see/notice/look at/watch/observe/listen to/hear/feel(Vt)/taste(Vt)/smell(Vt) 2、连缀动词(含感官不及物动词) be/get/become/feel/look/sound/smell/taste/keep/stay/seem/ appear/grow/turn/prove/remain/go/run 二、具体用法: 1、see, hear, smell, taste, feel,这五个动词均可作连系动词,后面接形容词作表语,说明主语所处的状态。其意思分别为"看/听/闻/尝/摸起来……"。除look之外,其它几个动词的主语往往是物,而不是人。 例如:These flowers smell very sweet.这些花闻起来很香。 The tomatoes feel very soft.这些西红柿摸起来很软。 2、这些动词后面也可接介词like短语,like后面常用名词。 例如:Her idea sounds like fun.她的主意听起来很有趣。 3、这五个感官动词也可作实义动词,除look(当"看起来……"讲时)只能作不及物动词外,其余四个既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词,此时作为实义动词讲时其主语一般为人。 例如:She smelt the meat.她闻了闻那块肉。 I felt in my pocket for cigarettes.我用手在口袋里摸香烟。 4、taste, smell作不及物动词时,可用于"t aste / smell + of +名词"结构,意为"有……味道/气味"。 例如:The air in the room smells of earth.房间里的空气有股泥土味。 5、它们(sound除外)可以直接作名词,与have或take构成短语。 例如:May I have a taste of the mooncakes?我可以尝一口这月饼吗?taste有品位、味道的意思。 例如:I don’t like the taste of the garlic.我不喜欢大蒜的味道。 She dresses in poor taste.她穿着没有品位。 look有外观,特色的意思,例:The place has a European look.此地具有欧洲特色。 feel有感觉,感受的意思,watch有手表,观察的意思。例:My watch is expensive.我的手表很贵。 6、其中look, sound, feel还能构成"look / sound / feel + as if +从句"结构,意为"看起来/听起来/感觉好像……"。 例如:It looks as if our class is going to win.看来我们班好像要获胜了。 7、感官动词+do与+doing的区别: see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do表示动作的完整性,真实性;+doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性。 I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"

(完整版)the的用法

定冠词the的用法: 定冠词the与指示代词this ,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西. (1)特指双方都明白的人或物 Take the medicine.把药吃了. (2)上文提到过的人或事 He bought a house.他买了幢房子. I've been to the house.我去过那幢房子. (3)指世界上独一无二的事物 the sun ,the sky ,the moon, the earth (4)单数名词连用表示一类事物 the dollar 美元 the fox 狐狸 或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人 the rich 富人 the living 生者 (5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词等前面 Where do you live?你住在哪? I live on the second floor.我住在二楼. That's the very thing I've been looking for.那正是我要找的东西. (6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体 They are the teachers of this school.(指全体教师) They are teachers of this school.(指部分教师) (7)表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前 She caught me by the arm.她抓住了我的手臂. (8)用在某些有普通名词构成的国家名称,机关团体,阶级等专有名词前 the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the United States 美国 (9)用在表示乐器的名词前 She plays the piano.她会弹钢琴. (10)用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人 the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫妇) (11)用在惯用语中 in the day, in the morning... the day before yesterday, the next morning... in the sky... in the dark... in the end... on the whole, by the way...

介词to的用法归纳

一:表示相对,针对 be strange (common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive,immune, vulnerable, indispensable) to Air is indispensable to life. Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation. This injection will make you immune to infection. 二:表示对比,比较 1:以-ior结尾的形容词,后接介词to表示比较,如:superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior The quarrel happened prior to my arrival. 2: 一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词,如equal,similar,equivalent,analogous A is similar to B in many ways. 3:表示一些先后顺序的形容词,如:second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown. 4: to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,incontrast to compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如: World is usually compared to a stage Compared with his past,he has changed a lot. Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介 词to就要改成rather than ,如: The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender. Many people prefer spending money to earning money. They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives. 5: to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner. 三: 表示修饰关系 1: 表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question, solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter 2: 表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path the approach to a bridge引桥 the approach to science Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service. The access to education 接受教育的机会 The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利 3: 表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition,heir to throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress advisor to the Prime Minister 4: 表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom. Everyone has an equal right to …….. 5: 表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress 6: 表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.

感官动词的用法

1.感官动词用法之一:see, hear, listen to, watch, notice等词,后接宾语,再接动词原形或ing形式。前者表全过程,后者表正在进行。句中有频率词时,以上的词也常跟动词原形。 I heard someone knocking at the door when I fell asleep. (我入睡时有人正敲门) I heard someone knock at the door three times. (听的是全过程) I often watch my classmates play volleyball after school.(此处有频率词often) 若以上词用于被动语态,后面原有动词原形改为带to不定式: We saw him go into the restaurant. →He was seen to go into the restaurant. I hear the boy cry every day. →The boy is heard to cry every day. 2.感官动词用法之二:look, sound, smell, taste, feel可当系动词,后接形容词: He looks angry. It sounds good. The flowers smell beautiful. The sweets taste sweet. The silk feels soft. I felt tired. They all looked tired. 这些动词都不用于被动语态。如:The sweets are tasted sweet.是个病句。注意:如果加介词like,则后不可接形容词,而接名词或代词:

“the way+从句”结构的意义及用法

“theway+从句”结构的意义及用法 首先让我们来看下面这个句子: Read the followingpassageand talkabout it wi th your classmates.Try totell whatyou think of Tom and ofthe way the childrentreated him. 在这个句子中,the way是先行词,后面是省略了关系副词that或in which的定语从句。 下面我们将叙述“the way+从句”结构的用法。 1.the way之后,引导定语从句的关系词是that而不是how,因此,<<现代英语惯用法词典>>中所给出的下面两个句子是错误的:This is thewayhowithappened. This is the way how he always treats me. 2.在正式语体中,that可被in which所代替;在非正式语体中,that则往往省略。由此我们得到theway后接定语从句时的三种模式:1) the way+that-从句2)the way +in which-从句3) the way +从句 例如:The way(in which ,that) thesecomrade slookatproblems is wrong.这些同志看问题的方法

不对。 Theway(that ,in which)you’re doingit is comple tely crazy.你这么个干法,简直发疯。 Weadmired him for theway inwhich he facesdifficulties. Wallace and Darwingreed on the way inwhi ch different forms of life had begun.华莱士和达尔文对不同类型的生物是如何起源的持相同的观点。 This is the way(that) hedid it. I likedthe way(that) sheorganized the meeting. 3.theway(that)有时可以与how(作“如何”解)通用。例如: That’s the way(that) shespoke. = That’s how shespoke.

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