参考答案及解析
( ) 101. After Christmas, _____ clothing on sale in that shop attracted quite a few housewives.
A.a variety of
B. a number of
C. the number of
D. the great deal of
( ) 102. The mayor promised the city government _____ the building of the new roads with the taxes it collected.
A. shall finance
B. may support
C. can help
D. should provide
( ) 103. Whoever does wrong to his country or to the people deserves _____.
A. to punish
B. to be punished
C. to punishment
D. of being punished
( )104. Some children usually behave in their own way _____ they do not get along with their classmates and there are often disagreements between them.
A. even though
B. on condition that
C. so that
D. unless
( ) 105. Secondary and higher education _____ available to all high school graduates in this country so far.
A. have made
B. were made themselves
C. have been made
D. were made it
( ) 106. The mother believes that John's stupid, but it's different _____ of Mary; she's just lazy.
A. in spite
B. in the case
C. in the course
D. in case
( ) 107. The image of a devoted and noble angel in white _____ heals the wounded and rescues the dying is making a comeback _____ the nation faces a crisis.
A. that…because
B. who…when
C. which…that
D. what…as
( ) 108. About how many elements _____ make up most of the substances we meet in everyday life?
A. it is which
B. what it is
C. is it that
D. it is that
( ) 109. The government was believed to be considering _____ a law _____ it a crime to import any kind of weapon.
A. to pass … to making
B. to be passing … to make
C. passing … made
D. passing …. making.
( ) 110. Dewitt Wallance founded the Reader's Digest as a pocket-sized, non-fiction magazine _____ to inform and entertain.
A. was intended
B. intending
C. to intend
D. intended
( ) 111. _____ this instrument should have put its work permit number on the box. A. Who checked B. Whoever inspected
C. No matter who examined
D. Those who estimates
( ) 112. I am sure I can help you find ____ bed for your new house, but now I'm heading for ____ bed and ____ good sleep.
A. a , a , the
B. a , / , a
C. the , a , a
D. a , the , a
( ) 113. Two of the notebooks ____ Tom had lost on the bus were returned to the main desk at his dormitory.
A. what
B. which
C. who
D. whose
( ) 114. The drink tastes a little ____ to me.
A. strong
B. strongly
C. so strong
D. too much strong
( ) 115. My roommate lost a lot of weight ___ every day.
A. to exercise
B. with exercise
C. for exercise
D. by exercising
( )116. I went to ____ to buy a ruler and a rubber.
A. a stationer
B. a stationer's
C. the stationer
D. stationer's
( ) 117. They arrived there at last, ____.
A. was tired and hungry
B. being tired and hungry
C. tired and hungry
D. tiredly and hungrily
( ) 118. ----- What was the party like?
------Wonderful . It's years ____ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. before
B. after
C. when
D. since
( ) 119. Time should be made a good use ____ our lessons well.
A. of to learn
B. of learning
C. to learn
D. to learning
( ) 120. You cannot be ____ careful when you drive a car.
A. very
B. so
C. too
D. enough
( ) 121. When he arrived, he found ____ the aged and the sick at home.
A. nothing but
B. none but
C. none other than
D. no other than
( ) 122. John seems a nice person. ____, I don't trust him.
A. Even though
B. Even so
C. Therefore
D. Though
( ) 123. Excuse me. If your call's not too urgent, do you mind ____ mine first?
A. I make
B. if I make
C. me to make
D. that I make
( ) 124. We agreed to accept ____ they thought was the best tourist guide.
A. whatever
B. whomever
C. whichever
D. whoever
( ) 125. ____ she realized it was too late to go home.
A. No sooner it grew dark than
B. Hardly did it grow dark that
C. Scarcely had it grown dark than
D. It was not until dark that
( )126. They are going to have the serviceman ____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.
A. install
B. to install
C. to be installed
D. installed
( ) 127.There is an increase of 16% in the consumption of tobacco_____ the previous
year.
A. over
B. than
C. to
D. then
( ) 128. ______ on time, I think, the medicine will work on him before long.
A. Taken
B. Being taken
C. If taking
D. Take
( ) 129. _____ you want me to fire you, I suggest you stop wearing sports clothes at office.
A. As long as
B. As far as
C. Since
D. Unless
( ) 130. Nobody in the class except you and me _____ to the principal about the air quality problems.
A. has complained
B. have complained
C. complain
D. complaining
( ) 131. Why can't you smoke?
At no time _______ in the meeting room.
A. does smoking permit
B. smoking be permitted
C. is smoking permitted
D. permits smoking
( ) 132. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience ___on benches, chairs or boxes.
A. having seated
B. seating
C. having been seated
D. seated
( ) 133. These winners from that key school are wise and diligent, actually there are ______students in that school
A. many such
B. such many
C. so many
D. so much
( ) 134. Jack got a good mark although he had done _____ the others.
A. half as much as
B. as much as half
C. as half as
D. as much half as
( ) 135.In the USA, both the federal and state governments have laws _____ to guard consumers against deceptive advertisements
A. to be designed
B. designed
C. to design
D. designing
( ) 136 It is _____honor for Mrs. Black to be invited to act as an hostess at the party.
A. an
B. a
C./
D. the
( ) 137. Don't forget the appointment with the principal at the registry office,
_____you?
A. don't
B. do
C. will
D. shall
( ) 138 We have no interest in the actress's scandal (丑闻), _____has been the focus of the newspaper's attention for months.
A. which
B. what
C. who
D. that
( ) 139. Terry doesn't like the idea of his wife _____ in that affair.
A. being involved
B. involving
C. involved
D. to be involved
( ) 140. _______ to be much chance of our catching him up in the near future.
A. You don't seem
B. There doesn't seem
C. That doesn't seem
D. It doesn't seem
( ) 141. ___known to all , China will be an ___and powerful country in 20 or 30 years' time.
A. As is...advancing
B. As is...advanced
C. It is...advancing
D. It is...advanced
( ) 142. --I'm going to the post office.
--_____you're there, can you get me some postcards?
A. As
B. While
C. Because
D. If
( ) 143. _____ a total investment of 12.2 billion yuan , the tunnel will run 17 meters beneath the Yangtze, the country's longest river.
A. With
B. In
C. For
D. In spite of
( ) 144. Beijing's Wangfujing Bookstore brought in various popular science titles with stories and questions and answers about China's first successful manned space flight, and attracted more buyers________.
A. than usual
B. as usual
C. than that
D. in effect
( ) 145. In spite of the heavy loss left by the earthquake ,the people tried to go about their own business ______ nothing had happened.
A. only if
B. as if
C. even if
D. if only
( ) 146. Smith, William and Jenkins are all famous magazine publishers,
_______their ancestors, they are not famous newsmen.. .
A. but unlike
B. but likely
C. unlikely
D. though unlikely
( ) 147. The past six years have witnessed miraculous changes in the construction of Pudong, a hot land in the east _____now has become the focus of the world attention.
A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. that
( ) 148. Scientists are concentrating on antiviral drugs already in drugstores, ______ something that will quickly help people stop dying from the new disease.
A. hoping to find
B. to hope to find
C. if to find
D. whether finding
( ) 149. _______you've got a chance. you might as well make full use of it.
A. Now that
B. After
C. Although
D. As soon as
( ) 150. The purpose of new technologies is to make our life easier,＿＿＿＿＿it more difficult.
A. not make
B. not to make
C. not making
D. do not make
( ) 151. We'll have to finish the task ,＿＿＿＿＿.
A. long it takes however
B. it takes however long
C. long however it takes
D. however long it takes
( ) 152. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _______ he or she wants.
A. however
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. whenever
( ) 153 Watching the sun rise above the branches of trees whose roots stretch deep into the heart of the Wall, you feel you are standing on a man-made structure that has indeed become part of _________.
A. the nature B nature C. a nature D. natures.
( ) 154. ______ I admit that there are still some problems about the traffic in this area, I don't mean that it can't be solved.
A. While
B. Until
C. Unless
D. As
( ) 155. The true value of life is not in ____but in ____.
A. which we get / what give us
B. what we get / what we give
C which do we get / which do we give.
D. how we get / how we give
( ) 156. _________ his expression, he greatly moved.
A. To judge from
B. Judged for
C. Judging from
D. Judged with
( ) 157. People are not allowed _____ the garden to prevent the flowers _________.
A. entering, being destroyed
B. to enter, to destroy
C. to enter, being destroyed
D. entering, destroying
( ) 158. _________ going to the exhibition.
A. All but he and me is
B. All but he and me are
C. All but he and I are
D. All but he and I am
( ) 159. It looks like rain. It _______ go out and watch TV at home.
A. is better not to
B. had better not
C. isn't better to
D. had no better
( ) 160. "Let's have dinner in the hotel dining-room."
"On, I'm afraid it may be_____ expensive.
A. too much
B. much too
C. greatly
D. very great
( ) 161. Have you got everything ready for the meeting?
Yes, but we need________.
A. three other chairs
B. other three chairs
C. another three chairs
D. three another chairs
( ) 162. He pointed to the fact ____ they were not there.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. /
( ) 163. He is not qualified _______ the job.
A. with
B. to
C. on
D. for
( ) 164. " _______ are the Olympic Games held?" "They _____ once every four years."
A. How soon, occur
B. How long, are held
C. How often, occur
D. How far, are held
( ) 165. No harm _______ your health if you dream a little when you are sleeping.
A. does to
B. is done to
C. does for
D. is done for
( ) 166. Tom hopes to become a friend of ________ shares his interests.
A. anyone
B. whoever
C. whomever
D. who
( ) 167. He looks worried; I think he ______ in the exam.
A. must have failed
B. ought to have failed
C. should have failed
D. must fail
( ) 168. I don't have a job. I would find one but I ______ no time.
A. had
B. didn't have
C. had had
D. have
( ) 169. I am not sure how long they _____.
A. have married
B. have been married
C. have got married
D. married
( ) 170. This kind of car is believed _____ in a few years.
A. to have been made
B. to be made
C. should be made
D. to make
( )171. _____ gathered in front of the Town Hall, waiting for the mayor to meet them.
A. Several hundred people
B. Several of hundred of
C. Several hundreds people
D.Several hundred of people
( ) 172. All that I need _____ a large sum of money with which to buy my wife a diamond ring.
A. are to be
B. is
C. are
D. were
( ) 173. The prize winner stood on the platform, _____. He could hardly keep back his tears.
A. excited
B. excitedly
C. exciting
D. calmly
( ) 174.Will you buy me a stamp if you _____ a post-office.
A. have passed
B. will pass
C. are passing
D. will have passed
( ) 175. I once worked in the place _____ I visited last week.
A. where
B. which
C. in which
D. in that
( ) 176. This was ____ was known _____ "the Survival of the Fittest".
A. which … as . that … to C. what … as D. it .. for
( ) 177. --- Need he do all these exercise again?
--- Yes, he _____.
A. must
B. need
C. might
D. needs
( ) 178. She made a note of it _____ she might forget.
A. in order that
B. so that
C. if
D. in case
( ) 179. --- Were the exercises difficult?
--- Not at all. In fact, I found _____.
A. it very easy to do
B. them very easy to do
C. very easy to do it
D. very easy to do them
( ) 180. We often heard of people ____in some countries.
A. rob and beat
B. being robbed and beaten up
C. be robbed and beaten up
D. to be robbed and beaten up
( ) 181.Hearing Mummy at the door, _____.
A. off the bed the little girl jumped
B. off the bed jumped the little girl
C. off the little girl jumping the bed
D. off jumped the bed the little girl
( ) 182. All the methods he could think of _____ the traffic jam _______.
A. solving … wasn't working
B. to solve … di dn't work
C. solving … didn't work
D. to solve …wasn't working
( ) 183.--You look very pleased today!
--Yes, I ____ so happy as I do now for a long time.
A. didn't feel
B. wasn't feeling
C. don't feel
D. haven't felt
( ) 184.That ____ girl is Mary's cousin.
A. pretty little Swedish
B. Swedish little pretty
C. Swedish pretty little
D. little pretty Swedish
( ) 185. It's ____ so easy as you imagine.
A. almost not
B. not nearly
C. hardly
D. not almost
( ) 186.While watching TV, ____.
A. the telephone rang
B. the telephone was ringing
C. the telephone was heard ring
D. I heard the phone ringing
( ). 187.You rarely have breakfast at home, _____ you?
A. do
B. don't
C. have
D. haven't
( ). 188.The Australian teacher had all his students ____ their English names on cards.
A. written
B. to write
C. write
D. writing
( ) 189.It was not ___ I saw Helen the next morning ____ I felt relieved.
A. until, that
B. when, that
C. until, when
D. when, then
( ) 190.When you have seen the film, you'll find the hero ____.
A. a person too perfect to be not true
B. a too perfect person to be true
C. too perfect a person to be true
D. too perfect a person to be not true
( ) 191.Edith has invented a device ____ can solve the problem of saving electricity.
A. which she claims
B. she claims it
C. as she claims
D. what she claims
( ) 192.Everybody was looking for you when the meeting was over. You ____ without a word.
A. mustn't leave
B. shouldn't have left
C. couldn't have left
D. needn't leave
( ) 193.I can hardly imagine a boy of ten ____ so cruelly.
A. to be treated
B. to treat
C. be treated
D. being treated
( ) 194.So ____ that the little girl covered her ears with her hands.
A. loud was the thunder
B. loud the thunder was
C. the thunder was loud
D. was the thunder loud
( ).195.I would have come sooner, but I ____ that you were waiting.
A. hadn't known
B. wouldn't know
C. haven't known
D. didn't know
( ) 196. ___ hearing the news, all of us jumped with joy.
A. At
B. On
C. By
D. In
( ) 197. Naughty as my brother is, ____ he is never late ____ his homework.
A. but...for
B. but...with
C. /...to
D. /...with
( ) 198. What is ____ troubles you most from time to time?
A. it that
B. that
C. which
D. it
( ) 199. Jack passed the examination though he had done ____ the others.
A. as much as half
B. half as much as
C. as half as much
D. as much half as
( ) 200. Martin, with his wife, both working in the same company, ____ decided that they would send their little daughter to the nearest kindergarten.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
参考答案及解析：
101. A 102. A 同29题103. B deserve praising(= to be praised; =praise) 值得赞扬104. C 105. C将被动语态还原成主动语态就不难看出此题测试的是make sth. adj.结构，表示"使成为……"。106. B in the case of 意为：就……来说，至于；in case of 意为：以防万一107. B who引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词angel in white"白衣天使"；而when引导的是时间状语从句，表示"当国家（民族）面临危机时。" 108. C 强调句，被强调部分是" how many elements"。109. D consider 后只能用动名词做直接宾语，排除AB；而后一空格用making构成现在分词短语作定语。110. D 111. B whoever引导主语从句，失去疑问含义，表示强调"无论谁；谁……谁就……"等于anyone who；而who引导名词性从句时，who保留疑问含义"谁"。112. B bed作为和（睡眠，病床）有关连的意义使用时通常不加冠词，但看作一件（家具）时就要加冠词。第一个bed指家具，前面要用冠词；而head for bed相当于go to bed，前面不用冠词。113. B 114. A 在57题中讲过。115. D 116. B 117. C 形容词作结果状语，等于They arrived there at last so that they were tired and hungry. 118. D 119. A 将句子还原成主动语态We should make use of time to learn our lessons well. 后，就不难看出" To learn……" 作目的状语。120. C can't too 加形容词表示"越……越好；……都不为过"。121. B 空格后the aged and the sick, 等于the old people and the sick people,所以but前应用表示"人"的不定代词。122. B 123. B 124. D 125. D 126. A 在have sb. do sth.结构中do sth.做宾语the serviceman的补足语，和serviceman构成了逻辑上的主语和谓语的关系，表示"叫某人做某事"。127. A over介词"比 (D)将光标移到文档的左边空白处，当变为一个空心箭头时，双击鼠标 5.把单词cta改成cat，再把teh改成the后，单击"撒消上一次"按钮会显示： (A)cta (B)cat (C)teh (D)the 6.下列操作中，执行不能在Word文档中插入图片。 (A)执行"插入"菜单中的"图片"命令 (D)使用剪切板粘贴其他文件的部分图形或全部图形 (C)使用"插入"菜单中的"文件"命令； (D)使用"插入"菜单中的"对象"命令 7.要改变文档中单词的字体，必须： (A)把插入点置于单词的首字符前，然后选择字体 (B)选择整个单词然后选择字体 (C)选择所要的字体然后选择单词 (D)选择所要的字体然后单击单词一次 8.Word把格式化分为等3类。 (A)字符、段落和句子格式化(B)字符、句子和页面格式化 (C)句子、页面格式和段落格式化(D)字符、段落和页面格式化 1．治疗叶酸缺乏性巨幼细胞性贫血，服用： A.维生素C B.维生素B1 C.维生素B6 D.维生素A E.维生素D 本题正确答案：A 题解：叶酸缺乏性巨幼细胞性贫血治疗：口服叶酸，每次5mg，每日3次，连续数周，直至血象恢复正常。同时，口服足量维生素C，能促进叶酸利用，以提高疗效。经2～4 日治疗后，精神症状好转，网织红细胞上升，6～7 日达高峰。 2．62岁小儿，曾多次患肺炎，不发绀，胸骨左缘第3～4肋间Ⅲ级粗糙全收缩期杂音。X 线检查左心室增大，肺动脉段突出，肺血管影增粗，主动脉影较小。应该诊断为 A.房间隔缺损 B.室间隔缺损 C.动脉导管未闭 D.法洛四联症 E.肺动脉瓣狭窄 本题正确答案：B 题解：室间隔小型缺损时心、肺X线检查无明显改变，或只有轻度左心室增大或肺充血。大型缺损心外形中度以上增大，肺动脉段明显突出，肺血管影增粗、搏动强烈。左右心室增大，左心房往往也增大，主动脉弓影小。 3．动脉导管未闭的X线检查表现，下列哪项是不可能的 A.左房左室扩大 B.肺动脉段突出 C.主动脉结缩小 D.肺动脉压增高时右室增大 E.可见肺门“舞蹈征” 本题正确答案：C 题解：动脉导管未闭心影正常或左心房、左心室增大、肺动脉段突出、肺野充血、肺门血管影增粗、搏动增强、可有肺门“舞蹈”。在肺动脉高压时，右心室亦增大，主动脉弓往往有所增大，此特征与房间隔缺损和室间隔缺损不同，有鉴别意义。 4．法洛四联症患儿哭闹时，突然发生昏厥、抽搐的原因是 A.哭闹耗氧量增加 B.右向左分流量增加 C.右室流出道肌肉痉挛，致脑缺氧 D.颅内出血 E.血液黏稠度增加，血流缓慢 本题正确答案：C 题解：法洛四联症的主要表现为青紫，其轻重和出现早晚与肺动脉狭窄程度有关，常在哭闹和活动后加重。严重者引起突然晕厥、抽搐，系因肺动脉漏斗部狭窄的基础上，突然发生该处肌肉痉挛，引起一时性肺动脉梗阻，使脑缺氧加重所致。 5．患儿10岁，2岁时诊断为先天性心脏病，半年前出现下半身青紫，诊断应为 A.房间隔缺损合并肺动脉高压 B.室间隔缺损合并肺动脉高压 高一政治参考答案与解析 一、选择题 1、【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：居民委员会是居民自我管理、自我教育、自我服务的基层群众性自治组织，不是我国的行政机关，故④项表述错误，不能入选；跳广场舞是公民的权利，但公民在享受权利的同时也应履行相应的义务，坚持权利与义务统一的原则，不能侵犯他人的合法权利，故③项符合题意，可以入选；解决居民跳广场舞扰民的问题，政府应搞好公共服务，为居民跳广场舞提供合适的场所，故①项符合题意，可以入选；少数服从多数的原则并不能从根本上解决这一矛盾，故②项不能入选。因此，答案是B项。 考点：本题考查政府的公共服务职能、公民权利与义务相统一的原则。 2、【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：民主与专政是对立统一的关系，要保障民主必须强化专政职能，故A项表述错误，不能入选；我国法律保护公民的政治权利和自由，公民必须依法行使公民的政治权利和自由，但不能表述为“受法律的限制”，故B项不能入选；遵守宪法和法律是公民应履行的义务，故C项表述错误，不能入选；D项表述正确且符合题意要求，故可以入选。因此，答案是D项。 考点：本题考查公民的权利与义务。 3、【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：本题材料“在社区有合法固定住所、居住满一年以上、符合选民资格条件的农民工，由本人提出申请，经社区选举委员会同意，可以参加本社区居民委员会的选举”，体现了公民参与民主管理，故B项符合题意，可以入选；本题材料并未涉及公民参与民主决策方面的问题，故C项不合题意，不能入选；公民参与国家管理的基本政治权利是由宪法和法律赋予的，故A项表述错误，不能入选；该规定与提高公民有序政治参与的能力无直接关系，故D项不能入选。因此，答案是D项。 考点：本题考查公民参与民主管理的相关知识。 4、【答案】A 【解析】 2014年《中级会计实务》真题 一、2014年中级会计实务真题剖析 （一）题目类型及分数 题目类型数量分数 单项选择题1515 多项选择题1020 判断题1010 计算分析题222 综合题233 分数合计100 （二）命题特点 1.注重基础知识 2.突出重点、有一定综合性 3.难易适中 （三）试题解析 ◇单项选择题（本类题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分。每小题备选答案中，只有一个符合题意的正确答案。请将选定的答案，按答题卡要求，用2B铅笔填涂答题卡中相应信息点，多选、错选、不选均不得分） 1.企业将收到的投资者以外币投入的资本折算为记账本位币时，应采用的折算汇率是（）。 A.投资合同约定的汇率 B.投资合同签订时的即期汇率 C.收到投资款时的即期汇率 D.收到投资款当月的平均汇率 【答案】C 【解析】企业收到投资者以外币投入的资本，无论是否有合同约定汇率，均不得采用合同约定汇率和即期汇率的近似汇率折算，而是采用交易日的即期汇率折算。 2.2013年12月1日，甲公司与乙公司签订了一项不可撤销的销售合同，约定甲公司于2014年1月12日以每吨2万元的价格（不含增值税）向乙公司销售K产品200吨。2013年12月31日，甲公司库存该产品300吨，单位成本为1.8万元，单位市场销售价格为1.5万元（不含增值税）。甲公司预计销售上述300吨库存产品将发生销售费用和其他相关税费25万元。不考虑其他因素，2013年12月31日，上述300吨库存产品的账面价值为（）万元。 A.425 B.525 C.540 D.550 【答案】无答案 【解析】有合同部分：200吨库存商品可变现净值=2×200-25×200/300=383.33（万元），其成本=1.8×200=360（万元），可变现净值大于成本，所以该部分库存商品未减值，期末按照成本计量； 无合同部分：100吨库存商品可变现净值=1.5×100-25×100/300=141.67（万元），其成本=1.8×100=180（万元），可变现净值小于成本，发生减值，期末该部分商品按照可变现净值计量。上述300吨库存产品的账面价值=1.8×200+141.67=501.67（万元）。 3.2013年12月31日，甲公司某项固定资产计提减值准备前的账面价值为1 000万元，公允价值为980万元，预计处置费用为80万元，预计未来现金流量的现值为1 050万元。2013年12月31日，甲公司应对该项固定资产计提的减值准备为（）万元。 A.0 B.20 C.50 D.100 【答案】A 【解析】该固定资产公允价值减去处置费用后的净额=980-80=900（万元），未来现金流量现值为1 050万元，可收回金额为两者中较高者，所以可收回金额为1 050万元，大于账面价值1 000万元，表明该固定资产未发生减值，不需计提减值准备。 1、给定资料3-6缉拿了我国传统节日被“淡化”和“异化”的诸多现象，请指出具体表现。（25分）要求：内容全面，观点明确，逻辑清晰，语言准确，不超过300字。 解析：单一式概括题 要求中出现逻辑清晰，需要对淡化和异化进行分类概括。 淡化主要是在材料三、四中，异化主要在材料五、六。 淡化：不少人特别是年轻人不知道节日文化的内涵，节日生活空荡荡，无事可做。对传统民俗遗忘，节日氛围缺失，节日以吃为主要基调，节日主要文化活动是看电视。 异化：传统节日变成了社交资源的主要契机，节日食品，节日传统式微，对文化符号和功能意义曲解或淡忘，对传统节日事象妄谈。 2、根据给定资料判断并分析下列观点的正误，并简要说明理由。（20分） 解析：综合分析题。此题只需要对两个观点判断对错，并进行分析即可。 第一个观点是错误的。原因：传统是被不断发明、生产和再生产出来的，现有的传统并非一成不变的。今天出现的文化现象，实际上也正在为促成向后延续的传统增加新的因素。在工业化和城市化面前，传统文化的不断创新，会使文化得到进一步传承、发展、弘扬。 第二个观点是正确的。在当前的文化语境下，不少人特别是年轻人不知道节日文化的内涵，节日生活空荡荡，无事可做，即使“申遗”成功，也不会引起人们对于传统节日文化的重 视。 3、某公益组织与策划一次名为“月满中秋”的公益活动，向全社会发出重视传统节日的文 化倡导。请你写出该倡议书的主要内容。（20分） 要求：目标清楚，内容具体，倡议具有可操作性，300字左右。 解析：此题题目要求中明确提出倡议具有可操作性，因此在作答中侧重倡议书内容，以对策为主。 倡议：1、保护传统文化。要珍爱中华民族的优良传统，在全球文化交融中更加自觉地运 用多种形式保护传统文化，传承传统文化。2、过好传统节日。配合国务院把传统节日纳入法定节日的举措，过好各具特色的民族节日，积极开展节庆文体娱乐活动。3、弘扬传统美德。以过好节日为载体，大力弘扬庄敬自强、孝老爱亲、家庭和睦、重诺守信等传统美德，弘扬爱国守法、明礼诚信、团结友善、勤俭自强、敬业奉献的公民基本道德规范。4、锻造民族精神。在新的形势下自觉发扬爱国主义精神、包容和谐的精神、扶助友爱的精神、刻苦耐劳的精神、革故鼎新的精神，增强民族自信心、自豪感。5、发展文化产业。依托传统节日资源，发展节庆用品生产、文化艺术展演、旅游观光等产业，促进传统文化现代化，推动优秀传统文化走出国门，走向世界。 4、南宋思想家朱熹曾说：自敬，则敬之；自慢，则人慢之。请你从给定的资料处罚，结 合实际，以“增强民族自信重建节日文化”为标题，写一篇文章谈谈自己的体会与思考。（35分）要求：主题正确，内容丰富，论证深入，语言流畅900-1100字。 解析：为命题式作文，标题为“增强民族自信重建节日文化”。因为题目内容偏正面，因 此适宜写政论文。题目中虽然谈的是重建节日文化，但是主旨还是谈的对于传统文化的传承。只要在文章中谈到对节日文化重建，对传统文化传承，均可。 答：当今社会，小到个人、企业，大到国家都开意识到文化的重要。曾几何时，中华文化有如一丝耀眼的曙光，照亮了人类文明的蛮荒大地，从此便一直站在人类文明发展的最前沿，引领着人类文化的进步和繁荣，形成了自信积极的文化自信心。然而自鸦片战争以降，在西方军事、科技、经济和文化猛烈冲击之下，中华文化逐渐丧失了自信心，不断地徘徊在盲目自大和妄自菲薄的怪圈里。 重建文化自信，不能靠吃老本，而必须依靠创新。我国有着五千年光辉灿烂的历史，也有着可与日月争辉、能同天地齐寿的文化成果，但不可否认的是，文化是不断发展、变化与革新 2018年全国硕士研究生招生考试思想政治理论试题 一、单项选择题：1～16小题，每小题1分，共16分。下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合试题要求。 1.马克思主义的产生具有深刻的社会根源、阶级基础和思想来源，其创始人马克思1818年5月5日出生在德国特利尔城的一个律师家庭，恩格斯1820年11月28日出生在德国巴门市的一个工厂主家庭，他们放弃了舒适安逸的生活，毅然选择了充满荆棘坎坷的革命道路，创立了科学社会主义。马克思、恩格斯之所以能够创立科学社会主义，主要是因为 A.德国是当时最为发达的资本主义国家 B.他们对时代有着超越常人的认知能力 C.社会历史条件和个人努力的相互作用 D.他们拥有优良的家庭背景和教育经历 【参考答案】C 【凯程分析】马克思、恩格斯创立科学社会主义，是有主客观条件决定的，其中，客观条件是资本主义经济的发展等社会历史条件，而主观条件则是他们个人的努力，包括他们的革命实践和对人类文明成果的继承与创新。C项是正确答案。ABD等选项不符合历史事实。 2.“马者之所以命形也;白者所以命色也。命色者非命形也，故曰白马非马。”从唯物辩证法的观点看，“白马非马”这一命题的错误在于 A.颠倒了事物形态和功能之间的关系 B.割裂了事物共性和个性之间的联系 C.混淆了事物内容和形式之间的区别 D.模糊了事物本质和现象之间的联系 【参考答案】B 【凯程分析】“白马非马”违背了事物的共性与个性的原理，“马”是所有马的共性的概括，而“白马”是白色的马这一个性的描述，是共性的“马”的具体表现。故B项是正确的。 3.坚持以人民为中心，就必须坚持人民主体地位，坚持立党为公，执政为民，践行全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨，把党的群众路线贯彻到治国理政全部活动之中，把人民对美好生活的向往作为奋斗目标。“坚持以人民为中心”的理论基础是唯物史观关于 A.总体的人在总体的历史过程中的主体地位的原理 B.人的本质是一切社会关系的总和的原理 C.人民群众的活动受到社会历史条件制约的原理 D.人民群众是历史的创造者的原理 【参考答案】D 【凯程分析】“坚持以人民为中心”的观点体现了“人民”的主体地位，人民群众是历史的创造者，所以我们要坚持以人民为中心。故D项是正确的。 4.资本论（德文版）第一卷与1867年9月在汉堡出版，其影响力历经150年风雨而不衰，至今对我们分析、理解现实经济问题依然具有很强的指导意义。马克思主义政治经济学的理论十分丰富，其中“理解政治经济学的枢纽”的理论是 A.剩余价值理论 2019全国研究生考试数学三真题及参考答案解析 一、选择题 1.（） 为同阶无穷小，则与时，若当=-→k x x x x k tan 0 A.0 B.1 C.2 D.3 2. 的取值范围为（）个不同的实根，则有已知k k x x 3055=+- A.()4-∞-, B.()∞+，4 C.]44[,- D. ），（44- 3. c ,b ,a ,x C C y ce by y a y x -x x 则的通解为已知e )e (21++==+'+''的值 为（ ） A.1,0,1 B.1,0,2 C.2,1,3 D.2,1,4 4.的是（）条件收敛，则下列正确绝对收敛，已知∑∑∞ =∞ =11n n n n n v nu A. 条件收敛n n n v u ∑∞=1 B.绝对收敛∑∞ =1n n n v u C. ）收敛（n n n v u +∑ ∞ =1 D.）发散（n n n v u +∑∞ =1 5个的基础解析有的伴随矩阵，且为阶矩阵，为已知204* =Ax A A A 线性无关的 解，则 ) ()(=* A r A.0 B.1 C.2 D.3 6.设A 是3阶实对称矩阵，E 是3阶单位矩阵.若E A A 22 =+，且4=A ，则二次型 Ax x T 的规范形为 A.232221y y y ++. B.232221y y y -+. C.232221y y y --. D.2 32221y y y ---. 7.设B A ,为随机事件，则)()(B P A P =的充分必要条件是 A.).()()(B P A P B A P +=Y B.).()()(B P A P AB P = C.).()(A B P B A P = D.).()(B A P AB P = 8.设随机变量X 与Y 相互独立，且都服从正态分布),(2 σμN ，则{} 1<-Y X P A.与μ无关，而与2σ有关. B.与μ有关，而与2σ无关. C.与2 ,σμ都有关. D.与2,σμ都无关. 二．填空题，9~14小题，每小题4分，共24分. 9. ()=???? ? ?+++?+?∞→n n n n 11321211lim Λ 10. 曲线?? ? ??-+=232 cos 2sin ππ ＜ ＜x x x y 的拐点坐标为 11. 已知()t t x f x d 11 4? += ，则()=?x x f x d 10 2 12. A, B 两种商品的价格为A p ,B p ,A 商品的价格需求函数为 2 22500B B A A p p p p +--,则当A p =10，B p =20时，A 商品的价格需求弹性AA η(0＞AA η)= 13. 设????? ??---=11011 11012a A ，??? ? ? ??=a b 10，若b Ax =有无穷多解，则a= 14 设随机变量X 的概率密度为?????<<=，其他， 02 0,2)(x x x f ） （x F 为X 的分布函数，X E 为X 的数学期望，则{}=->1X X F P E ） （ . 三、解答题 历年公务员考试试题及答案解析 20天行测83分申论81分（经验）? ? ? ? ? ??（适合：国家公务员，各省公务员，村官，事业单位，政法干警，警察，军转干，路转税，选调生，党政公选，法检等考 试） ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ??———知识改变命运，励志照亮人生 ???? 我是2010年10月15号报的国家公务员考试，报名之后，买了教材开始学习，在一位大学同学的指导下，大约20天时间，行测考了83.2分，申论81分，进入面试，笔试第二，面试第一，总分第二，成功录取。在这里我没有炫耀的意思，因为比我考的分数高的人还很多，远的不说，就我这单位上一起进来的，85分以上的，90分以上的都有。只是给大家一些信心，分享一下我的经验，我只是普通大学毕业，智商和大家都一样，关键是找对方法，事半功倍。 ????指导我的大学同学是2009年考上的，他的行测、申论、面试都过了80分，学习时间仅用了20多天而已。我也是因为看到他的成功， 才决定要考公务员的。“人脉就是实力”，这句话在我这位同学和我身上又一次得到验证，他父亲的一位朋友参加过国家公务员考试命题组，这位命题组的老师告诉他一些非常重要的建议和详细的指导，在这些建议的指导下，我同学和我仅仅准备了20天左右的时间，行测申论就都达到了80分以上。这些命题组的老师是最了解公务员考试机密的人，只是因为他们的特殊身份，都不方便出来写书或是做培训班。下面我会把这些建议分享给你，希望能够对你有所帮助。? ???? 在新员工见面会上，我又认识了23位和我同时考进来的其他职位的同事，他们的行测申论几乎都在80分以上，或是接近80分，我和他们做了详细的考试经验交流，得出了一些通用的备考方案和方法，因为只有通用的方法，才能适合于每一个人。? ???? 2010年国考成功录取后，为了进一步完善这套公务员考试方案，我又通过那位命题组的老师联系上了其他的5位参加过命题的老师和4位申论阅卷老师，进一点了解更加详细的出题机密和阅卷规则。因为申论是人工阅卷，这4位申论阅卷老师最了解申论阅卷的打分规则，他们把申论快速提高到75到80分的建议写在纸上，可能也就50页纸而已，但是，他们的建议比任何培训机构和书籍效果都好（我是说申论）。这一点我是深有体会并非常认同的。? 2016年423联考《申论》 真题解析及参考答案 粉笔题库版： 一、给定资料7提到了“社会创业”和“社会创业家”两个概念，请你根据给定资料指出：(1)“社会创业”的主要内涵;(2)“社会创业家”的主要特点(15分) 要求：(1)分析透彻、表达准确;(2)不超过200字。 参考答案： 社会创业源于为特定群体、社会创造更大价值；兼顾效率与公平，更强调公平；是创业的新型价值体系，更具有社会公益意义。 社会创业家特点：1.受过良好教育，承担社会责任，关注自然环境，拥有人文情怀，追求远景理想，不以盈利为导向。2.以创新的商业模式拓展可持续增长路径。 3.兼顾效率与公平，更强调公平。通过商业行为、商业链条架构提升弱势群体的地位。 4.对产品、服务或项目设置更多禁区。追求更有颠覆性的产品和思路。 二、假定你是有关部门的一名工作人员，准备将“比逗咖啡馆”的创业经验向广大学生进行推介。请根据给定资料4-6，归纳总结“比逗咖啡馆”的主要成功经验。(20分) 要求：内容准确全面，总结有深度、有条理。字数不超过300字。 参考答案： “比逗咖啡馆”等成功主要归功于众筹方式与大力创新。 1.创新合作方式：及时发现市场需求，推广个性化定制，互联网寻找合作伙伴，降低股东投资门槛，投资者优势资源互补。 2.创新交流方式：让消费者变成投资者、生产者、传播者，以需求导向寻找股东，将外部交易变成内部合作，重视裂变和衍生合作。跨界与组合的合作方式要相互信任与背书，工作轻松，不断创新。 3.创新管理方式：敢想敢干，重视创意的可行性，调查了解市场，目标明确，科学选址，创新宣传方式，集中决策权于核心团队手中，制定原则保证顺利合作，设置股权流转计划，利用地域优势，主题定位明确，举办多样的线下活动获取资源，加强交流，提高活跃度。 三、假如你是某大学就业指导中心的工作人员，受邀为即将毕业的大学生做一次关于“创业”的专题报告，请你结合给定资料3，为其草拟一份讲话稿。(20分) 要求：(1)写出主要内容即可，不需要成文;(2)观点明确，建议可行，语言简洁，有逻辑性;(3)不超过300字。 参考答案： 创业维艰勇敢前行儿科学试题及答案解析
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