雅思基础阅读 (1)
Birthday traditions in different countries
Birthdays are celebrated all over the world. Some traditions are fairly similar from country to country: candles, cakes and birthday wishes, birthday games and pinches for good luck. Other customs are quite different. Here are a few.
Argentina–In Argentina, as in many Latin American countries, one of the most important birthday parties is a girl’s fifteenth. When girls turn 15, they have a huge party and dance the waltz first with their father, and then the boys at the party.
China– The birthday child pays respect to the parents and receives a gift of money. Friends and relatives are invited to lunch, and noodles are served to wish the birthday child a long life. Denmark– A flag is flown outside a window to show that someone who lives in that house is having a birthday. Presents are placed around the child’s bed while they are sleeping so they will see them immediately when they wake up.
The Netherlands– Special year birthdays such as 5, 10, 15, 20, 21 are called “crown” years and the birthday child receives an especially large gift. The family also decorates the birthday child’s chair with flowers or paper streamers, paper flowers and balloons.
India – Usually Indian children wear white to school. However, on their birthday children wear coloured clothes to school and give out chocolates to everyone in the class. Their best friend helps them to do this.
Japan– The birthday child wears new clothes to mark the occasion. Certain birthdays are more important than others and these are celebrated with a visit to the local shrine. These are the third and seventh birthdays for girls and the fifth for boys.
Questions 1-5
Match the countries in the box with their descriptions.
1 A country where longevity is celebrated by a special dish ________
2 A country where candies are distributed among peers ________
3 A country where the birthday is made known to the community ________
4 A country where the household is full of birthday ornaments ________
5 A country where religious worship is sometimes involved ________
The American Revolution was not a revolution in the sense of a radical or total change. It was not a sudden and violent overturning of the political and social framework, such as later occurred in France and Russia, when both were already independent nations. Significant changes were ushered in, but they were not breathtaking. What happened was accelerate evolution rather than outright revolution. During the conflict itself people went on working and praying, marrying and playing. Most of them were not seriously disturbed by the actual fighting, and many of the more isolated communities scarcely knew that a war was on.
America’s War of Independence heralded the birth o f three modern nations. One was Canada, which received its first large influx of English-speaking population from the thousands of loyalists who fled there from the United States. Another was Australia, which became a penal colony now that America was no longer available for prisoners and debtors. The third newcomer – the United States – based itself squarely on republican principles.
Yet even the political overturn was not so revolutionary as one might suppose. In some states, notably Connecticut and Rhode Island, the war largely ratified a colonial self-rule already existing. British officials, everywhere ousted, were replaced by a home-grown governing class, which promptly sought a local substitute for king and Parliament.
Questions 6-10
6. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A The United States: An Isolated Community
B Breathtaking Events During the American Revolution
C Canada and the American War of Independence
D The American Revolution: Evolution Not Revolution
7. In the first paragraph, what does the author suggest about the French and Russian Revolutions?
A They were explosive and abrupt.
B They were ineffective.
C They involved only those people living in urban areas.
D They led to the release of all political prisoners.
8. In line 5, what does the author mean by “people went on working and praying, marrying and
praying”?
A More people got married than divorced.
B The war created new jobs.
C Life went on as usual.
D People had more than enough leisure time.
9. In the second paragraph, the author states that the colonies’ struggle for self-government preceded the creation of all of the following countries EXCEPT
A Canada
B The United States
C Australia
D The United Kingdom
10. It can be inferred from the passage that the loyalists who escaped to Canada were
A Russian
B French
C British
D Australian
Reading Passage 3
Puffery in Advertising
A “Our coffee is loved by millions worldwide.” Do you often see this kind of advertising in your country? Statements like these, that no-one can prove, are called puffery This is a term that has been developed for exaggerated claims that are made in advertising. Puffery is legal, even though such claims cannot be proved. In fact, puffery has been termed “a licence to lie”, as it is vague enough to be classed as opinion, an expression of the salesperson's evaluation of the product, rather than an objective statement.
B Using puffery to raise awareness of products and to generate increased sales is a common advertising strategy. Goods and services are described in terms of superlatives, subjective opinions and exaggerations; various kinds of general claims are made, with no specific facts. So, why do some people worry about puffery? One of the concerns is whether consumers are misled by false advertising. Legal guidelines and government controls are required to prevent dishonest
advertising. Companies understandably object to untruthful ads which give a competitor an unfair advantage in the market. These claims can be tested in the courts, and the decisions that are made help to make the boundary between acceptable puffery and illegal advertising.
C Puffery is nothing new. It has been identified in documents dating from as long ago as the sixteenth century, when the notion of “caveat emptor” or “let the buyer beware” developed in business transactions. Although this initially applied to property deals, it came to be used more generally. This Latin term basically meant that anyone buying a product had a responsibility to check it carefully before payment. The seller did not need to take responsibility for defects (unless a problem had been deliberately concealed). In those days, of course, there was no notion of consumer rights or returns policies.
D These days, however, if a comp any claims to sell the country's “best-loved” or “favourite” product, whether a brand of coffee or a make of car, this is held to be puffery, rather than an objective claim of market share. Similarly, the company does not have to produce proof that this cl aim is actually backed up by numbers or facts. In other words, claims such as “the world's best cup of coffee” are impossible to prove. They are also so exaggerated that it is expected that any consumer will understand how subjective they are. In effect, the company in question is said to be “boasting” rather than making objective claims. The claims are therefore not considered to be deceptive. In fact, puffery is often considered to add to the entertainment value of advertisements, especially television commercials.
E On the other hand, a company that states their product is the “safest” or “cheapest” needs to show proof, because these claims can directly affect their competitors. Statements that are objective need to be backed up by proof or statistics, as consumer rights organisations can run tests to compare products such as washing machines and vacuum cleaners. They also investigate companies involved in insurance, finance, property, credit cards and other such services. Companies and salespeople should therefore be very careful when making factual statements about a product, or assertions regarding the quality of goods and services. In most developed countries, there is likely to be an official organisation which oversees the validity of advertising claims. In addition, there may be a government council with the authority to take legal action against companies that overstep the limit.
F A primary function of advertising is to create product awareness. As consumers, we need to
know about competing products, so we can make informed decisions on which one to buy. While it is important that advertisers are monitored to ensure they do not mislead consumers, it can be argued that puffery is a good technique for raising awareness of new products that otherwise would go unnoticed in a crowded market. As long as there are effective ways of monitoring the claims of advertisers, to prevent deliberate deception in terms of safety or particular aspects of performance, it seems that most puffery is relatively harmless. Rather, it should be seen as an integral part of advertising, which most consumers can detect and laugh at rather than being misled.
Questions 11-16
The reading passage has six paragraphs, A-E Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below. Write the correct number, i-vii, next to the appropriate paragraph. There are more headings than paragraphs.
11) Paragraph A
12) Paragraph B
13) Paragraph C
14) Paragraph D
15) Paragraph E
16) Paragraph F
Questions 17- 23
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? Write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
17.______ Some people argue against puffery because buyers might believe everything in
advertising.
18.______ A court case is a way of determining whether advertising is deceptive or not.
19.______ Puffery dates from the days of television commercials.
20.______ ‘Caveat emptor' means that the seller has a responsibility for any problems with
the item sold
21.______ ‘The world's best coffee' is an example of puffery
22.______ ‘The world's safest chainsaw' is an example of puffery.
23.______ People should carefully check prices before they buy goods.
Questions 24-30
Short Answers
Answer the questions below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the reading passage for each answer
24.In addition to legal guidelines, what else is necessary to stop companies from using
deceptive advertising? __________________
25.When was puffery first used? __________________
26.What does the writer say about claims such as ‘the world's best'? __________________.
27.What does puffery contribute to television commercials? __________________
28.What should objective statements be supported by? __________________
29.What is the main purpose of advertising? To __________________
30.Consumers need information on competing products to make……? ________________
雅思阅读基础班教案step3'
雅思阅读基础班教案step3 教学目标： 1.了解判断题的注意事项； 2.熟悉判断题的出题原理并熟练典型题目； 3.了解段落题的注意事项； 4.掌握解题方法并熟练典型题目。 教学步骤： 1.了解判断题的注意事项：这里讲的是一些普遍规律。 2.熟悉出题原理：中国学生最熟悉的判断题的形式是“正/误”判断，而雅思中 加入了“未提及”，这让很多同学会产生混淆，所以需要仔细研读出题原理和判断准则。 3.熟练典型题目：判断题往往跟原文的细节和题目的提问方式紧密相连。考生 需要认真学习典型题目，确保在实际考试中发挥作用。 4.了解段落题的注意事项：很多经验之谈不可忽视。 5.掌握解题方法：学练结合。 6.熟练典型题目：从理解到实战是有距离的，所以要认真领悟，通过例题去印 证。 教学过程： I.是非判断题命题规律与解题要诀 雅思考试中的判断题有两种书写形式： TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN和YES/NO/NOT GIVEN 对考生而言，这两种书写形式其实是一种题目，在做题方法上没有任何区别。 概率：真实考试40个题目中平均12个题，多分布于两篇文章中。 难度：★★★★☆ 该题型主要考查句子理解，出题概率最高，是剑桥雅思特色题型。中国大学英语四级考试阅读中已经引进了该题型，考生易混淆FALSE(NO) 和NOT GIVEN。判断实不难，真假未提及 答案概率 有学生问：“我基础差，上了考场时间不够，题也读不懂，全靠蒙。有人说句子长的蒙TRUE;句子短的蒙FALSE;不长不短NOT GIVEN。对吗？”不会吧，我数数。 有学生说：“实在没戏，全写TRUE, 全TRUE法。”有点道理，但太极端，全TRUE法上不了5分的，没有实际意义。 让我们一起来看看《剑桥雅思》真题系列的答案统计表，找出答案概率的规律。
雅思基础阅读 (1)
Birthday traditions in different countries Birthdays are celebrated all over the world. Some traditions are fairly similar from country to country: candles, cakes and birthday wishes, birthday games and pinches for good luck. Other customs are quite different. Here are a few. Argentina–In Argentina, as in many Latin American countries, one of the most important birthday parties is a girl’s fifteenth. When girls turn 15, they have a huge party and dance the waltz first with their father, and then the boys at the party. China– The birthday child pays respect to the parents and receives a gift of money. Friends and relatives are invited to lunch, and noodles are served to wish the birthday child a long life. Denmark– A flag is flown outside a window to show that someone who lives in that house is having a birthday. Presents are placed around the child’s bed while they are sleeping so they will see them immediately when they wake up. The Netherlands– Special year birthdays such as 5, 10, 15, 20, 21 are called “crown” years and the birthday child receives an especially large gift. The family also decorates the birthday child’s chair with flowers or paper streamers, paper flowers and balloons. India – Usually Indian children wear white to school. However, on their birthday children wear coloured clothes to school and give out chocolates to everyone in the class. Their best friend helps them to do this. Japan– The birthday child wears new clothes to mark the occasion. Certain birthdays are more important than others and these are celebrated with a visit to the local shrine. These are the third and seventh birthdays for girls and the fifth for boys. Questions 1-5 Match the countries in the box with their descriptions. 1 A country where longevity is celebrated by a special dish ________ 2 A country where candies are distributed among peers ________ 3 A country where the birthday is made known to the community ________ 4 A country where the household is full of birthday ornaments ________ 5 A country where religious worship is sometimes involved ________
1雅思基础阅读课件
Reading handout for lesson 1 Part 1 Part 1.1 :Vocabulary Chess Basketball Board games Sports Swimming Tennis Cards Dancing Weightlifting Skiing Yoga Shopping Exercise Having fun PartyingKarate Poker Puzzles Kick boxing Hiking Sharing Chatting Part 1.2: Practice3
Part 2：Reading 1.Read the following text and then look at the questions on the next page. The value of friendship Recent research into the world of teenagers has suggested that they value friendship above everything else. Children aged between 12 and 15 were asked what was important to them. Their answers included possessions such as money and computer gadgets but also relationships with people. The teenagers questioned said that friends were the most important to them, more even than family, or boyfriends and girlfriends. We wanted to find out more about the results of this research so we asked our readers what they thought about the value of friendship. Here are some examples of what they said about their friends: Ben, 15: Every time I have a fight with my parents, I need some time on my own. But after that, the first thing I do is meet up with my friends. After playing football for a while, or skateboarding, I usually feel much happier again. Rory, 13: When I moved to a village in the countryside, I thought that it would be the end of my friendships. But my old friends have kept in touch and they come and visit in the holidays. There's a lake nearby, so we often go sailing, water-skiing or windsurfing. And I have made some new friends here too, at school, and since I joined the rugby club. Carlos, 11: Last year, I broke my arm on a skiing holiday. Unfortunately, it was my left arm and I am lefthanded. My school friends all helped and copied their notes for me. It seems that our readers value their friendships very highly. From what they told us, they spend a lot of time with their friends, just hanging out, or sharing hobbies and interests. They seem to need their friends for advice, help, chats, and for having fun. Clearly, friends make each other feel better. Looking at what our readers told us, the results of the recent research are not really surprising. 2.Try to answer this question yourself first, before reading the explanation. Choose the best answer from the letters a-d. To teenagers, money is ... a)not important. b)as important as computer gadgets. c)as important as relationships with people. d)less important than friendships. 3.Look at the questions in Exercise 4, without reading the answer options. Underline the question words (e.g. where, when, what) and the key words in each of the questions (1-3) and sentence stems (4-5). 4.Now answer these multiple-choice questions. Choose the appropriate letter a, b, c or d. i.Why are Ben, Rory and Carlos mentioned in the article? A.They know why teenagers value friendship. B.They gave information about themselves. C.They read magazines, D.They are teenage boys.
雅思阅读基础班材料
第三章 一基础句型 （1）S+V Nobody went out. The children are playing. (2) S+V+O We love our country. Granny looks after the baby carefully. They put up a new hospital. He dreamed a horrible dream last night. (3) S+V+O+O He gave his sister the piano. He bought his wife a fur coat. The old man gave a story book to the boy. (4) S+V+O+C I found the book easy. They held him hostage. I heard him singing. (5) S+L+P Trees are green. The milk tastes sour. She became a lawyer. 感观动词：seem，appear，look，taste，smell ，sound ，feel 变化过程动词：become，get，grow，turn，go，come ，fall 保持状态动词：be，stay，remain，keep，continue，stand 二句子成分 主语谓语宾语定语状语补语表语同位语 Samuel Pepys , the famous writer of the test，was most sorry for the fact that many famous buildings were destroyed. 同位语从句 独立成分：与句子的其他成分没有语法上的联系 如：感叹语呼语插入语 Hi , Tracy, you look tired. What’s more, their parents allow them to stay out. As a result, it became a success in the US. 三动名词：含义 （1）做主语：According to the writer of the test, imaging the future will serve the interests of the present and future generations. It’s no use buying a lot of books without reading them. (2) 做表语：His job is teaching physics. Seeing is believing. (3) 做宾语：Our monitor suggested having a discussion of this subject. We are looking forward to visiting your country. (4)做定语：There is a swimming pool at the back of the garden 四分词：动词的另一种形式，是谓语动词
雅思阅读基础班教案step1'‘
雅思阅读基础班教案step1 教学目标： 1.了解雅思阅读； 2.了解雅思阅读真经总纲； 3.找到顺序感，学会定位词，并掌握正确的阅读方法。 教学步骤： 1.大致了解雅思阅读； 2.快速看总纲； 3.学习两种常见的出题顺序及其阅读方法； 4.学习如何快速在原文中定位题目信息； 5.总结并强调真经阅读法。 教学过程： I.关于雅思阅读 1.雅思阅读的特点 雅思阅读考试与其他考试相比特点突出：阅读量大（2700单词左右），时间短（60分钟），但是文章中有的自然段不出题（无效信息不用读）。雅思阅读有两种：General Training和Academic Training, 试卷不同。 A类与G类内容相同之处在于A类除生活化范畴之外，加入考生在学业上、学术上的探讨与了解，而G类较着重于社会上的、语言的、工作训练等的主题。 Academic training类与General training类的考题都以"三大段"的文章为基本结构,大约1500-3000字之间,内容多样,甚至有时以图表、表格的方式出现,学生答题的方式亦有多种答题形式,每篇文章后约有13道题目，共约38-42题。 注意：阅读部分的主题并不是为了考察学生对学术的专业度或认知度，所以学生千万别因对主题的陌生而紧张起来。 雅思官方网站称雅思阅读是“Reading with Purpose” ,就是“有目的的阅读”。这个purpose其实就是解题，就是带着题目中的定位词阅读。所以雅思阅读就是“以解题为目的的阅读”，一定要先读题。从这个意义上讲，“雅思阅读就是不读文章，直接做题”。 2. 雅思阅读题型介绍 雅思阅读题型汇总 1 Matching题型从属关系搭配或对应 2 Summary题型摘要填空 3 Short answer questions题型简答题 4 True/False/Not Given题型是非题 5 Headings题型找小标题 6 Multiple choice题型选择题
2雅思基础阅读课件.doc
Club Racket Bat Board Golf Netball Tennis Angry Annoyed Anxious Cricket Badminton Ashamed Water polo windsurfing Swimming Afraid Bored calm Basketball Amazed surprise ??? disappoint frighte n excite embarrass depress amaze tire satisfy amuse annoy relax Reading handout for lesson 2 Part 1 Part LI : Vocabulary Part L2: The words below describe feelings. Are they positive or negative feelings? Copy and write thewords in the right categories. Use a dictionary if necessary. afraid amazed amused angry annoyed curious delighted depressed disappointed guilty happy jealous miserable nervous anxious ashamed bored calm confident embarrassed excited frightened glad relaxed sad terrible tired wonderful Pleasant / Positive feelings Unpleasant / Negative feelings Part L3:Complete the sentences using words ending in -ed or -ing> Use a form of the verbs in the box and try to make the sentences true for you. You can use the verbs more than once. 1.In the evening I feel more ...................................... t han in the morning. 2.I usually find black and white film s .......................................... 3.I have never found any of my exam results........................................... 4.Classical music makes me feel ......................................... 5.There are still a lot of poor people in the world, which is .......................... 6.I don't have any .................................... h obbies- 7.I think animals are ....................................... 8.I don't get easily ...................................... Part 2： Reading Practice
复习雅思阅读的注意事项
雅思阅读主要是先按各种题型讲解题方法。雅思的阅读可以大致分成4类： 1。overview questions：List of headings 2。viewpoint questions: T/F/NG 3。summarizing questions: summary 4。specific questions: multiple choice; short answer; sentence completion; flow chart; table completion; matching 以上按顺序难度递减。 每种题型都有其解题的方法步骤以及注意事项，这是没有接触过雅思阅读的学生必须学的(不论程度怎样!!!)。因为在雅思阅读中不仅要做得对，更要做得快，如果不熟悉题型，很可能来不及做或掉入题目的陷阱中!!! 至于每种题型的方法这里就不详细说了，大家可以收集市面上的资源。但有一点值得注意： 在选购了自己觉得不错的书后(一定要是讲方法的)，可以学习书中的方法并分析书中所提供的试题，因为阅读不是会了方法就一定能做对的，必须要通过练习来感悟，学以致用!!! 那么有人会问，哪些试题比较权威呢?! 这个问题太简单了。在学习了讲题方法后，买本剑3，学一个题型后就到剑3中把这种题型都做一遍(即把剑3当作单项训练)，在掌握各种题型的解题方法后(剑3的题目也练完了)，买本剑4，把剑4当作实际考试来做，从中再积累点综合解题的心得。 总结一下：先学解题方法并通过剑3巩固，再做剑4进一步训练综合解题的能力，这样是最有效的也是最捷径的了。 有的学生又要问，自己怎么自学呢?! 市面上有剑3和剑4试题的详解还附有文章的译文和重点单词，所以大家大可以自学。 对于已经同大学英语四级或具有同等水平的学生来说，直接学解题方法并通过剑3剑4的试题训练就可以达到一个不错的分数。如果是想拿高分的(7分以上)，那么在做剑3、4的同时，可以把里面的文章精读，扩大词汇量，把文章多读几遍，读透，提高综合的阅读能力。两本书G类试题不算的话，有24篇长文章，若能坚持读完那么综合的阅读能力一定能提高!!! 对于尚未达到大学英语四级水平的学生，建议先不要做剑3、4。我建议可以买些其他的难度稍低的阅读书来提高一定的阅读量提高一下英语基础。这一步是为了打基础，所以大
雅思基础阅读练习
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