《测绘程序设计(https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0d17226532.html,)》
上机实验报告
(Visual C++.Net)
班级:测绘0901班
学号:0405090204
姓名:代娅琴
2012年4月29日
实验八平差程序设计基础
一、实验目的
?巩固过程的定义与调用
?巩固类的创建与使用
?巩固间接平差模型及平差计算
?掌握平差程序设计的基本技巧与步骤
二、实验内容
水准网平差程序设计。设计一个水准网平差的程序,要求数据从文件中读取,计算部分与界面无关。
1.水准网间接平差模型:
2.计算示例:
近似高程计算:
3.水准网平差计算一般步骤
(1)读取观测数据和已知数据;
(2)计算未知点高程近似值;
(3)列高差观测值误差方程;
(4)根据水准路线长度计算高差观测值的权;
(5)组成法方程;
(6)解法方程,求得未知点高程改正数及平差后高程值;
(7)求高差观测值残差及平差后高差观测值;
(8)精度评定;
(9)输出平差结果。
4.水准网高程近似值计算算法
5.输入数据格式示例
实验代码:
#pragma once
class LevelControlPoint
{
public:
LevelControlPoint(void);
~LevelControlPoint(void);
public:
CString strName;//点名
CString strID;//点号
float H;
bool flag;//标记是否已经计算出近似高程值,若计算出则为,否则为};
class CDhObs
{
public:
CDhObs(void);
~CDhObs(void);
public:
LevelControlPoint* cpBackObj;//后视点
LevelControlPoint* cpFrontObj;//前视点
double ObsValue;//高差值
double Dist;//测站的距离
};
#include"StdAfx.h"
#include"LevelControlPoint.h"
LevelControlPoint::LevelControlPoint(void)
{
strName=_T("");
strID=_T("");
H=0;
flag=0;
}
LevelControlPoint::~LevelControlPoint(void)
{
}
CDhObs::CDhObs(void)
{
}
CDhObs::~CDhObs(void)
{
}
#pragma once
#include"LevelControlPoint.h"
#include"Matrix.h"
class AdjustLevel
{
public:
AdjustLevel(void);
~AdjustLevel(void);
public:
LevelControlPoint* m_pKnownPoint;//已知点数组
int m_iKnownPointCount;//已知点个数
LevelControlPoint* m_pUnknownPoint;//未知点数组
int m_iUnknownPointCount;//未知点个数
CDhObs* m_pDhObs;//高差观测值数组
int m_iDhObsCount;//高差观测值个数
public:
void SetKnownPointSize(int size);//创建大小为size的已知点数组
void SetUnkonwnPointSize(int size);//创建大小为size的未知点数组void SetDhObsSize(int size);//创建大小为size的观测值数组
bool LoadObsData(const CString& strFile);//读入观测文件
CString* SplitString(CString str, char split, int& iSubStrs);
void ApproHeignt(void);//计算近似值
private:
LevelControlPoint* SearchKnownPointUsingID(CString ID);
LevelControlPoint* SearchUnknownPointUsingID(CString ID);
LevelControlPoint* SearchPointUsingID(CString ID);
CMatrix LevleWeight(void);//计算权矩阵
public:
void FormErrorEquation(CMatrix &B, CMatrix &L);//组成误差方程
void EquationCompute(CMatrix &x);//计算法方程
void Accuracy_Assessment(double &r0,CMatrix &Qxx);//精度评定void CompAdjust(double &r0,CMatrix Qx[]);
};
#include"StdAfx.h"
#include"AdjustLevel.h"
#include
#include"LevelControlPoint.h"
#include"math.h"
AdjustLevel::AdjustLevel(void)
{
m_pKnownPoint=NULL;//已知点数组
m_iKnownPointCount=0;//已知点个数
m_pUnknownPoint=NULL;//未知点数组
m_iUnknownPointCount=0;//未知点个数
m_pDhObs=NULL;//高差观测值数组
m_iDhObsCount=0;//高差观测值个数
}
AdjustLevel::~AdjustLevel(void)
{
if(m_pKnownPoint!=NULL)
{
delete[] m_pKnownPoint;
m_pKnownPoint=NULL;
}
if(m_pUnknownPoint!=NULL)
{
delete[] m_pUnknownPoint;
m_pUnknownPoint=NULL;
}
if(m_pDhObs!=NULL)
{
delete[] m_pDhObs;
m_pDhObs=NULL;
}
}
void AdjustLevel::SetKnownPointSize(int size)
{
m_pKnownPoint=new LevelControlPoint[size];//创建动态指针
m_iKnownPointCount=size;
}
void AdjustLevel::SetUnkonwnPointSize(int size)
{
m_pUnknownPoint=new LevelControlPoint[size];
m_iUnknownPointCount=size;
}
void AdjustLevel::SetDhObsSize(int size)
{
m_pDhObs=new CDhObs[size];
m_iDhObsCount=size;//高差观测值个数
}
bool AdjustLevel::LoadObsData(const CString& strFile)
{
CStdioFile sf;
if(!sf.Open(strFile,CFile::modeRead)) return false;//创建并打开文件对象
CString strLine;
bool bEOF=sf.ReadString(strLine);//读取第一行,即已知点的数目
SetKnownPointSize(_ttoi(strLine));//根据已知点的数目,创建已知点数组;
int n=0;
for(int i=0;i { sf.ReadString(strLine); CString *pstrData=SplitString(strLine,',',n); m_pKnownPoint[i].strName=pstrData[0]; m_pKnownPoint[i].strID=pstrData[0]; m_pKnownPoint[i].H=_tstof(pstrData[1]); m_pKnownPoint[i].flag=1;//已知点不用平差,故将其的flag设置为 delete[] pstrData; pstrData=NULL; } sf.ReadString(strLine);//读取未知点的个数 SetUnkonwnPointSize(_ttoi(strLine));//根据未知点的个数创建未知点数组 sf.ReadString(strLine);//读取未知点的点名 CString *pstrData=SplitString(strLine,',',n); for(int i=0;i m_pUnknownPoint[i].strName=pstrData[i]; m_pUnknownPoint[i].strID=pstrData[i]; m_pUnknownPoint[i].H=0;//未知点的高程值设置为 m_pUnknownPoint[i].flag=0;//还没有求得近似高程,故其flag设置为} if(pstrData!=NULL) { delete[] pstrData; pstrData=NULL; } sf.ReadString(strLine);//读取观测值的个数 SetDhObsSize(_ttoi(strLine));//按照观测值的大小,创建观测值数组 for(int i=0;i sf.ReadString(strLine); CString *pstrData=SplitString(strLine,',',n); m_pDhObs[i].cpBackObj=SearchPointUsingID(pstrData[0]);//后视点 m_pDhObs[i].cpFrontObj=SearchPointUsingID(pstrData[1]);//前视点 m_pDhObs[i].HObsValue=_tstof(pstrData[2]);//高差观测值 m_pDhObs[i].Dist=_tstof(pstrData[3]);//距离观测值 delete[] pstrData; pstrData=NULL; } sf.Close(); return 1; } CString* AdjustLevel::SplitString(CString str, char split, int& iSubStrs) { int iPos = 0; //分割符位置 int iNums = 0; //分割符的总数 CString strTemp = str; CString strRight; //先计算子字符串的数量 while (iPos != -1) { iPos = strTemp.Find(split); if (iPos == -1) { break; } strRight = strTemp.Mid(iPos + 1, str.GetLength()); strTemp = strRight; iNums++; } if (iNums == 0) //没有找到分割符 { //子字符串数就是字符串本身 iSubStrs = 1; return NULL; } //子字符串数组 iSubStrs = iNums + 1; //子串的数量= 分割符数量+ 1 CString* pStrSplit; pStrSplit = new CString[iSubStrs]; strTemp = str; CString strLeft; for (int i = 0; i < iNums; i++) { iPos = strTemp.Find(split); //左子串 strLeft = strTemp.Left(iPos); //右子串 strRight = strTemp.Mid(iPos + 1, strTemp.GetLength()); strTemp = strRight; pStrSplit[i] = strLeft; } pStrSplit[iNums] = strTemp; return pStrSplit; } // LevelControlPoint* AdjustLevel::SearchKnownPointUsingID(CString ID) { for(int i=0;i { if(m_pKnownPoint[i].strID==ID) {return &m_pKnownPoint[i];} } return NULL; } // LevelControlPoint* AdjustLevel::SearchUnknownPointUsingID(CString ID) { for(int i=0;i { if(m_pUnknownPoint[i].strID==ID) {return &m_pUnknownPoint[i];} } return NULL; } LevelControlPoint* AdjustLevel::SearchPointUsingID(CString ID) { LevelControlPoint* cp; cp=SearchKnownPointUsingID(ID); if(cp==NULL) cp=SearchUnknownPointUsingID(ID); return cp; } void AdjustLevel::ApproHeignt(void)//用于计算高程近似值的函数 { for(int i=0;i { if(m_pUnknownPoint[i].flag!=1) { //先在未知点作为观测值的前视点的情况 for(int j=0;j {//如果观测值的前视点是未知点且其后视点已经有高程值 if((m_pDhObs[j].cpFrontObj->strID==m_pUnknownPoint[i].strID) && m_pDhObs[j].cpBackObj->flag==1 ) { //前视点=后视点-高差 /*m_pUnknownPoint[i].H=m_pDhObs[i].cpBackObj->H - m_pDhObs[i].ObsValue;*/ m_pUnknownPoint[i].H=m_pDhObs[j].cpBackObj->H + m_pDhObs[j].HObsValue; m_pUnknownPoint[i].flag=1; break; } } if(m_pUnknownPoint[i].flag!=1)//如果经过上一步骤未知点仍没有计算出近似值 { for(int j=0;j {//如果观测值的后视点是未知点且其前视点已经有高程值 if((m_pDhObs[j].cpBackObj->strID==m_pUnknownPoint[i].strID) && m_pDhObs[j].cpFrontObj->flag==1 ) { //后视点=前视点+高差 m_pUnknownPoint[i].H=m_pDhObs[j].cpFrontObj->H-m_pDhObs[j].HObsValue; /* m_pUnknownPoint[i].H=m_pDhObs[i].cpFrontObj->H+m_pDhObs[i].ObsValue;*/ m_pUnknownPoint[i].flag=1; break; } } } } if(i==m_iUnknownPointCount-1)//如果已经计算到最后一个未知点 { for(int a=0;a { if(m_pUnknownPoint[i].flag!=1)//只要有一个未知点的近似高程直没有计算 { //则要重新进行上面的步骤直到所有的未知点的近似高程值都计算出 i=-1; break; } } } } } CMatrix AdjustLevel::LevleWeight(void) { CMatrix p(m_iDhObsCount,m_iDhObsCount); p.Unit(); double value; for(int i=0;i { value=(1.0/m_pDhObs[i].Dist); p(i,i)=value; } return p; } void AdjustLevel::FormErrorEquation(CMatrix &B, CMatrix &L) { B.SetSize(m_iDhObsCount,m_iUnknownPointCount); L.SetSize(m_iDhObsCount,1); for(int i=0;i { LevelControlPoint *tmpBack=NULL,*tmpFront=NULL; tmpBack=SearchPointUsingID(m_pDhObs[i].cpBackObj->strID); tmpFront=SearchPointUsingID(m_pDhObs[i].cpFrontObj->strID); //找到与第i个观测值有关的未知点 tmpBack->strID; for(int j=0;j { if(m_pUnknownPoint[j].strID==tmpBack->strID)//如果是后视点则前面的系数为-1 { B(i,j)=-1;continue; } if(m_pUnknownPoint[j].strID==tmpFront->strID)//如果是前视点则前面的系数为 { B(i,j)=1; } } } //建立L矩阵 CString tmp; for(int i=0;i { //l=高差观测值-(后视近似值-前视近似值) /*L(i,0)=m_pDhObs[i].ObsValue-(m_pDhObs[i].cpBackObj->H-m_pDhObs[i].cpFrontObj->H);*/ L(i,0)=m_pDhObs[i].HObsValue-(m_pDhObs[i].cpFrontObj->H - m_pDhObs[i].cpBackObj->H); tmp.Format(_T("%.3f"),L(i,0)); L(i,0)=_tstof(tmp); L(i,0)=L(i,0)*1000;//将单位化为mm } } void AdjustLevel::EquationCompute(CMatrix &x)//计算法方程 { CMatrix P,B,l; P=LevleWeight(); //P为权矩阵 FormErrorEquation(B,l); ApproHeignt(); CMatrix BT(m_iUnknownPointCount,m_iDhObsCount); BT=~B; //B的转置矩阵 CMatrix NBB(m_iUnknownPointCount,m_iUnknownPointCount); NBB=BT*P*B; CMatrix NBBl=NBB.Inv(); x=NBBl*BT*P*l; for(int i=0;i { m_pUnknownPoint[i].H+=x(i,0);//未知点高程值=近似值+改正数 } } void AdjustLevel::Accuracy_Assessment(double &r0,CMatrix &Qxx)//精度评定 { CMatrix B,l,P,x; P=LevleWeight(); //P为权矩阵 FormErrorEquation(B,l); EquationCompute(x); CMatrix v(m_iDhObsCount,1); v=B*x-l; CMatrix vT(1,m_iDhObsCount); vT=~v; CMatrix r/*(1,l)*/; r=vT*P*v; r0=sqrt(r(0,0)/(m_iDhObsCount-m_iUnknownPointCount));//单位权中误差Qxx.SetSize(m_iUnknownPointCount,m_iUnknownPointCount); CMatrix BT(m_iUnknownPointCount,m_iDhObsCount); BT=~B; CMatrix NBB(m_iUnknownPointCount,m_iUnknownPointCount); NBB=BT*P*B; Qxx=NBB.Inv(); } void AdjustLevel::CompAdjust(double &r0,CMatrix Qx[]) { ApproHeignt();//计算未知点的近似高程值并且存入数组 CMatrix P(m_iDhObsCount,m_iDhObsCount); P=LevleWeight();//p为权矩阵 CMatrix B,L; CMatrix x,Qxx; FormErrorEquation(B,L);//组成误差方程,B为系数矩阵,l为常数项 EquationCompute(x);//计算法方程 Accuracy_Assessment(r0,Qxx);//精度评定 for(int i=0;i { Qx[i]=sqrt(Qxx(i,i))*r0; } } #include"Matrix.h" #include"locale.h" #include"LevelControlPoint.h" #include"AdjustLevel.h" AdjustLevel LevelComput; CString* SplitString(CString str, char split, int& iSubStrs) { int iPos = 0; //分割符位置 int iNums = 0; //分割符的总数 CString strTemp = str; CString strRight; //先计算子字符串的数量 while (iPos != -1) { iPos = strTemp.Find(split); if (iPos == -1) { break; } strRight = strTemp.Mid(iPos + 1, str.GetLength()); strTemp = strRight; iNums++; } if (iNums == 0) //没有找到分割符 { //子字符串数就是字符串本身 iSubStrs = 1; return NULL; } //子字符串数组 iSubStrs = iNums + 1; //子串的数量= 分割符数量+ 1 CString* pStrSplit; pStrSplit = new CString[iSubStrs]; strTemp = str; CString strLeft; for (int i = 0; i < iNums; i++) { iPos = strTemp.Find(split); //左子串 strLeft = strTemp.Left(iPos); //右子串 strRight = strTemp.Mid(iPos + 1, strTemp.GetLength()); strTemp = strRight; pStrSplit[i] = strLeft; } pStrSplit[iNums] = strTemp; return pStrSplit; } void CIndircLelveDlg::OnBnClickedOpendatafile() { // TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码 UpdateData(TRUE); CFileDialog dlgFile(TRUE,_T("txt"),NULL,OFN_ALLOWMULTISELECT|OFN_EXPLORER, _T("(文本文件)|*.txt"));//创建文件对话框 if(dlgFile.DoModal()==IDCANCEL) return;//如果选择取消按钮则返回 CString strFileName=dlgFile.GetPathName();//打开获取文件文件名 setlocale(LC_ALL,""); //设置语言环境 CStdioFile sf; if(!sf.Open(strFileName, CFile::modeRead)) return; InputContent.Empty();//清空字符串str_openContent中的内容 CString strLine; BOOL bEOF=sf.ReadString(strLine);//读取第一行数据 while(bEOF)//开始读取顶点数据 { bEOF=sf.ReadString(strLine); if(bEOF) InputContent+=strLine+_T("\r\n"); } sf.Close(); UpdateData(FALSE); } void CIndircLelveDlg::OnBnClickedSavedata() { // TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码 U pdateData(TRUE); CFileDialog dlgFile(FALSE,_T("txt"),NULL,OFN_EXPLORER, _T("(Level格式)|*.txt")); if(dlgFile.DoModal()==IDCANCEL) return; CString strFileName=dlgFile.GetPathName(); setlocale(LC_ALL,""); CStdioFile sf; if(!sf.Open(strFileName, CFile::modeCreate|CFile::modeWrite)) return; sf.WriteString(LevleContent); sf.Close(); UpdateData(FALSE); } void CIndircLelveDlg::OnBnClickedComputelevel() { // TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码 UpdateData(TRUE); setlocale(LC_ALL,""); double *Qx=new double[LevelComput.m_iUnknownPointCount]; double r0; https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0d17226532.html,pAdjust(r0,Qx); LevleContent.Format(_T("平差后高程值:\r\n")); CString Temp; for(int i=0;i {