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不定式的特殊用法

不定式的特殊用法
不定式的特殊用法

?不定式的用法

1、不定式作主语例如:To remember this is very important.

注意:为了避免头重脚轻,在许多情况下,通常都将作主语的不定式置于句子后部,而在句首主语位置使用形式主语it。

例如:It is very important to remember this.

2、不定式作表语例如:He seems to be ill.

注意:不定式作表语主要有三种情况,

一是用于seem,appear,prove等系动词之后的不定式(尤其是tobe),

二是像My job is to sweep the floor.这样的主语与表语“等价”的情形,

三是表示想法、约定、义务、命令、可能性、命运等,如:You are to come when I call.

3、不定式作宾语例如:I can not afford to buy a car.

注意:

①不定式不仅用作动词的宾语,还可用作个别介词(but,except)的宾语

例如:I had no choice but to wait.

②当作宾语的不定式后跟有宾语补足语时,通常要用形式宾语it代替不定式,并将真

正的宾语不定式置于宾语补足语之后例如:I find it difficult to learn Japanese well.

4、不定式作宾语补足语例如:Who taught you to drive?

5、不定式作定语例如:I have a question to ask you.

注意:有的名词(如way,chance,right等)后用作不定式可换成of doing sth.

如:It is the best way to do(ofdoing)it. 但是以下名词后接不定式作定语时通常不能换成of doing sth.

?attempt courage decision effort for tune failure in vitation wish

6、不定式作状语例如:I went to France to learn French.

?不定式的完成式

?完成式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态之前。如:

I am sorry to have kept you waiting. (=I am sorry that I have kept you waiting) 对

不起,让你久等了。

注意:若谓语表示“愿望、打算、意图”的动词时,如hope,think,want,plan,expect,mean,intend等,其后可以跟不定式的完成式表示“本来想要或打算做某事,而实际上未能实现”。如:

?We meant to have stopped him from doing such a thing.

不定式用法详解

不定式用法详解 定义:在句子中充当除了谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。 非谓语动词有三种:不定式,动名词,分词。 注:非谓语动词具有时态和语态的变化,可以同否定词not连用,构成否定形式,可以带宾语,状语,补语。非谓语动词的名词,形容词,副词的特征;可用在句中做主语,宾语,补语,状语,和定语等。 —不定式(原形动词前加to, 构成动词不定式。不定式不做谓语,属于非谓语动词) 不定式的时态,语态 一般式:不定式所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作或状态同时发生或几乎同时发生或存在。但多数情况下是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生。 e.g :They often watch us play football. (同时) She hopes to go there again. (之后发生) 完成式:不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前。 e.g : I’m glad to have seen your mother yesterday 注:1)用在intended, expected, meant, hoped. promised, wanted, planned. wished. thought, desired, was, were等后,表示过去没有实现的愿望,期待或计划的等,也用来表示先于谓语动词发生的动作或状态。 e.g: He wanted to have met (=had wanted to meet) you at the airport,but he didn’t get there in time. 他原想去机场接你(事情已经发生),但他没及时赶到那儿。(没接成) e.g: We planned to have done (had planned to do) good deeds for the poor people last month. 我们原计划上个月为贫困的人们作些好事。(没作成)。

动词不定式用法讲解·优选.

动词不定式的用法讲解 一、动词不定式: 构成:to + 动词原形(to只是不定式符号,没有意义) 动词不定式作主语较长时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末。 1.It + is/was+形容词+(for sb.) +动词不定式 To learn English well is useful. = It’s useful to learn English well.学好英语是有用的。 To protect environment is important for us. = It’s impor tant for us to protect environment.对于我们来说保护环境是很重要的。 2. It is / was + kind / good/ nice/ clever + of sb. + 动词不定式 It’s very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真的太聪明啦。 3. It takes ( took , will take ) sb. some time to do something. (做某事花费某人…时间) 4.It is a good idea to do sth. 作宾语 1.常见的跟不定式作宾语的动词有: want to do sth. decide to do sth. hope to do sth. plan to do sth. offer to do sth. agree to do sth. learn to do sth try to do sth prefer to do sth promise to do sth. need to do sth. expect to do sth. 2. 主语+ find / think + it +形容词+ (for sb.) + to do I find it easy to read English every day. 我发现每天读英语和容易的。 He felt it hard to sleep.他觉得很难入睡。 I think it very interesting to learn English. 我认为学英语很有趣。 We found it impossible to cross the river. 我们发现过河是不可能的。 3.特殊疑问词+动词不定式作宾语 Can you tell me how to get to the post office? I didn’t know what to do next.

不定式的特殊用法小结

不定时的用法 to do 的其它用法: 1. 时态和语态形式to do/to be done/to be doing/to have done/to have been done/to have been doing (1) 一般式表动作通常与谓语动词所表动作同时或在其后发生; 进行式表动作与谓语动作同 时进行;完成式表动作发生在谓语动作之前; pretend / believe /say/seem/happen/prove/plan/hope/expect/should like/would like + to have done 表未曾实现的行为; 完成进行式表动作在谓语动作之前已开始并一直进行着,到说话时为止,该动作可能停止,也可能还在继续。 People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. The children pretended to be reading aloud when the teacher came in. I didn’t expect you to be waiting for me so long. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported to have broken. the world record in the 110- metre hurdle race. He’s said to have written a new novel. I would like to have had your help. I hoped to have seen her . He planned to have gone abroad. He was said to have been living in New York for twenty years. (1)主动式表逻辑主语为不定式动作的执行者;被动式表逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者。 I hope to finish reading the book tonight. We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday. 2.to do 的主动表被动 (1)to do 作定语与被修饰词构成动宾关系,同时又和句子主语构成主谓关系。 I have a lot of papers to deal with. (2) be + 性质adj. + to do . easy/hard/difficult/interesting/heave/pleasant/comfortable/safe/dangerous/impossible Tom is pleasant to work with. This book is difficult to understand. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good to breathe. (2)be + let /blame/ seek It seemed that water was to blame. The cause isn’t far to seek. The house is to let. (3)wh- + to do I had no idea who to turn to for help the time I lost. How to divide labor among them is still a question. (5) there be + 主语+ to do 中,当强调某人完成某事时用主动形式;当强调某事必须被完成用被动形式。 There’s many work to do. (sb. has to do the work. )/ to be done.(the work has to be done.) 3.to do 的逻辑主语是其所表动作的承受者时用被动。 It’ an honor for me to be invited to the party. The books and mag azines aren’t allowed to be taken out of the reading room. I wanted the letter to be typed at once She asked to be assigned to do a heavy job. 4.如果逻辑主语没出现,只要意义是被动的,to do仍用被动。 It’s great honor to be elected a delegate to the Party. To be attacke d by the enemy isn’t a bad thing but a good thing. 5.to do中动词的省略,只保留to . (1)to do作某些动词的宾语时:当作宾语的不定式再次出现时,为避免重复,只留to. afford/ agree/ expect/ forget/ hate/ hope/ intend/ mean/ plan/ prefer/ refuse/ try/ want/ wish/ would like/ love/ care

高中动词不定式用法讲解及练习

Grammar Presentation---动词不定式 一、不定式的句法功能 ●不定式作主语 ?To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习外语不是一件容易的事。 ◎不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语来代替它的位置,而将真正的主语(不定式短语)移到谓语之后 ?It’s a great honor to be invited to Mary’s birthday party.很荣幸被邀请参加玛丽的生日聚会。 ●不定式作宾语 ◎作动词宾语 ◇下列动词常接不定式作宾语,如:agree, arrange, ask, beg, choose, dare, decide, demand,expect, fail, fear, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, ?They hope to find new resources for mankind.他们希望为人类找到新资源。 ◇如果不定式作宾语且有自己的补语,常用“it”作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语放在后面。 下列动词常用it作形式宾语,如:believe, consider, feel, find, know, make ?I know it impossible to finish so much homework in one day. 我知道在一天中完成这么多的作业是不可能的。 ●不定式作表语 ◎不定式作表语时,一般紧跟在系动词后,说明主语的内容 ?The first step is to check the victim’s breathing. 第一步是检查受害人的呼吸。 ●不定式作补语 ?I’d like the problem to be discussed at the next meeting.我希望这个问题在下一次会上讨论。 ●不定式作定语 ?The students have a lot of homework to do every day.学生们每天都有很多家庭作业要做。 ●不定式作状语 不定式可以作原因状语、结果状语、目的状语以及方式状语 不定式在下列句式中作目的状语:so as to do, in order to do ?In order to ensure your hair looks its best, pay attention to what you eat. 为了保证你的头发是最佳状态,请注意你的饮食。 二:不定式考点归纳: 考点1:不定式的时态和语态: 1.---Is Bob still performing? ---I’m afraid not. He is said ____the stage already as he has become an official. A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left 2.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ____ the film stars had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 1.A. 根据句子的意思“据说他已经离开了舞台”,要用不定式的完成式的主动形式。2.B. 用动词的不定式的被动形式表示结果状语。 考点2:不定式的功能:不定式具有名词的特征,可以作主语或宾语(例5),具有形容词的特征,可以作表语、定语或补足语(例4);具有副词的特征,在句子中可以作状语(例3)。

be+不定式的用法小结

be+不定式的用法小结 be+不定式是英语中常见的一种结构,关于它的用法现在总结如下: 一、构成系表结构: 1、表示目的,例如: The prize was to honour him for his great discoveries. 这项奖励是为了对他的重大发现而表示的敬意。 2、对主语内容进行解释说明,例如: What you should do is (to) answer my questions. 你所应该做的就是回答我的问题。 二、表示将来: 1、表示按计划安排要发生的事情,例如: The president is to visit China next year. 总统将于明年访问中国。 If we are to be there in time, we'll have to hurry up. 如果我们想及时到达那里,就必须要赶快。 注:我们可以说:It's going to rain. 但不能说:It's to rain. 2、表示无法预见的结果或注定要发生的事情,例如: Better days are soon to follow. 好日子就要到了。 三、构成虚拟语气: 1、were to do 用于虚拟条件句中,表示对将来情况的虚拟。例如:What would you do if war were to break out? 假如战争爆发你会怎么做?

2、was/were+不定式的完成式(=should+不定式的完成式)表示过去应该发生而未发生的动作,例如:We were to have been married last year。 我们本打算去年结婚的。 四、be 后的个别动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义,例如: It's Jim who is to blame. 该怪的是吉姆。 This house is to let. 此房出租。 五、其他用法: 1、表示命令,指令。例如: You are not to bring any mobile communication means into the exam-room. 任何移动通讯工具都不得带入考场。 2、表示必须,必要。例如: This letter is to be handed to him in person. 这封信必须要面交他本人。 3、表示能够或可能发生的事情,例如: How are we to convince him? 我们怎么能够说服他呢? 4、表示应该,例如: Such questions are to be avoided. 这样的问题应该避免。

动词不定式的用法荟萃

动词不定式的用法荟萃 不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。 1)不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。 【例如】 To complete the 30storied building in one year was quite a difficult task. To do that implies taking responsibility. 当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到 谓语的后面。 【例如】 It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. It做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中: a) It is+形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish,

inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)+( for/of sb.)+ 不定式 【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it. b) It is+名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...) +不定式 It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash. It is a pity to have to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.

不定式用法讲解

高中英语语法讲解不定式 (The Infinitive) 定义:动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特点,既可以有自己的宾语和状语。 E.g. He want his students to read the book aloud. A. 1 2 不定式的意义 不定式的一般式(to do ) 一般式表示的动作或状态,发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后My wish is to become a doctor He seemed to be tired. She stopped to have a rest. 不定式的被动式 (to be done) 当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动式. The building to be finished next month is for our teachers. I am going to Beijing, I have something to take to my parents, do you have something to be taken to your parents? 如果谓语表示的动作(情况)发生时, 不定式表示动作正在进行,这时候不定式就要用进行式.(to be doing) They are said to be building another bridge across the street. They seemed to be talking about something important. When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world. I’m glad to be working with you. 如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前,就用完成式 (to have done) ;若是在此基础上的被动含义,就用完成被动式( to have been done). He is said to have written a novel about the Long March. He thought it a pity not to have invited us. The assistant seemed to have been fired. He is said to have been taught French when he was a child. Einstein is said to have built up his theory when he was in his twenties. 如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行的动作,就要用完成进行式. They are said to have been collecting folk song in Xinjiang. We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month.

动词不定式用法讲解

动词不定式用法讲解 1、构成及特征 动词不定式(infinitive)是动词的一种非限定形式,即非谓语动词形式,它有两种形式:一种是“to + 动词原形”构成(to- infinitive);另一种是不带to的不定式,即动词原形(bare- infinitive)。所有行为动词都有不定式形式,其否定式是在不定式前加not。动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍保留有动词的特点:(1)可以有时式和语态的变化,也可以有自己的宾语或状语,它们一起构成了不定式短语。He tried to work out the problem in five minutes.他试图在五分钟之内算出这道题。(带宾语和状语) The factory to be built here next year is a car factory.明年在这里建的工厂是一家汽车制造厂。(有语态的变化) (2)动词不定式还具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语、状语等成分。 He wants to study English.他想学英语。(to study English在句中作want的宾语,而to study又有自己的宾语English, to study和English一起构成了不定式短语。)Never to offend anyone is his principle.不得罪人是他的原则。(不定式作主语) 注意:不定式在许多场合具有情态意义。作主语时,相当于一个带有情态动词的主语从句;作宾语时,相当于一个带有情态动词的宾语从句;作定语时,相当于一个带有情态动词的定语从句;作目的状语时,相当于so that 或in order that引导的目的状语从句。 It is right for her to say so.(= It is right that she should say so.)她这样说是对的。 He has a lot of work to do.(=…that he should do)他有很多工作要做。 I don’t know where to get the ticket.(= …where I could get the ticket.)我不知道哪

小学英语不定式用法总结

不定式作主语 1)It's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了 easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better; the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 当你不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的。 2) It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们,他真好。 Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的) 例句: It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢,竟然相信了他。 It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西,这显得太自私了。 注意:1) 其他系动词如,look,appear等也可用于此句型 2) 不定式作为句子成分时,动词用单数形式。 3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is… to…的句型 (对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。

动词不定式用法讲解

动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语,在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如: To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 动词不定式(短语)作主语时,为了避免句子的头重脚轻,可以用“it”作形式主语,而把真正的主语--动词不定式(短语)放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为: It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如: It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的,可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for 引导的短语,称为不定式的复合结构。例: It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语: 动词不定式(短语)作表语常用于系词be的后面。例: His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式(短语)可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语,能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有:begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例: I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door. 别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 明天和我们一起去野餐好吗?

英语动词不定式的完成式用法小结

英语动词不定式完成式在使用语境中的学习与考查 江苏省沛县湖西中学鹿俊先221611 综观近年的英语高考试题,我们可以看到题目的设置往往强调语言知识在特定语境中的使用,把语言知识放在了语用层面上,即考察实际应用知识的能力。 英语动词不定式的完成式,即(to) have +动词的过去分词形式,是中学英语学习中的重点及难点知识之一,也是高考试题中频繁出现的形式。对于这一形式考查的题目设置通常围绕三类语境,即陈述已经发生过了的事实,推测可能已经发生过了的事实,表达与过去实际情况相反的事实。下面分别加以叙述,以便从语用角度掌握这一语言知识。 1.陈述已经发生过了的事实。 1.1.置于表示情感反应的动词、形容词、分词之后,作为引起该反应的刺激,表示情感反应之前完成的动作。例如: I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. (=I'm sorry that I gave / have given you so much trouble.) It is good to have finished work for the day. (=I am pleased because I have finished.) She said she was sorry to have missed you. (=She said she was sorry that he had missed you.) There was a smile on the boy's face, which seemed to show that he was happy to have given his life to his country. (=…he was happy that he had given his life to his country.) 1.2.置于be said, be considered, be believed, seem, appear, happen, turn out,等之后表示这些动作之前完成的动作。例如: I don't know whether you happen to have heard, but I am going to study in the U.S.A. this September. Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer. (=It is generally considered that Charles Babbage invented the first computer.) He is said to have studied abroad, but I don't know which country he studied in. (= It is said that he studied abroad, b ut….) I appear to have made a small mistake. (=It appears that I made / have made a small mistake.) He seems to have missed the train. (=It seems that he missed the train.) 1.3.置于should之后,表达说话人对已发生了的事实的情感的反应,如惊奇、遗憾、喜悦、不安、失望,等,should相当于汉语中的“竟然”,“居然”。例如:They were surprised (that) a child should have worked out the problem while they themselves couldn't. It is strange that she should have married such an old man. 2.推测可能已经发生过了的事实。 2.1.置于must, will, would, can't, couldn't 之后,表示很有把握的推论。例如: The city must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. An ambulance is waiting in the street. Somebody must have been hurt or killed. --I met her soon after the war.

非谓语动词之动词不定式(todo)的用法

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充当宾语补足语 I persuaded him to make a speech in public. 注意:在感官动词/使役动词/help后(see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做宾补时,可省略“to”) I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. (我看到了他们争论的整个过程) 但,感官动词后面也可接Ving形式,表示正在进行。 I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. (我看到他们正在争论谁该扫地,并不一定看到了整个过程) 充当状语(目的,原因,结果状语,其逻辑主语与句子主语一致) I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. (目的状语) I’m sorry to bother you.(原因状语) He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. (结果状语,only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的结果) 充当定语(不定式作定语,要放在所修饰的词的后面) I have a lot of dishes to wash. Do you have anything to say There are 3 questions to answer. 一些固定句型中不定式省略“to” had better would rather do… than do… why not do “except/but” 有“do” 无“to”,有”to”无“do” have nothing to do but do… do everything but/except have no choice but to want nothing but/except to 当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列(and/or/than)时,通常只保留第一个不定式的“to”. He told me to stay there and wait for him. It’s easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. (否定式中“to”不能省略)

1动词不定式用法小结

动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式。其结构是“to+动词原形”,否定形式为“not+to+动词原形”。动词不定式在句中不充当谓语,不受主语的限制,但有时态和语态的变化。但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。动词不定式是中考的必考点之一。现结合最近几年的中考真题,全面梳理动词不定式的考点. 一、动词不定式做主语 1. 动词不定式直接做主语,谓语动词用三单。如: To swim in the river is dangerous.在河里游泳是很危险的。 To ask the teacher for help is necessary.向老师寻求帮助是有必要的。 To see is to believe. 眼见为实 2.下列特殊句型中的动词不定式做真实主语。 不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语. ▲“It is+形容词+for sb.to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。其中句中的形容词多为描述性的词语,不对人或物的品格进行评价,如difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous,impossible等。 例1:It is important ____ us ________ English well. A. for;to learn B. of;to learn C. for;learn D. of;learn ▲“It is+形容词+of sb.to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。其中句中的形容词用于描述人的性格、品质,如kind,good,nice,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等。 例2:—Let me help you carry the box,Granny. —Thank you,Li Lei. It’s very nice________ you ____________me. A. of;to help B. for;to help C. of;helping D. for;helping 小结:It’s +clever,wise, kind, good, right, nice (of + sb.) + to do . sth.wrong, bad, cruel silly, stupid, foolish careful, careless It’s +difficult, hard, easy,+ ( for + sb. ) + to do sth. possible, impossibl ,important,` 3. “It’s a/one’s+n.(task/duty/job)...+to do sth.”意为“做某事是……的任务/职责/工作”。如: It’s my duty to save patients.治病救人是我的职责。 例3:—It’s our duty __________our city clean and beautiful. —Yes.We should do something for it. A. to keep B. keep C. keeping 4.It takes sb time to do sth . 汉译英:每天步行上学花费我十分钟。 _________________________________________________________ 二、动词不定式做表语 动词不定式做表语,一般用于be动词或seem等系表动词后面。主语通常是wish,idea,works,task,job,aim等词。如: My work is ___________ the room every day.我的工作是每天打扫房间。 He seemed ____________ nothing.他似乎什么也没有听到。 三、动词不定式做宾语 动词不定式做宾语是中考常考考点之一,具体用法分为两种情况: 1. 一些动词必须接动词不定式做宾语,这类动词有want(想要),decide(决定),ask(问、寻求),learn(学习),tell(告诉),teach(教、讲授),hope(希望),plan(计划),refuse(拒绝),expect(期待、期望),afford(负担得起),warn(警告),invite(邀请)等。 例4:They decided _____________a bridge over the river. A. build B. to build C. building 例5:— Some children can’t afford ________________ dictionaries. —Let’s donate our pocket money to them. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. be bought 2.think,find,feel,make,believe等动词可用于“动词+it+形容词+to do sth.”结构。在此句型中,it做形式宾语,而真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。 例6:I found _________ necessary _______him.. A. that;talk B. it;to talk C. that;to talk You helped _______________________________________________________ (使我拥有幸运成为可能) (make ) 4.有些动词接动词不定式与接动名词有区别 mean to do sth 打算干某事 mean doing sth 意味着干某事 forget/remember to do sth 忘记/记得要做某事 forget/remember doing sth 忘记/记得已做过某事 stop to do sth 终止一件事,去做另一件事 stop doing sth 停止做某事 try to do sth 尽力做某事 try doing sth尝试做某事 四、动词不定式做宾语补足语 The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help.

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