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小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型附解题技巧

小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型附解题技巧
小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型附解题技巧

小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型

在小学阶段,阅读理解题型灵活多样,但主要有五种题型,不同的题型其实也是有不同解题技巧的。

一、读一读,然后选一选

这种题型的特点是在短文后给出若十个不完整的句子或若干个根据短文内容提出的问题,针对每一题都提供三到四个备选的答案,要求同学们在正确理解短文内容的基础上,从选项中选出一个正确的答案。

这类试题的问题一般是紧扣短文内容编排的,既会涉及文章中的细节内容,如文中出现的人物、时间、地点、事件的前因后果等;也会涉及文章中某个词或某个句子的含义以及文章的主旨、大意和标题等。

The big day comes at last!

Mrs Jones'third grade students are waiting quietly for her to come into the classroom. Today Amy brings some cakes, Joy brings some napkins, Carlos brings some soda water and Kate brings some cups. Everyone wants the party to he a surprise. Mrs Jones doesn't know the children have known today is her birthday. When she comes into the classroom, the children shout, “Happy birthday, Mrs Jones!”

And then the children get a surprise,too. Mrs Jones brings everyone a party hat and an ice cream!

阅读短文,选择最佳答案。

( ) 1. Mrs Jones'grade students are waiting for her. A. three B.third C.No.3 D.the third

( )2. Carlos brings some一.A. cola B.napkins C.soda water D.cups

( )3.brings some cakes. A. Amy B.Carlos C.Joey D.Kate

分析

题1短文的第二句话告诉我们是琼斯老师的三年级的学生们正静静地等候她的到来。在年级前面应该用序数词来表示,如果是在年级后面就应该用基数词表示。如:the third grade,=Grade Three.同时因为前面有定语Mrs Jones',所以这里也应该不要the。

题2.3 短文介绍了几个同学分别带了一些东西。卡洛斯带了soda water(汽水),艾米带了蛋糕。

正确答案:1.B 2.C 3.A

二、读一读,然后判断句子正误

该题型的特点是在短文后给出若干个句子,要求同学们根据短文内容,判断所给的句子意思是否与原文相符。做这类题应该联系短文内容进行发挥,主要是考查对意思相近或相反的几个句子进行鉴别、判断,或是变换词语、句子结构来测试同种意思的不同表达。

There are some public numbers. Do you know when to use these numbers? 110 is a number for calling policeman when you have niet some illegal things. 119 is a number using for a fire accident. 120 is a number for asking medical help when somebody is serious ill or hurt. Please do not dial these numbers for fun. It is forbidden. 阅读短文,判断正(T)误(F)。( )1. When you meet some thieves, you can call 110.

( )2. Somebody is serious ill, you can call 119.

( )3. There is a fire ac:cident in vour building, so you can call 119.

( )4.A girl was hurt by a car, you can call 120.

分析

这篇短文是介绍几个常用电话号码的用法。读懂就会判断句子的正误了。

题l 意思是当你遇到小偷的时候,你应该拔打110。110是遇到违法事件时的报警号码,所以判断它是正确的。

题2意思是有人得了重病,你应该拔打119。1 19是发生火灾时的求救号码,所以判断它是错误的。

题3意思是当你的房子发生了火灾,你应该拨打119。可以判断它是正确的

题4意思是一个女孩被汽车撞了,你应该拔打120。120是请求医疗急救的号码,应该先送她去医院+,所以可以判断它是正确的。

正确答案:1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T

三、读一读,然后回答问题

这种题型要求根据所提的问题写出完整、正确的句子。这样的题目听起来似乎很难,其实真正做起来却很简单。

回答问题时,句子越简单越好,答案应简洁明了,能用一个词,就不用两个词,只要能说明问题就行。

There are seven days in a week. They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. Sunday is the first day of the week. Saturday and Sunday are the weekend. Usually, we have a rest on the weekends. The other five days are weekdays. We usually go to school or work during weekdays. Nobody likes Monday, because we have a good time on Sunday and we don't want to study or work any more.

阅读短文,然后根据短文内容回答问题。

1. How many days are there in a week?

2.What are they?

3. What is the first day of the week?

4.What is the weekend?

5. When do we usually go to school?

分析

题1 问一周有几天。用一个seven就可以回答了。

题2问分别是哪几天。短文第二句已经给我们答案了。

题3记住一周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一。

题4周末是星期六和星期天。

题5 问我们通常什么时候上学。应该是工作日了。

正确答案:

1.There are seven.

2.They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesclay, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday.

3.Sunday.

4.Saturday and Sunday.

5.During weekdays.

四、读一读,然后根据短文内容填空

该题型的特点是在短文后给出一篇经过改写或缩写后与原短文意思相同的短文或几个句子,在短文或句子中均留有若干个空格,要求同学们在每一个空格处填上一个词,使短文或句子所表达的意思与原短文的内容一致。

The English people like take-away food. The most popular food is fish and chips. They usually go to a fish and chips shop. They put the food in paper bags, and take it home, or to their

work place. At lunch time, many people eat takeaway food in thepark. Chinese take-away food is also very popular in England. People in the USA and Australia like Chinese

take-away food, too. But the most popular food in the USA is fried chicken.

阅读短文,然后填空。

1. The most popular food in England is___.

2. They put the food in____ ,and take it home, or to their work place.

3. At lunch time, many people eat______food in the park.

4. Chinese take-away food is also very_ in England.

5. The most popular food in the USA is___一.

分析

题l 第二句话告诉我们最受英国人欢迎的食物是鱼和薯片。

题2第四句话告诉我们他们把食物装进纸袋里,然后带回家或工作的地方。

题3短文还告诉我们在午餐的时候,很多人喜欢在公园里吃可携带食物。

题4第二段告诉我们中国的可携带食物在英国也很受欢迎。题5最后一句话告诉我们在美国,最受欢迎的食物是炸鸡。

正确答案:1.fish and chips 2.paper bags

3.take-away4.popular 5.fried chiken

五、读一读,然后画一画

该题型要求同学们先读懂短文,然后根据短文内容画与短文内容相关的。要注意短文中提到的一些东西要在画中体现出来。Aunt Mary is coming, but Tom's mother is too busy to pick her up. So she asks Tom to pick aunt Mary up. But Tom did not meet her for a long time. So his mother asks Tom to find as following: She is at the bus station. She is a tall woman with long blac:k hair. She is wearing a green dress, a brown hat and a pair of boots. She is holding a handbag. Can Tom find her' l 根据汤姆的妈妈的描述给玛丽阿姨画一幅画,以便汤姆更容易找到她。

分析

短文的第二段告诉我们玛丽阿姨的肖像特点是:a tall woman with long black hair(长长的黑头发的高个子的妇女),wearing a green dress,a brown hat and a pair of boots(穿着一件绿色的裙子,头戴一顶棕色的帽子,脚穿一双靴子),holding a handbag(拿着一个手提包)。

读懂了这些,就不难画出这幅画了。可不要忘记了涂色哦!

总之,英语阅读理解的解题技巧可以归纳为以下几点:

1.假如文章很长,题目很少,我们可以采取略读的方法先简单读一遍,然后带着问题去查阅,这样相信你一定能找到答案。

2.假如文章很短,而题目义很多的话,我们则应该先仔细阅读短文,再去做题。遇到想不起来的,可以带着该问题去查阅有关细节。

3.如果问题要求解答数字、人名、地名、时间等,可以直接用查阅的方法来寻求答案,也可以先略读然后再查阅。

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听力题型 听力部分的比重大概为30%--40%。主要涉及:边听选图片或选单词、边听边看图排序或判断、听问句选答句、听答句选问句、听写类等等。 英国知名的听力教学法专家根据听力理论和记忆的心理规律设计了听的三个步骤: “听前(pre-listening)” “听时(while-listening)” “听后(post-listening)” 要想在听力部分拿到满意的成绩,需这么做: 1.听前争分夺秒读题干,了解题意 图画中出现的人物、动物、动作、时间或数字等内容,孩子要极其敏感,抓住这些关键信息来提高答题准确率。

2.听时聚精会神,耳手脑并用 适度紧张,边听边记边思考。如果遇到需要听写的单词太长,则可采用自己能辨识的缩略法进行标记。第一遍听大意,做好标注;第二遍集中精力,边听边写答案。 3.听后仔细推敲,确保正确率 听完后检查,看看有没有拼写错误。发现错误及时纠正。注意,不要空题!很可能有些答案通过前后文意,也可以推断出来。 单项填空 这是一道传统题型,涉及词汇、语法、句型、惯用法等方面。 答题时,也需要讲究一定的技巧: 1.认真审题干,从题干中判断考点,从词汇和语法等各个方面联系思考。 2.排除法是很好的解题帮手。自己能明确排除的做好标注,节省答题时间。 3.对话型的单选题,可把自己置身于语境之中进行思考。 4.单选题很多能从课本中找到影子,因此可联想课文内容进行比对。 5.答题完毕后,要将句子连起来读读,看看是否通顺。语感也是很重要的噢! 完型填空

主要考查孩子的语法与词汇知识综合运用的能力。既考查词语基本搭配、近义词辨析、动词常用时态、句型结构、关联词等,又考查了理解和逻辑能力。 从例子中,我们可以看出完形填空是介乎单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型,一般设置10个左右的选项。解答技巧如下: 1.通读全文,了解大意 先认真通读文章内容,了解大概意思。 ?错误做法: (1)遇到生僻的词汇或较难的句子,就停下来在这些细枝末节上死抠。 (2)一看到这么多空格,就着急边看边填,想早点填完。 ?正确做法: (1)遇到难点,暗示自己这并不影响自己答题。果断先跳过去,继续往后读,直到读懂大致意思。

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