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(2014.10.陕理工)《英语词汇学》作业题(附答案)

(2014.10.陕理工)《英语词汇学》作业题(附答案)
(2014.10.陕理工)《英语词汇学》作业题(附答案)

陕西理工学院成教院《英语词汇学》自测题

Self-Assessment Exx on English Lexicology

一. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.

1. Words fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______. ()

A. use frequency

B. notion

C. productivity

D. origin

2. Words like bear, nut, knocked out can be categorized as ______. ()

A. terminology

B. jargon

C. slang

D. neologisms

3. Identify the word that is of Scandinavian origin among the following. ()

A. Skirt

B. Dress

C. Model

D. Status

4. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ()

A. Old English was a highly inflected language.

B. Reviving archaic or obsolete words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary

C. The word cloak is of French origin.

D. Modern English is a synthetic language.

5. The root of the word ―antecedent‖ is ______. ()

A. ante-

B. -ced-

C. -dent

D. -ent

6.Shortening a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains is called ____.()

A. blending

B. clipping

C. acronymy

D. back-formation

7. Associative meaning of words comprises the following except ______. ()

A. connotative meaning

B. lexical meaning

C. affective meaning

D. collocative meaning

8. What is a common feature peculiar to all natural languages? ()

A. Suffixation.

B. Polysemy.

C. Allomorph.

D. Variation.

9. Which word that formerly meant animal, and later animal from Latin and beast from French found their way into English?()

A. Deer.

B. Cattle.

C. Sheep.

D. Bird.

10. When a word with multiple meanings is used in an inadequate context, this word may create ______. ()

A. semantic motivation

B. degradation

C. ambiguity

D. extension

11. Without ______, there is no way to determine the very sense of the word that the speaker inten ded to convey. ()

A. context

B. semantic unity

C. structural stability

D. stylistic feature

12. Idioms manifest such rhetorical features as the following except______. ()

A. phonetic manipulation

B. lexical manipulation

C. literary expressions

D. figures of speech

13. According to its grammatical functions, idioms can be classified into five groups. The idiom ―heart and soul‖ belongs to ______. ()

A. idioms nominal in nature

B. idioms adjectival in nature

C. idioms verbal in nature

D. idioms adverbial in nature

14. The main body for a dictionary is ______ of words. ()

A. spellings

B. pronunciations

C. definitions

D. grammar

15. Readers can‘t find pronunciation or meaning in ______. ()

A. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese Translation

B. The Encyclopedia Americana

C. Chambers Encyclopedic English Dictionary

D. Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary

二. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.

16. Affixe attached to the end of word toindicate grammatical relationshipsare known as ________ morphemes.

17. The chief function of ________ is not to change the word class of the stem, but to change its m eaning.

18. ―Pavement‖ in British English and ―sidewalk‖ in American English have the same ________.

19. Red, scarlet, mauve, violet, lavender, pansy, black, purple, etc, make up the ________field of ?colour.

20. Some words can have two different types of antonyms at the same time, one being ________ and the other opposite.

三. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1 ) types of meanings;2) types of motivations; 3) types of dictionaries; 4) origins of English and 5) types of se nse relations.

A B

21. queer, odd A. onomatopoetically motivated ( )

22. surplus value B. subordinate hyponymy ( )

23. miaow C. specialized dictionary ( )

24. CED D. Greek ( )

25. hard disk, CPU etc. — computer E. polysemy ( )

26. technology F. semantically motivated ( )

27. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs G relative synonym ( )

28. The pen is mightier than the sword. H. conceptual meaning ( )

29. gay-joyous, brilliant and homosexual I. bilingual dictionary ( )

30. home/dwelling place J. German ( )

四. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of context; 2) types of word for mation; 3) causes of meaning change; 4 ) types of bound morphemes underlined.

31. boob-head-one who returns too often to jail ( )

32. ascendant ( )

33. look out/look out ( )

34. descend ( )

35. telequiz ( )

36. landlord (in English vs. in Chinese) ( )

37. a coloured nail/a copper nail ( )

38. tolerance ( )

39. churl-bad people ( )

40. stockholder ( )

五. Define the following terms.

41. creation (as a mode of vocabulary development)

42. free morphemes

43. collocative meaning

44. concatenation

45. grammatical context

六. Answer the following questions . Your answers should be clear and short. (12%)

46. What is suffixation? Give an example to illustrate your point.

47. What is the remarkable feature of Longman Lexicon of Contemporary English ?

48. Supply two examples to illustrate that the influx of borrowings has caused some words to chan -ge in meaning.

七. Analyze and comment on the following.

49. Explain the meaning of the phrase ―a laconic answer‖, using the theory of motivation.

50. Study the following sentence: 1) pick out the idiom, 2) explain its origin, and 3) comment on the use.

David‘s head was in the tool-box, but his voice was heard saying, ―Too many cooks, better let me.‖

(注:以上题面/题干最好打印稿,但以下答案请手写填入相应位置,并添加封皮。)附:《英语词汇学》自测题参考答案

一、选择题

1.A

2.C

3.A

4.D

5.B

6.B

7.B

8.B

9.A 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.B

二、填空题

16.inflectional 17.prefixes 18.sense 19.semantic 20.negative

三、连线题

21.G 22.J 23.A 24.I 25.B 26.D 27.C 28.F 29.E 30.H

四、判断题

31. extra-linguistic factors-- psychological reason

32. derivational affix/prefix

33. extra-linguistic context

34. derivational affix/prefix

35. blending

36. extra-linguistic context

37. lexical context of linguistic context

38. bound root

39. extra-linguistic factors-- class reason

40. compounding

五、名词解释

41.Creation refers to the formation of new words by using the existing materials, namely roots, a ffixes and other elements.

42. Free morphemes have complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical u nits in sentences. They are identical with root words.

43. The word-meaning which is suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion.

44. A semantic process in which each of the later meanings is related only to the preceding one lik

e chains.

45. The meaning of a word that is influenced by the structure in which it occurs.

六、问答题

46. Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to sterms. Suffixes generally cha nge the word class. For example, ―economy‖ is a verb, but ―employer‖ becomes a noun when the s uffix –er is added to the stem ―employ‖.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0616606701.html,piled on the principle of semantic field;some 15,000 items classified into fourteen semantic fields of a practical everyday nature; subfields also included;

semantically related words defining one another.

48. pig/pork, sheep/mutton. In old English, animals and their meat shared the same name. with the Norman Conquest and borrowing of corresponding French words, the English words were kept o nly for live animals and the French words for the animals killed and brought to the table.

七、分析题

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0616606701.html,conic is derived from Lacons , a tribe of people who were known for their ―brevity of speech ‖ and for their habit of never using more words than necessary. So laconic means ―brief or short‖, which is etymologically motivated. ―A laconic answ er‖ thus is ―a short answer‖.

50. ―too many cooks‖, from ―Too many cooks spoil the broth‖. The use of the short form indicate t he informal situation. This sentence implies the speaker and listeners are working or colleagues.

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