词汇学练习试题
1.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words.
A. Semantics
B. Linguistics
C. Etymology
D. Stylistics
2.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effects
A. situation
B. context
C. time
D. place
3.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference.
A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic
4. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings.
A. new
B. old
C. bad
D. good
5The Normans invaded England from France in 1066. The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of ______ words into English.
A. French
B. Greek
C. Roman
D. Latin
6Greek is the modern language derived from _______.
A. Latin
B. Hellenic
C. Indian D . Germanic
7The prefixes in the words of ir resistible, non classical and a political are called _______.
A.reversative prefixes
B. negative prefixes
C. pejorative prefixes
D. locative prefixes
8The prefixes contained in the following words are called ______: pseudo-friend, mal practice, mis trust.
A. reversative prefixed
B. negative prefixes
C. pejorative prefixes
D. locative prefixes
9The prefixed contained in un wrap, de-compose and dis allow are _________.
A. reversative prefixed
B. negative prefixes
C. pejorative prefixes
D. locative prefixes
10The prefixes in words extra-strong, overweight and arch bishop are _____ .
A . negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes
11The prefixes in words bi lingual ,uni form and hemis phere are ________.
A. number prefixes
B. prefixes of degree or size
C. pejorative prefixes
D. locative prefixes
12.________ are contained in words trans-world, intra-party and fore head.
A.Prefixes of orientation and attitude
B. Prefixes of time and order
C. Locative prefixes
D. Prefixes of degree or size
13. Omega,Xerox and orlon are words from _________.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0a17077512.html,s of books
B. names of places
C. names of people
D. tradenames
14.Ex-student, fore tell and post-election contain________.
A.negative prefixes
B. prefixes of degree or size
C. prefixes of time and order
D. locative prefixes
15Mackintosh, bloomers and cherub are from _______
A. names of books
B. names of places
C. names of people
D. tradenames
16The prefixes in words new-Nazi, autobiography and pan-European are ________.
B.negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size
C. prefixes of time and order
D. miscellaneous prefixes
17The prefixes in words anti-government , pro student and contra flow are _____-.
C.prefixes of degree or size B. prefixes of orientation and attitude
C. prefixes of time and order
D. miscellaneous prefixes
18Utopia ,odyssey and Babbit are words from ________.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0a17077512.html,s of books B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames
19The suffixes in words clockwise, homewards are ______.
A. noun suffixes
B. verb suffixes
C. adverb suffixes
D. adjective suffixes
20The suffixes in words height en, symbol ize are ________.
A. noun suffixes
B. verb suffixes
C. adverb suffixes
D. adjective suffixes
21_______is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.
A. Reference
B. Concept
C. Sense
D. Context
22. Most English words can be said to be ________.
A. non-motivated
B. motivated
C. connected
D. related
23.Trumpet is a(n) _______motivated word.
A. morphologically
B. semantically
C. onomatopoeically
D. etymologically
24Walkman is a _______motivated word.
A. onomatopoeically
B. morphologically
C. semantically
D. etymologically
25.Affective meaning indicates the speaker’s _______towards the person or thing in question.
A. feeling .
B. liking
C. attitude
D. understanding
1.Polysemy is a common feature peculiar to ______.
A. English only
B. Chinese only
C. all natural languages
D. some natural languages
2.From the ______ point of view, polysemy is assumed to be the result of growth and development of the
semantic structure of one and same word .
A. linguistic
B. diachronic
C. synchronic
D. traditional
3._______ is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the center and the secondary
meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rayes.
A Radiation B. Concatenation C. Derivation D. Inflection
4. _________ is the semantic process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense that is finally developed and that which the term had at the beginning.
A. Derivation
B. Radiation
C. Inflection
D. Concatenation
5.One important criterion to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is to see their ______.
A. spelling
B. pronunciation
C. etymology
D. usage
6. ________refer to one of two or more words in the English language which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning.
A. Polysemants
B. Synonyms
C. Antonyms
D. Hyponyms
7. The sense relation between the two words tulip and flower is _______.
A. hyponymy
B. synonymy
C. polysemy
D. antonymy
8. _________ are words identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning, e.g. bow/bau/; bow/beu/.
A. Homophones
B. Homographs
C. Perfect homonyms
D. Antonyms
9. The antonyms: male and female are ______.
A. contradictory terms
B. contrary terms
C. relative terms
D. connected terms
10The antonyms big and small are ______.
A. contradictory terms
B. contrary terms
C. relative terms
D. connected terms
11The antonyms husband and wife are ______.
A. contradictory terms
B. contrary terms
C. relative terms
D. connected terms
12Composition and compounding in lexicology are words of _______.
A. absolute synonyms
B. relative synonyms
C. relative antonyms
D. contrary antonyms
13As homonyms are identical in sound or spelling, particularly ______, they are often employed in a conversation to create puns for desired effect of humor, sarcasm or ridicule.
A. homographs
B. homophones
C. absolute homonyms
D. antonyms
14From the diachronic point of view, when the word was created, it was endowed with only one meaning . The first meaning is called ______.
A. primary meaning
B. derived meaning
C. central meaning
D. basic meaning
15Synchronically, the basic meaning of a word is the core of word-meaning called_______.
A. primary meaning
B. derived meaning
C. central meaning
D. secondary meaning
1.In Shakespearean line ‘rats and mice and such small dee r’, deer obviously designates ‘_____’ in
general.
A. a doe
B.. animal
C. a deerlike animal
D. buck
2.The original meaning of wife is _______.
A. a married woman
B. a young woman
C. woman
D. widowed woman
3.The meaning of meat changed by mode of _______.
A. extension
B. narrowing
C. elevation
D. degradation
4.The meaning of fond changed by mode of _______.
A. extension
B. narrowing
C. elevation
D. degradation
5.The original meaning of minister is ______.
A. head of a ministry
B. a tutor
C.a farmer
D. servant
6.The original meaning of success is ______.
A.result
B. progress
C. event
D. incident
7.The meaning of churl changed by mode of _______.
A. elevation
B. extension
C. degradation
D. narrowing
8.Loud colours belongs to ______.
A.transfer of sensations
B. transfer between abstract and concrete meanings
C.transfer from objective to subjective
D. transfer from subjective to objective
9. The meaning of picture changed by modes of _____.
A. extension
B. narrowing
C. degradation
D. elevation
I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.
1.Jack of all trades is an idiom ________.
A. nominal in nature
B. adjectival in nature
C. verbal in nature
D. adverbial in nature
2.Let the dog see the rabbit is an idiom ________.
A. nominal in nature
B. adjectival in nature
C. verbal in nature
D. adverbial in nature
3.How are you is a(n) __________.
A.idiom nominal in nature
B. idiom verbal in nature
B.idiom adjective in nature D. sentence idiom
4.tooth and nail is an idiom ________.
A. nominal in nature
B. adjectival in nature
C. verbal in nature
D. adverbial in nature
5.Beyond the pale is an idiom _________.
A. nominal in nature
B. adjectival in nature
C. verbal in nature
D. adverbial in nature
6.Play fast and loose shows the feature of ________.
A. repetition
B. reiteration
C. juxtaposition
D. rhyme
7.Spend money like water is an example of _________.
A．metaphor B. simile C. metonymy D. synecdoche
8.The salt of the earth is an example of _______.
A. simile
B. metaphor
C. metonymy
D. synecdoche
9. From cradle to grave is an example of _________.
A. simile
B. metaphor
C. synecdoche
D. metonymy
10.Fall into good hands is an example of _________.
A. simile
B. metaphor
C. synecdoche
D. metonymy
11.The pot calls the cattle black is an example of _______.
A.metaphor
B. personification
C. synecdoche
D. euphemism
12.Powder one’s nose is an example of _________.
A. personification
B. euphemism
C. synecdoche
D. hyperbold
13.A world of trouble is an example of ________.
A. euphemism
B. personification
C. hyperbole
D. metonymy
14.Chop and change shows the feature of __________.
A. rhyme
B. repetition
C. reiteration
D. repetition
15.By hook and by crook is an example of ________.
A. alliteration
B. rhyme
C. reiteration
D. repetition
I.1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.D 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.B
词汇学试题(1)
哈尔滨商业大学2009-2010学年第二学期《词汇学》期末考试试卷 装 题 订 线 内 不 答 要 一、单项选择题（本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. 1. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______. Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it. A. workers B. criminals C. any person D. policeman 2.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. A. Argot B. Slang C. Jargon D. Dialectal words 3. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use. A. common B. little C. slight D. great 4. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings. A. new B. old C. bad D. good 5. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals. A. functional B. notional C. empty D. formal 6. In the Indo-Iranian we have Persian , Bengali, Hindi, Romany, the last three of which are derived from the dead language,_______. A. Sanskrit B. Latin C. Roman D. Greek 7. Greek is the modern language derived from _______. A. Latin B. Hellenic C. Indian D . Germanic 8. The five Romance languages , namely, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Romanian all belong to the Italic through an intermediate language called _______. A. Sanskrit B. Latin C. Celtic D. Anglo-Saxon 9. The ________family consists of the four Northern European Languages: Norwegian, Icelandic, Danish and Swedish, which are generally known as Scandinavian languages. A. Germanic B. Indo-European C. Albanian D. Hellenic 10. By the end of the _______century , virtually all of the people who held political or social power and many of those in powerful Church positions were of Norman French origin. A. 10th B.11th C.12th D. 13th 11. The prefixes in the words of ir resistible, non classical and a political are called _______. A. reversative prefixes B. negative prefixes C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes 12. The prefixes contained in the following words are called ______: pseudo-friend, mal practice, mis trust. A. reversative prefixed B. negative prefixes C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes 13. The prefixed contained in un wrap, de-compose and dis allow are _________. A. reversative prefixed B. negative prefixes C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes 14. The prefixes in words extra-strong, overweight and arch bishop are _____ . A . negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes
词汇学考试题目
词汇学考试题型 Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（2×15=30%） 1.In Old English there was _______ agreement between sound form.（） A. more B. little C. less D. gradual 2.Both LDCE and CCELD are _______.（） A. general dictionaries B. monolingual dictionaries C. both A and B D. neither A and B 3.The word "MINISKIRT" is _______.（） A. morphologically motivated B. etymologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. none of the above 4.The most important way of vocabulary development in present-day English is _______.（） A. borrowing B. semantic change C. creation of new words D. all the above 5.Beneralization is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become ________.（） A. generalized B. expanded C. elevated D. degraded 6.Some morphemes have _______ as they are realized by more than one morph according to their position in word.（） A. alternative morphs B. single morphs C. abstract units D. discrete units 7.Old English vocabulary was essentially _______ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.（） A. Italic B. Germanic C. Celtic D. Hellenic https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0a17077512.html,pounds are different from free phrases in all the following ways EXCEPT _______.（）
英语词汇学教程(练习答案)(1)解析
《英语词汇学教程》（2004 年版）练习答案 Chapter 1 7. Choose the standard meaning from the list on the right to match each of the slang words on the left. a. tart: loose woman b. bloke: fellow c. gat: pistol d. swell: great e. chicken: coward f. blue: fight g. smoky: police h. full: drunk i. dame: woman j. beaver: girl 8. Give the modern equivalents for the following archaic words. haply = perhaps albeit = although methinks = it seems to me eke = also sooth = truth morn = morning troth = pledge ere = before quoth = said hallowed = holy billow = wave / the sea bade = bid 12. Categorize the following borrowed words into denizens, aliens, translation loans, and semantic loans. Denizens: kettle, die, wall, skirt, husband Aliens: confrere, pro patria, Wunderkind, mikado, parvenu Translation loans: chopstick, typhoon, black humour, long time no see Semantic loans: dream Chapter 2 1. Why should students of English lexicology study the Indo-European Language Family? The Indo-European Language Family is one of the most important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. Knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately. 2. Make a tree diagram to show the family relations of the modern languages given below.
词汇学练习试题
1.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. A. Semantics B. Linguistics C. Etymology D. Stylistics 2.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effects A. situation B. context C. time D. place 3.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference. A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic 4. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings. A. new B. old C. bad D. good 5The Normans invaded England from France in 1066. The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of ______ words into English. A. French B. Greek C. Roman D. Latin 6Greek is the modern language derived from _______. A. Latin B. Hellenic C. Indian D . Germanic 7The prefixes in the words of ir resistible, non classical and a political are called _______. A.reversative prefixes B. negative prefixes C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes 8The prefixes contained in the following words are called ______: pseudo-friend, mal practice, mis trust. A. reversative prefixed B. negative prefixes C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes 9The prefixed contained in un wrap, de-compose and dis allow are _________. A. reversative prefixed B. negative prefixes C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes 10The prefixes in words extra-strong, overweight and arch bishop are _____ . A . negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes 11The prefixes in words bi lingual ,uni form and hemis phere are ________. A. number prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes 12.________ are contained in words trans-world, intra-party and fore head. A.Prefixes of orientation and attitude B. Prefixes of time and order C. Locative prefixes D. Prefixes of degree or size 13. Omega,Xerox and orlon are words from _________. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0a17077512.html,s of books B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames 14.Ex-student, fore tell and post-election contain________. A.negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. prefixes of time and order D. locative prefixes 15Mackintosh, bloomers and cherub are from _______ A. names of books B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames 16The prefixes in words new-Nazi, autobiography and pan-European are ________. B.negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. prefixes of time and order D. miscellaneous prefixes 17The prefixes in words anti-government , pro student and contra flow are _____-. C.prefixes of degree or size B. prefixes of orientation and attitude C. prefixes of time and order D. miscellaneous prefixes 18Utopia ,odyssey and Babbit are words from ________. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0a17077512.html,s of books B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames 19The suffixes in words clockwise, homewards are ______.
大学英语词汇学期末考试 重点复习资料整理 权威版 后附试题
2012词汇学复习资料 The development of the English Vocabulary 1.Indo-European Language Family The Indo-European Language Family is considered as one of the most important language families. It includes most languages of Europe, the Near East, and India. Those languages, which are believed to have originated from this language family and developed alone different lines, show various degrees of similarity to one another. They fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped into an Eastern Set东部诸语族: Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语, Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语族, Armenian 亚美尼亚语族and Albanian阿尔巴尼亚语族; a Western Set: 西部诸语族Celtic凯尔特语族, Italic 意大利语族, Hellenic希腊语族, Germanic日尔曼语族. All the languages in both sets shed some influence on English to a greater or lesser extent because each has lent words into the English vocabulary. Prussian普鲁士语 Lithuanian立陶宛语 Polish波兰语 Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语Czech捷克斯洛伐克语 Bulgarian保加利亚语 Slovenian斯洛文尼亚语 Russian Albanian阿尔巴尼亚 Persian波斯语 Hindi北印度语 Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语系Bengali孟加拉语 Romany，吉卜赛语 Armenian亚美尼亚语 Portuguese Spanish Italic意大利语族Italian Roumanian罗马尼亚语 French Indo-European Language Family Irish Celtic凯尔特语Breton Scottish Norwegian挪威语 Icelandic，冰岛语 Danish丹麦语 Germanic Swedish瑞典语 日尔曼语言English Dutch Flemish German Hellenic，古希腊语- Greek
英语词汇学试题
英语词汇学试题 Introduction and Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1） I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. 1.Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct. A. word B. form C. morpheme D. root is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. A. Semantics B. Linguistics C. Etymology D. Stylistics English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes. A. Greek B. Roman C. Italian D. Germanic 4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc. A. linguistic B. grammatical C. arbitrary D. semantic is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effects A. situation B. context C. time D. place shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference. A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic 7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas. A. technical B. artistic C. different D. academic 8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves. A. Slang B. Jargon C. Dialectal words D. Argot
(完整版)英语词汇学英语词汇学习题3及答案
试题三 第一部分选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%) 1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into ( ) A. perfect homonyms B. homonyms C. homophones D. all the above 2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example ( ) A. ad for “advertisement” B. dish for “food" C. fond for “affectionate” D. an editorial for “an editorial article" 3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over ( ) A. the reader’s interpretation B. the neighbouring words C. the writer's intention D. the etymology of the word 4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order? A. extra- B. pro- C. re- D. semi- 5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary? A. The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology B. Chamber's Encyclopedic English Dictionary C. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs D. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms 6.Which of the following statements is Not true? A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world. B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary. C. Concept is universal to all men alike. D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language. 7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form ( ) A. physical context B. grammatical context C. lexical context D. linguistic context 8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is ( ) A. definition B. explanation C. example D. hyponym 9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that ( ) A. it can refer to the common core of a language B. it can refer to the total number of the words in a language C. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical period D. it can stand for words in given dialect or field 10.The idiom "a dark horse" is a ( ) A. simile B. metaphor
词汇辨析的经典测试题
一、选择题 1．—What do you think of the performance today? —Great! ________ but a musical genius could perform so successfully. A．All B．None C．Anybody D．Everybody 2．—Jerry looks so tired. He works too hard. —He has to ________ a family of four on his own. A．offer B．support C．provide D．remain 3．In modern life, shopping online is________ used by many people, especially for teenagers. A．exactly B．badly C．heavily D．widely 4．I once worked for a travel magazine for one year and the ________ helped me get a job as a reporter. A．experiment B．information C．experience D．instruction 5．—Oh, my God! I have ________ five pounds after the Spring Festival. —All of the girls want to lose weight, but easier said than done. A．given up B．put on C．got on D．grown up 6．— Sorry, I can't afford to go abroad. — What about having a country travel with a little________ price? A．cheaper B．higher C．lower D．less 7．People who always do sports are in spirits than those who don't. A．high B．higher C．tall D．taller 8．You should be careful to pay over the Internet, ________it’s not always safe. A．so B．because C．after D．as soon as 9．Kangkang usually does her homework ________ it is very late at night. A．until B．when C．before D．after 10．— Is your home close to the school, Tom? — No, it's a long way, but I am________ late for school because I get up early daily. A．always B．usually C．never D．sometimes 11．We 'll have a trip to America ______ February. A．of B．at C．on D．in 12．一Where is Mr. Brown? 一I think he's _____________ the music hall. A．on B．in C．over D．from 13．He wrote his phone number ________ a piece paper. A．on B．for C．in D．from 14．You can’t ___ how I missed my mother at that time. A．offer B．provide C．imagine D．dream 15．In 2018, trade between China and Hungary rose by 7.5 percent, and recently on Friday companies from China and Hungary________ several cooperation (合作) agreements under the
《英语词汇学》期末考试试卷附答案
《英语词汇学》期末考试试卷附答案 I.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers．Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket．(45％) 1．There are two approaches to the study of polysemy．They are_____. A．primary and secondary B．Central and peripheral C．diachronic and synchronic D．Formal and functional 2．Which of the following is NOT a stylistic feature of idioms? A．Colloquial B．Slang C．Negative D．Literary 3．Synonyms can be classified into two major groups，that is：_____. A．absolute and relative B．Absolute and complete C．relative and near D．Complete and identical 4．In the early period of Middle English，English，____existed side by side， A．Celtic and Danish B．Danish and French C．Latin and Celtic D．French and Latin 5． A monomorphemic word is a word that consists of a single_______morpheme． A．formal B．Concrete C．free D．bound 6．Which of the following groups of words is NOT onomatopoeically motivated? A，croak，drum B．squeak，bleat C．buzz，neigh D．bang，trumpet 7．LDCE is distinctive for its____. A．Clear grammar codes B．usage notes C．language notes D．all of the above 8．From the historical point of view, English is more closely related to A．German B．French C．Scotttish D．Irish 9．Which of the following is NOT an acronym? A．TOEFL B．ODYSSEY C．BASIC D．CCTV 10. In the course book，the author lists____types of context clues for inferring word meaning． A．eight B．Six C．seven D．five 11．Sources of homonyms include____. A．changes in sound and spelling B．borrowing C．shortening D．all of the above
英语词汇学习题集
英语词汇学习题集 Chapter I A General Survey of English Vocabulary 1. Which of the following is NOT correct? _________ A. A word is a meaningful group of letters. B. A word is a unit of meaning. C. A word is a sound or combination of sounds. D. A word is a form that cannot function alone in a sentence. 3. After the invading Germanic tribes settled down in Britain, their language almost totally blotted out ______. A. Old English B. Middle English C. Anglo-Saxon D. Celtic 4. In the early period of Middle English, English, ______ existed side by side. A. Celtic and Danish B. Danish and French C. Latin and Celtic D. French and Latin 9. Both English and ______ belong to the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family. A. Celtic B. Dansih C. French D. Scottish 12. Words can be classified according to the following criteria EXCEPT _________. A. notion B. use frequency C. foundation D. origin 7. Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of new words?（） A. The rapid development of modern science and technology. B. Geographical and political changes. C. The influence of other cultures and languages. D. Social and economic changes. 6. The major factors that promote the growth of modern English are ______. A. the growth of science and technology B. economic and political changes C. the influence of other cultures and languages D. all the above 7. Since the beginning of this century, ______ has become even more important for the expansion of English vocabulary. A. word-formation B. borrowing C. semantic change D. both B and C 9. The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that ( )