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上海英文报暑假作业高中进阶版第二套(语法填空 词汇 完形)适合高二升高三基础中等的学生(金山中心)

Shanghai Students’ Post

语法&词汇&完形填空第二套

Grammar

Direction s: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

(A)

'Password' is no longer the worst password on the internet, researchers have discovered. However, they warn the new 'worst password', 123456, is just as insecure.

A team at SplashData (1)_____security firm, analysed millions of stolen passwords posted online in 2013 to compile their annual list of the worst. 'For the first time (2)_____ SplashData began compiling its annual list, 'password' has lost its title as the most common and therefore Worst Password, and two-time runner-up "123456" took the dubious honor,' the security firm said. However, 'password' only (3)_____(fall) to number two on the list. Other passwords in the Top Ten include 'qwerty,' 'abc123,' '111111,' and 'iloveyou.'

'Another interesting aspect of this year's list is that more short numerical passwords showed up even though websites are starting to enforce(4)_____(strong) password policies,' Slain said.

For example, new to this year's list are simple and easily guessable passwords like The firm said it publishes the list annually to try and get people (5)_______(change) their passwords to more secure phrases.

'As always, we hope that with more publicity about (6)_______ risky it is to use weak passwords, more people will start taking simple steps to protect (7)________ by using stronger passwords and using different passwords for different websites,' the firm said.

The company advises consumers or businesses (8)________(use) any of the passwords on the list to change them immediately.

(B)

People living in Finland commonly speak three to five languages, and nearly every Finn can speak English without any problems. But why are Finns so good at learning foreign languages?

Researchers have recently found that Finland’ s peculiar custom of early music training(9)____ even babies and toddlers(学步儿童) learn core music skills through songs and games(10)_____ influence Finns’ strong language capacity because music training boosts all the language-related networks in the brain.

(11)_____ ______ their studies, just one hour a week of learning music is enough for children to exhibit a higher ability to learn both the grammar and the pronunciation of foreign languages, compared to their classmates(12)______had learned a different extracurricular activity.

When children start studying music before the age of seven, they develop bigger vocabularies, a better sense of grammar and a higher IQ. (13)____advantages benegit both the development of their mother tongue and the learning of foreign languages.Music training(14)______(start)during this period also boosts the brain’s ability to subtle differences between sounds and assist

(15)_____ the pronunciation of languages. And this gift lasts for life, as it(16)_____(find) that adults who had musical training in childhood still retain this ability to learn foreign languages quicker and more efficiently than adults who did not have early childhood music training.

Vocabulary

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. immediate

B. control

C. contributing

D. balance

E. similar

F. original

G. protective

H. physically

I. ancestor

J. driving

K. evolved

Frightening situation can cause a reaction that energizes the system and train people to beware of actual threats, according to research.

People think being afraid is a bad thing, but the reason we__1___ to be afraid is that the world is so dangerous that we have formed very powerful systems that automatically force us to do our natural__2___behavior,” says Michael Fanselow, a UCLA behavioral neuroscientist(行为神经学家)。

Some fears are learned; others are embedded(嵌入) in our DNA. Even our tiny-brained

__3___understood that snakes, blood and heights were unsafe. And the rear made__4___ responses, Fanselow says.

The neuroscientist suggests that, like the __5____Grimm’s Fairy Tales, scary films teach us to beware of actual threats. “Watching horror movies can teach you how to face and deal with your fears when you have more__6____and your automatic fear responses are still strong, “Fanselow says. “if you know you’re going into a dangerous environment, it’s good to have a lot of training and experiences that are___7___.

A major brain area___8____the fear response is the amygadla(杏仁体).Risk-taking happens in teenage years and early adulthood, when people have to face dealing with dangers on their own. The brain changes___9___when we learn , and young adulthood is when the parts of our brain that provoke and control our fears need experiences in order to learn and come into __10___, Fanselow explains.

Cloze

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Should museums be free?

That’s the question some in the cultural travel community are asking following news of a class action lawsuit filed in early March ___1____ one of the world’s most prestigious, expensive and visited museums.

New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Art is accused of deceptive ____2___practices, according to a suit filed by attorney Arnold Weiss on behalf of three museum visitors. The lawsuit charges that the museum leads people to believe the $25 fee is __3_____rather than merely recommended, and seeks compensation for all visitors who paid the full price via credit card over the last few years.

The Met attracts some six million visitors per year, all of whom encounter a sign at the

entrance__4_____the museum’s $25 adult admission fee. In smaller type just below is the word “recommended”. As a result, some 40% of Met visitors pay the full ticket price___5___noticing it. The Met has countered that its policy has been in place for more than 40 years.

The suit raises questions about the pricing of museums across the US, ___6______ from free to a recommended fee to mandatory ticket fee. This is ____7_____ some countries, like the UK, where all national museums are free.

A survey of 30 top US museums by The Art Newspaper found that the root of the __8_____ lies in a philosophical divide. In one camp are museums focused on generating revenue, while the other camp believes museums should be free community____9_____.

According to the _____10___ “museums in major cities – especially those that ___11____ tourists – by and large charge for entry. Their counterparts in areas with___12____ international tourists or which rely on local visitors are more likely to be free because they need those visitors to ____13_____”

If more museums were to adopt free admission policies, support mechanisms would need to be

__14_______. Among them would be strong government grant programmes for the arts, more private ___15_____and a revived culture of philanthropy, whereby members of the public participate in membership programs to support cultural institutions.

What do you think? Should museums be free for all? Let us know on ourFacebook page.

1. A. with B. to C. against D. for

2. A. visiting B. ticketing C. displaying D. recommending

3. A. prohibited B. forced C. voluntary D. required

4. A. charging B. informing C. reading D. writing

5. A. after B. before C. without D. while

6. A. ranging B. varying C. starting D. moving

7. A. different from B. keeping pace with

C.in contrast to

D. lagging behind

8. A. question B. lawsuit C. disagreement D. debate

9. A. treasures B. recourses C. facilities D. services

10A.legend B. media C. survey D. research

11 A. attract B. welcome C. withdraw D. delight

12A. increasing B. decreasing C. more D. fewer

13.A. pay B. return C. comment D. support

14. A. in time B. in need C. in place D. in order

15.A. contribution B. commitment C. fund D. donations

参考答案

Grammar

1.a;

2. since;

3. fell;

4. stronger;

5. to change;

6. how;

7. themselves;

8. using;

9. where; 10.

may/might; 11. According to; 12. who; 13. These; 14. started; 15. in; 16. has been found Vocabualry: 1-5 KGIAF; 6-10 BEJHD

Cloze: 1-5 CBDBC 6-10 ACDBC 11-15 ADBCD

下午13:00—17:00

B.实行不定时工作制的员工,在保证完成甲方工作任务情况下,经公司同意,可自行安排工作和休息时间。

3.1.2打卡制度

3.1.2.1公司实行上、下班指纹录入打卡制度。全体员工都必须自觉遵守工作时间,实行不定时工作制的员工不必打卡。

3.1.2.2打卡次数:一日两次,即早上上班打卡一次,下午下班打卡一次。

3.1.2.3打卡时间:打卡时间为上班到岗时间和下班离岗时间;

3.1.2.4因公外出不能打卡:因公外出不能打卡应填写《外勤登记表》,注明外出日期、事由、外勤起止时间。因公外出需事先申请,如因特殊情况不能事先申请,应在事毕到岗当日完成申请、审批手续,否则按旷工处理。因停电、卡钟(工卡)故障未打卡的员工,上班前、下班后要及时到部门考勤员处填写《未打卡补签申请表》,由直接主管签字证明当日的出勤状况,报部门经理、人力资源部批准后,月底由部门考勤员据此上报考勤。上述情况考勤由各部门或分公司和项目文员协助人力资源部进行管理。

3.1.2.5手工考勤制度

3.1.2.6手工考勤制申请:由于工作性质,员工无法正常打卡(如外围人员、出差),可由各部门提出人员名单,经主管副总批准后,报人力资源部审批备案。

3.1.2.7参与手工考勤的员工,需由其主管部门的部门考勤员(文员)或部门指定人员进行考勤管理,并于每月26日前向人力资源部递交考勤报表。

3.1.2.8参与手工考勤的员工如有请假情况发生,应遵守相关请、休假制度,如实填报相关表单。

3.1.2.9 外派员工在外派工作期间的考勤,需在外派公司打卡记录;如遇中途出差,持出差证明,出差期间的考勤在出差地所在公司打卡记录;

3.2加班管理

3.2.1定义

加班是指员工在节假日或公司规定的休息日仍照常工作的情况。

A.现场管理人员和劳务人员的加班应严格控制,各部门应按月工时标准,合理安排工作班次。部门经理要严格审批员工排班表,保证员工有效工时达到要求。凡是达到月工时标准的,应扣减员工本人的存休或工资;对超出月工时标准的,应说明理由,报主管副总和人力资源部审批。

B.因员工月薪工资中的补贴已包括延时工作补贴,所以延时工作在4小时(不含)以下的,不再另计加班工资。因工作需要,一般员工延时工作4小时至8小时可申报加班半天,超过8小时可申报加班1天。对主管(含)以上管理人员,一般情况下延时工作不计加班,因特殊情况经总经理以上领导批准的延时工作,可按以上标准计加班。

3.2.2.2员工加班应提前申请,事先填写《加班申请表》,因无法确定加班工时的,应在本次加班完成后3个工作日内补填《加班申请表》。《加班申请表》经部门经理同意,主管副总经理审核报总经理批准后有效。《加班申请表》必须事前当月内上报有效,如遇特殊情况,也必须在一周内上报至总经理批准。如未履行上述程序,视为乙方自愿加班。

3.2.2.3员工加班,也应按规定打卡,没有打卡记录的加班,公司不予承认;有打卡记录但无公司总经理批准的加班,公司不予承认加班。

3.2.2.4原则上,参加公司组织的各种培训、集体活动不计加班。

3.2.2.5加班工资的补偿:员工在排班休息日的加班,可以以倒休形式安排补休。原则上,员工加班以倒休形式补休的,公司将根据工作需要统一安排在春节前后补休。加班可按1:1的比例冲抵病、事假。

3.2.3加班的申请、审批、确认流程

3.2.3.1《加班申请表》在各部门文员处领取,加班统计周期为上月26日至本月25日。

3.2.3.2员工加班也要按规定打卡,没有打卡记录的加班,公司不予承认。各部门的考勤员(文员)负责《加班申请表》的保管及加班申报。员工加班应提前申请,事先填写《加班申请表》加班前到部门考勤员(文员)处领取《加班申请表》,《加班申请表》经项目管理中心或部门经理同意,主管副总审核,总经理签字批准后有效。填写并履行完审批手续后交由部门考勤员(文员)保管。

3.2.3.3部门考勤员(文员)负责检查、复核确认考勤记录的真实有效性并在每月27日汇总交人力资源部,逾期未交的加班记录公司不予承认。

下午13:00—17:00

B.实行不定时工作制的员工,在保证完成甲方工作任务情况下,经公司同意,可自行安排工作和休息时间。

3.1.2打卡制度

3.1.2.1公司实行上、下班指纹录入打卡制度。全体员工都必须自觉遵守工作时间,实行不定时工作制的员工不必打卡。

3.1.2.2打卡次数:一日两次,即早上上班打卡一次,下午下班打卡一次。

3.1.2.3打卡时间:打卡时间为上班到岗时间和下班离岗时间;

3.1.2.4因公外出不能打卡:因公外出不能打卡应填写《外勤登记表》,注明外出日期、事由、外勤起止时间。因公外出需事先申请,如因特殊情况不能事先申请,应在事毕到岗当日完成申请、审批手续,否则按旷工处理。因停电、卡钟(工卡)故障未打卡的员工,上班前、下班后要及时到部门考勤员处填写《未打卡补签申请表》,由直接主管签字证明当日的出勤状况,报部门经理、人力资源部批准后,月底由部门考勤员据此上报考勤。上述情况考勤由各部门或分公司和项目文员协助人力资源部进行管理。

3.1.2.5手工考勤制度

3.1.2.6手工考勤制申请:由于工作性质,员工无法正常打卡(如外围人员、出差),可由各部门提出人员名单,经主管副总批准后,报人力资源部审批备案。

3.1.2.7参与手工考勤的员工,需由其主管部门的部门考勤员(文员)或部门指定人员进行考勤管理,并于每月26日前向人力资源部递交考勤报表。

3.1.2.8参与手工考勤的员工如有请假情况发生,应遵守相关请、休假制度,如实填报相关表单。

3.1.2.9 外派员工在外派工作期间的考勤,需在外派公司打卡记录;如遇中途出差,持出差证明,出差期间的考勤在出差地所在公司打卡记录;

3.2加班管理

3.2.1定义

加班是指员工在节假日或公司规定的休息日仍照常工作的情况。

A.现场管理人员和劳务人员的加班应严格控制,各部门应按月工时标准,合理安排工作班次。部门经理要严格审批员工排班表,保证员工有效工时达到要求。凡是达到月工时标准的,应扣减员工本人的存休或工资;对超出月工时标准的,应说明理由,报主管副总和人力资源部审批。

B.因员工月薪工资中的补贴已包括延时工作补贴,所以延时工作在4小时(不含)以下的,不再另计加班工资。因工作需要,一般员工延时工作4小时至8小时可申报加班半天,超过8小时可申报加班1天。对主管(含)以上管理人员,一般情况下延时工作不计加班,因特殊情况经总经理以上领导批准的延时工作,可按以上标准计加班。

3.2.2.2员工加班应提前申请,事先填写《加班申请表》,因无法确定加班工时的,应在本次加班完成后3个工作日内补填《加班申请表》。《加班申请表》经部门经理同意,主管副总经理审核报总经理批准后有效。《加班申请表》必须事前当月内上报有效,如遇特殊情况,也必须在一周内上报至总经理批准。如未履行上述程序,视为乙方自愿加班。

3.2.2.3员工加班,也应按规定打卡,没有打卡记录的加班,公司不予承认;有打卡记录但无公司总经理批准的加班,公司不予承认加班。

3.2.2.4原则上,参加公司组织的各种培训、集体活动不计加班。

3.2.2.5加班工资的补偿:员工在排班休息日的加班,可以以倒休形式安排补休。原则上,员工加班以倒休形式补休的,公司将根据工作需要统一安排在春节前后补休。加班可按1:1的比例冲抵病、事假。

3.2.3加班的申请、审批、确认流程

3.2.3.1《加班申请表》在各部门文员处领取,加班统计周期为上月26日至本月25日。

3.2.3.2员工加班也要按规定打卡,没有打卡记录的加班,公司不予承认。各部门的考勤员(文员)负责《加班申请表》的保管及加班申报。员工加班应提前申请,事先填写《加班申请表》加班前到部门考勤员(文员)处领取《加班申请表》,《加班申请表》经项目管理中心或部门经理同意,主管副总审核,总经理签字批准后有效。填写并履行完审批手续后交由部门考勤员(文员)保管。

3.2.3.3部门考勤员(文员)负责检查、复核确认考勤记录的真实有效性并在每月27日汇总交人力资源部,逾期未交的加班记录公司不予承认。

下午13:00—17:00

度。全体员工都必须自觉遵守工作时间,实行不定时工作制的员工不必打卡。

3.1.2.2打卡次数:一日两次,即早上上班打卡一次,下午下班打卡一次。

3.1.2.3打卡时间:打卡时间为上班到岗时间和下班离岗时间;

3.1.2.4因公外出不能打卡:因公外出不能打卡应填写《外勤登记表》,注明外出日期、事由、外勤起止时间。因公外出需事先申请,如因特殊情况不能事先申请,应在事毕到岗当日完成申请、审批手续,否则按旷工处理。因停电、卡钟(工卡)故障未打卡的员工,上班前、下班后要及时到部门考勤员处填写《未打卡补签申请表》,由直接主管签字证明当日的出勤状况,报部门经理、人力资源部批准后,月底由部门考勤员据此上报考勤。上述情况考勤由各部门或分公司和项目文员协助人力资源部进行管理。

3.1.2.5手工考勤制度

3.1.2.6手工考勤制申请:由于工作性质,员工无法正常打卡(如外围人员、出差),可由各部门提出人员名单,经主管副总批准后,报人力资源部审批备案。

3.1.2.7参与手工考勤的员工,需由其主管部门的部门考勤员(文员)或部门指定人员进行考勤管理,并于每月26日前向人力资源部递交考勤报表。

3.1.2.8参与手工考勤的员工如有请假情况发生,应遵守相关请、休假制度,如实填报相关表单。

3.1.2.9 外派员工在外派工作期间的考勤,需在外派公司打卡记录;如遇中途出差,持出差证明,出差期间的考勤在出差地所在公司打卡记录;

3.2加班管理

3.2.1定义

加班是指员工在节假日或公司规定的休息日仍照常工作的情况。

A.现场管理人员和劳务人员的加班应严格控制,各部门应按月工时标准,合理安排工作班次。部门经理要严格审批员工排班表,保证员工有效工时达到要求。凡是达到月工时标准的,应扣减员工本人的存休或工资;对超出月工时标准的,应说明理由,报主管副总和人力资源部审批。

B.因员工月薪工资中的补贴已包括延时工作补贴,所以延时工作在4小时(不含)以下的,不再另计加班工资。因工作需要,一般员工延时工作4小时至8小时可申报加班半天,超过8小时可申报加班1天。对主管(含)以上管理人员,一般情况下延时工作不计加班,因特殊情况经总经理以上领导批准的延时工作,可按以上标准计加班。

3.2.2.2员工加班应提前申请,事先填写《加班申请表》,因无法确定加班工时的,应在本次加班完成后3个工作日内补填《加班申请表》。《加班申请表》经部门经理同意,主管副总经理审核报总经理批准后有效。《加班申请表》必须事前当月内上报有效,如遇特殊情况,也必须在一周内上报至总经理批准。如未履行上述程序,视为乙方自愿加班。

3.2.2.3员工加班,也应按规定打卡,没有打卡记录的加班,公司不予承认;有打卡记录但无公司总经理批准的加班,公司不予承认加班。

3.2.2.4原则上,参加公司组织的各种培训、集体活动不计加班。

3.2.2.5加班工资的补偿:员工在排班休息日的加班,可以以倒休形式安排补休。原则上,员工加班以倒休形式补休的,公司将根据工作需要统一安排在春节前后补休。加班可按1:1的比例冲抵病、事假。

3.2.3加班的申请、审批、确认流程

3.2.3.1《加班申请表》在各部门文员处领取,加班统计周期为上月26日至本月25日。

3.2.3.2员工加班也要按规定打卡,没有打卡记录的加班,公司不予承认。各部门的考勤员(文员)负责《加班申请表》的保管及加班申报。员工加班应提前申请,事先填写《加班申请表》加班前到部门考勤员(文员)处领取《加班申请表》,《加班申请表》经项目管理中心或部门经理同意,主管副总审核,总经理签字批准后有效。填写并履行完审批手续后交由部门考勤员(文员)保管。

3.2.3.3部门考勤员(文员)负责检查、复核确认考勤记录的真实有效性并在每月27日汇总交人力资源部,逾期未交的加班记录公司不予承认。

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