2013.12英语六级真题 三套 无听力 打印版

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第1套）

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on happiness by referring to the saying“Happiness is not the absence of problems, but the ability to deal with them.”You can cite examples to illustrate your point and then explain how you can develop your ability to deal with problems and be happy. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

Some performance evaluations require supervisors to take action. Employees who receive a very favorable evaluation may deserve some type of recognition or even a promotion. If supervisors do not acknowledge such outstanding performance, employees may either lose their36 and reduce their effort or search for a new job at a firm that will37 them for high performance. Supervisors should acknowledge high performance so that the employee will continue to perform well in the future.

Employees who receive unfavorable evaluations must also be given attention. Supervisors must 38 the reasons for poor performance. Some reasons, such as a family illness, may have a temporary adverse 39 on performance and can be corrected. Other reasons, such as a bad attitude, may not be temporary. When supervisors give employees an unfavorable evaluation, they must decide whether to take any 40 actions. If the employees were unaware of their own deficiencies, the unfavorable evaluation can pinpoint(指出) the deficiencies that employees must correct. In this case, the supervisor may simply need to monitor the employees 41 and ensure that the deficiencies are corrected.

If the employees were already aware of their deficiencies before the evaluation period, however, they may be unable or unwilling to correct them. This situation is more serious, and the supervisor may need to take action. The action should be 42 with the firm?s guidelines and may include reassigning the employees to new jobs, 43 them temporarily, or firing them. A supervisor?s action toward a poorly performing worker can 44 the attitudes of other employees. If no 45 isimposed on an employee for poor performance, other employees may react by reducing their productivity as well.

注意：此部分题请在答题卡2上作答。

Section B

Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

The College Essay: Why Those 500 Words Drive Us Crazy

A) Meg is a lawyer-mom in suburban Washington, D.C., where lawyer-moms are thick on the

ground. Her son Doug is one of several hundred thousand high-school seniors who had a painful fall. The deadline for applying to his favorite college was Nov. 1,and by early October he had yet to fill out the application. More to the point, he had yet to settle on a subject for the personal essay accompanying the application. According to college folklore, a well-turned essay has the power to seduce (诱惑) an admissions committee. “He wanted to do one thing at

a time,”Meg says, explaining her son?s delay. “But really, my son is a huge procrastinator (拖

延者). The essay is the hardest thing to do, so he?s put it off the longest.” Friends and other veterans of the process have warned Meg that the back and forth between editing parent and writing student can be traumatic (痛苦的).

B) Back in the good old days—say, two years ago, when the last of my children suffered the

ordeal (折磨)—a high-school student applying to college could procrastinate all the way to New Year?s Day of their senior year, assuming they could withstand the parental pestering (烦扰).But things change fast in the nail-biting world of college admissions.The recent trend toward early decision and early action among selective colleges and universities has pushed the traditional deadline of January up to Nov. 1 or early December for many students.

C) If the time for heel-dragging has been shortened, the true source of the anxiety and panic

remains what it has always been. And it?s not the application itself. A college application is a relatively straightforward questionnaire asking for the basics: name, address, family history employment history. It would all be innocent enough—20 minutes of busy work—except it comes attached to a personal essay.

D) “There are good reasons it causes such anxiety,” says Lisa Sohmer, director of college

counseling at the Ga rden School in Jackson Heights, N.Y. “It?s not just the actual writing. By noweverything else is already set. Your course load is set, your grades are set, your test scores are set. But the essay is something you can still control, and it?s open-ended. So the temptation is to write and rewrite and rewrite.” Or stall and stall and stall.

E) The application essay, along with its mythical importance, is a recent invention. In the

1930s,when only one in 10 Americans had a degree from a four-year college, an

admissionscommit tee was content to ask for a sample of applicants? school papers to assess their writing ability. By the 1950s, most schools required a brief personal statement of why the student had chosen to apply to one school over another.

F) Today nearly 70 percent of graduating seniors go off to college, including two-year and

four-year institutions. Even apart from the increased competition, the kids enter a process that has been utterly transformed from the one baby boomers knew. Nearly all application materials are submitted online, and the Common Application provides a one-size-fits form accepted by more than 400 schools, including the nation?s most selective.

G) Those schools usually require essays of their own, but the longest essay, 500 words maximum,

is generally attached to the Common Application. Students choose one of six questions.

Applicants are asked to describe an ethical dilemma they?ve faced and its impact on them, or discuss a public issue of special concern to them, or tell of a fictional character or creative work that has profoundly influenced them. Another question invites them to write about the importance (to them, again) of diversity―a word that has assumed magic power in American higher education. The most popular option: write on a topic of your choice.

H) “Boys in particular look at the other questions and say, …Oh, that?s too much work,?” says John

Boshoven, a counselor in the Ann Arbor, Mich., public schools. “They think if they do a topic of their choice, “I?ll just go get that history paper I did last year on the Roman Empire and turn it into a first-person application essay!? And they end up producing something utterly ridiculous.”

I) Talking to admissions professionals like Boshoven, you realize that the list of “don?ts” in essay

writing is much longer than the “dos.”“No book reports, no history papers, no character studies,”says Sohmer.

J) “It drives you cra zy, how easily kids slip into clichés(老生常谈),”says Boshoven. “They don?t realize how typical their experiences arc. …I scored the winning goal in soccer against our arch-rival.?…My grandfather served in World War II, and I hope to be just like him someday.?That may mean a lot to that particular kid. But in the world of the application essay, it?s nothing. You?ll lose the reader in the first paragraph.”

K) “The greatest strength you bring to this essay,” says the College Board?s how-to book, “is 17 years or so of familiarity with the topic: YOU. The form and style are very familiar, and best of all, you are the world-class expert on the subject of YOU ... It has been the subject of your close scrutiny every morning since you were tall enough to see into the b athroom mirror.”

Thekey word in the Common Application prompts is “you.”

L) The college admission essay contains the grandest American themes―status anxiety, parental piety (孝顺), intellectual standards—and so it is only a matter of time before it becomes

i nfected by the country?s culture of excessive concern with self-esteem. Even if the question

is ostensibly (表面上) about something outside the self (describe a fictional character or solve a problem of geopolitics), the essay invariably returns to the favorite topic: what is its impact on YOU?

M)“For all the anxiety the essay causes,” says Bill McClintick of Mercersburg Academy in Pennsylvania, “it?s a very small piece of the puzzle. I was in college admissions for 10 years. I saw kids and parents beat themselves up over this. And at the vast majority of places, it is simply not a big variable in the college?s decision-making process.”

N) Many admissions officers say they spend less than a couple of minutes on each application, including the essay. According to a recent survey of admissions officers, only one in four private colleges say the essay is of “considerable importance” in judging an application.

Among public colleges and universities, the number drops to roughly one in 10. By contrast,

86 percent place “considerable importance” on an applicant?s grades, 70 percent on “strength

of curriculum.”

O) Still, at the most selective schools, where thousands of candidates may submit identically high grades and test scores, a marginal item like the essay may serve as a tie-breaker between two equally qualified candidates. The thought is certainly enough to keep the pot boiling under parents like Meg, the lawyer-mom, as she tries to help her son choose an essay topic. For a moment the other day, she thought she migh t have hit on a good one. “His father?s from France,” she says. “I said maybe you could write about that, as something that makes you different. You know: half French, half American. I said, …You could write about your identity issues.?He said, …I don?t h ave any identity issues!?And he?s right. He?s a well-adjusted, normal kid. But that doesn?t make for a good essay, does it?”

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

46. Today many universities require their applicants to write an essay of up to five hundred words.

47. One recent change in college admissions is that selective colleges and universities have

movedthe traditional deadline to earlier dates.

48. Applicants and their parents are said to believe that the personal essay can sway the

admissions committee.

49. Applicants are usually better off if they can write an essay that distinguishes them from the

rest.

50. Not only is the competition getting more intense, the application process today is also totally

different from what baby boomers knew.

51. In writing about their own experiences many applicants slip into clichés, thus failing to engage

the reader.

52. According to a recent survey, most public colleges and universities consider an applicant?s

grades highly important.

53. Although the application essay causes lots of anxiety, it does not play so important a role in

the college?sdecision-making process.

54. The question you aresupposed to write about may seem outside the self, but the theme of the

essay should center around its impact on you.

55. In the old days, applicants only had to submit a sample of their school papers to show their

writing ability.

Section C

Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

Among the government?s most interesting reports is one that estimates what parents spend on their children. Not surprisingly, the costs are steep. For a middle-class, husband-and-wife family (average pretax income in 2009: $76,250), spending per child is about $12,000 a year. With in flation the family?s spending on a child will total $286,050 by age 17.

The dry statistics ought to inform the ongoing deficit debate, because a budget is not just a catalog of programs and taxes. It reflects a society?s priorities and values. Our society does not—despite rhetoric(说辞) to the contrary—put much value on raising children. Present budget policies tax parents heavily to support the elderly. Meanwhile, tax breaks for children are modest. If deficit reduction aggravates these biases, more Americans may choose not to have children or to have fewer children. Down that path lies economic decline.

Societies that cannot replace their populations discourage investment and innovation. They have stagnant (萧条的) or shrinking markets for goods and services. With older populations, theyresist change. To stabilize its population—discounting immigration—women must have an average of two children. That?s a fertility rate of 2.0.Many countries with struggling economies are well below that.

Though having a child is a deeply personal decision, it?s shaped by culture, religion, economics, and government policy. “No one has a good answer” asto why fertility varies among countries, says sociologist Andrew Cherlin of The Johns Hopkins University. Eroding religious belief in Europe may partly explain lowered birthrates. In Japan young women may be rebelling against their mothers? isolated lives of child rearing. General optimism and pessimism count. Hopefulness fueled America?s baby boom. After the Soviet Union?s collapse, says Cherlin, “anxiety for the future” depressed birthrates in Russiaand Eastern Europe.

In poor societies, people have children to improve their economic well-being by increasing the number of family workers and providing supports for parents in their old age. In wealthy societies, the logic often reverses. Government now supports the elderly, diminishing the need for children. By some studies, the safety nets for retirees have reduced fertility rates by 0.5 children in the United States and almost 1.0 in Western Europe, reports economist Robert Stein in the journal National Affairs. Similarly, some couples don?t have children because they don?t want to sacrifice their own lifestyles to the lime and expense of a family.

Young Americans already face a bleak labor market that cannot instill (注入) confidence about having children. Piling on higher t axes won?t help, “If higher taxes make it more expensive to raise children,” says Nicholas Eberstadt of the American Enterprise Institute, “people will think twice about having another child.” Tha t seems like common sense, despite the multiple influences on becoming parents.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

56. What do we learn from the government report?

A) Inflation increases families? expenses.

B) Raising children is getting expensive.

C) Budget reduction in around the corner.

D) Average family expenditure is increasing.

57. What is said to be the consequence of a shrinking population?

A) Weakened national strength. C) Economic downturn.

B) Increased immigration. D) Social instability.

58. What accounted for America?s baby boom?

A) Optimism for the future. C) Religious beliefs.

B) Improved living conditions. D) Economic prosperity.

59. Why do people in wealthy countries prefer to have fewer children?

A) They want to further improve their economic well-being.

B) They cannot afford the time and expenses of rearing children.

C) They are concerned about the future of the coming generation.

D) They don?t rely on their children to support them in old age.

60. What is the author?s purpose in writing the passage?

A) To instill confidence in the young about raising children.

B) To advise couples to think twice before having children.

C) To encourage the young to take care of the elderly.

D) To appeal for tax reduction for raising children.

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

Space exploration has always been the province of dreamers: The human imagination readily soars where human ingenuity (创造力)struggles to follow. A Voyage to the Moon,often cited as the first science fiction story, was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649. Cyrano was dead and buried for a good three centuries before the first manned rockets started to fly.

In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America would send a man to the moon by the decade?s end, those words, too, had a dreamlike quality. They resonated(共鸣) with optimism and ambition in much the same way as the most famous dream speech of all, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. two years later. By the end of the decade, both visions had yielded concrete results and transformed American society. And yet in many ways the two dreams ended up at odds with each other. The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact. The urge to explore space is just the opposite. It is figuratively and literally otherworldly in its aims.

When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out. There was no grand follow-up to the Apollo missions. The technologically compromised space shuttle program has just come to an end, with no successor. The perpetual argument is that funds are tight, that we have more pressing problems here on Earth. Amid the current concerns about the federal deficit, reaching toward the stars seems a dispensable luxury—as if saving one-thousandth of a single year?s budget would solve our problems.

But human ingenuity struggles on. NASA is developing a series of robotic probes that will get the most bang from a buck. They will serve as modem Magellans, mapping out the solar system for whatever explorers follow, whether man or machine. On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic are plotting a bottom-up assault on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Private spaceflight could lie within reach of rich civilians in a few years. Another decade or two and it could go mainstream.

The space dreamers end up benefiting all of us—not just because of the way they expand human knowledge, or because of the spin-off technologies they produce, but because the two types of dreams feed off each other. Both Martin Luther King and John Kennedy appealed to the idea that humans can transcend what were once considered inherent limitations. Today we face seeming challenges in energy, the environment, health care. Tomorrow we will transcend these as

well, and the dreamers will deserve a lot of the credit. The more evidence we collect that our species is capable of greatness, the more we will actually achieve it.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

61. The author mentions Cyrano de Bergerac in order to show that_________.

A) imagination is the mother of invention

B) ingenuity is essential for science fiction writers

C) it takes patience for humans to realize their dreams

D) dreamers have always been interested in science fiction

62. How did the general public view Kennedy?s space exploration plan?

A) It symbolized the American spirit.

B) It was as urgent as racial equality.

C) It sounded very much like a dream.

D) It made an ancient dream come true.

63. What does the author say about America?s aim to explore space?

A) It may not bring about immediate economic gains.

B) It cannot be realized without technological innovation.

C) It will not help the realization of racial and economic equality.

D) It cannot be achieved without a good knowledge of the other worlds.

64. What is the author?s attitude toward space programs?

A) Critical. C) Unbiased.

B) Reserved. D) Supportive.

65. What does the author think of the problems facing human beings?

A) They pose a serious challenge to future human existence.

B) They can be solved sooner or later with human ingenuity.

C) Their solutions need joint efforts of the public and privatesectors.

D) They can only be solved by people with optimism andambition.

Part IV Translation(30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

中国园林（the Chinese garden）是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观（landscape）。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和稭关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山（rockwork）、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷（scroll）一般展现在面前。

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第2套）

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay about the impact of the information explosion by referring to the saying “A wealth of information creates a poverty of attention.” You can give examples to illustrate your point and then explain what you can do to avoid being distracted by irrelevant information. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

It is important that we be mindful of the earth, the planet out of which we are born and by which we are nourished, guided, healed—the planet, however, which we have (26)_______to a considerable degree in these past two centuries of (27)_______ exploitation. This exploitation has reached such (28)_______ that presently it appears that some hundreds of thousands of species

will be (29)_______ before the end of the century.

In our times, human shrewdness has mastered the deep (30)_______ of the earth at a level far beyond the capacities of earlier peoples. We can break the mountains apart; we can drain the rivers and flood the valleys. We can turn the most luxuriant forests into throwaway paper products. We can (31)_______ the great grass cover of the western plains and pour (32)_______ chemicals into the soil until the soil is dead and blows away in the wind. We can pollute the air with acids, the rivers with sewage(污水), the seas with oil. We can invent computers (33)_______ processing ten million calculations per second. And why?To increase the volume and the speed with which we move natural resources through the consumer economy to the junk pile or the waste heap. Our managerial skills are measured by the competence (34)_______ in accelerating this process. If in these activities the physical features of the planet are damaged, if the environment is made inhospitable for (35)_______ living species, then so be it. We are, supposedly, creating a technological wonderworld.

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: Inthis section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

Quite often, educators tell families of children who are learning English as a second language to speak only English, and not their native language, at home. Although these educators may have good36 ,their advice to families is misguided, and it 37 from misunderstandings about the process of language acquisition. Educators may fear that children hearing two languages will become 38 confused and thus their language development will be 39 ;this concern is not documented in the literature. Children are capable of learning more than one language, whether 40 or sequentially(依次地). In fact, most children outside of the United States are expected to become bilingual or even, in many cases, multilingual. Globally, knowing more than one language is viewed as an 41 and even a necessity in many areas.

It is also of concern that the misguided advice that students should speak only English is given primarily to poor families with limited educational opportunities, not to wealthier families who have many educational advantages. Since children from poor families often are 42 as at-risk for academic failure, teachers believe that advising families to speak English only is appropriate. Teachers consider learning two languages to be too 43 for children from poor families, believing that the children are already burdened by their home situations.

If families do not know English or have limited English skills themselves, how can they communicate in English? Advising non-English-speaking families to speak only English is 44 to telling them not to communicate with or interact with their children. Moreover, the

45message is that the family's native language is not important or valued.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A) asset

B) delayed

C) deviates

D) equivalent

E) identified

F) intentions

G) object

H) overwhelming I) permanently

J) prevalent

K) simultaneously

L) stems

M) successively

N) underlying

O) visualizing

Section B

Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 The Uses of Difficulty

The brain likes a challenge—and putting a few obstacles in its way may well boost its creativity.

A) Jack White, the former frontman of the White Stripes and an influential figure among fellow musicians, likes to make things difficult for himself. He uses cheap guitars that won?t stay in shape or in tune. When performing, he positions his instruments in a way that is deliberately inconvenient, so that switching from guitar to organ mid-song involves a mad dash across the stage. Why? Because he?s on the run from what he describes as a disease that preys on every artist: “ease of use”. When making music gets too easy, says White, it becomes harder to make it sing. B) It?s an odd thought. Why would anyone make their work more difficult than it already is? Yet we know that difficulty can pay unexpected dividends. In 1966, soon after the Beatles had finished work on “Rubber Soul”, Paul McCartney looked into the possibility of going to America to record their next album. The equipment in American studios was more advanced than anything in Britain, which had led the Beatles? great rivals, the Rolling Stones, to make their latest album, “Aftermath”, in Los Angeles. McCartney found that EMI’s (百代唱片) contractual clauses made it prohibitively expensive to follow suit, and the Beatles had to make do with the primitive technology of Abbey Road.

C) Lucky for us. Over the next two years they made their most groundbreaking work, turning the recording studio into a magical instrument of its own. Precisely because they were working with old-fashioned machines, George Martin and his team of engineers were forced to apply every ounce of their creativity to solve the problems posed to them by Lennon and McCartney. Songs like “Tomorrow Never Knows”, “Strawberry Fields Forever”, and “A Day in the Life” featured revolutionary sound effects that dazzled and mystified Martin?s American counterparts.

D) Sometimes it?s only when a difficulty is removed that we realise what it was doing for us. For more than two decades, starting in the 1960s, the poet Ted Hughes sat on the judging panel of an annual poetry competition for British schoolchildren. During the 1980s he noticed an increasing number of long poems among the submissions, with some running to 70 or 80 pages. These poems were verbally inventive and fluent, but also “strangely boring”. After making inquiries Hughes discovered that they were being composed on computers, then just finding their way into British homes.

E) You might have thought any tool which enables a writer to get words on to the page would be an advantage. But there may be a cost to such facility. In an interview with the Paris Review Hughes speculated that when a person puts pen to paper, “you meet the terrible resistance of what happened your first year at it, when you couldn?t write at all”. As the brain attempts to force the unsteady hand to do its bidding, the tension between the two results in a more compressed, psychologically denser expression. Remove that resistance and you are more likely to produce a 70-page ramble (不着边际的长篇大论).

F) Our brains respond better to difficulty than we imagine. In schools, teachers and pupils alike often assume that if a concept has been easy to learn, then the lesson has been successful. But numerous studies have now found that when classroom material is made harder to absorb, pupils retain more of it over the long term, and understand it on a deeper level.

G) As a poet, Ted Hughes had an acute sensitivity to the way in which constraints on

self-expression, like the disciplines of metre and rhyme (韵律), spur creative thought. What applies to poets and musicians also applies to our daily lives. We tend to equate（等同于）happiness with freedom, but, as the psychotherapist and writer Adam Phillips has observed, without obstacles to our desires it’s harder to know what we want, or where we’re heading. He tells the story of a patient, a first-time mother who complained that her young son was always

clinging to her, wrapping himself around her legs wherever she went. She never had a moment to herself, she said, because her son was “always in the way”. When Phillips asked her where she would go if he wasn?t in the way, she replied cheerfully, “Oh, I wouldn?t know where I was!”

H) Take another common obstacle: lack of money. People often assume that more money will make them happier. But economists who study the relationship between money and happiness have consistently found that, above a certain income, the two do not reliably correlate. Despite the ease with which the rich can acquire almost anything they desire, they are just as likely to be unhappy as the middle classes. In this regard at least, F. Scott Fitzgerald was wrong.

I) Indeed, ease of acquisition is the problem. The novelist Edward St Aubyn has a narrator remark of the very rich that, “not having to consider affordability, their desires rambled on like unstoppable bores, relentless (持续不断的) and whimsical（反复无常的）at the same time.” When Boston College, a private research university, wanted a better feel for its potential donors, it asked the psychologist Robert Kenny to investigate the mindset of the super-rich. He surveyed 165 households, most of which had a net worth of $25m or more. He found that many of his subjects were confused by the infinite options their money presented them with. They found it hard to know what to want, creating a kind of existential bafflement. One of them put it like this: “You know, Bob, you can just buy so much stuff, and when you get to the point where you can just buy so much stuff, now what are you going to do?”

J) The internet makes information billionaires out of all of us, and the architects of our online experiences are c atching on to the need to make things creatively difficult. Twitter?s huge success is rooted in the simple but profound insight that in a medium with infinite space for

self-expression, the most interesting thing we can do is restrict ourselves to 140 characters. The music service This Is My Jam helps people navigate the tens of millions of tracks now available instantly via Spotify and iTunes. Users pick their favourite song of the week to share with others. They only get to choose one. The service was only launched this year, but by the end of September 650,000 jams had been chosen. Its co-founder Matt Ogle explains its raison d’être (存在的理由) like this: “In an age of endless choice, we were missing a way to say: …This. This is the one you should listen to?.”

K) Today?s world offers more opportunity than ever to follow the advice of the Walker Brothers and make it easy on ourselves. Compared with a hundred years ago, our lives are less tightly bound by social norms and physical constraints. Technology has cut out much of life?s donkeywork, and we have more freedoms than ever: we can wear what we like and communicate with hundreds of friends at once at the click of a mouse. Obstacles are everywhere disappearing. Few of us wish to turn the clock back, but perhaps we need to remind ourselves how useful the right obstacles can be. Sometimes, the best route to fulfilment is the path of more resistance.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

46. The rigorous requirements placed on the writing of poetry stimulate the poet?s creativity.

47. With creativity, even old-fashioned instruments may produce spectacular sound effects.

48. More money does not necessarily bring greater happiness.

49. It IS a false assumption that lessons should be made easier to learn.

50. Obstacles deliberately placed in the creation of music contribute to its success.

51. Those who enjoy total freedom may not find themselves happy.

52. Ted Hughes discovered many long poems submitted for poetry competition were composed oncomputers.

53. Maybe we need to bear in bear in mind that the right obstacles help lead us to greater achievements.

54. An investigation found that many of the super-rich were baffled by the infinite choices theirmoney made available.

55. One free social networking website turned out to successful because it limited each posting to one hundred and forty characters.

Section C

Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there arefour choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice andmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

There was a time not long ago when new science Ph.D.s in the United States were expected to pursue a career path in academia (学术界).But today, most graduates end up working outside academia, not only in industry but also in careers such as science policy, communications, and patent law. Partly this is a result of how bleak the academic job market is, but there's also a rising awareness of career options that Ph.D. scientists haven't trained for directly—but for which they have useful knowledge, skills, and experience. Still, there's a huge disconnect between the way we currently train scientists and the actual employment opportunities available for them, and an urgent need for dramatic improvements in training programs to help close the gap. One critical step that could help to drive change would be to require Ph.D. students and postdoctoral scientists to follow an individual development plan (IDP).

In 2002 the U.S. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology recommended that every postdoctoral researcher put together an IDP m consultation with an adviser. Since then, several academic institutions have begun to require IDPsforpostdocs And in June, the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) Biomedical Research Workforce Working Group recommended that the NIH require IDPs for the approximately 32,000 postdoctoral researchers they support.Other funding agencies, public and private, are moving in a similar direction.

IDPs have long been used by government agencies and the private sector to achieve specificgoals for the employee and the organization. The aim is to ensure that employees have an explicittool to help them understand their own abilities and aspirations, determine career possibilities, and set (usually short-term) goals. In science, graduate students and new Ph.D. scientists can use an IDP to identify and navigate an effective career path.

Afree Web application for this purpose, called myIDF.has become available this week. It's designed to guide early-career scientists through a confidential, rigorous process of introspection (内省)to create a customized career plan. Guided by expert knowledge from a panel of

science-focused career advisers, each trainee’s self-assessment is used to rank a set of career trajectories(轨迹). After the user has identified a long-term career goal.myIDP walks her or him through the process of setting short-term goals directed toward accumulating new skills and experiences im?portant for that career choice.

Although surveys reveal the IDP process to be useful, trainees report a need for additional resources to help them identify a long-term career path and complete an IDP. Thus, myIDP will be most effective when it?s embedded in larger career-development efforts. For example, universities could incorporate IDPs into their graduate curricula to help students discuss, plan, prepare for, and achieve their long-term career goals.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

56. What do we learn about new science Ph.D.s in the United States today?

A) They lack the skills and expertise needed for their jobs.

B) They can choose from a wider range of well-paying jobs.

C) They often have to seek jobs outside the academic circle.

D) They are regarded as the nation?s driving force of change.

57. What does the author say about America?s Ph.D. training?

A) It should be improved to better suit the job market.

B) It is closely linked to future career requirements.

C) It should be re-oriented to careers outside academia.

D) It includes a great variety of practical courses.

58. What was recommended for Ph.D.s and postdoctoral researchers?

A) They meet the urgent needs of the corporate world.

B) A long-term career goal be set as early as possible.

C) An IDP be made in consultation with an adviser.

D) They acquire an explicit tool to help obtain jobs.

59. Government agencies and the private sector often use IDPs to __________.

A) bring into full play the skills and expertise of their postdoctoral researchers

B) help employees make the best use of their abilities to achieve their career goals

C) place employees in the most appropriate positions

D) hire the most suitable candidates to work for them

60. What do we know about myIDP?

A) It is an effective tool of self-assessment and introspection for better career plans.

B) It enables people to look into various possibilities and choose the career they love.

C) It promises a long-term career path.

D) It is part of the graduate curricula.

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

Just over a decade into the 21st century, women?s progress can be celebrated across a range of fields. They hold the highest political offices from Thailand to Brazil, Costa Rica to Australia. A woman holds the top spot at the International Monetary Fund; another won the Nobel Prize in economics. Self-made billionaires in Beijing, tech innovators in Silicon Valley, pioneering justices in Ghana—in these and countless other areas, women are leaving their mark.

But hold the applause. In Saudi Arabia, women aren?t allowed to drive. In Pakistan, 1,000women die in honor killings every year. In the developed world, women lag behind men in pay and political power. The poverty rate among women in the U.S. rose to 14.5% last year.

To measure the state of women?s progress. Newsweek ranked 165 countries, looking at five areas that affect women?s lives; treatment under the law, workforce participation, political power, and

access to education and health care. Analyzing data from the United Nations and the WorldEconomic Forum, among others, and consulting with experts and academics, we measured 28 factorsto come up with our rankings.

Countries with the highest scores tend to be clustered in the West, where gender discrimination is against the law, and equalrights are constitutionally enshrined(神圣化). But there were some surprises. Some otherwise high-ranking countries had relatively low scores for political representation. Canadaranked third overall but 26th in power, behind countries such as Cuba and Burundi. Doesthissuggest that a woman in a nation?s top office translates to better lives for women in general? Not exactly.“Trying to quantify or measure the impact of women in politics is hard because in very few countries have there been enough women in politics to make a difference,”says Anne-Marie Goetz, peace and security adviser for U.N. Women.

Of course, no index can account for everything. Declaring that one country is better than another in the way that it treats more than half its citizens means relying on broad strokes and generalities. Some things simply can?t be measured. And cross-cultural comparisons can t account for difference of opinion.

Certain conclusions are nonetheless clear. For one thing, our index backs up a simple but profound statement made by Hillary Clinton at the recent Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

summit. “When we liberate the economic potenti al of women, we elevate the economic performance of communities, nations, and the world,” she said. “There?s a stimulative effect that kicks in when women have greater access to jobs and the economic lives of our countries: Greater political stability. Fewer military conflicts.More food.More educational opportunity for children. By harnessing the economic potential of all women, we boost opportunity for all people.”

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

61. What does the author think about women?s progress so far?

A) It still leaves much to be desired.

B) It is too remarkable to be measured.

C) It has greatly changed women?s fate.

D) It is achieved through hard struggle.

62. In what countries have women made the greatest progress?

A) Where women hold key posts in government.

B) Where women?s rights are protected by law.

C) Where women?s participation in management is high.

D) Where women enjoy better education and health care.

63. What do Newsweek rankings reveal about women in Canada?

A) They care little about political participation.

B) They are generally treated as equals by men.

C) They have a surprisingly low social status.

D) They are underrepresented in politics.

64. What does Anne-Marie Goetz think of a woman being in a nation?s top office?

A) It does not necessarily ra ise women?s political awareness.

B) It does not guarantee a better life for the nation?s women.

C) It enhances women?s status.

D) It boosts women?s confidence.

65. What does Hillary Clinton suggest we do to make the world a better place?

A) Give women more political power.

B) Stimulate women?s creativity.

C) Allow women access to education.

D) Tap women?s economic potential.

Part IVTranslation (30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收。这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似。过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日。这天夜晚皓月光空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008年又被定为公共假日。月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食。人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有“寿（longevity）”、“福”或“和”等字样。

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第3套）

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remarks“The greatest use of life is to spend it for something that will outlast it.”

You can give examples to illustrate your point and then explain what you will do to

make your life more meaningful. You should write at least 150 words but no more

than 200 words.

请用黑色签字笔在答题卡1指定区域内作答作文题，在试题册上的作答无效！

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Adults are getting smarter about how smart babies are. Not long ago, researchers learned that 4-day-old could understand (26)_____ and subtraction. Now, British research psychologist Graham Schafer has discovered that infants can learn words for uncommon things long before they can speak. He found that 9-month-old infants could be taught, through repeated show-and-tell, to (27)_____ the names of objects that were foreign to them, a result that (28)_____ in some ways the received wisdom that, apart from learning to (29)_____ things common to their daily lives, children don't begin to build vocabulary until well into their second year. "It's no (30)_____ that children learn words, but the words they tend to know are words linked to (31)_____ situations in the home," explains Schafer. "This is the first demonstration that we can choose what words the children will learn and that they can respond to them with an unfamiliar voice (32)_____ in an unfamiliar setting."

Figuring out how humans acquire language may (33)_____ why some children learn to read and write later than others, Schafer says, and could lead to better treatments for developmental

problems. What's more, the study of language (34)_____ offers direct insight into how humans learn. "Language is a test case for human cognitive development," says Schafer. But parents eager to teach their infants should take note: even without being taught new words, a control group (35)_____ the other infants within a few months. "This is not about advancing development," he says. "It's just about what children can do at an earlier age than what educators have often thought."

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

Cell phones provide instant access to people. They are creating a major 36 in the social experiences of both children and adolescents. In one recent U.S. survey, about half the teens polled said that their cell phone had 37 their communication with friends. Almost all said that their cell phone was the way they stayed in touch with peers, one-third had used the cell phone to help a peer in need, and about 80% said the phone made them feel safer. Teenagers in Australia, 38 ,said that their mobile phones provided numerous benefits and were an39 part of their lives; some were so 40 to their phones that the researchers considered it an addiction. In Japan, too, researchers are concerned about cell phone addiction. Researchers in one study in Tokyo found that more than half of junior high school students used their phones to exchange e-mails with schoolmates more than 10 times a day.

Cell phones 41 social connections with peers across time and space. They allow young people to exchange moment-by-moment experiences in their daily lives with special partners and thus to have a more 42 sense of connection with friends. Cell phones also can 43 social tolerance because they reduce children's interactions with others who are different from them. In addition to connecting peers, cell phones connect children and parents. Researchers studying teenagers in Israel concluded that, in that 44 environment, mobile phones were regarded as "security objects" in parent-teen relationships―important because they provided the possibility of 45 and communication at all times.

Section B

Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Waste Not, Want Not

Feeding the 9 Billion: The Tragedy of Waste

[A] By 2075, the United Nations' mid-range projection for global population is about 9.5 billion.

This means that there could be an extra three billion mouths to feed by the end of the century,

a period in which substantial changes are anticipated in the wealth, calorie intake and dietary

preferences of people in developing countries across the world. Such a projection presents mankind with wide-ranging social, economic, environmental and political issues that need to be addressed today to ensure a sustainable future for all. One key issue is how to produce more food in a world of finite resources.

[B] Today, we produce about four billion metric tonnes of food per year. Yet due to poor practices

in harvesting, storage and transportation, as well as market and consumer wastage, it is estimated that 30-50% of all food produced never reaches a human stomach. Furthermore, this figure does not reflect the fact that large amounts of land, energy, fertilisers and water have also been lost in the production of foodstuffs which simply end up as waste. This level of wastage is a tragedy that cannot continue if we are to succeed in the challenge of sustainably meeting our future food demands. |

Where Food Waste Happens

[C] In 2010,the Institution of Mechanical Engineers identified three principal emerging population

groups across the world, based on characteristics associated with their current and projected stage of economic development.

? Fully developed, mature, post-industrial societies, such as those in Europe, characterised by stable or declining populations which are increasing in age.

? Late-stage developing nations that are currently industrialising rapidly, for example China, which will experience declining rates of population growth, coupled with increasing affluence (富裕）and age profile.

? Newly developing countries that are beginning to industrialise, primarily in Africa, with high to very high population growth rates, and characterised by a predominantly young age profile.

[D] Each group over the coming decades will need to address different issues surrounding food

production, storage and transportation, as well as consumer expectations, if we are to continue to feed all our people.

[E] In less-developed countries, such as those of sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia, wastage

tends to occur primarily at the farmer-producer end of the supply chain. Inefficient harvesting, inadequate local transportation and poor infrastructure (基础设施)mean that produce is frequently handled inappropriately and stored under unsuitable farm site conditions.

[F] In mature, fully developed countries such as the UK, more-efficient farming practices and

better transport, storage and processing facilities ensure that a larger proportion of the food

produced reaches markets and consumers. However, characteristics associated with modern consumer culture mean produce is often wasted through retail and customer behaviour.

[G] Major supermarkets, in meeting consumer expectations, will often reject entire crops of

perfectly edible fruit and vegetables at the farm because they do not meet exacting marketing standards for their physical characteristics, such as size and appearance.

[H] Of the produce that does appear in the supermarket, commonly used sales promotions

frequently encourage customers to purchase excessive quantities which, in the case of perishable foodstuffs, inevitably generate wastage in the home. Overall between 30% and 50% of what has been bought in developed countries is thrown away by the purchaser.

Better Use of Our Finite Resources

[I] Wasting food means losing not only life-supporting nutrition but also precious resources,

including land, water and energy. As a global society, therefore, tackling food waste will help contribute towards addressing a number of key resource issues.

[J] Land Usage: Over the last five decades, improved farming techniques and technologies have helped to significantly increase crop yields along with a 12% expansion of farmed land use.

However, a further increase in farming area without impacting unfavourably on what remains of the world's natural ecosystems appears unlikely. The challenge is that an increase in animal-based production will require more land and resources, as livestock (牲畜)farming demands extensive land use.

[K] Water Usage: Over the past century, human use of fresh water has increased at more than double the rate of population growth. Currently about 3.8 trillion m3of water is used by hu-mans per year. About 70% of this is consumed by the global agriculture sector, and the level of use will continue to rise over the coming decades.

[L] Better irrigation can dramatically improve crop yield and about 40% of the world's food supply is currently derived from irrigated land. However, water used in irrigation is often sourcedunsustainably.In processing foods after the agricultural stage, there are large additional uses of water that need to be tackled in a world of growing demand. This is particularly crucial inthe case of meat production, where beef uses about 50 times more water than vegetables. In the future, more effective washing techniques, management procedures, and recycling and purification of water will be needed to reduce wastage.

[M]Energy Usage: Energy is an essential resource across the entire food production cycle, with estimates showing an average of 7-10 calories of input being required in the production of one calorie of food. This varies dramatically depending on crop, from three calories for plant crops to 35 calories in the production of beef. Since much of this energy comes from the utilisation of fossil fuels, wastage of food potentially contributes to unnecessary global warming as well as inefficient resource utilisation.

[N] In the modem industrialised agricultural process—which developing nations are movingtowards in order to increase future yields—energy usage in the making and application of fertilisersand pesticides represents the single biggest component. Wheat production takes 50% of its energy input for these two items alone. Indeed, on a global scale, fertilisermanufacturing consumes about 3-5% of the world's annual natural gas supply. With production anticipated to increase by 25% between now and 2030, sustainable energy sourcing will become an increasingly major issue. Energy to power machinery, both on the

farm and in the storage and processing facilities, adds to the energy total, which currently represents about 3.1% of annual global energy consumption.

Recommendations

[O] Rising population combined with improved nutrition standards and shifting dietary preferences will exert pressure for increases in global food supply. Engineers, scientists and agriculturalists have the knowledge, tools and systems that will assist in achieving productivity increases. However, pressure will grow on finite resources of land, energy and water. The potential to provide 60-100% more food by simply eliminating losses, while simultaneously freeing up land, energy and water resources for other uses, is an opportunity that should not be ignored. In order to begin tackling the challenge, the Institution recommends that:

?The UN Food and Agriculture Organisation work with the international engineering community to ensure governments of developed nations put in place programmes that transferengineering knowledge, design know-how, and suitable technology to newly developing countries. This will help improve produce handling in the harvest, and immediate post-harvest stages of food production.

? Governments of rapidly developing countries incorporate waste minimisation thinking into the transport infrastructure and storage facilities currently being planned, engineered and built.

? Governments in developed nations devise and implement policy that changes consumer expectations. These should discourage retailers from wasteful practices that lead to the rejection of food on the basis of cosmetic characteristics, and losses in the home due to excessive purchasing by consumers.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

46. Elimination of waste alone can potentially provide over sixty percent more food for the

growing world population.

47. The production and application of fertilisers and pesticides account for the largest part of

energy use in the modernindustrialised agricultural process.

48. Consumers in developed countries throw away nearly half of their food purchases because

they tend to buy in excessive quantities.

49. It is recommended that engineering knowledge and suitable technology in developed countries

be introduced to developing countries to improve produce handling in the harvest.

50. The predicted global population growth means that ways have to be found to produce more

food with finite resources.

51. A further expansion of farming area will adversely impact on the world's natural ecosystems.

52. Perfectly eatable fruit and vegetable crops often fail to reach supermarkets due to their size or

physical appearance.

53. Poor practices in harvesting, storage and transportation have resulted in a waste of much of the

food we produce and thus a waste of land and resources.

54. Food waste in less-developed countries happens mainly at the producers' end.

55. Beef consumes far more water to produce than vegetables.

Section C

Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and

D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on

Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

Call it the “learning paradox”, the more you struggle and even fail while you?re trying to learn new information, the better you?re likely to recall and apply that information later.

The learning paradox is at the heart of “productive failure”.a phenomenon identified by researcher Manu Kapur. Kapur points outthat while the model adopted by many teachers when introducing students to new knowledge―providing lots of structure and guidance early on, until the students show that they can do it on their own―makes intuitive sense, it may not be the best way to promote learning. Rather, it?s better to let the learners wrestle (较劲）with the material ontheir own for a while, refraining from giving them any assistance at the start. In a paper published recently, Kapur applied the principle of productive failure to mathematical problem solving in three schools.

With one group of students, the teacher provided strong “scaffolding”―instructional support—and feedback. With the teacher?s help, these pupils were able to find the answers to their set of problems. Meanwhile, a second group was directed to solve the same problems by collaborating with one another, without any prompts from their instructor. These students weren?t able to complete the problems correctly. But in the course of trying to do so, they generated a lot of ideas about the nature of the problems and about what potential solutions would look like. And when the two groups were tested on what they?d learned, the second group “significantly outperformed”the first. The apparent struggles of the floundering (挣扎的）grouphave what Kapurcalls a “hidden efficacy”: they lead people to understand the deep structure of problems, not simply their correct solutions. When these students encounter a new problem of the same type on a test, they?re able to transfer the knowledge they?ve gathered more effectively than those who were the passive recipients of someone else?s expertise.

In the real world, problems rarely come neatly packaged, so being able to discern their deep structure is key. But, Kapur notes, none of us like to fail, no matter how often Silicon Valley entrepreneurs praise the beneficial effects of an idea that fails or a start-up company that crashesand burns. So we need to “design for productive failure” by building it into the learning process. Kapur has identified three conditions that promote this kind of beneficial struggle. First, choose problems to work on that“challenge but do not frustrate”. Second, provide learners with opportunities to explain and elaborate on what they?re doing. Third, give learners the chance to compare and contrast good and bad solutions to the problems. And to those students who protest this tough-love teaching style: you'll thank me later.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

56. Why does the author call the learning process a paradox?

A) Pains do not necessarily lead to gains.

B) What is learned is rarely applicable in life.

C) Failure more often than not breeds success.

D) The more is taught, the less is learnt.

57. What does Kapur disapprove of in teaching?

英语六级听力真题及答案

英语六级听力真题及答案 【篇一：2006-2014历年大学英语六级听力真题及答案 (完整版)】 s=txt>答案集合在全部真题之后（复合式听写中的长句无答案） 200606 1. a) she met with thomas just a few days ago. b) she can help with orientation program. c) she is not sure she can pass on the message. d) she will certainly try to contact thomas. 2. a) set the dinner table.b) change the light bulb. c) clean the dining room. d) hold the ladder for him. 3. a) he’d like a piece of pie.b) he’d like some coffee. c) he’d rather stay in the warm room. d) he’d just had dinner with his friends. 4. a) he has managed to sell a number of cars. b) he is contented with his current position. c) he might get fired. d) he has lost his job. 5. a) tony’s secretary. b) paul’s girlfriend. c) paul’s colleague. d) tony’s wife. 6. a) he was fined for running a red light. b) he was caught speeding on a fast lane. c) he had to run quickly to get the ticket.

英语六级真题听力原文

英语六级真题听力原文 Document serial number【UU89WT-UU98YT-UU8CB-UUUT-UUT108】

2016年6月英语六级真题听力原文(一) Part ⅡListening?? Comprehension Section A Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. M: (1)So, how long have you been a market research consultant？W: Well, I started straight after finishing university. M: Did you study market research？ W: Yeah, and it really helped me to get into the industry, but I have to say that it’s more important to get expe rience in different types of market research to find out exactly what you’re interested in. M: So what are you interested in？ W: (2)Well, at the moment, I specialize in quantitative advertising research, which means that I do two types of projects. (3)Trackers, which are ongoing projects that look at trends or customer satisfaction over a long period of time. The only problem with trackers is that it takes up a lot of your time. But you do build up a good relationship with the client. I also do a couple of ad hoc jobs which are much shorter projects. M: What exactly do you mean by ad hoc jobs？

2017年6月大学英语六级第1套听力真题及答案

2017年6月六级真题一 Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A. Doing enjoyable work. B. Having friendly colleagues. C. Earning a competitive salary. D. Working for supportive bosses. 2. A. 31%. B. 20%. C. 25%. D. 73%. 3. A. Those of a small size. B. Those run by women. C. Those that are well managed. D. Those full of skilled workers. 4. A. They can hop from job to job easily. B. They can win recognition of their work.

大学英语六级听力真题2010.12.18

2010年12月大学英语六级考试真题 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My Views on University Ranking. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 目前高校排名相当盛行; 2. 对于这种做法人们看法不一; 3. 在我看来…… My Views on University Ranking . . . Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Into the Unknown The world has never seen population ageing before. Can it cope? Until the early 1990s nobody much thought about whole populations getting older. The UN had the foresight to convene a “world assembly on ageing” back in 1982, but that came and went. By 1994 the World Bank had noticed that something big was happening. In a report entitled “Averting the Old Age Crisis”, it argued that pension arrangements in most countries were unsustainable. For the next ten years a succession of books, mainly by Americans, sounded the alarm. They had titles like Young vs Old, Gray Dawn and The Coming Generational Storm, and their message was blunt: health-care systems were heading for the rocks, pensioners were taking young people to the cleaners, and soon there would be intergenerational warfare.

【六级英语】2019年6月英语六级听力真题原文解析

2019年6月英语六级听力真题原文解析 Section A Conversation 1 Cathy: Hi, my name's Cathy, nice to meet you. John: Nice to meet you too Kathy, my name's John. I'm a university friend of the bride. What about you? Who do you know at this party? Cathy: I am a colleague of Brenda. I was a little surprised to be invited to be honest. We've only been working together the last six months, but we quickly became good friends. (1) We just wrapped up a project with a difficult client last week. I bet Brenda is glad it's done with, and she can focus on wedding preparations. John: Oh, yes. So you are Cathy from the office. Actually I've heard a lot about you in that project, the client sounded like a real nightmare. Cathy: Oh, he was, I mean we deal with all kinds of people on a regular basis, it's part of the job, but he was especially particular. Enough about that, what line of work are you in? John: Well, right out of college I worked in advertising for a while. Recently though, I turn my photography hobby into a small business. (2) I'll actually be taking photos during the big event as a wedding gift. Cathy: That sounds wonderful and very thoughtful of you. I bake, just as a hobby. (3) But Brenda has asked me to do the cake for the wedding. I was a bit nervous saying yes because I'm far from a professional. John: Did you bake the cookies here at the party tonight? Cathy: Yes, I got the idea from a magazine. John: They're delicious! You've got nothing to worry about. You are a natural.

2017年12月大学英语六级听力真题解析(新东方版)

2017年12月大学英语六级听力真题解析 2017.12月份的六级考试已经落下帷幕，以下是对听力部分考题的一个解析，希望对同学们有所帮助. Conversation One M: And now, for the latter side of the news, Europe is setting an example for the rest of the world when it comes to food waste. W: That’s right, John. This week, the Italian government passed legislation that aims to dramatically reduce the amount of food waste in the country. Q1:New laws have been put into place that will make it easier for farms and supermarkets to donate and sell foods to those who are in need. M: Yes, in an addition to this, businesses will now be rewarded for successful efforts to cut food waste. W: Italy is not the only country to focus on reducing food waste. Just earlier this year, Q2:the European parliament voted in favor of legislation that would stop grocery giants from unfair trading practices that result in overproduction, thus creating waste. M: In France, Q3:the government has banned supermarkets from throwing away edible foods and imposed harsh penalties on businesses that fail to comply with the regulations. W: While there is still much progress to be made, other countries could learn a thing or two from the example set by France and Italy. In the United Sates, up to 40% of all food goes uneaten. Despite the fact that one in seven American households lacks regular access to good food, Q4:one major cause of this problem is the confusion over food expiration labels, which are currently not regulated by the government. M: All this could change soon. This wave of new laws in Europe will definitely put more pressure on law makers to reduce food waste here. We turn now to a

英语六级听力试题答案原文

英语六级听力试题答案 原文 Document serial number【UU89WT-UU98YT-UU8CB-UUUT-UUT108】

2018年12月大学生英语六级考试真题卷一（听力部分）PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A) It can benefit professionals and non-professionals alike. B) It lists the various challenges physicists are confronting. C) It describes how some mysteries of physics were solved. D) It is one of the most fascinating physics books ever written. 2. A) Physicists’ contribution to humanity. B) Stories about some female physicists. C) Historical evolution of modern physics. D) Women’s changing attitudes to physics. 3. A)By exposing a lot of myths in physics. B) By describing her own life experiences. C) By including lots of fascinating knowledge. D) By telling anecdotes about famous professors. 4. A) It avoids detailing abstract concepts of physics. B) It contains a lot of thought-provoking questions. C) It demonstrates how they can become physicists. D)It provides experiments they can do themselves. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 5. A) He is too busy to finish his assignment in time. B) He does not know what kid of topic to write on. C) He does not understand the professor’s instructions. D) He has no idea how to proceed with his dissertation. 6. A) It is too broad. B) It is outdated. C) It is challenging. D) It is interesting.

大学英语六级考试历年听力真题高频词汇汇总

英语六级考试听力高频词汇 以下30个词汇都是我的老师精心整理出来的，都是常出现于大学英语六级考试听力题里的高频词汇，希望能对大家的英语学习有所帮助，谢谢大家的支持，希望大家多多提出宝贵意见，以便于我们一起更好的交流与进步。 以下单词均有多种含义，给出的只是最为常见的，未做标注的即为依具体语境而定。 1.schedule 时间表 2.skip 跳，略过 3.make sense 讲得通，有意义 4.fall shorts of one's expectation 出乎某人的意料 5.cater to 迎合，款待 6.supervisor 监督者，管理者 7.speak highly of 评价高 8.a million things to do 许多事情要做 9.discount 折扣

10.coundn't have played worse/couldn't agree more 玩得不能再差一点了/不能再多同意一点了 11.I understand the way you feel 我了解你的感受 12.go in one ear and out the other 一个耳朵听另一个耳朵冒出来 13.distractions 分心 14.I wish I could help 但愿我能帮助 15.submit 屈从，忍受 16.staff/stuff n.全体职员vt.为...配备人员/材料 17.register 登记，注册 18.deadline 最后期限 19.benefit 受益 20.Are you kidding 你在开玩笑吗 21.credit 信用，信誉 22.otherwise 否则 23.budget your money 预算开支

英语六级真题听力原文

2016年6月英语六级真题听力原文(二) Part ⅡListening? Comprehension Section A Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. W: So, Mike, (1)you manage the innovation project at CucinTech. M: I did indeed. W: Well, then, first, congratulations. (1)It seems to have been very successful. M: Thanks. Yes, I really help things turn around at CucinTech. W: (2)Was the revival in their fortunes entirely due to strategic innovation? M: (2)Yes, yes, I think it was. CucinTech was a company who were very much following the pack, doing what everyone else was doing and getting rapidly left behind. I could see there was a lot of talent there, and some great potential, particularly in their product development. I just had to harness that somehow. W: Was innovation at the core of the project?

2016年6月大学英语六级听力真题及答案：第一套

Section A Directions：In this section.you will hear two long conversations，At the end of each conversation，you will， hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ， B ， C and D .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. ◆1.A.The restructuring of her company. B.The man’s switch to a new career. C.The updating of technology at CucinTech. D.The project the man managed at CucinTech. ◆2.A.Talented personnel. B.Effective promotion. C.Strategic innovation. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0717435772.html,petitive products. ◆3.A.Innovate constantly. B.Expand the market.

1995-2001年大学英语六级听力真题及答案

1995年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A 1. A) She was given a new job. B) She was given a raise. C) She was criticized for being late. D) She was praised for her hard work. 2. A) Whether to employ the woman. B) Whether to take up the new job. C) Whether to ask for a raise. D) Whether to buy a new house. 3. A) A teacher. B) A psychologist. C) A librarian. D) A publisher. 4. A) To visit more places in the city. B) To take a lot of pictures of the beautiful city. C) To take some pictures of his friends. D) To spare some time to meet his friends. 5. A) In town. B) Out of town. C) In the man?s house. D) Outside Ann?s house. 6. A) Because she feels very hot in the room. B) Because she wants to avoid meeting people. C) Because she wants to smoke a cigarette outside. D) Because she doesn?t like the smell of smoke inside. 7. A) Painters hired by the man and woman. B) Painters hired by Mr. Jones. C) Mr. Jones. D) The man and the woman. 8. A) The woman enjoyed the movie very much. B) The woman saw a horror movie. C) The man asked the woman to be careful at night. D) The man went to the show with the woman. 9. A) He doesn?t write well enough. B) He is not a professional writer. C) He hasn?t got any professional experience. D) He didn?t perform well in the interview. 10. A) He doesn?t think it necessary to refuel the car. B) He can manage to get the gasoline they need. C) He hopes the woman will help him select a fuel. D) He thinks it is difficult to get fuel for the car.

2018年6月英语六级考试真题及答案解析和听力原文 (第2套)

2018年6月英语六级考试真题及答案解析和听力原文 (第2套) 2018年6月英语六级考试真题 (第2套) Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between teachers and students. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A) She advocates animal protection. B) She sells a special kind of coffee. C) She is going to start a café chain. D) She is the owner of a special café. 2. A) They bear a lot of similarities. B) They are a profitable business sector. C) They cater to different customers. D) They help take care of customers' pets. 3. A) By giving them regular cleaning and injections. B) By selecting breeds that are tame and peaceful. C) By placing them at a safe distance from customers. D) By briefing customers on how to get along with them. 4. A) They want to learn about rabbits. B) They like to bring in their children. C) They love the animals in her café. D) They give her café favorite reviews. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 5. A) It contains too many additives. B) It lacks the essential vitamins. C) It can cause obesity. D) It is mostly garbage. 6. A) Its fancy design. B) TV commercials. C) Its taste and texture. D) Peer influence. 7. A) Investing heavily in the production of sweet foods. B) Marketing their products with ordinary ingredients.

2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题第一套试卷及答案

2017年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案 （一） Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 【参考范文】 Whether to Attend a Vocational College or a University? It’s an undisputable truth that virtually all high school graduates will encounter the choices between a vocational college and a university. And when it comes to this question, students’ ideas are not cut from the same cloth. In point of which to choose and what to be taken into consideration, my advices are as follow. In the first place, we should be conscious of the fact that both of the two choices have its own superiorities. For instance, a vocational college specializes in cultivating human resources with practical capabilities; while a university serves as the cradle of academic researchers in different fields. Then it does follow that high school graduates should have a clear picture of themselves. That is to say, they should know their merits and demerits and their choices must give play to their strengths whilst circumvent weaknesses. In addition, interest is the best teacher and it’s also the premise of learning on one’s own initiative. Thus interest must be taken into account because it can not only decide how far one can reach academically and professionally but also how happy and fulfilled one will be. In brief, all above just goes to show that there really is no one-size-fits-all answer for the question. The key lies in a clear cognition, accurate self-positioning and the interest of oneself. Only then can every one find a right path that works best for us. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案(第一套)

2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案(第一套)

2018年6月英语六级听力真题及原文答案（第一套全）Section A Conversation 1： M：1.Tonight we have a special guest from the local establishment the Prage Cafe。Welcome。 W：Hi，thanks for have a meal on your show。 M：Thank you for joining us。So please tell us why do decide to open a cafe。 W：Well，we saw the opportunity to offer something a little special and different from other establishments。Cafe certainly is a very competitive market sector。2.There are more than plenty in our city，and we thought they are all rather similar to each other。Wouldn’t you agree？ M：Certainly yes。So how is your establishment any different？ W：Well, since people we have rabbits wandering freely on the place；our customers come in and enjoy their food and drinks，while a little rabbit playing on their legs。There is no other place like it。 M：That’s amazing。How do you come up with the idea？ W：So we thought why not rabbit？People love the rabbits，they are very cute animals。 M：But it is safe？Do the rabbit ever bite people or do

2020年6月英语六级听力真题及答案

2020年6月英语六级听力真题及答案2020年6月英语六级听力真题及答案 Section A Directions：In this section,you will hear 8 shortconversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or morequestions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will bespoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read thefour choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer,Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. A)Theymight be stolen goods B)Theymight be fake products C)Theymight be faulty products D)Theymight be smuggled good 2. A)They arecivil servants B)They arejob applicants C)They arenews reporters D)They arepublic speakers