2014年高考英语二轮复习易错题强化练习：情态动词和虚拟语气

2014年高考英语二轮复习易错题强化练习：情态动词和虚拟语气

易错雷区

1. Helen __ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.

A. shall

B. must

C. may

D. can

2. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I __ report it to the police’?

A. should

B. may

C. will

D. can

3. I __ pay Tracy a visit, but I’m not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.

A. should

B. might

C. would

D. could

4. “The interest __ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” d eclared the judge.

A. may

B. should

C. must

D. shall

5.—Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.

—She ______.I’ve already borrowed one.

A. mustn’t

B. may not

C. can’t

D. needn’t

6.—I don’t mind telling you what I know.

—You. I’m not asking you for it.

A. mustn’t

B. may not

C. can’t

D. needn’t

7.—Who is the girl standing over there?

—Well. If you __ know, her name is Mobile.

A. may

B. can

C. must

D. shall

8.—I’ 11 tell Mary about her new job to morrow.

—You ______her last week.

A. ought to tell

B. would have told

C. must tell

D. should have told

9.—I stayed at a hotel while in New York.

—Oh, did you? You ______with Barbara.

A. could have stayed

B. could stay

C. would stay

D. must have stayed

10. Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried chicken just now.

A. shouldn’t eat

B. mustn’t have eaten

C. shouldn’t have eaten

D. mustn’t eat

11. —Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.

—Well. He ______have gone far-his coat is still here.

A. shouldn’t

B. mustn’t

C. can’t

D. wouldn’t

12. I was on the high way when this car went past followed by a police car. They ______at least 150 km an hour.

A. should have been doing

B. must have been doing

C. could have done

D. would have done

13. If I ____ plan to do anything I wanted to do, I’d like to go Tibet and travel through as much of if as possible.

A. would

B. could

C. had to

D. ought to

14. You didn’t let me drive. If we______ turn, you ______so tired.

A. drove; didn’t get

B. drove; wouldn’t get

C. were driving; wouldn’t get

D. had driven; wouldn’t have got

15. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it______.

A. breaks

B. has broken

C. were broken

D. had been broken

参考答案与解析

1.【错误解答】D

【错解分析】这里表示“能够”的can.根据后文“她还不是很肯定”，那么应该是不肯定的语气may了。

【正确解答】C

2.【错误解答】D

【错解分析】本题的解题思路要从情态动词本身的意义和用法开始，按照情景，在空房子里看到灯兴，是一件奇怪而令人生疑的事，所以会问：你是否认为我应当事情报告给警察？强调“应该”所以用should.

【正确解答】 A

3.【错误解答】B

【错解分析】从后文看，本周不一定有时间去看Tracy，是表示推测，如果把might be 的猜测弄混淆了，就会误选B。should可以表示“对可能发生事情的推测”。

【正确解答】A

4.【错误解答】B或C

【错解分析】句意为“法官宣布：按照双方协议，利息被分作五个部分。”法官宣布的决定有法律效力，不能违背，而且表示说话人（及其所打赌一方）的决心、意志、允诺等。Shall用于第二、三人称时，有此用法。Must可译作“必须”，但只是一种主观要求，shall 不具备的不可置疑的决定口气。

【正确解答】D

5.【错误解答】A

【错解分析】前句是说“Lacy不介意把字典借给你用”，后者说“我已经借了一本”，所以是没有必要了，填needn’t符合语境。

【正确解答】C

6.【错误解答】A

【错解分析】前句话说：我不介意告诉你我所知道的事情，后句说：你没有必要告诉我，我并没有向你问此事，因此，是没有必要needn’t，而不是禁止的mustn’t。

【正确解答】D

7.【错误解答】D

【错解分析】may表示“可以”，can表示“能够”，shall表示“应该”，must表示“必须，一定”，从句意来看：如果你一定要知道的话，（我就告诉你吧）她的名字是mobile, must 符合。

【正确解答】C

8.【错误解答】B或A

【易错点点睛】句意为:你上个星期就应该告诉她的。表示对过去应该做的事情但没有做的一种责备，那么只有D项符合了。

【正确解答】D

9.【错误解答】D

【易错点点睛】题干中did you这个信息说明了是一个表示疑问语气的句子，而D 项是表示对过去事实的肯定推测，所以是错误的。could have done表示“应该(可以)做的但是没有做”，符合语境。

【正确解答】A

10.【错误解答】B

【易错点点睛】just now是表示过去的时间状语，情态动词在表示过去发生的事时，必须用“情态动词+have+过去分词”结构，所以只能在选项B或C中来确定答案。Mustn’t have eaten是一个错误选项，因为mustn’t+动词表示“禁止”，不表示判断或推测，全句意为：噢，我觉得胃不舒服。我刚才不那么多炸鸡。

【正确解答】C

11.【错误解答】B

【易错点点睛】根据后文“他的外套还在这儿”，应该是不会走远。Ca n’t have done表示一种肯定语气的推测。

【正确解答】C

9.【错误解答】C

【易错点点睛】本题是对过去发生的事情的一种猜测，同时还强调警察追赶他时正在发生的情况所以选B。

【正确解答】B

13.【错误解答】A

【易错点点睛】受if条件虚拟语气的影响，会误选A，根据句意，如果“能够的话”，

当用could更符合语境。

【正确解答】D

14.【错误解答】A

【易错点点睛】主句、从句两个部分都表示与过去事实相反。

【正确解答】D

15. 【错误解答】B 根据语境这里用虚拟语气形式。

【正确解答】C

名师点睛

易错起源1、情态动词的词汇义辨析

例1．John, look at the time. __ you piano the piano at such a late hour?

A. Must

B. Can

C. May

D. Need

【错误解答】 B

【易错点点睛】根据句意“你一定要在这么晚的时候钢琴吗?”应该填must。

【正确解答】 A

名师点睛

情态动词的基本用法

I. can(could)

1.表示体力或脑力方面的能力，或根据客观规定律能做某事的能力，意思是“能够”。can 表“能够” 时，既可指将来，也可指现在。be able to 在表示能力时与can同义，但可用:于各种时态，强调通过努力克服困难成功地做某事，相当managed to do 或succeeded in doing.例如:No one can (is able to) finish such a difficult thing.

He can speak English.

I can go there now.

With the help of the fire men ,the trapped people was able to leave the burning building(不能用could)

2.表示许可、允许，在疑问句中表示“请求，许可”，否定句中表示“不许”，此时可与may通采用，有时cannot可以表示“禁止”，相当于“mustn’t”,例如:

May(Can)I help you?

That sort of thing can’t go on !

You can’t ( mustn’t, are not allow ed to ) play computer games again.

3.表示推测，强调客观可能性“可能、会”，can多用于疑问句和否定句，表示猜测时，情态动词后可用进行式或完成式。

—There comes a man. Who can it be?

—It must be our English teacher.

—No, it can’t be him. He has gone to America!

He can’t have gone there alone.

4.could表示“能力”“可能性”“许可”，为can的过去式。一般用于委婉、客气地提出问题或陈述看法，此时can，could并没有时间上的差别，只是could的语气更客气些。回答时用原形回答。

—Could I borrow your English dictionary?

—Of course you can. Go ahead.

Ⅱ.may, might( might 为may 的过去式)

1.表示许可，有“可以”的意思，询问或说的一件事可不可以做，有时可以用can互换。其否定式may not表示“不可以、禁止、阻止”等，常用m ust not =mustn’t代替，may用于疑问句中，回答这种问题时，多避免用may，而用其他形式，以免显得口气太严峻或不客气。

例如:

—Mum, may I go to the cinema tonight?

—Yes, you may. (No, you mustn’t/ you’d better not. ) 比较:—Yes, please/please don’t.

2.表推测、或许、可能的意思，表示一件事或许会发生，只用在陈述包中。

例如:

Her parents may come to see her tomorrow.

3.may句式用来表示祝愿。例如:

May you succeed! = I hope you may succeed.

May you be happy, healthy and wealthy!

4.might是may的过去式，表示可以做的事或可能发生的事；主句谓语动词是过去时态时用might不用may。might一般用于比may的口气委婉，或表示现实的可能性更小一些的语境中.

例如:

Our teacher suggested a few books which I might buy.

I wonder if I might buy some sugar now.

Ⅲ.must

1.表示必须要做的事，意为“必须”，否定式mustn’t表示“不应该，不许可，禁止”等。因此，在回答带有must的问句时，不用mustn’t，而用needn’t或don’t have to.例如: —Must I hand in the paper now?

——Yes, you must.

—No, you needn’t./you don’t have to.

2.must在表示“必须”时与have to相近，have to比较强调客观的需要，must着重主观看法。另外must不像have to那样能有更多的时态。例如:

Tom, you must stay at home. (命令或叮嘱)

I have to stay at home to look after my baby. (客观需要)

3.表推测，暗含很大的可能性，意为“一定”只用于“肯定句”中。例如:

I think there must be a mistake.

4.偏偏、硬要、干嘛(指做令人不快的事)。例如:

Hey, boys Must you shout so loudly?

Ⅳ.Shall

1.用于二、三人称陈述句中。表示说话人给对方的命令、许诺、警告、强制、威胁、决心等。在疑问句中，表示征询听话人是否愿意。例如:

You shall have my answer tomorrow. (允许)

He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. (警告)

You shall do as I tell you. (命令或吩咐)

Shall you go with me? (征询意见)

2.用于一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。例如:

Shall we begin our class?

When shall my father be able to leave hospital?

V. should 和ought to

should表示劝告、建议常作“应当”讲，与ought to有时可互换，ought to更注重一些责任义务。should表示预测可能性，并译作“可能，(按道理)应该”；而ought to则表示非常可能。Should用于委婉、谦逊地提出意见或建议，ought to可表示因责任、义务等该做的事。

例如:

We should (ought to) help each other in work.( ought to 的语气要强)

They should come here now. (按道理应该到了)

I am your teacher, I ought to help with your study.(表示有这个责任)

Ⅵ.will和would

will可以表示意愿、意志和决心，适用于各种人称。可以用来表示各种倾向或习惯动作。有时还用来表示“难免”。其过去式是would，也可以是单独的情态动词，在表示委婉提出请求、建议或看法时，语气比will委婉，肯定的回答时用will。

例如:

Don’t worry. He will do his best.

Where there is a will, there will be a success.(表示习惯)

Accident will happen. ( 难免)

Would you please do me a favor?

易错起源2、情态动词对话情景中的用法

例2．—Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.

—You __ have my computer if you don’t take care of it.

A. can’t

B. might not

C. needn’t

D. shouldn’t

英语情态动词专项练习题及答案含答案解析

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高考英语情态动词专题复习

情态动词精品学案 情态动词解读: ①本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词。 ②不能单独作谓语。 ③和其他动词原形构成谓语。 ④谓语动词之前。 ⑤无人称和数的变化。 ⑥否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“not”。 ⑦个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式可以用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或 将来。 经典例句： We can be there on time tomorrow. 我们明天能按时去那儿。 May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗？ Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗？ How dare you treat us like that! 你怎么敢那样对待我们! We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。 情态动词考点： 1.情态动词表示推测。 2.情态动词的基本用法。 3.情态动词的答语。 1 / 17

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高中英语情态动词与虚拟语气

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