旅游英语导游考试试卷
导游考试真题
试卷一
Part I
True or False (5 points, 0.5 points each)
Directions: There are 10 statements in this section. For each statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should read them carefully, and choose the ONE answer you think is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.
（注意：请将1-10题的答案填涂在答题卡上; 否则无效。）
1. It’s not necessary for tour guides to abide by professional ethics.
A. It’s true.
B. It’s hard to say.
C. It all depends.
D. It’s false.
2. English proficiency is a powerful tool for tour guides.
A. It’s true.
B. It’s hard to say.
C. It all depends.
D. It’s false.
3. Security of tourists is not always the most important issue.
A. It’s true.
B. It’s hard to say.
C. It all depends.
D. It’s false.
4. The tourists have no right to verify the travel plan.
A. It’s true.
B. It’s hard to say.
C. It all depends.
D. It’s false.
5. Round-the-clock room service isn’t offered in a 5-star hotel.
A. It’s true.
B. It’s hard to say.
C. It all depends.
D. It’s false.
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6. Once a schedule is finalized by the tour company, it’s not allowed to change in any situation.
A. It’s true.
B. It’s hard to say.
C. It all depends.
D. It’s false.
7. It is unnecessary for the driver to have an understanding of the itinerary.
A. It’s true.
B. It’s hard to say.
C. It all depends.
D. It’s false.
8. The second way of classifying hotels is based on the level of service, amenity and facility they provide.
A. It’s true.
B. It’s hard to say.
C. It all depends.
D. It’s false.
9. No matter how well prepared the tour guide tries to be, he or she will face some obstacles anyway.
A. It’s true.
B. It’s hard to say.
C. It all depends.
D. It’s false.
10. Every guest must be given the same attention.
A. It’s true.
B. It’s hard to say.
C. It all depends.
D. It’s false.
Part II Vocabulary and Structure (110 points, 0.5 points each)
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence or best analyzes the underlined words. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
（注意：请将11-30题的答案填涂在答题卡上，否则无效。）
11. Some soccer _______ would like to coach the inexperienced young men in the clubs.
A. retired players
B. veterans
C. masters
D. aces
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12. I remember, that as an ambitious actor, I was very ________ of Laurence Olive’s acting.
A. jealous
B. envious
C. outrageous
D. enviable
13. He always beat his wife when there were no _______ around, and so her lawyer could not charge him effectively.
A. witnesses
B. on-lookers
C. observers
D. inspectors
14. The police stopped several _______ and arrested 120 men on the election night.
A. uprisings
B. rebellions
C. riots
D. resistance
15. Cold drinks are ________ on a warm summer day.
A. fascinating
B. encouraging
C. nourishing
D. refreshing
16. The Dreyfus Affair was the most famous scandal in French history.
A. embarrassment
B. disgrace
C. shame
D. humiliation
17. A fierce debate is going on in the Japanese Cabinet over the question of sending soldiers abroad.
A. strong
B. violent
C. immense
D. heated
18. Martha ignored my earnest request for forgiveness.
A. serious
B. sincere
C. honest
D. frank
19. In the 1998 France Open, Aggassi discovered that his opponents did not stand a chance.
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A . rivals
B. foes
C. enemies
D. contestants
20. There was such a long line at the exhibition ______ we had to wait for about half an hour.
A . as
B. that
C. so
D. hence
21. By the time you get to New York, I _______ for London.
A. would be leaving
B. am leaving
C. have already left
D. shall have left
22. The article ________ more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and learning.
A. calls for
B. applies for
C. cares for
D. allows for
23. Government reports, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters are the main situations ______ formal language is used.
A. in which
B. on which
C. in that
D. at that
24. We hadn’t seen each other for 20 years, but I recognized her _______ I saw her.
A. for the moment
B. the moment when
C. at the moment when
D. the moment
25. With the development in science and technology man make various flowers _______ before their time.
A. be bloomed
B. blooming
C. bloom
D. bloomed
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26. Chinese traditional art is to many tourists from abroad.
A. attracted
B. attractive
C. interested
D. intrusive
27. A tour guide should arrive at the airport terminal two hoursto your flight’s departure time.
A. before
B. prior
C. after
D. ahead
28. Chinese foodfrom place to place mainly according to geographical difference.
A. vary
B. varies
C. different
D. varied
29. The teacher asked Tom to get the answer by _______ arithmetic.
A. metal
B. mental
C. mantel
D. mantle
30. Many people like white color as it is a _______ of purity.
A. symbol
B. sign
C. signal
D. symptom
Part III Reading Comprehension (30 points, 1.5 points each)
Directions: In this part there are five passages followed by questions, each with four suggested answers. Choose the one you think is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（注意：请将31-50题的答案填涂在答题卡上，否则无效。）
Passage 1
Questions 31 to 33 are based on the following passage.
The time has come for the tour guide to close the tour. By this time he or she must be exhausted and desperately homesick. You may doubt whether saying goodbye is less important than saying hello. Absolutely not. Closing the tour is as important as starting one.
It is true that guests have only one opportunity to form a favorable fist impression on a tour guide.
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The good news is that they have more to shape a positive final one. Departure services offer you the right time to remedy the inadequacies of your service. Even an ordinary one can end on a high note if you do the right job.
Planning for parting can be a confusing process for a novice. It is what you must take every reasonable effort to ensure that everything goes ahead perfectly. Generally, the departure services can be divided into two sections, that is pre-departure and departure services. Before guests leave, there are a large number of matters you must attend to. You should put sufficient time and thought into your departure plan.
31. What is the main idea of the passage above?
A. Closing the tour is less important than starting one.
B. Guiding a tour is a hard job.
C. As a guide, he or she must be exhausted.
D. Closing a tour is also important.
32. Based on the passage, which statement is true?
A. An unfavorable last impression won’t ruin what you have achieved before.
B. Gusts normally only have the first impression in their mind.
C. Depart services offer you the right time to remedy the inadequacies of your service.
D. The first time is the only opportunity to form a favorable impression on a tour guide.
33. Based on the passage, which statement is false?
A. You must take every reasonable effort to ensure everything goes ahead perfectly.
B. You should not put sufficient time and thought to deal with it.
C. The departure services includes pre-departure and departure service.
D. Closing the tour can be a confusing process for a novice.
Passage 2
Questions 34 to 37 are based on the following passage.
Henry Ford, the famous U. S.inventor and car manufacturer, once said, “The business of America is business.” By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world.
Few would argue with Ford’s statement. A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industry” or “show business.”
The positive side of Henry Ford’s statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has 178
brought to U.S. life. One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job. Jobs are produced in abundance because the U.S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life.
The negative side of Henry Ford’s statement, however, can be seen when the word business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business—referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the right to form unions. Today, many of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. Downsizing—the laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high — creates feelings of insecurity for many.
34. The United States is a typical country ______.
A. which encourages free trade at homes and abroad
B. where people’s chief concern is how to make money
C. where all businesses are managed scientifically
D. which normally works according to the federal budget
35. The influence of business in the U.S. is evidenced by the fact that ______.
A. most newspapers are run by big businesses
B. even public organizations concentrate on working for profits
C. Americans of all professions know how to do business
D. even arts and entertainment are regarded as business
36. According to the passage, immigrants choose to settle in the U.S., dreaming that ______.
A. they can start profitable businesses there
B. they can be more competitive in business
C. they will make a fortune overnight there
D. they will find better chances of employment
37. Henry Ford’s statements can be taken negatively because ______.
A. working people are discouraged to fight for their rights
B. there are many industries controlled by a few big capitalists
C. there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and labor
D. public services are not run by the federal government
Passage 3
Questions 38 to 41 are based on the following passage.
If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is
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capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.
Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on
No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn’t at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.
When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women’s clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.
38. Designers and big stores always make money__________.
A. by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry
B. because they are capable of predicting new fashions
C. by constantly changing the fashions in women’s clothing
D. because they attach great importance to quality in women’s clothing
39. To the writer, the fact that women alter their old -fashioned dresses is seen as_________.
A. a waste of money
B. a waste of time
C. an expression of taste
D. an expression of creativity
40. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the ____________ of clothing.
A. cost
B. appearance
C. comfort
D. suitability
41. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.
B. The constant changes in women’s clothing reflect their strength of character.
C. The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.
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D. Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.
Passage 4
Questions 42 to 45 are based on the following passage.
A special research team organized and sent off from the local medical center performed experiments on the completed blind infants. The test sample included twenty completely blind infants, who lived at home with their mothers or families. The research workers would visit the infants and closely observe the developments of their sense and behavior every two weeks.
In most cases, the research workers tested the response of the blind infant to different stimuli common in family environment. Generally speaking, a normal baby would react with smiles and laughter to tickling, to the voice of a relative, and to hugging from his family. His reactions were swift and fleet. Nevertheless, most of the blind infants according to the experiments, responded to stimuli impassively. In fact, they were apathetic and indifferent to any sound. But under some special circumstances, some of them were able to react to the sound of their mothers with a smile. Usually, their response was very slow and phlegmatic.
The tests were conducted over a nine-month period, and they began when the blind infants were one month old and ended when they were ten months old.
42. According to this passage the blind infants _______.
A. were taken to live with the research workers
B. live at home with their mothers
C. were tested at the medical center
D. were members of large families
43. The responses of the blind infants to the stimuli _______.
A. were the same as the normal infants
B. were different at first but later the same as the normal infants
C. were slower than the normal infants
D. were swift and speedy
44. Which of the following statements is true?
A. A normal baby responded to the stimuli impassively.
B. A normal baby’s reaction to the sound was phlegmatic.
C. A group of nurses took care of the blind infants at the medical centers.
D. Some of the blind infants were able to respond to their mother’s voice.
45. How were the experiments conducted?
A. The scientists tested them in the medical center.
B. The blind infants were visited by research workers every two weeks.
C. The blind infants were made to compare with the normal infants.
D. Their mothers were invited to tickle them.
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Passage 5
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
A student’s room is a home away from home, a place to escape from the pressures of daily life at Columbia. But for many people, the quality of light in their residence halls is so poor that they are unable to read or study in their own rooms.
Last year, the Columbia College Student Council (CCSC) attempted to remedy this problem by drawing up a lighting proposal for submission to University Residence Halls (URH). In this proposal, CCSC suggested that URH establish a minimum standard for lighting, citing Broadway Residence Hall as an example of a dorm with a satisfactory quality of lighting.
The proposal was submitted in reaction to a school-wide effort by URH to prevent students from possessing items that posed fire hazards. Over the Spring 2001 semester, URH performed a series of room checks to encourage fire prevention and remove any potential fire hazards. The Student Council determined that the most common violations of the fire safety policy were halogen (卤) lamps and candles, which were primarily used as a means to enhance lighting.
On this basis, and after receiving a number of complaints from students, CCSC decided to conduct a “lighting tour” of campus to assess the extent of the problem. It determined that in many residence halls the lighting was so poor as to make it impossible to read or study.
The CCSC submitted its report to URH at the end of the 2002 Spring semester. The report stated that improving the quality of lighting throughout residence halls “is as essential to ensuring that dorms remain safe as the continuation of room checks”.
Students are, for the most part, unaware that the quality of lighting in residence halls is currently under consideration or that any changes are being made, even if many of them are aware that the lighting situation is dim. “I don’t think the lighting is adequate without additional fixtures (装置),” Jacob McKean said. “It’s just less comfortable than an adequately lit room.”
46. Students are unable to read or study in their residence halls because_________.
A. there are always fire hazards
B. the quality of lighting is not satisfactory
C. they are not allowed to do so
D. the residence halls are being repaired
47. According to the report of CCSC, the importance of improving the quality of lighting is that .
A. it can make students escape from the pressures of daily life
B. it can make students’ rooms more comfortable
C. it helps to keep the dorms safe from fires
D. URH is putting much emphasis on this matter
48. URH performed a series of room checks in order to_________.
A deal with the complaints of the students
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B get rid of any potential fire dangers
C improve the lighting situation
D find out who are violating the fire safety policy
49. The lighting proposal was made by ___________.
A. Columbia University
B. Broadway Residence Hall
C. University Residence Hall
D. Columbia College Student Council
50. It can be inferred from the passage that_________.
A. all the students are aware of the poor lighting in their dorms
B. many students do not care much about the dim lighting problem
C. students are allowed to own lamps to improve lighting
D. every student is used to the inadequately lit rooms
Part IV Cloze (10 points, 0.5 points each)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
（注意：请将51-70题的答案填涂在答题卡上，否则无效。）
Questions 51 to 70 are based on the following passage.
American cities are similar to other cities around the world. In every country, cities reflect the 51 of the culture. Cities contain the very 52 aspect of a society: opportunities for education, em ployment, and entertainment. They also 53 the very worst parts of a society: violent crime, racial conflict, and 54. American cities are changing, just 55 American society. After World War II, the population of 56 large Ame rican cities decreased; 57, the population in many Sun Belt cities increased. Los Angeles and Houston are cities 58 population increased. These population shifts to and from the city reflect the changing values of American society. During this time, in the 59 1940s and early 1950s, city residents became wealthier, more prosperous. They had more children. They needed more 60. They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the 61, areas near a city where people live. These are areas without many offices or factories.
During the 1950s the American “dream” was to have a house on the outskirts. Now things are changing. The children of the people who 62 the cities in the 1950s are now adults. They, 63 their parents, want to live in the cities. 64 continue to move to cities in the Sun Belt. Cities are 65 and the population is increasing in 66 states as Texas, Florida, and California. Others are moving to more 67 cities of the Northeast and Midwest, such as Boston, Baltimore and Chicago. Many young professionals, doctors, lawyers, and executives are moving back into the city. They prefer the city 68
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the suburbs because their jobs are there; they are afraid of the fuel shortage; or they just 69 the excitement and opportunities which the city offers. A new class is moving into the
cities — a wealthier, 70 mobile class.
51. A. values B. worth C. importance D. expenses
52. A. well B. good C. better D. best
53. A. maintain B. obtain C. contain D. sustain
54. A. poverty B. wealth C. treasure D. peace
55. A. likely B. as C. while D. when
56. A. all B. most C. few D. much
57. A. but B. and C. however D. although
58. A. its B. which C. where D. that
59. A. late B. later C. lately D. latter
60. A. space B. spots C. time D. food
61. A. outskirts B. downtown C. districts D. suburbs
62. A. departed B. left C. reached D. entered
63. A. as B. like C. dislike D. unlike
64. A. Some B. All C. Several D. Lots of
65. A. stretching B. widening C. expanding D. prolonging
66. A. such B. these C. those D. many
67. A. organized B. famous C. official D. established
68. A. than B. better than C. rather than D. to
69. A. win B. enjoy C. earn D. acquire
70. A. very B. ever C. more D. or
Part V Translation (30 points, 3 points each)
Section A (15 points, 3 points each)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. And write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
（注意：请将译文写在答题纸上，否则无效。）
71.毋容置疑，一个好的导游是一次成功旅游的关键。
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
72.导游通常属于自由职业者，工作任务比较繁多。
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
73.导游很可能是游客在异国目的地见到的第一个客人。
_____________________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________________
74.旅游计划是一份详细的日程计划或建议客人旅游的路线。
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
75.白天的观光游览是整个旅游活动的核心部分。
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Section B (15 points, 3 points each)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese. And write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
（注意：请将译文写在答题纸上，否则无效。）
76.Guests should be dissuaded from visiting crowded and unsafe area.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
77.In the event that the lost guest can’t be found for quite a while, ask the administration service in a scenic spot for a help.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
78.Our country is abundant in plants, animals, and minerals, as well as tourism resources.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
79.The land also has nurtured countless generations of Chinese people and unique national culture.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
80.In the two decades since the initiation of reform and opening to the outside world, China’s socialist construction has scored great achievement and has attracted world attention.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Part VI Answering Questions (5 points, 1 point each)
Directions: For this part, there are five simple questions. And you are expected to give a short answer to each question on the Answer Sheet.
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（注意：请将译文写在答题纸上，否则无效。）
81.Does continental breakfast contain any meat?
_____________________________________________________________________________
82.What kind of beverage does the continental breakfast mainly contain?
_____________________________________________________________________________
83.What meat items does typical American breakfast include?
_____________________________________________________________________________
84.What purpose do all the hotels generally serve?
_____________________________________________________________________________
85.Is there only one hotel-ranking criterion used in any country in the world?
_____________________________________________________________________________
Part VII Writing (10 points)
Directions: For this part, you are expected to write a composition on the topic: A Formal Farewell Speech. You should write at least 120 words according to the following Situations：Your group is now on the way to the airport. It is your responsibility to deliver a parting speech to see Mr. Smith, the group leader and his guests off.
（注意：请将作文写在答题纸上，否则无效。）
A Formal Farewell Speech
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试卷二
I. Multiple-choice Question：（20 points）
Blacken the correct answer on the "Answer Sheet".
1. I got 90 ________.
A. scores
B. mark
C. points
D. score
2. We should ________ a good study habit of taking notes in class.
A. develop
B. improve
C. make
D. remain
3. Is he ________ his girlfriend was once a thief？
A. aware of
B. aware that
C. knowing that
D. aware of that
4. Some people have birthday cakes ________noodles.
A. instead
B. instead for
C. instead to
D. instead of
5. I try to ________ a few dollars each month in order to buy a new bike.
A. set up
B. set out
C. set off
D. set aside
6. There are ________ areas offering a variety of meals and services all within a hotel.
A. no many
B. difference
C. different
D. too much
7. Ruth finally ________ to find what she was looking for.
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A. tried
B. managed
C. succeeded
D. achieved
8. ________ driving to work, Mr. Randolph usually goes to his office by train.
A. Without
B. Rather than
C. Instead of
D. In spite of
9. It was so noisy at night ________ I could hardly sleep.
A. so
B. but
C. what
D. that
10. Paris is ________ that we can hardly visit all the beautiful parks in two or three days.
A. such a large city
B. so a large city
C. such large a city
D. a such large city
11. Unlike most Europeans, many Americans ________ bacon and eggs for breakfast every day.
A. used to eating
B. are used to eating
C. are used to eat
D. used to eat
12. His word are ________ but meaning is deep.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
13. My friend suggests that Mr. Bellow ________ a taste of Sichuan dishes.
A. has
B. have
C. had
D. would have
14. ________ the next days we will be studying English grammar.
A. Whenever
B. Between
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C. Within
D. At
15. If I were in your position, I would ________ another restaurant.
A. have tried
B. have been tried
C. try
D. tried
16. Room service is ________ in the room.
A. to serve meals
B. to do service
C. to clean up
D. to take care of guests
17. It is necessary to greet the guest with a hearty smile ________ to create a pleasant atmosphere and make the guest feel at home.
A. so that
B. in order
C. such as
D. because of
18. By the time he retires Mr. Smith ________ in this hotel for almost 40 years.
A. will have worked
B. will work
C. have worked
D. will has worked
19. You have ________ time to catch the bus.
A. a lot
B. a plenty of
C. plenty of
D. a number of
20. ________ his illness, he is determined to finish the work.
A. In spite of
B. In spite
C. Despite of
D. In spite that
II. Reading comprehension.（15 points）
Passage 1
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Each student at an engineering college in Canada gets a steal ring upon graduation as well as graduation certificate.
There is a story behind the unusual ring. Several years ago, a graduate from this engineering college designed an iron-steel bridge. Unfortunately, because of mistakes in his design, the bridge collapsed soon after it came into use.
This event shook the engineering college. And the head of the college decided to take back the framework of the iron-steel bridge and use it as the material for making rings to give the students upon their graduation. The college wants the students to remember this lesson forever so as to avoid making such mistakes again.
1. Upon graduation each student is given a steel ring as a
A. gift from the college
B. lesson to avoid making any mistakes in design
C. model to make designs
D. warning not to make iron-steel bridge
2. The wrongly-designed iron-steel bridge was finally
A. shipped away
B. sold at a low price
C. made into many rings
D. used again after repairing
3. The ring is quite unusual because
A. its design is excellent
B. it is very expensive
C. it is different from others
D. it had a sad story
4. The best title for the passage is
A. A Great Mistake
B. A Shocking Event
C. A Warning Ring
D. A Wrongly-designed Bridge
5. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？
A. The iron-steel bridge collapsed soon after it was built
B. The iron-steel bridge has been used ever since it was built
C. The iron-steel bridge didn't come into use until it collapsed
D. The bridge collapsed because it was designed by a poor student
Passage 2
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American cities are similar to other cities around the world. In every country, cities reflect the values of the culture. Cities contain the very best aspects of a society：opportunities for education, employment, and entertainment. They also contain the very worst parts of a society：violent crime, racial conflict, and poverty. American cities are changing, just as American society is changing.
After World War II, city residents became wealthier, more prosperous. They had more children. They needed more space. They move out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs, areas near a city where people live. These are areas without many offices or factories. During the 1950s the American "dream" was to have a house in the suburbs.
Now things are changing. The children of the people who left the cities in 1950s are now adults. They, unlike their parents, want to live in the cities. Many young professionals, doctors, lawyers, and executives are moving back into the city. Many are single；others are married, but often without children. They prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there；they are afraid of the fuel shortage；or they just enjoy the excitement and opportunities which the city offers. A new class is moving into the city- a wealthier, more mobile class.
Only a few years ago, people thought that the older American cities were dying. Some city residents now see a bright, new future. Others see only problems and conflicts. One thing is sure：many dying cities are alive again.
6. Paragraph 1
A. explains why American cities are changing
B. shows tat American cities have many problems
C. is a description of cities
D. says：American cities contain the very best aspects of a society
7. In the 1950s the American "dream" was
A. to have a house
B. to buy a new house in the suburbs
C. to have a big car
D. to buy an apartment in the city
8. In paragraph 3, the author gives _______ reasons why people want to live in cities.
A. two
B. four
C. five
D. three
9. According to the article, cities are
A. sick
B. living
C. alive again
191
D. dying
10. The movement of people to and from the city can explain
A. racial conflict
B. social changes
C. violent crime
D. the best aspects of a society
Passage 3
During the early American colonial years, corn was more plentiful than wheat, so corn bread was more common than wheat bread. Friendly Indians showed colonists how to grow corn and how to prepare it for food and pioneer women then improved the Indian cooking techniques. When people traveled, they went to foot or horseback, sleeping and eating in the forests. They carried corn bread for sustenance；the corn bread came to be called journey cake. Later when roads and taverns were built and stagecoaches carried passengers, journey cake became johnnycake, a name many easterners still use for corn bread. The kinds of bread made with cornmeal were-and still are-almost without limit. Every region has its specialities.
From the start, southerners showed a preference for white cornmeal, northerners for yellow. And pioneers on the frontier, when then ran out of yeast, made salt-rising bread. They stirred together water, a little water-ground cornmeal, potatoes, and salt. they set the mixture, uncovered, in a warm place until it absorbed bacteria form the air and began to ferment. Then they removed the potatoes and used the liquid as leavening for their bread, made with white flour.
11. In colonial times, why was corn bread more common than wheat bread？
A. The colonists preferred corn bread.
B. Corn bread did not spoil as rapidly as wheat bread did.
C. Corn was more abundant.
D. The colonists did not know how to make wheat bread.
12. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the preference for a particular kind of corn bread？
A. It tends to vary geographically.
B. It corresponds an individual's social class.
C. It changes over a period of time
D. It depends on whether or not the individual is a gourmet.
13. The bacteria necessary for the fermentation of salt-rising bread came form the
A. Flour
B. potatoes
C. air
192
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