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铁路专业英文词汇

铁路专业英文词汇
铁路专业英文词汇

铁路专业词汇

一、铁路;铁道

railway railroad

铁路线 railway line; railroad line

铁路网 railway network; railroad network 铁道科学 railway science

铁路技术 railway technology

铁路等级 railway classification

国有铁路 national railway; state railway 地方铁路 local railway; regional railway 私有铁路 private railway

合资铁路 joint investment railway; jointly owned railway

标准轨铁路 standard-gage railway

窄轨铁路 narrow-gage railway

米轨铁路 meter-gage railway

宽轨铁路 broad-gage railway

单线铁路 single track railway

双线铁路 double track railway

多线铁路 multiple track railway

重载铁路 heavy haul railway

高速铁路 high speed railway

电气化铁路;电力铁路 electrified railway;electric railway

干线铁路 main line railway; trunk railway 市郊铁路 suburban railway

地下铁道;地铁 subway; metro; underground railway

工业企业铁路 industry railway

矿山铁路 mine railway

轻轨铁路 light railway; light rail

高架铁路 elevated railway

单轨铁路;独轨铁路monorail;monorail railway

磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway;maglev

森林铁路 forest railway

山区铁路 mountain railway

既有铁路 existing railway

新建铁路 newly-built railway

改建铁路 reconstructed railway

运营铁路 railway in operation; operation;operating railway

专用铁路 special purpose railway

干线 trunk line; main line

支线 branch line

铁路专用线 railway special line

货运专线 railway line for freight traffic;freight special line; freight traffic only line

客运专线 railway line for passenger traffic;passenger special line; passenger traffic only line

客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic

铁路运营长度;运营里程 operation length of railway; operating distance; revenue length 列车运行图 train diagram

铁路建筑长度 construction length of railway 区间 section

区段 district

轨距 rail gage; rail gauge

轮重 wheel load

轴重 axle load

最大轴重 maximum allowable axle load

限制轴重 axle load limited

限界 clearance; gauge

限界图 clearance diagram

铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance; structure clearance for railway;

railway struction gauge

基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance; fundamental structure gauge

桥梁建筑限界 bridge construction clearance;bridge structure gauge

隧道建筑界限 tunnel construction clearance;tunnel structure gauge

铁路机车车辆限界 rolling stock clearance for railway; vehicle gauge

机车车辆上部限界 clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock

机车车辆下部限界 clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock

装载限界 loading clearance limit; loading gauge

阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension; clearance limit for oversize commodities

接触网限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire; clearance limit for overhead catenary system; overhead catenary system gauge

列车与线路相互作用 track-train interaction 轮轨关系 wheel-rail relation; wheel-rail interaction

粘着系数 adhesion coefficient

车轮滑行 wheel sliding; wheel skid

车轮空转 wheel slipping

牵引种类kinds of traction;category of traction

牵引方式 mode of traction

牵引定数 tonnage rating; tonnage of traction 装载系数 loading coefficient

速度 speed

持续速度 continuous speed 限制速度 limited speed; speed restriction 均衡速度 balancing speed

构造速度 construction speed; design speed 最高速度 maximum speed

临界速度 critical speed

重载列车 heavy haul train

高速列车 high speed train

超长超重列车 exceptionally long and heavy train

列车正面冲突 train collision

列车尾追 train tail collision

列车尾部防护 train rear end protection

伸缩运动 fore and aft motion

蛇行运动 hunting; nosing

列车压缩 train running in

列车拉伸 train running out

列车分离 train separation

列车颠覆 train overturning

列车动力学 train dynamics

列车空气动力学 train aerodynamics

机车车辆振动 vibration of rolling stock

纵向振动 longitudinal vibration

横向振动 lateral vibration

垂向振动 vertical vibration

摆滚振动 rock-roll vibration

浮沉振动 bouncing; vibration

测滚振动 rolling ; vibration

测摆振动 swaying; vibration

点头振动 pitching; nodding

摇头振动 yawing; hunting

机车车辆共振 resonance of rolling stock

机车车辆冲击 impact of rolling

纵向冲击 longitudinal impact

横向冲击 lateral impact

垂向冲击 vertical impact

货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station

行车指挥自动化 automation of traffic control 编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard

铁路运营信息系统railway operation information system

铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system

运营系统模拟 simulation of operation system 铁路法 railway law

铁道法规 railway act

铁路条例 railway code

铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation

综合运输comprehensive transport;multi-mode transport; intermode transport 国际铁路联运 international railway through traffic

大陆桥;洲际铁路 transcontinental railway;intercontinental railway; land-railway

国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic

国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic

国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic

二、铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction

铁路技术改造 technical reform of railway;technical renovation of railway; betterment and improvement of railway

铁路主要技术条件 main technical standard of railway;main techincal requirement of railway 单位工程 unit project

分部工程 part project

分项工程 item project

预可行性研究 pre-feasibility study

项目建议书 proposed task of project

可行性研究 feasibility study

设计阶段 design phase; design stage

三阶段设计 three-step design; three-phase design

两阶段设计two-step design;two-phase design

一阶段设计one-step design;one-phase design

初步设计 preliminary design

技术设计 technical design

扩大初步设计 enlarged preliminary design;expanded preliminary design

施工图设计construction detail design;working-drawing design

变更设计 altered design

设计概算 apporximate estimate of design;budgetary estimate of design

个别概算 individual approximate estimate

综合概算 comprehensive approximate estimate 总概算 sum of approximate estimate; total estimate; summary estimate

修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate; revised general estimate

调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate

投资检算 checking of investment

预算定额 rating of budget; rating form for budget

概算定额 rating of approximate estimate;rating form for estimate

投资估算 investment estimate

估算指标 index of estimate

机械台班定额 rating per machine per team;rating per machine-team

工程直接费 direct expense of project; direct cost of project

工程间接费indirect expense of project;indirect cost of project

工程预备费 reserve fund of project

设计鉴定 certification of design; appraisal of design

竣工决算 final accounts of completed project 铁路用地 right-of-way

铁路勘测 railway reconnaissance

调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation;investigation survey;investigation surveying and sketching

地形调查 topographic survey

地貌调查topographic feature survey;geomorphologic survey

地质调查 geologic survey

经济调查 economic investigation; economic survey

水文地质调查 hydrogeologic survey

土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition

土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock

土石分类 classification of soil and rock

地基承载力 bearing capacity of foundation;bearing capacity of ground;bearing of subgrade

隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock

地质图测绘 survey and drawing of geological map; surveying and sketching of geological map

勘探 exploration; prospecting

挖探 excavation prospecting

钻探 boring; exploration drilling

物探 geophysical prospecting

室内测试 indoor test; laboratory test

原位测试 in situ test

静力触探 static sounding; static probing;cone penetration test

动力触探试验 dynamic penetration test

标准贯入试验 standard penetration test

区域地质 regional geology

工程地质 engineering geology

不良地质 unfavorable geology

特殊地质 special geology

工程地质条件engineering geologic;requirement; engineering geologic condition 气象资料 meteorological data

冻结深度 freezing depth

地震基本烈度 basic intensity of earthquake;seismic basic intensity

工程地质图 engineering geological map

地层柱状图column diagram of stratum;graphic logs of strata; drill log of stratum 洪水调查 flood survey

河道调查 river course survey

冰凌调查 ice floe survey; frazil ice survey 汇水区流域特征调查 survey of catchment basin characteristics

水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing;dydrologic section;hydrologic cross-section

主河槽 main river channel

设计流速 design current velocity

设计高程;设计标高 design elevation

河流比降 slope of river; comparable horizon of river

历史洪水位 historic flood level

最高水位 highest water level; HWL

通航水位 navigation water level; NWL

桥涵水文 hydrology of bridge and culvert

水利半径 hydraulic radius

桥前壅水高度 backwater height in front of bridge; top water level in front of bridge 桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing

水面坡度 slope of water surface

水文测量 hydrological survey

泥石流流域 catchment basin of debris flow 分水岭 watershed; dividing ridge

汇水面积 catchment area; water collecting area; drainage area

洪水频率 flood frequency

设计流量 design discharge

设计水位 design water level

施工水位 construction level; construction water level; working water level

设计洪水过程线 designed flood hydrograph

容许冲刷 allowable scour

一般冲刷 general scour

局部冲刷 local scour; partial scour

三、铁路测量 railway survey

线路踏勘;草测 route reconnaissance

初测 preliminary survey

定测location survey;alignment;final location survey

导线测量 traversing; traverse survey

光电导线 photoelectric traverse

地形测量 topographical survey 横断面测量 cross leveling; cross-section survey; cross-section leveling

线路测量route survey;profile survey;longitudinal survey

既有线测量;旧线测量survey of existing railway

线路复测repetition survey of existing railway; resurvey of existing railway

测量精度survey precision;precision of survey

均方差;中误差 mean square error

最大误差;极限误差 maximum error; limiting error

中线测量 center line survey

中线桩 center line stake

加桩additional stake; plus stake

外移桩shift out stake;stake outward;offset stake

水准点高程测量 bench mark leveling

中桩高程测量;中平 center stake leveling

曲线控制点 curve control point

放线 setting-out of route; lay out of route 交点 intersection point

副交点 auxiliary intersection point

转向角 deflection angle

分转向角 auxiliary deflection angle

坐标方位角 plane-coordinate azimuth

象限角 quadrantal angle

经纬距 plane rectangular coordinate

断链 broken chain

投影断链 projection of broken chain

断高 broken height

铁路航空摄影测量;铁路航测 railway aerial photogrammetry

铁路航空勘测 railway aerial surveying

航带设计flight strip design;design of flight strip

铁路工程地质遥感 remote sensing of railway engineering geology

测段 segment of survey

航测选线 aerial surveying alignment

航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry

全球定位系统 global positioning system; GPS 像片索引图 index of photography

三角测量trigonometric survey;triangulation

精密导线测量precise traverse survey;accurate traverse survey

三角高程测量 trigonometric leveling

隧道洞外控制测量outside tunnel control survey

隧道洞内控制测量 in tunnel control survey;through survey

隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal;geodetic control point of portal location of adit

桥轴线测量 survey of bridge axis

铁路选线railway location;approximate railway location; location of railway route selection

平原地区选线 location in plain region; plain location

越岭选线 location of mountain line; location of line in mountain region; location over mountain

山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location; location of line of in mountain and valley region

丘陵地段选线 hilly land location; location of line on hilly land

工程地质选线 engineering geoligic location of line

线间距 distance between centers of tracks;midway between tracks

车站分布 distribution of stations

方案比选scheme comparison;route alternative

投资回收期 repayment period of capital cost 纸上定线 paper location of line

缓坡地段 section of easy grade; section of gentle slope

紧坡地段 section of sufficient grade

非紧坡地段 section of unsufficient grade;section fo insufficient grade

导向线 leading line; alignment guiding line 拔起高度;克服高度height of lifting;lifting height; ascent of elevation

横断面选线 cross-section method of railway location;location with cross-section method; cross-section method for location of line

展线 extension of line; development of line;line development

展线系数coefficient of extension line;coefficient of development line

套线 overlapping line

线路平面图 track plan; line plan

线路纵断面图 track profile; line profile 站坪长度 length of station site

站坪坡度 grade of station site

控制区间control section;controlling section

最小曲线半径 minimum radius of curve

圆曲线 circular curve

单曲线 simple curve

缓和曲线 transition curve; easement curve;spiral transition curve

缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature; rate of transition curve

复曲线 compound curve

同向曲线curves of same sense;adjacent curves in one direction

反向曲线 reverse curve; curve of opposite sense

夹直线 intermediate straight line; tangent between curves

坡度 grade; gradient; slope

人字坡 double spur grade

限制坡度 ruling grade; limiting grade

加力牵引坡度 pusher grade; assisting grade 最大坡度 maximum grade

临界坡度 critical grade

长大坡度 long steep grade; long heavy grade 动力坡度 momentum grade

均衡坡度 balanced grade

有害地段 harmful district

无害地段 harmless district

变坡点 point of gradient change; breake in grade

坡段 grade section

坡段长度 length of grade section

坡度差 algebraic difference between adjacent gradients

竖曲线 vertical curve

分坡平段 level stretch between opposite sign gradient

缓和坡度 slight grade; flat grade; easy grade

起动缓坡 flat gradient for starting 加速缓坡 easy gradient for acceleration;accelerating grade

坡度折减 compensation of gradient; gradient compensation; grade compensation

曲线折减compensation of curve;curve compesation

隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel; compensation grade in tunnel

绕行地段 detouring section; round section 换侧;换边 change side of double line

容许应力设计法allowable stress design method

破损阶段设计法 plastic stage design method 极限状态设计法 limit state design method 概率极限状态设计法;可靠度设计法probabilisatic limit state design method 地震系数法 seismic coefficient method

四、路基subgrade;road bed;formation subgrade

岩石路基 rock subgrade

渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade;pervious embankment

非渗水土路基 non-permeable soil subgrade;impervious embankment

特殊土路基 subgrade of special soil

软土地区路基 subgrade in soft soil zone;subgrade in soft; clay region

泥沼地区路基 subgrade in bog zone; subgrade in morass region; subgrade in swampland 膨胀土地区路基;裂土地区路基 subgrade in swelling soil zone; subgrade in expansive soil region

盐渍土地区路基 subgrade in salty soil zone;subgrade in saline soil region

多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil

zone

特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition

河滩路堤 embankment on plain river beach

滨河路堤 embankment on river bank

水库路基 subgrade in reservoir; embankment crossing reservoir

崩塌地段路基 subgrade in rock fall district;subgrade in collapse zone

岩堆地段路基 subgrade in rock deposit zone;subgrade in talus zone; subgrade in scree zone

滑坡地段路基 subgrade in slide

岩溶地段路基;喀斯特地段路基 subgrade in karst zone

洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone;subgrade in cavern zone

风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone; subgrade in desert

雪害地段路基 subgrade in snow damage zone;subgrade in snow disaster zone

泥石流地段路基 subgrade in debris flow zone 路基横断面 subgrade cross-section

路基面 subgrade surface; formation

路基面宽度 width of the subgrade surface;formation width

路拱 road crown; subgrade crown

路肩 Road shoulder; subgrade shoulder

路肩高程 formation level; shoulder level 路堤 embankment; fill

路堑 cut; road; cutting

半堤半堑 part-cut and part-fill section; cut and fill section

基床 subgrade bed; formation

基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed;formation top layer;surface layer of subgrade

基床表层 bottom layer of subgrade; formation base layer; bottom layer of subgrade bed

一般路基general subgrade;ordinary subgrade

最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade; minimum height of fill

临界高度 critical height

基底 foundation base; base

路堤边坡side slope of embankment;fill slope talus

坡脚 toe of side slope

护道 berm

取土坑 borrow pit

路堤填料embankment fill material;embankment filler;filling material of embankment

填料分类 classification of filling material 岩块填料 rock block filler; rock filler;rock fill

粗粒土填料coarse-grained soil filler;coarse-grained soil fill

细粒土填料fine-grained soil filler;fine-grained soil fill

压实标准 compacting criteria

相对密度 relative density

压实系数compacting factor;compacting coefficient

最佳含水量 optimum moisture content; best moisture content

最佳密度 optimum density; best density

核子密度湿度测定 determination of nuclear density-moisture

路基承载板测定 determination of bearing slab

of subgrade

预留沉落量 reserve settlement; settlement allowance

反压护道 berm with superloading; berm for back pressure; counter swelling berm

石灰砂桩 lime sand pile

换土 change soil; soil replacement

爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation; silt arresting by explosion;discharge of sedimentation by blasting

抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation;packing sedimentation by throwing stones; packing up sedimentation by dumping stones

路堑石方爆破 rock cutting blasting; rock blasting in cut

定向爆破 directional blasting

浅孔爆破 shallow hole blasting

深孔爆破 deep hole blasting

洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting; chamher blasting

扬弃爆破 abandoned blasting; abandonment blasting

抛掷爆破 pin-point blasting

松动爆破 blasting for loosening rock

药壶爆破 pot hole blasting

裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting;contact blasting

路堑边坡 cutting slope; side slope of cut 堑顶 top of cutting slope; top of cutting 路堑平台platform of cutting;berm in cutting

弃土堆 waste bank; bankette; spoil bank 五、防护工程Protection works

挡土墙 retaining wall 重力式挡土墙 gravity retaining wall

衡重式挡土墙 balance weight retaining wall;gravity retaining wall with relieving platform; balanced type retaining wall

锚定板挡土墙 anchored retaining wall by tie rods;anchored bulkhead retaining wall;anchored plate retaining wall

加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall; reinforced soil retaining wall

锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall;anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods

管柱挡墙 cylindrical shaft retaining wall 沉井挡墙 caisson retaining wall

抗滑桩anti-slide pile;counter-sliding pile

护墙 guard wall

护坡 slope protection; revetment; pitching 排水沟 weep drain; drainage ditch; drain ditch

边沟;侧沟 side ditch

天沟 gutter; overhead ditch; intercepting ditch

吊沟 suspended ditch

跌水 hydraulic drop

截水沟 intercepting ditch; catch-drain

急流槽 chute

排水槽 drainage channel

渗水暗沟 blind drain

渗水隧洞 leak tunnel; permeable tunnel;drainage tunnel

渗井 leaching well; seepage well

渗管 leaky pipe

平孔排水 horizontal hole drainage

反滤层 reverse filtration layer; inverted filter; protective filter

检查井 inspection well; manhole

砂井;排水砂井 sand drain

隔断层 insulating course; insulating layer 透水路堤pervious embankment;permeable embankment

渗水路堤 immerseable embankment

排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer;drainage sand blanker

坡面防护 slope protection

护岸 revetment; shore protection

导流堤 diversion dike

拦石墙 stone cut off wall; stone falling wall; buttree

落石槽 stone falling channel; trough for catching falling rocks

柴排firewood raft;mattress;willow fascine

固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation

挡风墙 wind-break wall

防风栅栏 wind break fence

砂土液化 sand liquefaction

六、桥梁 bridge

中-活载CR-live loading;China railway standard loading

桥梁标准活载 standard live load for bridge 桥梁荷载谱 bridge load spectrum

换算均布活载 equivalent uniform live load 设计荷载 design load

主力 principal load

恒载 dead load

土压力 earth load

静水压力 hydrostatic pressure

浮力 buoyancy

列车活载 live load of train 列车离心力 centrifugal force of train

列车冲击力;冲击荷载 impact force of train 冲击系数 ceofficient of impact

人行道荷载 sidewalk loading

附加力 subsidiary load; secondary load

列车制动力 braking force of train

列车牵引力 tractive force of train

风荷载 wind load

列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train

流水压力 pressure of water flow

冰压力 ice pressure

冻胀力 frost heaving force

特殊荷载 particular load

船只或排筏的撞击力 collision force of ship or raft

地震力 seismic force

地震烈度 earthquake intensity

地震震级 earthquake magnitude

施工荷载 constructional loading

荷载组合 loading conbination

铁路桥 railway bridge

公铁两用桥combined bridge;combined highway and railway bridge;combined rail-cum-road bridge

跨线桥;立交桥overpass bridge;grade separation bridge; flyover

高架桥 viaduct

旱桥 dry bridge

人行桥 foot bridge; pedestrian bridge

圬工桥 masonry bridge

钢桥 steel bridge

铆接钢桥 riveted steel bridge

栓焊钢桥 bolted and welded steel bridge

全焊钢桥 all welded steel bridge

摩擦结合式高强度螺栓 high strength friction grip bolt

扭剪式高强度螺栓 torshear type high strength blot

螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator

混凝土桥 concrete bridge

钢筋混凝土桥 reinforced concrete bridge

预应力混凝土桥 prestressed concrete bridge 先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete girder

后张法预应力梁 post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder

部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete bridge

结合梁桥 composite beam bridge

低高度梁 shallow girder

无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper

型钢混凝土梁;劲性骨架混凝土梁 girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete;skeleton reinforced concrete girder

简支梁桥 simply supported beam bridge

连续梁桥 continuous beam bridge

悬臂梁桥 cantilever beam bridge

板桥 slab bridge

空心板桥 hollow slab bridge

板梁 plate girder

工形梁 I-beam

箱形梁 box girder

槽形梁 trough girder

桁架 truss

拆装式桁架 demountable truss

刚架桥;刚构桥 rigid frame bridge

斜腿刚架桥;斜腿刚构桥 strutted beam bridge;slant-legged rigid frame bridge 悬板桥;悬带桥 stressed ribbon bridge

悬索桥;吊桥 suspension bridge

斜拉桥 cable-stayed bridge

浮桥pontoon bridge;floating bridge;bateau bridge

拱桥 arch bridge

固端拱;无铰拱 fixed-end arch

双铰拱 two-hinged arch

三铰拱 three-hinged arch

实腹拱 spandrel-filled arch; solid-spandrel arch

空腹拱 open-spandrel arch

双曲拱 two-way curved arch; cross-curved arch

系杆拱;柔性系杆刚性拱 tied arch

榔格尔式桥;刚性系杆柔性拱桥 Langer bridge;flexible arch bridge with rigid tie

洛泽式桥;直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge; rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders

尼尔森桥 Nielsen systen bridge

尼尔森式骆泽梁桥;斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge; rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders

活动桥 movable bridge

竖旋桥 bascule bridge

平旋桥 swing bridge

升降桥 lift bridge

正交桥 right bridge

斜交桥 skew bridge

曲线桥 curved bridge

曲梁 curved beam

特大桥 super maior bridge

大桥 major bridge

中桥 medium bridge

小桥 minor bridge

单线桥 single track bridge

双线桥 double track bridge

多线桥 multi-track bridge

正桥;主桥 main bridge

引桥 approach spans

上承式桥 deck bridge

半穿式桥;中承式half through bridge;midheight deck bridge

下承式桥 through bridge

双层桥 double-deck bridge

永久性桥 permanent bridge

临时性桥;便桥 temporary bridge

跨径;跨度 span

净跨 clear span

桥梁全长 overall length of bridge

桥下净空 underneath clearance

主梁中心距 center to center distance between main girder

节间长度 panel length

梁高 depth of girder

拱度 camber

挠度 deflection

节间 panel

锚跨;锚孔 anchor span

悬跨;吊孔 suspended span

桥梁上部结构 superstructure

腹板 web plate

翼缘 flange

翼缘板 flange plate

弦杆 chord member

腹杆 web member

斜杆 diagonal member

竖杆 vertical member

吊杆 suspender hanger 加劲杆 stiffener

节点 panel point

节点板 gusset plate

拼接板 splice plate

缀条 lacing bar

缀板 stay plate; tie plate

侧向水平联结系 lateral bracing

横联 sway bracing

制动撑架 braking bracing

桥门架 portal frame

纵梁 stringer

横梁 floor beam; transverse beam

桥面系 floor system

端横梁 end floor beam

起重横梁 jacking floor beam

梁端缓冲梁 auxiliary girder for controlling angle change

应变时效 strain ageing

碳当量 carbon equivalent

钢丝 steel wire

钢丝束 bundled steel wires

钢绞线 steel strand

钢筋 reinforcement; steel bar

箍筋 stirrup

纵向钢筋 longitudinal reinforcement

弯起钢筋 bent-up bar

架立钢筋 erection bar

构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement

预应力筋 tendon

套管 sheath

梁腋 haunch

拱圈 arch ring

拱肋 arch rib

拱顶 rach crown

拱矢 rise of arch

起拱点 springing

拱腹 soffit

拱腹线 intrados

拱背钱 extrados

桥塔 bridge tower; pylon

索平面 cable plane

缆索 cable

斜缆 stay cable; inclined cable

吊缆 suspension cable

索鞍 cable saddle

索夹 cable band; cable clamp

锚座 socket

锚碇 anchorage

明桥面 open deck; ballastless deck; open floor

桥梁道碴槽 ballast trough

道碴桥面 ballasted deck; ballasted floor 桥梁护轨 guard rail of bridge

桥梁护木 guard timber of bridge

桥枕 bridge tie; bridge sleeper

桥上人行道 sidewalk on bridge

步行板 foot plank

避车台 refuge platform

伸缩缝 expansion joint

正交异性板 orthotropic plate

栏杆 railing; handrail; handrailing

泻水孔 drainage opening

直结轨道 track fastened directly to steel girders

抗剪连接件;抗剪结合件 shear connector

支座 bearing

固定支座 fixed bearing

活动支座 expension bearing; movable bearing 平板支座 plate bearing

摇轴芝座 rocker bearing 滚轴支座 roller bearing

球面支座 spherical bearing

板式橡胶支座 laminated rubber bearing

盆式橡胶支座 pot rubber bearing

聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing; PTFE bearing

涡流激振 wortex-excited oscillation

弛振 galloping

颤振 flutter

扰流板 spoiler

风嘴 wind fairing

桥梁自振周期natural vibration period of bridge

浮运架桥法 bridge erection by floating

架桥机架设法erection by bridge girder erecting equipment

顶推式架设法erection by incremental launching

拖拉架设法 launching method

赝架式架设法 erection with scaffolding

悬臂架设法 catilever erection; erection by protrusion

悬臂灌注法cast-in-place cantilever construction;free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork

悬臂拼装法cantilevered assembling constrution; free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete

预制混凝土构件precast concrete units;precast concrete members

活动模架逐跨施工法 segmental span-by-span construction using form traveller

桥梁合龙 closure

就地贯注法cast-in-place method;cast-in-situ method

活动吊篮 travelling cradle

顶进法 jack-in method

旋转法施工;转体施工 erection by swing method 液压式张拉千斤顶 hydraulic tensioning jack 桥梁下部结构 substructure

桥台 abutment

重力式桥台 gravity abutment

埋置式桥台 buried abutment

锚定板式桥台 anchor slab abutment

U形桥台 U-shaped abutment

耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered retaining wall

台身 abutment body

前墙 front wall

台帽 abutment coping

翼墙 wing wall

锥体护坡 quadrant revetment; truncated cone banking

台后填方 filling behind abutment

桥墩 pier

空心桥墩 hollow pier

实体桥墩 solid pier

重力式桥墩 gravity pier

柔性桥墩 flexible pier

拼装式桥墩 assembly pier; pier constructed with precast units

制动墩 braking pier

柱式桥墩 column pier

V形桥墩 V-shaped pier

圆端形桥墩 round-ended pier

圆形桥墩 circular pier

矩形桥墩 rectangular pier

排架式桥墩 pile bent pier

墩身 pier body; pier shaft

墩帽 pier coping 围栏railing around coping of pier or abutment

承台 bearing platform

破冰体 ice apron; ice-breaking cutwater;ice guard

地基 foundation; foundation soil; subgrade 加固地基improved foundation;improved ground

天然地基 natural foundation; natural ground 桥梁基础 bridge foundation

扩大基础 spread foundation

明挖基础open-cut foundation;open excavation foundation

沉井基础 open caisson foundation

浮式沉井基础 floating caisson foundation

沉井刃脚 cutting edge of open caisson

围堰 cofferdam

双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation

预制钢壳钻孔基础 prefabricated steel shell bored foundation

泥浆套沉井法slurry jacket method for sinking caisson

空气幕沉井法 air curtain method for sinking caisson

沉箱基础 pneumatic caisson foundation

管柱基础 tubular column foundation

桩基础 pile foundation

预制桩 precast pile

就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile;cast-in-situ concrete pile

螺旋喷射桩 auger injected pile

摩擦桩 friction pile

支承桩 bearing pile

钻孔桩 bored pile

挖孔桩 dug pile

钢桩 steel pile

钢管桩 steel pipe pile

钢板桩 steel sheet pile

板桩 sheet pile

木桩 timber pile

钢筋混凝土桩 reinforced concrete pile

砂桩 sand pile

挤密砂桩 sand conpaction pile

流砂 quick sand; drift sand

送桩 pile follower

试桩 test pile

斜桩 batter pile; raking pile; spur pile 护筒 pile casting

重锤夯实法 heavy tamping method

灰土换填夯实法mothod of lime-soil replacement and tamping

灌注水下混凝土underwater concreting;concreting with tremie method

导流建筑物 regulating structure

丁坝;挑水坝 spur dike

顺坝 longitudinal dam

河床铺砌 river bed paving

码头 wharf

排架 bent

脚手架 scaffold

悬空脚手架 hanging stage; hanging scaffold 七、铁路涵洞 railway culvert

涵洞孔径 aperture of culvert

管涵 pipe culvert

箱涵 box culvert

拱涵 arch culvert

盖板涵 slab culvert

无压力涵洞 inlet unsubmerged culvert

压力式涵洞 outlet submerged culvert 半压力式涵洞 inlet submerged culvert

明渠 open channel; open ditch; open drain 倒虹吸管 inverted siphon

潮汐河流 tidal river

淤积 silting; siltation

流冰 ice drift

铁路轮渡 railway car ferries

轮渡站 ferry station

轮渡栈桥 ferry trestle bridge

渡轮 ferry boat

轮渡引线;轮渡斜引道 ferry slip

八、铁路隧道 railway tunnel

山岭隧道 mountain tunnel

越岭隧道 over mountain line tunnel

水下隧道;水地隧道subaqueous tunnel;underwater tunnel

地铁隧道 subway tunne; underground railway tunnel

浅埋隧道shallow tunnel;shallow-depth tunnel; shallow burying tunnel

深埋隧道 deep tunnel; deep-depth tunnel;deep burying tunnel

单线隧道 single track tunnel

双线隧道 double track tunnel

多线隧道 multiple track tunnel

车站隧道 station tunnel

地铁车站 subway station; metro station

特长隧道 super long tunnel

长隧道 long tunnel

中长隧道 medium tunnel

短隧道 short tunnel

隧道群 tunnel group

地铁工程subway engineering;metro engineering

洞口 tunne ladit; tunnel opening

隧道进口 tunnel entrance

隧道出口 tunnel exit

迎坡;正面坡 front slope

洞门 tunnel portal

洞门框 tunnel portal frame

端墙式洞门 end wall tunnel portal

柱式洞门 post tunnel portal

翼墙式洞门 wing wall tunnel portal

耳墙式洞门 ear wall tunnel portal

台阶式洞门 bench tunnel portal

正洞门 orthonormal tunnel portal; straight tunnel portal

斜洞门 skew tunnel portal

明洞门open-cut-tunnel portal;gallery portal

衬砌 lining

拱圈 arch

边墙 side wall

仰拱 invert; inverted arch

底板 floor

整体式衬砌 integral lining

装配式衬砌 precast lining; prefabricated lining

模筑衬砌 moulded lining

洞口段衬砌 lining of tunnel portal section 偏压衬砌 unsymmetrically loading lining;eccentrically compressed lining

组合衬砌;复合衬砌 composite lining

初期支护 primary support

二次衬砌 secondary lining

隔离层 isolation layer

喷锚衬砌 shorcrete bolt lining

下锚段衬砌;接触网锚段衬砌 anchor-section lining

挤压混凝土衬砌extruding concrete tunnel lining

隔热层 thermal insulation layer

明洞 open-cut tunnel; tunnel without cover;gallery

拱形明洞 arch open cut tunnel; arch tunnel without cover; arch gallery

棚洞 shed tunnel; shed gallery

路堑式明洞cut-type open cut tunnel;cut-type tunnel without cover;cut-type gallery

半路堑式明洞 part cut-type open cut tunnel;part cut-type tunnel without cover;part cut-type gallery

抗滑明洞 anti-skid-type open cut tunnel;anti-skid-type tunnel without cover;anti-skid-type gallery

盖板式棚洞slab shed tunnel;slab shed gallery

刚架式棚洞 framed shed tunnel; framed shed gallery

悬臂式棚洞cantilever shed tunnel;cantilever shed gallery

隧道专家系统 expert system of tunnel

围岩 surrounding rock

围岩压力 pressure of surrounding rock

地层压力 ground pressure; stratum pressure 松弛压力 relaxation pressure

形变压力 deformation pressure

围岩自承能力self-supporting capacity of surrounding rock

坑道自稳时间self-stabilization time of tunnel

弹性抗力 elastic resistance

灌浆压力 grouting pressure

落石冲击力 impact force of falling stone

隧道埋置深度;埋深 buried depth of tunnel 地温梯度 geothermal dradient

地应力 crustal stress

预留变形量 deformation allowance

暗挖法 subsurface excavation method

明挖法 open-cut method

矿山法 mining method; mine tunneling method 钻眼爆破法 drilling and blasting method

新奥法 New Austrian Tunnelling Method; NATM 喷锚构筑法shotcrete-bolt construction method

掘进机法 tunnel boring machine method

盾构法 shield method

沉管法 immersed tunnelling method

地下连续墙法underground diaphragm wall method; underground wall method; diaphragm wall method

全断面开挖法 full-face tunnelling method

分部开挖法 partial excavation method

台阶法 benching tunnelling method

正台阶法 positive benching tunnelling method 反台阶法 negative benching tunnelling method 导坑 heading

上下导坑法 top and bottom heading method

上导坑法 top-heading method

漏斗棚架法 hopper-shed support tunnelling method

蘑菇形开挖法mushroom-type tunnelling method

侧壁导坑法 side heading method

单侧导坑法 single side heading method

双侧导坑法 twin-side heading method

品字形导坑法top and twin-side bottom heading method

眼睛式开挖法spectacles type tunnelling method

超前导坑 advance heading

扩大 enlargement

拉槽 pull trough; trench excavated

马口 excavation of side wall at intervals 控制爆破 controlled blasting

光面爆破 smooth blasting

预裂爆破 presplit blasting

先墙后拱法 side wall first lining method 先拱后墙法 arch first lining method; flying arch method

开挖工作面excavated surface;excavated work face

超挖 overbreak

欠挖 underbreak

找顶 top cleaning

出碴 mucking and removing

有轨运输 track transportation

无规运输 trackless transportation

拱圈封顶 closing the toop of lining

墙顶封口 seal; seal at the top of wall

喷射混凝土回弹 rebound of shotcrete

隧道贯通 tunnel holing-through

隧道贯通误差 tunnel through error

隧道贯通面 tunnel through plane

临时支护 temporary support

构件支撑 member support

钢拱支撑 steel arch support

喷射混凝土支护 shotcrete support

锚杆支护 anchor bolt support

喷锚支护 shotcrete and rock bolt support 系统锚杆 system anchor bolt

超前支护 advance support

超前锚杆 advance anchor bolt

插板支护inserting plate support;

forepoling

小导管预注浆 pre-grouting with small duct 管棚支护 pipe-shed support; pipe roofing support

格构拱;钢花拱;格棚拱 trellis arch; lattice arch

喷射混凝土 shotcrete; spray concrete

干喷混凝土 dry shotcreting

湿喷混凝土 wet shotcreting

潮喷混凝土;半湿喷混凝土half set shotcreting

喷射钢纤维混凝土steel fiber shotcrete;steel fiber reinforced shotcrete

防水混凝土 waterproof concrete

预切槽 precutting trough

辅助坑道 service gallery

竖井 shaft

斜井 inlined shaft

横洞 transverse gallery

平行导坑 parallel heading

横通道 transverse passage-way

调查坑道investigation gallery;survey tunnel

竖井联系测量 shaft connection survey

隧道防水 waterproofing of tunnel

防水等级 classification of waterproof

防水层 waterproof layer

防水板 waterproof board; waterproof sheet 防水涂层 waterproofing coating

隧道压浆 pressure grouting of tunnel

止水带 water stop tie

盲沟 blind ditch

泻水洞 drain cavern; drain tunnel

隧道运营通风 permanent ventilation of tunnel 自然通风 natural ventilation 机械通风 mechanical ventilation

风道式通风 ventilation by air passage

隧道通风帘幕 ventilation curtain

列车活塞作用 piston action of train

隧道射流式通风 tunnel efflux ventilation;tunnel injector type ventilation

隧道通风试验 tunnel ventilation test

隧道施工通风construction ventilation of tunnel

风管式通风 ventilation by pipes

巷道式通风 ventilation by ducts

隧道照明tunnel illumination;tunnel lighting

隧道防灾设施 tunnel anti-disaster equipment 避车洞 refuge hole; refuge recess; refuge niche

隧道火灾 tunnel fire hazard

隧道报警装置 tunnel warning equipment

隧道消防系统 tunnel fire-fighting system

隧道瓦斯爆炸 tunnel gas explosion

隧道监控量测 tunnel monitoring measurement 隧道地表沉降 tunnel ground subsidence

隧道拱顶下沉 tunnel arch top settlement

隧道底鼓 tunnel floor heave

隧道周边位移 tunnel perimeter deflection

隧道地中位移tunnel surrounding mass deflection

隧道改建 tunnel reconstruction

隧道落底 under cut of tunnel

隧道挑顶 top picking of tunnel

隧道套拱 cover arch of tunnel

九、施工调查

construction investigation

施工准备 construction preparation

征地 expropriation

拆迁 removing

租地 rented land

交接桩 delivery-receiving stake

施工复测 construction repetition; repetive survey; construction repetition survey

测量放样 staking out in survey

土石方调配 cut-fill transition

土石方体积图;土积图volume diagram of earth-rock work

隐蔽工程hidden project;hidden construction work

废弃工程abandoned project;abandoned construction work

工程运输 engineering transportation

冬季施工 cold weather construction; winter season construction

雨季施工 raining season construction; rainy season construction

十、工程招标、投标

工程招标 calling for tenders of project;calling for tending of project

工程投标 bidding for project

工程报价 project quoted price

工程发包 contracting out of project

工程承包 contracting of project

工程监理supervision of construction;supervision of project

总预算 total budget

单项预算 individual budget

建筑业总产值total output of building industry

指导性施工组织设计design for guiding construction organization; guiding design for construction scheme

实施性施工组织设计design for practical construction organization; practical design for construction scheme;operative construction organization design

临时工程 temporary project

大型临时工程 large-scale temporary project 小型临时工程 small-scale temporary project 过渡工程 transition project

控制工程 dominant project

关键工程 key project

辅助设施 auxiliary facilities

通车期限 time limit for opening to traffic 施工总工期 total time of construction; total construction time

施工组织方案 construction scheme

开工报告 report on starting of construction work; commencement report of construction work; construction starting report

竣工报告 completion report of construction work

施工计划管理planned management of construction

网络计划技术 network planning technique

施工工艺流程construction technology process; construction process

工法制度 construction method system

施工产值 construction output value

施工利润 construction profit

施工机械利用率utilization ratio of construction machinery

施工机械完好率ratio of construction machinery in good condition

施工形象进度 construction figuue progress;figurative progress of construction work 十一、机械设备

挖掘机 excavating machine; excavator

单斗挖土机 power shovel

索铲挖土机 dragline

反铲挖土机 backhoe

蛤壳式抓斗 clamshell bucket

推土机 bulldozer

铲运机 scoper; scraper; carrying scraper 装载机 loader

带式输送机 belt conveyer

平地机 grader

振动碾压机vibration compactor vibration roller

压路机 roller

潜孔钻机 diving drill

凿岩机 air hammer drill; rock drill

碎石机 crusher

挖沟机 trench cutting machine; trenching machine; trencher

塔式起重机 tower crane; column crane

汽车式起重机 automobile crane; autocrane;truck crane

轮胎式起重机rubber tired crane;rough-terrain crane

履带式起重机crawler crane;caterpiller crane

轨道起重机 track crane; rail crane

浮式起重机;浮吊 floating crane

缆索起重机 cable crane

空中索道 aerial ropway

电动卷扬机 electric winch

电动吊车;电动葫芦 electric hoist

千斤顶 jack

打桩机 pile driver

蒸汽打桩机 steam pile driver; steam pile hammer

柴油打桩机 diesel pile driver 液压打桩机hydraulic pile driver

振动打桩机 vibrating pile driver; vibratory driver

振动沉拨桩机 vibro-driver extractor

静压力拨桩机 static pressure pile extractor;static pressure pile drawing machine

履带式桩架 crawler pile frame

旋转式钻机 swiveling drill machine; rotary drill machine

灌水钻机 diving drill machine

套管钻机 drill machine with casting

冲击式钻机impact-type drill machine;percussion type drill machine

离心水泵 centrifugal pump

真空水泵 vacuum pump

深井水泵 deep well pump

轴流水泵 axial flow pump

清水泵 driving pump

往复式空气压缩机 reciprocating compressor 螺杆式空气压缩机 screw compressor

单转子滑片式空压机 single rotary compressor 水泥输送泵 cement pump

混凝土搅拌机 concrete mixer

鼓筒式混凝土搅拌机 drum concrete mixer

锥形反转出料混凝土搅拌机 tapered reverse tilting concrete mixer

锥形倾翻出料混凝土搅拌机 tapered tilting concrete mixer

强制式混凝土搅拌机 forced concrete mixer

混凝土搅拌楼 concrete mixing plant

简易混凝土搅拌站simple concrete mixing plant

混凝土搅拌运输车concrete mixing and transporting car; truck mixer; transit mixer 混凝土输送泵 concrete pump

电气自动化专业英文词汇与缩写

电力系统 power system 发电机 generator 励磁 excitation 励磁器 excitor 电压 voltage 电流 current 升压变压器 step-up transformer 母线 bus 变压器 transformer 空载损耗 no-load loss 铁损 iron loss 铜损 copper loss 空载电流 no-load current 有功损耗 active loss 无功损耗reactive loss 输电系统 power transmission system 高压侧 high side 输电线 transmission line 高压 high voltage 低压 low voltage 中压 middle voltage 功角稳定 angle stability 稳定 stability 电压稳定 voltage stability 暂态稳定 transient stability 电厂 power plant 能量输送 power transfer 交流 AC 直流 DC 电网 power system 落点 drop point 开关站 switch station 调节 regulation 高抗 high voltage shunt reactor 并列的 apposable 裕度 margin 故障 fault 三相故障 three phase fault 分接头 tap 切机 generator triping 高顶值 high limited value 静态 static (state) 动态 dynamic (state) 机端电压控制 AVR 电抗 reactance 电阻 resistance 功角 power angle 有功(功率) active power 电容器 Capacitor 电抗器 Reactor 断路器 Breaker 电动机 motor 功率因数 power-factor 定子 stator 阻抗 impedance 功角 power-angle 电压等级 voltage grade 有功负载: active load PLoad 无功负载 reactive load 档位 tap position 电阻 resistor 电抗 reactance 电导 conductance 电纳 susceptance 上限 upper limit 下限 lower limit 正序阻抗 positive sequence impedance 负序阻抗 negative sequence impedance 零序阻抗 zero sequence impedance 无功(功率) reactive power 功率因数 power factor 无功电流 reactive current 斜率 slope 额定 rating 变比 ratio 参考值 reference value 电压互感器 PT 分接头 tap 仿真分析 simulation analysis 下降率 droop rate 传递函数 transfer function

电气工程常见英文缩写

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AOC automatic overload control 自动过载控制 APC automatic plant coordinate control automatic power control 机组自动协调控制:自动功率控制APP appendix auxiliary power plant 附录:辅助电源设备 APS acessory power supply 辅助电源 APU auxiliary power unit 辅助动力装置:辅助电源设备 ARM armature 电枢、衔铁 ASR automatic speed run up 自动升速 ASU automatic synchronizing unit 自动同步系统 AT auxiliary transformer 辅助变压器 AUS auxiliary switch 辅助开关 AUX auxiliany 辅助、备用 AVL automatic voltage control 自动电压控制 AVR automatic voltage regulator 自动调压器 BAT battery 电池 BD block decrease 闭锁减 BDUC bus duct 母线导管、母线沟 BDV blowdown voltage 击穿电压 BF back feed 反馈 BHP brake horse power 制动马力

汽车专业英语_单词表

unit1 body 车身chassis 底盘enclosure外壳、套hood车棚、车顶sway 摇摆frame车架steering转向、操作brake 制动weld焊接rivet铆钉bolt螺钉washer垫圈vibration 振动stabilizer稳定器ride乘坐舒适性handling操作稳定性linkages转向传动机构plier钳子distributor分电器alternator交流发电机regulator调节器carburetor化油器radiator散热器、水箱defroster除冰装置sludge金属碎屑transmission变速器differential 差速器power train 传动系unitized body 承载式车身suspension system 悬架系统steering system 转向系braking system 制动系shock absorbers减震器control arms控制臂steering wheel 转向盘steering column转向管柱steering gears 转向器tie rod 横拉杆idler arm随动臂brake shoe制动蹄disc brake 盘式制动器drum brakes 鼓式制动器ignition system 点火系统exhaust system 排气系统lubrication system 润滑系oil filters 机油滤清器drive(or propeller)shaft传动轴universal joints 万向节dynamo发电机horn喇叭swived 旋转steering box转向器timing gear 正时齿轮bevel gear 锥齿轮mesh with与啮合leaf spring 钢板弹簧stub axle 转向节 unit2 longitudinal纵向的transverse横向的reciprocate往复spin旋转piston活塞ignite点火rub摩擦quart夸脱reservoir油箱mechanical机械的enclosed被附上的gallon加仑stroke冲程camshaft凸轮轴combustion燃烧disengaged脱离啮合的flywheel飞轮internal-combustion engine内燃机diesel-fuel柴油LPG=Liquefied Petroleum Gas液化石油气体CNG=Compressed natural gas压缩天然气spark ignition火花点火compression ignition压缩点火spark plug火花塞gas-turbine engine蒸汽机Stirling engine斯特灵发动机lubricating system润滑系统oil pan油底壳oil pump机油泵exhaust system排气系统emission-control system排放控制系统energy conversion能量转换air/fuel ratio空燃比connecting rod连杆TDC=Top Dead Center上止点BDC=Bottom Dead Center 下止点intake stroke进气冲程compression stroke压缩冲程power stroke作功冲程exhaust stroke排气冲程compression ratio压缩比lifter挺柱rocker摇臂retainer弹簧座seal密封件tappet 推杆lobe凸起gasket垫圈valve train配气机构cam follower气门挺柱rocker arm摇臂combustion chamber燃烧室intake valve进气阀exhaust valve排气阀valve stem气门杆valve cover气门室盖valve port阀口valve guide气门导管 unit3

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电气自动化专业英文词汇缩写

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