人教版(2019)新教材高中英语必修第二册第四单元词汇学案

人教版(2019)新教材高中英语必修第二册第四单元词汇学案

UNIT FOUR

1.Confucius [k?n'fju???s]: n. 孔子

Temple of Confucius: 孔庙

Confucius Institute: 孔子学院

1)Confucius was a great thinker, educator, and philosopher.

2)Confucius was a pioneer in the field of education.

孔子: (公元前551年9月28日－公元前479年4月11日),子姓,孔氏,名丘,字仲尼,鲁国陬邑[zōu yì] (今山东曲阜)人,祖籍宋国栗邑[ lìyì] (今河南夏邑),中国古代思想家、政治家、教育家、儒家学派创始人。

孔子开创私人讲学之风,倡导仁义礼智信。有弟子三千,其中贤人七十二。曾带领部分弟子周游列国十三年,晚年修订六经(《诗》《书》《礼》《乐》《易》《春秋》)。去世后,其弟子及再传弟子把孔子及其弟子的言行语录和思想记录下来,整理编成《论语》。该书被奉为儒家经典。

孔子是当时社会上最博学者之一,在世时就被尊奉为“天纵之圣”“天之木铎”,更被后世统治者尊为孔圣人、至圣、至圣先师、大成至圣文宣王先师、万世师表。其思想对中国和世界(特别是亚洲)都有深远的影响,其人被列为“世界十大文化名人”之首。

2. mansion [?m?n?n]: n. 公馆;宅第

Kong Family Mansion: 孔府

1)My grandfather spared no money when he built this mansion.

2)Compared with our old house, the new one is a mansion.

3)What I need is just a small room, not a mansion. 3. cemetery [?sem?tri]: n. 墓地;公墓

tomb [tu?m]: n. 坟墓

grave: n. 坟墓

Cemetery of Confucius: 孔林

1)A cemetery is a place where dead people’s bodies or their ashes are buried.

2)The old man died and was buried in the cemetery.

3)She rests beside her husband in the local cemetery.

4. philosophy [f??l?s?fi]: n. 哲学

philosopher [f??l?s?f?(r)]: 哲学家

1)Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy.

2)Confucius is one of his favourite philosophers.

3)He studied philosophy at Cambridge.

4)Philosophy is too deep for me.

5. descendant [d??send?nt]: n. 后裔;后代;子孙

generation [?d?en??re??n]: n.一代(人)

from generation to generation: 世世代代;一代代

1)Confucius has over 3 million descendants.

2)As one of Confucius’ descendants, Xiao Kong’s name is recorded in the family tree.

3)He says he’s a direct descendant of William shakespeare.

6. individual [??nd??v?d?u?l]: n. 个人

adj. 单独的;个别的

person: n. 人

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people: n. 人; 民族

1)An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of

the individual words.

2)Sometimes I feel that individuals can have little effect on such huge

environmental problems.

3)The museum is open to both teams and individuals.

7. heel [hi?l]: n. 足跟; (脚/袜子/鞋等的)后跟

Achilles’ [??kili:z] heel: (喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟; 致命的弱点

1)English is his Achilles’ heel.

2)Lucy’s Achilles’ heel is that she cannot believe in others.

3)She will buy shoes with a low/high heel.

阿喀琉斯的脚跟/之踵[zhǒng]

阿喀琉斯, 是凡人英雄珀琉斯和海洋女神忒[tè]提斯的爱子。忒提斯为了让儿子炼成“金钟罩”, 在他刚出生时就将其倒提着浸进冥河。遗憾的是, 阿喀琉斯被母亲捏住的脚后跟却不慎露在水外, 在全身留下了唯一一处“死穴”。后来, 阿喀琉斯被帕里斯一箭射中脚踝[huái]而死去。后人常以“阿喀琉斯之踵”譬喻这样一个道理：即使是再强大的英雄，也有致命的死穴或软肋。

8. kingdom [?k??d?m ]: n. 王国;领域

king: n. 国王

queen: n. 女王; 王后

prince: n. 王子; 王孙; 亲王

princess: n. 公主; 王妃

field/area: n. 领域

1)What are the four countries of the United Kingdom? 2)The king is the most important person in a kingdom.

9. chief [t?i?f]: adj. 最重要的;最高级别的

n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长(复数: chiefs)

main/major: adj.主要的

important: adj. 重要的

importance: n. 重要; 重要性

the chief problem/reason: 主要问题/原因(理由)

1)According to the text, what are two chief advantages of studying the history of a

country?

2)Her chief worry was that she might fail in the test.

3)The chief of the police station demanded severe punishments for such a person.

4)The Indian chief was killed by four British soldiers.

10. puzzle [?p?zl]: n. 谜;智力游戏;疑问

v. 迷惑;使困惑

puzzling: adj. 令人迷惑的/困惑的

puzzled: adj. (人感到)困惑的;迷惑不解的

a word puzzle: 字谜

be puzzled about sth: 对某事迷惑不解

1)Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.

2)What puzzles him is why that movie is so popular.

3)These problems will puzzle the scientist.

4)These problems are puzzling.

5)The scientist is puzzled about these problems.

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6)She had a puzzled look on her face.

11.nearby [?n???ba?]: adv. 在附近

adj. 附近的;邻近的(常在名词前)

near: 在...附近

be near to...: 距...近

be far from...: 距...远

1)In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of

England.

2)Her mother lives in a nearby town. = Her mother lives in a town nearby.

3)Her mother lives near the town.

4)Though they all live nearby, they don’t know each other.

12. join ... to...: 把…和…连接或联结起来

join in sth/doing...: 参加(活动/运动会等)

join sb in doing...: 参加某人做什么

join up：连起来; 参军; 会合

1)In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of

England.

2)The island is joined to the mainland (大陆) by a bridge.

3)You should never join an electric wire to a water pipe.

13. break away (from sb/sth): 脱离;背叛;逃脱

break out: （战争/火灾/疾病等）爆发

break down: 毁掉; 坏掉; 抛锚; 身体垮掉; 分解(物理/化学）

break up: 分解(物理); 拆开; 驱散; 拆散

break with: 与…断绝关系

break into…: 闯入

break in: 闯入; 插话

1)Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the

UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

2)It was wrong for him to break away from all his good friends.

3)The thief tried to break away from the policeman, but he failed.

4)Some people in Taiwan want to break away from the Chinese mainland.

14. belong [b?'l??]: v. 应在(某处);适应

belong to...: 属于; 是…的成员(不能用于进行时态和被动语态)

1)The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.

2)This truck belongs to Mrs. Smith.

3)We belong to the Nature Club.

4)This music really belongs in the new concert hall.

15. as well as: 同(一样也); 和; 还

1)They visited some factories, hospitals as well as the school.

2)As well as playing football with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets.

3)The teacher as well as her students enjoys listening to English songs.

as well as, along with, together with等连接的名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词与其前面的名词或代词保持一致。它们的意思是: “和”。

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1)The man, as well as his three children, is going out for hiking this weekend.

2)The headmaster together/along with the teachers is discussing this big problem.

as well, too, also, either: 也

前三个用于肯定句, either 用于否定句。

1)I have been to the Great Wall as well．

2)I have been to the Great Wall (,) too．

3)I have also been to the Great Wall.

4)I have not been to the Great Wall either.

16. currency [?k?r?nsi ]: n. 通货; 货币

money: n. 钱

cash: n. 现金

bill/note: n. 纸币

coin: n. 硬币

1)You’ll need some cash in local currency but you can also use your credit card.

2)We can exchange our currency for dollars in the hotel.

3)The government is short of hard currency to pay for imports.

17. military [?m?l?tri ]: adj. 军事的;军用的

military training: 军训

1)They had their military training last month.

2)We may have to take military action.

18. defence [d??fens ]: n. 防御;保卫

defend [d??fend ]: v. 防御;保卫

the Department of Defense: 国防部

1)They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same

currency and military defence. 2)The town walls were built as a defence against enemy attacks.

3)The soldiers have been sent to defend the borders(边境).

19. legal ['li:ɡl]: adj. 法律的;合法的

legally: adv. 法律上;合法地

illegal [??li:gl]: adj. 不合法的;违法的

illegally: adv. 不法地

law: n. 法律

【in- im- un- dis- -less il- ab-】

1)For example, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different

education systems and legal systems.

2)Everyone must earn money in the legal way.

3)She is considering taking legal action against the hospital.

20. surround [s??ra?nd ]: v. 围绕;包围

surrounding: adj. 周围的;附近的

surroundings: n.环境;周围的事物

be surrounded with/by…: 被…围绕/包围

1)The police have surrounded the office building.

2)They realized they were surrounded on all sides.

3)The lake is surrounded with/by trees.

21.evidence ['ev?d?ns]: n. 证据;证明

【不可数名词: 前面不能加an/a, 后不能加s】

1)Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of

four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout

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history.

2)We have no evidence to support the case.

3)Modern science has given clear evidence that smoking can lead to many diseases.

22. achievement [?'t?i:vm?nt]: n. 成就;成绩;达到

achieve : v. 取得; 获得; 实现; 成功

1)Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads.

2)They are proud of their children’s achievements.

3)We must work hard to achieve our goals.

23. location [l???ke??n ]: n. 地方;地点;位置

destination: n. 目的地

locate : v. 使位于; 确定准确地点

be located in/at/to…: 位于; 坐落在

1)The Vikings came in the eighth century, left behind lots of new vocabulary, and

also the names of many locations across the UK.

2)It is a suitable location for a new airport.

3)The factory is located at the foot of a hill.

24. conquer [?k??k?(r) ]: v. 占领; 征服; 控制

control [k?n?tr??l]: v. 控制; 统治; 指挥; 支配

contain [k?n?te?n]：v. 含有; 包含; 容纳; 控制; 克制; 抑制

take/gain control of：控制; 接管

1)I believe that we can conquer cancer in the near future. 2)Human beings are learning to conquer all kinds of natural disasters.

3)I heard the news that they had conquered COVID -19.

4)The USA intended to conquer the small country in three months, but failed. 25.battle ['b?tl ]: n. 战役;搏斗

v. 搏斗;奋斗

war: n. 战争

war -- campain -- battle -- fight

1)They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century.

2)With the support of the world, we have the full confidence to win the battle

against the virus.

3)The doctors battled throughout the night to save the woman’s life.

4)The man battled against cancer for four years.

26. port [p??t ]: n. 港口(城市)

airport: 飞机场; 空港

harbour: 港口; 港湾

1)The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that

has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.

2)The port has been attacked by German fighters for the past five days.

27.fascinating [?f?s?ne?t?? ]: adj. 极有吸引力的;迷人的

1)The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and

old traditions.

2)He told some fascinating stories about his life in France.

3)Guilin is the most fascinating place that I have ever been to.

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28.keep your eyes open (for...): 留心; 留意

1)If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both

its past and its present.

2)While you are checking the animals, keep your eyes open for any signs of disease.

29.charge [t?ɑ:d?]: v. 收费; 指控; 主管;充电

n. 主管; 收费;主管

free of charge: 免费

get charged: 受指控; 充电

charge the cellphone/battery: 给手机/电池充电

charge sb with…: 指控

take charge of…: 负责; 主管

be in charge of…: 负责; 主管

be in the charge of…: 由…负责/主管

1)Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar

Square, where we could get our car battery charged.

2)The project(工程) is in the charge of Mr. Wang.

3)Mr. Wang is in charge of the project.

4)He took charge of the factory after his father’s death.

30. announce [?'na?ns]: v. 宣布;通知;声称

announcement : n. 通告;宣告

1)When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it

announced that there were no audio guides left. 2)The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain.

3)The US also announced the deaths of six soldiers.

31. amount [??ma?nt ]: n. 金额;数量

quantity: n. 数量

quality: n. 质量

1)We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the

amount of noise at the entrance of the national Gallery.

2)She needs that amount of money to survive.

3)He has a large amount of /large amounts of work to do every day. (大量)

a large amount of + 不可数名词+ 单动(大量)

large amounts of + 不可数名词+ 复动(大量)

1)A large amount of water has been polluted.

2)Large amounts of water have been polluted.

32. gallery [?ɡ?l?ri]: n. 展览馆;画廊

an art gallery: 美术馆

the National Gallery: 国家美术馆

1)We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the

amount of noise at the entrance of the national Gallery.

2)Her pictures are on display at the art gallery.

3)The gallery has a number of the artist’s early works.

33. approach [??pr??t? ]: n.方法;途径; 接近; 道路

v. 接近; 接洽; 着手处理; 靠近

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an approach to (doing) sth…:(做) 什么的方法

a method of/for (doing) sth…:(做) 什么的方法

a way of doing/to do sth…:做什么的方法

a manner of doing sth…:做什么的方法

1)It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.

2)As you approach the city, you’ll see the university on the right.

3)We will explore different approaches to gathering information.

4)We will adopt different approaches to (solving) the problems.

5)Winter is approaching.

6)The bank has approached the problems in different ways.

34. ensure/insure [?n????(r)]: v. 保证; 确保; 担保

ensure sb sth:

ensure sth:

ensure + that 句子:

1)She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely.

2)I will ensure that the car arrives at the station by seven o’clock.

3)Please ensure/make sure that all the lights are turned off when you leave the hall.

4)Your good plan has ensured our success.

5)This m edicine will ensure you a good night’s sleep.

35. landscape [?l?ndske?p]:n. (陆上/乡村的)风景

view: n. 景色;风景

scenery: n. 风景;景色

sight: n. 风景;景象

enjoy the ...: 欣赏风景

watch/see the ...: 看风景

1)Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look

amazing.

2)This is an oil painting of a landscape in autumn.

3)The six hills with the valley form a beautiful landscape.

36.generous ['d?en?r?s]: adj. 慷慨的;大方的;丰富的

generously: adv. 慷慨地

be generous with sth．在某方面慷慨大方

be generous to sb．对某人慷慨大方

It is generous of sb. to do sth．某人做某事真是大方。

1)The old couple are always generous to the poor people.

2)She is a warm, generous and kind-hearted woman.

3)He was always generous in sharing his money.

4)They are generous although they are poor.

5)It was generous of you to lend me your new car for my holiday.

37. butter [?b?t?(r) ]: n. 黄油;奶油

v. 涂黄油于

(a piece of) bread and butter: (一块)黄油面包

1)He spread some butter on his bread.

2)She buttered nine slices of bread.

3)Is the bread and butter enough for you three?

38. honey [‘h?ni]: n. 蜂蜜;(爱称)亲爱的;宝贝

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bee: n. 蜜蜂

honeymoon: n. 蜜月

1)Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with

butter and honey that was homemade.

2)Add more honey if you have a sweet tooth.

3)Honey, I don’t really think that’s a good idea.

4)They went to Europe for their honeymoon last spring.

39.ancestor [??nsest?(r) ]: n. 祖宗;祖先

descendant: n. 后裔; 后代; 子孙

generation: n. 一代; 一辈

1)The family’s ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First

World War.

2)My ancestors came (to Chongqing) from Guizhou Province.

3)Do you visit your ancestors’ graves during the Qingming Festival?

40. position [p??z??n]: v. 安装;安置;使处于

n. 位置; 职位; 姿态;地方

in place/position: 在合适的/恰当的地方

out of place/position: 在不合适的/恰当的地方

1)I should like to apply for the position of Sales Director.

2)The map shows the position of the new airport.

3)He was lying in a very uncomfortable position.

4)You should position the table in the middle of the dining-room. 5)You must put the medicines in position.

41. courtyard [?k??tjɑ?d ]: n. 庭院;院子

yard: n. 院子; 庭院; 花园; 果园; 菜园

court: n. 法院; 法庭; 球场; 院子

1)I will show my friends around Wang Family Courtyard.

2)Tell the children to go and play in the courtyard.

42. snack [sn?k]: n. 点心;小吃; 快餐; 易办到的事

a snack lunch: 快餐午饭

1)Some of the snacks there are amazing.

2)Lunch was a snack in the fields.

3)Don’t have too many snacks, or you willget fat.

4)I think the work is a snack/a piece of cake for me.

43. eager [?i:g?]: adj. 热切的；渴望的

eagerly: adv. 热切地;渴望地

be eager to do...: 渴望做

be eager for sth: 渴求某物

1)There were many eager persons outside (of) the stadium.

2)All the students in our class are eager to enter key universities. 44. poet [?p???t]: n. 诗人

poem [?p???m]: n. 诗;诗歌(可数名词)

p oetry [?p???tri]: n.诗集; 诗歌; 诗作(不可数名词)

1)The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets.

2)She always wrote poems about how she felt.

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3)China is a country with a history of over 5,000 years.

45. county [?ka?nti ]: n.(英国/爱尔兰)郡; (美国的)县

country: n. 国家; 农村

countryside: n. 农村

1)The county has a population of 650,000 people.

2)Over 40 events are planned throughout the county.

3)Up to four million people visited the county last year.

46.feast [fi?st ]: n. 盛宴;宴会;节日(宗教节日)

holiday: n.假期; 假日;节日(尤指宗教节日或国家庆典日) festival: n. 节; 节日

vacation: n. 假期

1)That evening they held a feast for their foreign friends.

2)Christmas is an important feast for some people in the west.

47. roll [r??l]: v. (使)翻滚;(使)滚动; 翻转; 卷起来

n. 卷(轴); 翻滚; 卷形物;面包圈

a roll of paper/cloth: 一卷纸/一匹布

role [r??l]: n. 角色; 作用

play a role/part in…: 在…中起作用/扮演角色

1)The car rolled down the hill.

2)The woman rolled up /down the window and drove on.

3)Let’s roll up our sleeves and work hard.

4)The dog had three rolls on the ground just now. 48.dot [d?t]: n. 点;小(圆)点

v. 加点; 遍布

1)https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0f6612093.html,TV. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0f6612093.html,

2)The island is a small green dot on the map.

3)Don’t forget to dot the letter i.

4)Small villages dot the countryside.

49.cattle [?k?tl ]: n. 牛(牛的总称)(集合名词)

cow: n. 母牛; 奶牛

ox: n. 公牛(已阉割) (复数: oxen)

bull: n. 公牛(未阉割)

the Chicago Bulls: 芝加哥公牛队

a head of cattle: 一头牛

eighty head of cattle: 80头牛

cattle: 集合名词,前面不能加a,词尾也不可加s。常和many,these,those,the 等连用。用作主语时,句子的谓语动词多用复数。

1)Some cattle are drinking at the pool.

2)The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald IsIe” and its many green counties is a

true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.

people, police等作主语, 动词也用复数。

The police/people are searching the forest for the eight lost children.

50.roar [r??(r)]: v. / n. 吼叫;咆哮

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1)Don’t roar at your parents.

2)A moment ago, we heard the roars of lions in the forest.

51. ocean [????n ]: n. 大海;海洋

the Arctic/Atlantic/Indian/Pacific Ocean: 北冰洋/大西洋/印度洋/太平洋

1)And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make

up the music of the coast.

2)They may go hiking around the island, or swimming in the ocean.

52.scent [sent]: n. 气味;气息

send -- sent -- sent : 派遣; 发送

smell: n. 气味; 臭味

v. 闻; 嗅; 闻起臭

1)The air is filled with the scent of wild flowers.

2)The girl is wearing a scent like roses.

3)A police dog picked up the killer’s scent.

53. greet [ɡri?t]: v. 问候; 迎接

greeting : n. 招呼; 迎接; 祝词

a greeting card: 贺卡

great [ɡre?t]: adj. 伟大的; 优秀的; 巨大的

1)On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in

the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.

2)She greeted all the guests warmly as they arrived at her courtyard. 54. pub [p?b]: n. 酒吧;酒馆

bar: n. 酒吧; 小馆子

r estaurant[?restr?nt]: n. 餐馆;餐厅

hotel [h???tel]: n.旅馆; 酒吧; 酒馆; 餐馆

1)To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a

glass of wine or a local beer.

2)She was in the pub until closing time.

55.wine [wa?n]: n. 葡萄酒;果酒

a bottle of wine: 一瓶葡萄酒

a glass of dry/sweet wine: 一杯干/甜葡萄酒

red/rose/white wine: 红/玫瑰红/白葡萄酒

1)The waiter offered him red wine with his meal.

2)They now say that wine is good for your health.

56. beer [b??(r) ]: n. (一杯)啤酒

a beer = a glass of beer: 一瓶啤酒

【tea coffee beer drink 等也可以这样用】

liquor [?l?k?(r)]: n.烈酒

spirits: n. 烈酒

1)He sat in the kitchen drinking beer.

2)Shall we have a beer?

3)She has drunk a beer/a glass of beer.

4)Is your uncle a beer drinker?

57.stew [stju?]: n. 炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)

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v. 炖;煨

cook: v. 煮; 烹饪; 烹调

cook breakfast/lunch/supper/the dinner: 做早饭/午饭/晚饭/饭

1)Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew.

2)I will make a stew for lunch.

3)The meat needs to stew for about two hours.

4)I decide to stew this piece of pork.

58.cust om [?k?st?m ]: n. 风俗;习俗;习惯

customs: n. 海关; 关税

customer : n. 顾客;主顾

habit: n. 习惯(通常指个人的习惯)

practice: n. 习惯; 习俗; 练习; 实践

It is a/the/ one’s custom to do...: 做什么是...习惯

It is a/the custom to do...: 做什么是...习俗/风俗

form/develop/have/be in a (the) habit of doing sth: 养成做…的习惯

get/fall into the habit of doing sth: 养成做…的习惯

break/kick the habit of doing sth: 戒除/改掉做…的习惯

1)And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to

experience local culture and customs first-hand.

2)It is a traditional custom for Chinese old people to live with their children and

their grandchildren.

3)It is the custom in that country for women to marry young. 4)It is her custom to get up early.

59. sensory [?sens?ri ]: adj. 感觉的;感官的

sense: n. 感官(即视觉、嗅觉、听觉、触觉、味觉)

the sense of sight/ smell/hearing/touch/ taste: 视觉/嗅觉/听觉/触觉/味觉

sensory organs: 感觉器官

What words does the writer use to describe sensory details?

60.striking [?stra?k??]: adj. 引人注目的;显著的

strike [stra?k] : v. 罢工; 侵袭; 重创; 打; 碰撞; 打动; 敲钟; (钟)打点/报时(strike -- struck --- struck/stricken)

1)A striking image. 引人注目的形象

2)There is a striking difference between Tom and Peter.

61.transition [tr?n?z??n]: n. 过渡;转变;变迁

1)They are now in a transition stage of the reform.

2)We need to ensure a smooth transition between the old system and the new one.

3)The transition from school to work can be difficult

62.crowd [kra?d]: v. 挤满; 使拥挤

n. 人群;一群人;观众; 民众;群众

a crowd of/crowds of :一大群; 很多

crowd in (on sb): (想法/问题等) 涌上心头;涌入

crowd into sth: 大批涌入...

crowded : adj. 拥挤的; 挤满的

be crowded with...: 挤满…

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1)Dave could not find a seat in the room. It was very crowded.

2)I want to get there early to avoid the crowds.

3)A crowd of people are waiting in front of the school gate.

4)Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in on her.

5)Millions of people have crowded into the center of the capital.

6)In the spring the park is always crowded with people every day.

63. Wales [we?lz]:威尔士(英国)

64. Scotland ['sk?t?l?nd]:苏格兰(英国)

65. Northern Ireland [?n??en'a?l?nd]: 北爱尔兰(英国)

66. Anglo-Saxon [???gl?u's?ksn]: 盎格鲁---撒克逊人

67. Viking [va?k??]: n.维京人;北欧海盗

维京人, 别称北欧海盗, 老家是挪威、丹麦和瑞典，他们从公元8世纪到11世纪一直侵扰欧洲沿海和不列颠岛屿,开始只是打劫西欧沿海的修道院,后逐渐对其他欧洲国家进行有组织的入侵,足迹遍及从欧洲大陆至北极广阔疆域,欧洲这一个时期被称为“维京时期”(Viking Age)。除了征战,维京人还是伟大的航海家,向西他们逐渐发现了冰岛和格陵兰岛,并最终到达北美。向东他们一度到达了里海。

68. Norman ['n??m?n]: adj.诺曼式的;诺曼人的

the Normans: 诺曼人

诺曼人指定居在法国北部(或法兰克王国)的维京人及其后裔。诺曼人建立诺曼底公国,同时也远征意大利南部、西西里以及英格兰、威尔斯、苏格兰、爱尔兰,并向这些地区移民拓殖。

69. Battle of Hastings['he?st??z]:黑斯廷斯战役

黑斯廷斯战役是1066年10月14日,英格兰国王哈罗德·葛温森(Harold II)的盎格鲁--撒克逊军队和诺曼底公爵威廉一世(William of Normandy)的军队在黑斯廷斯(英国东萨塞克斯郡濒临加来海峡的城市)地域进行的一场交战,以征服者威廉获胜告终。此战也被认为是欧洲中世纪盛期开始的标志。

70. Roman ['r?um?n]: adj.古罗马的; 罗马的

n.古罗马人; 罗马市民

71. Van Gogh [v?n'g?f]: 梵高(荷兰画家)

文森特·威廉·梵高(Vincent Willem Van Gogh )(1853年3月30日—1890年7月29日)，荷兰后印象派画家。代表作有《星月夜》、自画像系列、向日葵系列等。梵高出生于荷兰乡村津德尔特的一个新教牧师家庭,早年的他做过职员和商行经纪人,还当过矿区的传教士最后他投身于绘画。他早期画风写实,受到荷兰传统绘画及法国写实主义画派的影响。1886年,他来到巴黎,结识印象派和新印象派画家,并接触到日本浮世绘的作品,视野的扩展使其画风巨变。1888年,来到法国南部小镇阿尔,创作《阿尔的吊桥》；同年与画家保罗·高更交往,但由于二人性格的冲突和观念的分歧,合作很快便告失败。此后,梵高的疯病(有人记载是“癫痫病”)时常发作,但神志清醒时他仍然坚持作画。1889年创作《星月夜》。1890年7月,梵高在精神错乱中开枪自杀,年仅37岁。

72. the Emerald Isle ['em?r?ld?a?l]: 绿宝石岛(爱尔兰的别称)

73. Irish ['a?r??]: adj. 爱尔兰的; 爱尔兰人(或语)的

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人教版_高中英语必修一unit1_知识点总结

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