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大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇
大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇

There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.

The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.

Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. long-term goals mean a lot______.

we complete our short-range goals

we cannot reach solid short-term goals

we write down the dates

we put forward some plans

short-term goals are bulid upon______.

years goals

activities goals that have been completed

we complete each step of our goals ,______.

will win final success

are overwhelmed

should build up confidence of success

should strong desire for setting new goals

our goals are drawn up,_______.

should stick to them until we complete them

may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities

had better wait for the exciting news of success

have made great decision

is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.

who habe long-term goals will succeed

down the dates may discourage you

goal is only a guide for us to reach our desination

should have a goal

答案:adcbc

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之二(含答案)

The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The

production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.

1. What is the best title of the passage

a. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’s

b. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’s

c. . Economy in the 50’s

d. The Federal Budget of 1952

2. In Line 3, the word “boom” could best be replaced by______.

a. nearby explosion

b. thunderous noise

c. general public support

d. rapid economic growth

3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.

a. confidence

b. confusion

c. disappointment

d. suspicion

4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s

a. Economists

b. Frmaers

c. Politicians

d. Steelworkers

5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the . was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it

a. 60%

b. 50%

c. 33%

d. 90%

答案:cdabc

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之三(含答案)

Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging University was rated among the lowest for the a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.

One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.

College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.

Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.

Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist.

"Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting

valuable study time."

to Spirduso,women need to ____.

a report on sexual discrimination

for further improvement in their working conditions

their energies and time fighting against sexual discrimination

more time and energy doing scholarly activities

this passage ,we know that _____.

are many women full professors in the University of Texas

play an important part in adminitrating the University

weather on the campus is chilly

make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University

of the following statements is true

number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985

number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985

number of women professors was the same as that of 1985

and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University

of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.

were told to con centrate on teir work

were given information about available administrative jobs

were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversity

were encouraged to do more scholarly activities

5. The title for this passage should be _______.

University of Texas

's Report

Professors

Discrimination in Academia

答案:ddabd

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之四(含答案)

Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 . adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death. Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.

First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have

excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .

Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.

to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.

accidents

desease

of these

day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.

"dropout" the author means______.

who failed the examination

who left school

who lost their way

who were driven out of school

reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.

has taken effective measures

is prevented among high school seniors

are many smokers who have died of cancer

of these

is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.

rates among youth have declined very little

are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors

smoking rates are due to the incease in wealth

at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds

答案:bdbdb

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之五(含答案)

The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.

is the best possible title of the passage

and Food

and Health

and Health

and Drug

of the following statements is NOT ture

are always given to animals for medical reasons

of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animals have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.

may cause forty percent of cancer in world.

has science done something harmful to mankind

of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.

has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.

of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food. scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.

are nitrates used for

preserve flavor in packaged foods.

preserve the color of meats.

are the objects of research.

cause the animals to become fatter.

word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.

答案:cacbd

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之六(含答案)

As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.

Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.

The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even

if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.

are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.

do not know how to enjoy themselves

do not believe that relaxation is important for health

are travelling fast all the time

are becoming busier with their work

to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.

fearing stress

the art of relaxation

sense of responsibility

control over performance

of the follwing statements is ture

can find some ways to avoid stress

is always harmful to people

is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.

people can withstand different amounts of stress

Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.

a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"

b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"

c."responding to crises quickly"

d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"

the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.

a."expose ourselves to stress"

b."find ways to deal with stress"

c."remove stress from our lives"

d."established links between diseases and stress"

答案:dadbc

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之七(含答案)

In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the . epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing."

A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing

marijuana.

Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.

did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s

were not satisfied with American society.

wanted to grow marijuana.

wanted to go to the Vietnam War.

did not want all people to be equal.

did the members of the Hog Farm commune live

dome-shaped house

old school huses

a farm inTennessee

an archology in Arizona

gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house

Soleri

Gaskin

Fuller

was the Twin Oaks commune base on

philosophy of "do your own thing"

in the late 1960s

ideas of psychologist

belief that people must live closely togerher.

is an "archology"

person who studies archaeology

large building where people live closely together

city in A rizona

technique to contorl people

答案:abdcb

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之八(含答案)

There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is

likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.

The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's . was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.

selection can best be titled_________.

Your Intelligence

and Environment

Case of Peter and Mark

the brain Influences Intelligence

beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.

brains differ considerably

brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligence

is crucial in determining a person's intelligence

d. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence

to the passage , the average _____.

case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.

with identical brains seldom test at same level

individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviroment

of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence

of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain

passage suggests that an individual 's be predicted at birth

the same throuthout his life

be increased by education

determined by his childhood

答案:bcbcc

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之九(含答案)

As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume

Besides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.

Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.

She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.

When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.

's father _______.

not like present

got present

ties

difficult to choose a present for

assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.

in ties

need of comfort

stopped at the next counter_________.

's father smoked a pipe_______.

he was obliged

social occasions

time to time

he was delighted

was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.

trod on each other's toes

poked each other with their elbows

knocked each other

were doing their shopping in a great hurry

答案:dbdcd

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十(含答案)

If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.

Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.

Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.

When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.

long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.

Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____

might be possible to change its atmosphere

atmosphere is the same as the earth's

is a good supply of water on Venus

days on Venus are long enough

Venus there is a lot of ________.

dioxide

monoxide

are plants that can____.

in very hot temperatures

in very cold temperatures

oxygen

of the above

5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.

algae have done their work

atmosphere becomes cooler

oxygen

rains there

答案:cabdd

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十一(含答案)

What is your favourite colour Do you like yellow , orange ,red If you do ,you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues Then you are probably quiet,shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know,because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colours preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tells us, among other facts,that we do not choose our favourite clour as we grow up----we are born with our you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.

Colours do influence our moods----there is no doubt about it .A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand ,black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area ----until it was repainter number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply ;perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.

Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better,harder ,and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.

1."You would rather follow than red" means_______.

don't like to follow others

would be a member rather than a leader

would be afraid of following others

would like to be a leader rather than a follower

one enjoys life, one is sure to prefer________.

to yellow

to orange

to grey

to yellow

3."They tell us, among other facts,that we don't choose our favourite colours as we grow up." "Among other facts" means______.

other facts

regard to other facts

considering other facts

to other facts

of the following is facts

's preference of one colour to another is instinct

's preference of one colour to another is acquired as they grow up.

people happen to love brown because they saw something brown when they were born

have little influence on our moods

who committed suicide preferred the bridge over the Thames River near london to others because of _______.

shape

structure

colour

building materials

答案:bcaac

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十二(含答案)

Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on street. No man who thought of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room. Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country Or doesn't it matter Should you use both hands when you are eating Should leave one in your lap,or on the table

The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a wonman or offer their seat to a woman , and so will most Americans. Promptness is important both in England and in America. That is , if a dinner invitation is for 7 o'clock , the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay.

The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable-----especially if they are your guests. When the food was served , one of the guests strated to eat his peas with a knife . The other guests were amused or shocked , but the host calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.

one has accepted a dinner invitation ,what should he do if he is tobe late for the dinner

should find an excuse

should adk for excuse.

should say sorry

should telephone to explain his being late.

2."It would have been bad manners to make his guests feel foolish or uncomfortable." "Bad manners " means ________.

of the following do you think is the best tiltle for this passage

Customs and Customs

Life

and British Customs

Is Important

to the text, the best host_______.

his best to make his guests feel comfortable

his guests feel excited

to avoid being naughty to his guests

to avoid being foolish

author of this article may agree with which of the following

guest who ate his peas with a knife

other guests who were amused or shocked

host who picked up his knife and began eating in the same way

of the above

答案:dcaac

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十三(含答案)

New Orleans, Louisiana, was established as part of the French Empire in 1718.

Its location on the east bank of the Mississippi River gave it control of the American hinerland and it became strategically important to many nations. It was transferred from France to Spain, returned to France,and finally sold by Napoleon to the United States in 1803. The city was the site of a famous battle fought in 1815 between the British, who hoped to control it , and the Americans under General And rew Jackson.

The riverbed of the Mississippi is constantly silting and the river is now actually higher than the city. Levees hold back the river and giant pumps are used to move water from the city into the river.

Although New Orleans haas beena part of the United States for almost two centuries, its population takes great pride in its French heritage. Louisiana still retains parts of the Code Napoleon which,form many years,was its only law.

New Orleans is carefree city and it boasts its hot, spicy Creole seafood and its native Dixieland Jazz. The jackson Square neighborhood maintains its French colonial homes and in other sections are pre-Civil War mansions. Visitors are surprised to find that behind this interesting facade of yesteryear, is a busy industrial and port city. Grain and coal come from the Midwest and foreigh cargoes are unloaded here. New Orleans is no longer a sleepy Southern town----but it's still fun to visit.

accounts for the levees and pumps in New Orleans

Mississippi frequently floods the city.

riverbed has raised inthe past 200 years.

torrential rains flood the city frequently.

high humidity cannot otherwise be comtrolled.

battle of New Orleans was fought by jackson against______.

North

Code Napoleon was _______.

agreement to sell Louisiana

body of laws

city plan

military code for the army

of the following elements does not apply to the attiude of the inhabitants of New Orleans

in their French heritage.

desire to retain picturesque colonial buildings.

refusal to engage in trade and commerce

praising of Dixieland Jazz.

visiting New Orleans are surprised to encounter_____.

food

jazz

city

colonial homes

13/200答案:bbbcc

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十四(含答案)

14/200

The United States is on the verge of losing its leading place in the world's technology. So says more than one study in recent years. One of the reasons for this decline is the parallel decline in the number of . scientists and engineers.

Since 1976,employment of scientists and engineers is up 85 percent. This trend is expected to continue. However, the trend shows that the number of 22-year-olds--the near term source of future declining. Further adding to the problem is the increased competition for these candidates from other fields-law,medicine,business,etc. While the number of . in science and engineering declines,the award of to foreign nationals is increasing rapidly.

Our inability to motivate students to pursue science and engineering careers at the graduate level is compounded because of the intense demand industry has for bright Bachelor's and Master's degree holders. Too often, promising confronting the cost and financial sacrifice of pursuing their education,find the attraction of industry irresistible.

come to lose its leading place in technology probably because ________.

a. the number of . degree holders is declining

b. the number of scientists and engineers is decreasing

c. the number of 22-year-ilds is declining

d. scientists and engineers are not employed

field of science and engineering is facing a competition from ________ .

a. technology

b. foreign nationals

c. such fields as law, medicine and business

d. postgraduates

enterprises now need _______.

a. bright graduates and postgraduates

b. new inventions

c. advanced technology

d. engineers

promising postgraduates are unwilling to pursue a . degree because _________.

a. they are not encouraged to be engaged in science

b. industry does not require . holders

c. they have financial difficulties

d. they will spend much time and energy completing .

candidates "find the attraction of industry irresistible" means that _________.

a. they find industry is attracting more and more college students

b. they don't think they can prevent themselves from working for industry

c. they cannot resist any attraction from all sides

d. they cannot work for industry any longer

14/200答案:bcadb

大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十五(含答案)

15/200

Newdays,a standard for measuring power has changes foretell a new standard for measuring longer will a nation's political influence be based solely on the strength of its military forces. Of course, military effectiveness will remain a primary primary measure of political influence is also closely tied to industrial competitiveness. It's often said that without its military the Soviet Union would really be a third-world nation. The new standard of opwer and influence that is evolving now places more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic markets of the world.

America must recognize this new course of events. Our success in shaping world events over the past 40 years has been the direct result of our ability to adapt technology and to take advantage of the capabilities of our people for the purpose of maintaining peace. Our industrial prowess over most of this period was unchallenged. It is ironic that it is just this prowess that has enabled other countries to prosper and in turn to threaten our industrial leadership.

The competitiveness of America's industrial base is an issue bigger than the Department of Defense and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society-government,industry,and education. That is not to say that the Defense Department will not be a strong force in the process because we will. But we simply cannot be, nor should we be, looked upon by others as the savior of American industry.

1. Now a nation's political influence depends on _________.

a. the strength of its military forces

b. its ability to compete in industry

c. economic markets

d. both a and b

2. The Soviet Union was not listed as a third-world nation just because of _________.

a. its powerful military forces

b. its vast land

c. its industrial competitiveness

d. its contributions to world peace

3. The author indicates that ______ is threatening American political power.

a. other countries

b. the declining . industrial base

c. a new standard for measuring power

d. less advanced technology

4. America succeeded in shaping world events over past 40 years probably because of ___________.

a. its ability to adapt technology

b. its ability to take advantage of the capabilities of its people

c. its ability to compete in the world markets

d. both a and b

5. The purpose of writing this article is __________.

a. to draw the readers' attention to a new standard for measuring power

b. to demonstrate American political influence in the world

c. to emphasize that efforts must be made to strengthen the declining . industrial base

d. to show American industrial prowess

15/200答案:dabdc

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16/200

Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.

First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air.

One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly. should be done to ______.

the tree grow taller

the shape of the tree

rid of the small branches

the small branches thicker

become unhealthy if the gardener ______.

too many branches to grow in the middle

not protect them from wind

them to grow too quickly

some of the small side branches

is a special substance painted on the tree

make a wound smooth

prevent disease entering a wound

cover a rough surface

help a wound to dry

good gardener prunes a tree______.

intervals throughout the year

quickly as possible

when necessary

every winter

was the author's purpose when writing this passage

give pratical instruction for pruning a tree.

give a general description of pruning

explain how trees develop diseases

discuss different methods of pruning.

16/200答案:babca

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17/200

On Thursday afternoon Mrs. Carke, dressed for going out, took her handbag with her money and her key in it, pulled the door behind her to lock it and went to the over 60s Club. She always went there on Thursdays. It was a nice outing for an old woman who lived alone.

At six o'clock she cane home, let herself in and at once smelt cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke in her house How How Had someone got in She checked the back door and the windows. All were locked or fastened, as usual. There was no sign of forced entry.

Over a cup of tea she wondered whether someone might have a key that fitted her front door-"a master key"perhaps. So she stayed at home the following Thursday. Nothing happened. Was anyone watching her movements On the Thursday after that she went out at her usual time,dressed as usual, but she didn't go to the club. Instead she took a short cut home again, letting herself in through her garden and the back door. She settled down to wait.

It was just after four o'clock when the front door bell . Clarke was making a cup of tea at the time. The bell rang again, and then she heard her letter-box being pushed open. With the kettle of boiling water in her hand, she moved quietly towards the front door. A long piece of wire appeared through the letter-box, and then a hand. The wire turned and caught around the knob on the door-lock. Mrs. Clarke raised the kettle and poured the water over the hand. There was a shout outside, and the skin seemed to drop off the fingers like a glove. The wire fell to the floor, the hand was pulled back, and Mrs. Clarke heard the sound of running feet.

. Clarke looded forward to Thursday because_______.

worked at a club on the day

said visitors on Thursdays

visited a club on Thursday

special visitor came on Thursday

someone had made a forced entery,_______.

would have found a broken door or window

or she was still in the house

would have been thown about

or she would have needed a master key

the third Thursday Mrs. Clarke went out_______.

she didn't want to miss the club again

see if the thief was hnging about outside

the club but then changed her mind

an attempt to trick the thief

lock on the front door was one which_______.

a piece of wire to open it

he opened from inside without a key

't be opened without a key

a kno

b instead of a key

wire feel to the floor_______.

refused to open the door

the man's glove dropped off

it was too hot to hold

the man justwanted to get away

17/200答案:cadbd

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18/200

Many people believe the glare from snow causes snowblindnenss. Yet, dark glasses or not , they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes,and even snowblindness,when exposed to several hours of "snow light" .

The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow-covered , a man's eyes frequently find nothing to foucs on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of tsomething to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, the eyes never sotp searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more and fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid coversthe eyeball in increasing quantity until vision blurs, then is obsured,and the result is total, even though temporary,snowblindness.

Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow-covered landscape,Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight , dark colored objects ahead on which they too can focus . The men following can then see gaze is arrested. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see,stop scouring the snow-blanketed lanscape. By focusing their attention on one object at a time,the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snowblind or lost. In this way the problem of crossing a

solid white terrain is overcome.

prevent headaches, watering eyes and blindness caused by the glare from snow, dark glasses are_____.

the eyes are sore tears are produced to ________.

the vision

snowblindness

the irritation

the muscles

may be avoided by_______.

to the solid white terrain

for something to look at in snow-covered terrain

the eyes with something to foucs on

the eyeballs with fluid

scouts shake snow from evergreen bushes in order to _______.

the men behind something to see

the landscape

themselves in the cold

the men behind from losing their way

suitable title for this passage would be _______.

and how to overcome it

's cure for snowblindness

in the snow

vision

18/200答案:CCCAA

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19/200

Water problems in the future will become nore intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes,primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decease substantialy the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce large volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasingquantities of agricultural chemicals, From this , it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem. There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be dwindled. The first relates to the

treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastes "prior to " disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or efflunets,to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal.

A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement . Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Efflunets from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are potential eonomic uses for waste products. purpose of this passage is ______.

alert the reader to the dwindling water supply

explain industrial uses of water

acquaint the reader with water pollution problems

demostrate various measures to solve the pollution problem

of the following points is NOT INCLUDED in the passage

dustrial development incudes the simplification of complex chemical processes.

wastes needs certain amount of water

for water will go up along with the expanding population

cultivation of land requires more and more chemicals

reader can conclued that________.

of the world will work together on polution problems

from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplace

is making great progress on increasing water supplies

industries are now ,aking economic use of wastes

author gives substance to the passage through the use of _______.

with authorities in the field of water controls

and personal observations

which clarify important terms

arguments and persuasions

words "prior to " probably mean______.

19/200答案:cadbc

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20/200

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I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago. He told me he had been the manager of a certain grocery store in the neighbourhood where I grew up, and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons. Then he related an incident

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3 大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(四) 十六 Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way. First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air. One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly. 1.Pruning should be done to ______. a.make the tree grow taller

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大学英语四级阅读理解试题 Many people believe the glare from snow causes snowblindnenss. Yet, dark glasses or not , they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes,and even snowblindness,when exposed to several hours of "snow light" . The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow- covered , a man's eyes frequently find nothing to foucs on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of tsomething to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, the eyes never sotp searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more and fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid coversthe eyeball in increasing quantity until vision blurs, then is obsured,and the result is total, even though temporary,snowblindness. Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are

(完整版)大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案

As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health. The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it. 1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____. a.they do not know how to enjoy themselves b.they do not believe that relaxation is important for health c.they are travelling fast all the time d.they are becoming busier with their work 2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________. a.not fearing stress b.knowing the art of relaxation c.high sense of responsibility d.having control over performance 3.Which of the follwing statements is ture? a.We can find some ways to avoid stress b.Stress is always harmful to people

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