高二理科寒假作业(人教版6科)
高二语文寒假作业
温馨提示：
1、每天的作业时间有要求，请同学们限时完成。
2、寒假时间请同学们劳逸结合，好好休息，好好学习，利用寒假作业保持做题的感觉。
3、积累本，完成5张。（可收集寒假作业错题）
第一天（限时30分钟内）
一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）
阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。
乡土文学的发展
文化的发展与社会的近代化是紧密相关的。从世界文学发展历史看，乡土文学的兴起是与社会转型相切合的。首先，在本国农耕经济下，中国自给自足的小农经济下农民男耕女织进行生产劳作，久而久之，心中便多了几分乡土情思，他们怀着对家乡故土的爱而?不远游?于别地。其次，随着清王朝的腐朽以及西方列强的侵略，封建社会过渡成两半社会，无数百姓为了生存不得不背井离乡，远走他方。身在他乡，心却扎根于故乡，他们不免会有?故乡今夜思千里，霜鬓明朝又一年?的感怀。在此方面，近代文人谭嗣同在《有感一章》中写到：世间万物抵春愁，今向苍冥一哭休。四万万人齐下泪，天涯何处是神州。
?春愁?愁的是什么？愁的是故土难离而不得不离，词中足以流露出诗人忧思故土悲愤难抑的爱国之情。再次，乡土文学的发展与变化离不开城市化进程的快速推进。大批农民离开土地进入城市。村庄不断萎缩，平川的人向城市流动，不少山村正在逐步消失。许多年过后，他们深感心中的缺失，多年未回故土，他们只好写点文章作品来追忆农土生活，缅怀过去。从这方面看，现代都市文明和进步思想进一步促进了乡土文学的发展。
乡土文学的出现溯源于鲁迅的短篇小说《故乡》。在小说《故乡》中，??我?回到故乡，在故乡，离开故乡?情节安排着重描写了闰土和杨二嫂的人物形象，从而反映了农民生活现实及人性的变化。在《中国新文学〃小说二集导言》中鲁迅对乡土文学作出了简略阐述，虽未明确提出?乡土文学?这一概念，但也隐露了以描写农村生活来抒发淡淡的乡愁的写作目的。
欧美自文艺复兴、宗教改革和启蒙运动发展以来，一些思想家和文学家提倡人生自由，面对现实，正式人生。他们在文学作品上以?现实主义?真实反映社会状况，对人民大众的不幸遭遇表现了人道主义同情，由此衍生?为人生?的主张，而在中国五四运动以后，沈雁冰、叶绍钧等人组织并提倡文学应该反应社会与服务人生。而乡土文学正是在?为人生?文学主张影响下发展出现的。
任何形式的文学，从来没有主宾、贵贱之分，只有质的优劣；文学也从来不歧视它生长的环境，所有人类生存的地方，所有生长苦难和希望的地方，都是产生文学的沃土。乡土文学作品中传达的爱憎与哀乐使身处都市喧嚣的人们重新拾得那份纯真天然并带着浓浓乡土之气的人之本性，使他们摘下了时刻保持警惕的冷漠与隔阂的面具。中国人口的多数依然是农民，这就是乡土文学和农民作家存在的理由，仅此已经足够。
（节选自《浅谈中国现当代乡土文学》李欣荣，有删改）
1.有关“乡土文学”的阐述，下列说法不正确的一项是（）（3分）
A.乡土文学的起源与发展和社会条件息息相关。随着封建社会向两半社会的过渡与转移，乡土文学慢慢萌芽兴起。
B.文化与经济发展有着密切联系，在自给自足的自然经济下萌发的乡土情怀进一步催生和发展了乡土文学。
C.心里有着浓郁乡土情怀的文人只好写点文章作品来追忆农土生活，缅怀过去。现代都市文明的发展下的乡土文学的发展促进了世界文学史的发展。
D.《有感一章》愁的是故土难离而不得不离，词中足以流露出诗人忧思故土悲愤难抑的爱国之情。
2.联系文章内容，下列选项中不正确的一项是（）（3分）
A.鲁迅可以说是乡土文学的领头羊。《中国新文学·小说二集导言》中鲁迅对乡土文学作出了简略阐述并隐约明确提出“乡土文学”这一概念。
B.乡土文学的发展离不开现代都市化进程的加快。乡土文学的发展与变化离不开城市化进程的快速推进。大批农民离开土地进入城市。
C.作者举出谭嗣同主要是为了印证乡土文学的发展离不开都市化进程的加快。大批农民离开土地进入城市。村庄不断萎缩，平川的人向城市流动，不少山村正在逐步消失。
D.文化是个复杂体，它与经济生活密切相关。随着经济的发展，有些文化也会随着发生变化，如乡土文化。
3.结合全文，下列观点中，不符合文章内容的一项是（）（3分）
A.乡土文学所具有的传承情怀、表现人文的特点将随着城市化的加快及农村的空心化消失殆尽。
B.由于近十年来中国乡村的“空心化”和乡村文明的崩溃，乡土文学正逐渐消失。都市化进程的过快发展让许多作家来不及反应，城市文学正处在过渡期。
C.乡土文学终有一天会消失的，消失过程也不是一天两天、一年两年的事，我并不认为乡土文学很快就会消失，因为中国有它的复杂性。
D.中国正在经历一个乡土社会的嬗变，乡土几乎是每个中国人的精神家园。改革开放三十多年来涌现出一大批优秀乡土文学作家和优秀乡土小说作品，承前启后，独具时代魅力。
二、语言文字运用
13.依次填人下列各句横线处的成语，最恰当的一组是（3分） ( )
①西方______炒作“藏独”，少数“藏独”分子五颜六色的脸和反华标语不断登上媒体。
②国务院办公厅转发《关于清理规范驻省会城市办事机构指导意见》，强调对“驻省办”的清理规范工作不能______ ，而必须一鼓作气、不留死角。
③浙江义乌市一名外来建设者致信市长，信中_______两千字赞扬义乌流管局。
A.拖泥带水洋洋洒洒连篇累牍
B．连篇累牍拖泥带水洋洋洒洒
C．洋洋洒洒连篇累牍拖泥带水
D．连篇累牍洋洋洒洒拖泥带水
14.下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（3分） ( )
A.近年来，通过北京国际图书博览会、东京国际书展、首尔国际图书展等平台，使中国出版机构与相关国家的文学版权交易不仅越来越活跃，而且逐步走向规范。
B．根据数据显示，如今苏州市范围内共有养老机构221家、机构养老床位5791 5张，千名老人拥有机构养老床位38.4张，供求极不平衡。苏州面临着养老服务的严峻挑战。
C．环保部发布通知，要求北京、天津、上海、河北等13省区市开展大气污染物源排放清单编制试点工作，目前，北京已经开始进行污染源排放清单的论证和编制。
D．-个科研项目的成果转化需要经历不断成熟、主动推广并被社会所认识和认可的过程，这需要一定的时间周期，有的成果在几十年的时间跨度内仍可持续可能衍生商业价值。
15.依次填人下面这段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是（3分）( )
自古以来，中国有着广大的诗歌需求，甚至有一种诗歌崇拜的氛围，在其背后，是因为中国有着广大的心灵市场。____________，____________，____________。____________，____________，____________。
①而其目的是为了不断提升境界也就是心灵层次，从而不断自我超越，最终达到安心
②而诗歌就其本质而言，就是一种心灵的学习或者说学问
③好的诗歌作品能让他人读了以后感到动心
④而这一点，也许正是当代人最需要和最渴求的
⑤体验诗中情感，领悟诗中意境，同样达到安心的效果
⑥诗歌的起源是感于心动于情，其过程是从心出发，用心写作，也可以说是一个修心的过程
A.②⑥①③⑤④ B．②⑤①③⑥④ C．⑤④②①③⑥ D.⑤②③④⑥①
16.在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密。每处不超过15字。（6分）
名由实美，古往今来，莫不如此。①，由李冰父子想到都江堰，由韩愈想到潮州的韩江韩山，由白居易想到白堤。再看当代，由焦裕禄想到兰考，由孔繁森想到阿里，由杨善洲想到大亮山，由沈浩想到小岗村。其人已与为之奋斗的事业交融在一起。或许，②，然而，在“建立自我、追求忘我”的过程中，他们的名，早已口口相传，③，镌刻进历史。名由实美，这名终归是由人民群众给予的，也只有人民群众的认可才经得起大浪淘沙的考验。
第二天（限时30分钟内）
一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）
阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。
作为近代社会新因素的下层市民文艺和上层浪漫思潮，在明束发展到极致后遭受了本不应有的挫折。李自成的失败带来了满清帝国的建立，落后的少数民族总是更易接受和强制推行保守、反动的经济、政治、文化政策。资本主义因素在清初被全面打了下去，在那几位所谓“雄才大略”的君主的漫长统治时期，巩固传统小农经济、压抑商品生产、全面闭关自守的儒家正统理论，成了日月确的国家指导思想。从社会氛围、思想状貌、观念心理到文艺各个领域，都相当清楚地反射出这种倒退性的严重变易。与明代那种突破传统的解放潮流相反，清代盛极一时的是全面的复古主义、禁欲主义、伪古典主义。作为明代新文艺思潮基础的市民文艺突然萎缩，上层浪漫主义则一变而为伤感文学。《桃花扇》《长生殿》《聊斋志异》则是这一交易的重要杰作。
浪漫主义、感伤主义和批判现实主义，是明清文艺思潮的三个不同阶段。在第三阶段（乾隆），时代离解放浪潮相去已远，眼前是闹哄哄而又死沉沉的封建统治的回光返照。复古主义已把一切弄得乌烟瘴气、麻木不仁，明末清初的民主民族的伟大思想早成陈迹，失去理论头脑的考据成了支配人间的学问。“避席畏闻文字狱，著书都为稻粱谋”，那是多么黑暗的世界啊。像戴震这样先进的思想家也只能以考据名世，得不到人们的任何了解，他自己视为最重要的哲学著作——痛斥宋懦“以理杀人”的《孟子字义疏证》，连他儿子在编集子时也把它排斥在外，视为无足轻重。那是没有曙光、长夜漫漫、终于使中国落在欧洲后面的十八世纪的封建末世。在文艺领域，真正作为这个封建末世的总结的要算中国文学的无上珍宝《红楼梦》了。
无论是爱情主题说、政治小说说、色空观念说，都似乎没有很好地把握住上述具有澡刻根基的感伤主义思潮在《红楼梦》里的升华。其实，正是这种思潮使《红楼梦》带有异彩。笼罩在宝黛爱情的欢乐、元妃省亲的豪华、暗示政治变故带来巨大惨痛之上的'不正是那如轻烟如梦幻、时而又如急管繁弦似的沉重哀伤和喟叹么？还是鲁
A．川者高／泽者卑／高者流／卑者止是／故蕃之仁义／充诸心行／诸太学积者多／施者／不遐也／
B．川者高／泽者卑／高者流／卑者止是／故蕃之仁义／充诸心／行诸太学／积者多／施者不遗也／
C．川者高／泽者卑／高者流／卑者止／是故蕃之仁义／充诸心／行诸太学／积者多／施者不遇也／
D．川者高／泽者卑／高者流／卑者止／是故蕃之仁义／充诸心行／诸太学积者多／施者／不遐也／
6．下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括，不正确的一项是(3分)
A．何蕃学业有成，品德高尚。人太学二十多年，积累了丰厚学识，品行端正。从太学的学生到学官都对他推祟称颂，他的突出事迹被上报到礼部。
B．何著名声很大，却怀才不遇。了解何蕃的公卿大夫虽然很多，但因不是礼部官员而爱奠能助；在礼部为官之人，又都嫉贤妒能，故未被任用。
C．何若非常孝顺父母。初人太学，大约一年回家一次。因父母阻止，他已五年未回家省亲。担心父母年老不能照顾自己，他决定回家奉养双亲。
D．何蕃既仁义又勇敢。他在太学读书，诸生都不敢做不仁之事。朱池反唐，诸生想跟随叛军作乱，来请何蕃参加，何蕃义正辞严地训斥了他们。
7．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）
(1)于是太学阙祭酒，会阳先生出道州，不果留。（5分）
(2)故凡贫贱之士必有待t然后能有所立，独何蓍欤！（5分）
二、语言文字运用（20分）
13. 依次填入下列各句横线处的成语，最恰当的一组是（）（3分）
①“出国绕一圈，‘山寨’变大牌。”从事海外代购4年的徐晓对某些代购店这种“以假充真”的行为，但又无可奈何。
②在云南地震灾区采访，碰到巧家县安监局职工刘诗明，他正脚裹纱布，为灾民分发救援物资。休息时他乐呵呵地向笔者说：“与灾民的利益相比，这点伤病。”
③有网友说“你再优秀也会有人对你，你再不堪也会有人对你青睐有加”，所以不妨拨开世间纷纭，做好自己。
A．不屑一顾不足挂齿嗤之以鼻 B．嗤之以鼻不足挂齿不屑一顾
C．不足挂齿不屑一顾嗤之以鼻 D．嗤之以鼻不屑一顾不足挂齿
14．下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（3分）
A．选择上市或者发行债券等企业融资方式，一般要求企业规模大、盈利能力强、社会认可度高才能成功融资。B．车辆万一在高速公路上发生事故，交通部门要及时在规定位置设置警告标志，以防止二次事故的发生。C．在这部农村题材的小说中，温馨的乡村人际关系难见踪影，传统的乡村文化毁坏殆尽，令人不禁感慨系之。D．国家林业局的负责人表示，力争到2015年，使我国自然湿地保护率达到55%，初步缓解湿地面积减少和功能退化。
15.．把下列句子组成语意连贯的语段，排序最恰当的一组是（3分）
连环画从它萌芽的时候起，就与文学结下了不解之缘。，。，。。，是人民大众最喜闻乐见的文艺作品形式之一。
①明清时期的许多文学书籍都绘有线描插图
②这种“回回图"既增加了书籍视觉美
③有的书一回故事就有一幅插图，即“回回图"
④可以说，连环画是插着文学的翅膀飞向人民大众的
⑤当20世纪20年代连环画正式诞生的时候，人民大众已经熟悉了这种绘画形式并自然而然地接受了它
⑥又使线描插图为人民大众所熟悉和喜爱
A．①③②⑥⑤④ B．⑤①③②⑥④ C．①④⑤③②⑥ D．⑤④①③②⑥
16. 在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密。每处不超过15个字。(6分)
一些城市通过发布“雷人标语”来纠正城市不文明现象，这实质上是一种文明的困境，是一种最无奈的做法。根除城市顽疾，关键在①。而市民文明习惯的养成，不会一蹴而就，更不可能一劳永逸，而是②，需要长期循序渐进的宣传教育、公民自律和法规完善。尤为重要的是，需要通过文明的、市民能够接受的方式，来唤起全社会共同参与。因此，不妨多注重“标语文化”，将警示语过于严厉、刻板的面孔变一变，改用优美、温馨的语言进行表达，或许会③。
第四天（限时35分钟内）
一、阅读下面的文言文，完成4—7题。（4—6题，每小题3分）
豆卢宁，字永安，昌黎徒何人。其先本姓慕容氏，燕北地王精之后也。高祖胜，以燕。皇始初归魏，授长乐郡守，赐姓豆卢氏。或云北人谓归义为?豆卢?，因氏焉，又云避难改焉，未详孰是。父苌，魏柔玄镇将，有威重，见称于时。武成中，以宁勋，追赠柱国大将军、少保、涪陵郡公。宁少骁果，有志气，身长八尺，美姿容，善骑射。魏永安中以别将随尔硃天光入关以破万俟丑奴功赐爵灵寿县男尝与梁定遇于平凉川相与肄射，乃相去百步悬莎草以射之七发五中。定服其能，赠遗甚厚，天光败，从侯莫陈悦。及周文 讨悦，宁与李弼来归。孝武西迁，以奉迎勋，封河阳县伯，后进爵为公。从禽窦泰，复弘农，破沙苑，除卫大将军、兼大都督。大统七年，从于谨破稽胡帅刘平伏于上郡。及梁定反，以宁为军司，监陇右诸军事。贼平，进位侍中、使持节、骠骑大将军、开府仪同三司。九年，从周文迎高仲密，与东魏战于芒山。迁左卫将军，进爵范阳郡公。十六年，拜大将军。羌帅傍乞铁匆及郑五丑等反叛，宁讨平之。恭帝二年，改封武阳郡公，迁尚书右仆射。周孝闵帝践祚，授柱国大将军。武成初，出为同州刺史。迁大司寇，进封楚国公，邑万户，别食盐亭县一千户，收其租赋。保定四年，授岐州刺史。属大兵东讨，宁舆疾从军。薨于同州。赠太保、十州诸军事、同州刺史，谥曰昭。初，宁未有子，养弟永恩子勣。及生子赞，亲属皆请赞为嗣。宁曰：?兄弟之子犹子也，吾何择焉。?遂以勣嗣。时以此多之。及宁薨，勣袭爵。
周文：北周文皇帝宇文泰，西魏的实际掌权者，亦是北周政权的奠基者，宇文泰杀孝武帝，立元宝矩为帝，是为西魏。从此宇文泰专制长达20年，其子建北周，追谥曰文皇帝。豆卢宁时为西魏、北周将领。
(节选自《北史〃豆卢宁传》)
4．对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是（3分）( )
A．魏永安中／以别将随尔硃天光入关／以破万俟丑奴功／赐爵灵寿县男／尝与梁定遇于平凉川／相与肄射／B．魏永安中／以别将随尔硃天光入关／以破万俟丑奴／功赐爵灵寿县男／尝与梁定遇于平凉川／相与肄射／C．魏永安中／以别将随尔硃天光／入关以破万俟丑奴功／赐爵灵寿县男／尝与梁定遇于平凉川／相与肄射／D．魏永安中／以别将随尔硃天光／入关以破万俟丑奴／功赐爵灵寿县男／尝与梁定遇于平凉川／相与肄射／5．下列对文中加点的词语相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是（3分）( )
A．赐姓：古代天子据某人祖先所生之地或其功绩而赐予姓氏。多指以国姓赐与功臣，以示褒宠。
B．践祚：特指皇帝登临皇位，类似用语现象很多，例如：践阼、践极、践统、践位、践国、践帝等等。
C．薨：古人对身故有多种方式的描述，古代称诸侯或有爵位的高官死去为薨，谓天子死为“崩”；大夫死曰“不禄”；士曰“卒”；庶人曰“死”。
D．持节：古代官名。汉末与魏晋南北朝时，掌地方军政的官员往往有使持节、持节、假节、使节等称号。使持节得诛杀中级以下官吏；持节得杀无官职的人；假节得杀犯军令者。
6．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（3分）( )
A．豆卢宁出身名门贵族，年少有志气。豆卢宁少时勇猛果敢，有志气，身高八尺，容貌俊美，擅于骑射。其父生前德高望重被当时的人们所称颂，死后凭借功勋被追赠为柱国大将军、少保、涪陵郡公。
B. 豆卢宁勇担重任，深受赏识重用。豆卢宁和李弼率领众人归顺宇文泰后因恭迎孝武帝西迁，被连续加封，以后又因辅从、征战、御敌、迎降、平叛之功多次被加官进爵。
C．豆卢宁忠于国事，鞠躬尽瘁。他担任岐州刺史时，恰巧大军东征，仍抱病登车随大军出征。在同州去世。
D．豆卢宁仁厚重情，不以亲疏论人。他不同意亲属更换继承人的建议。亲子出生后仍把养子当作自己的继承人。死后养子继承了他的爵位。
7．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）
（1）从禽窦泰，复弘农，破沙苑，除卫大将军、兼大都督。
（2）宁曰：“兄弟之子犹子也，吾何择焉。”遂以勣嗣。时以此多之。
二、13. 依次填入下列各句横线处的成语，最恰当的一组是(3分)
①A股尚未完成由熊转牛，最近的涨势只是熊市反弹的表现，今年A股涨至3000点的可能性极小，这种期望无异于。
②在现行高考、中考制度没有根本性改变的前提下，任何给学生减负的举措都只能是，很难从根本上解决问题。
③通过加宽道路、限号出行等方式解决城市的拥堵固然有效，但是毕竞只是权宜之计，与其，不如来个釜底抽薪。
A.隔靴搔痒画饼充饥扬汤止沸
B.扬汤止沸画饼充饥隔靴搔痒
C.画饼充饥隔靴搔痒扬汤止沸
D.隔靴搔痒扬汤止沸画饼充饥
14.下列各句中，没有语病的一句是(3分)
A．足球是当今世界参与人数和传播范围最广的体育运动，具有广泛的杜会影响，深受世界各国民众喜爱。
B. 商家的宰客行为是一种“顽疾”,如果不大力整治,不仅会妨碍旅游业的健康发展,还可
能会“恶化”“癌变”，危及整个行业的生命。
C. 中国医药界在屠哟坳获诺贝尔医学奖的鼓舞下，以中国古代医书古方为基础研发新药将会得到力度越来越大的支持。
D．作为网络熟人社会的“朋友圈”，已渗透到生活的各个角落，但因传播环境的封闭，它的自我纠错力很弱，产生各种谣言充斥网络。
15．填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，最恰当的一句是（）（3分）
电子屏幕看多了为什么会导致睡眠障碍呢？这个倒是和屏幕本身的特性有些关系。原来，大脑的松果体在夜晚来临时会分泌褪黑激素，帮助我们入睡。松果体受光线的控制，____________，我们就不容易入睡了。电子屏幕会发出很多波长较短的光，比一般的室内灯光更容易刺激松果体，抑制褪黑激素的分泌，这就是为什么说睡觉前刷微博不是一个好习惯的理由。
A．如果周围环境太亮就会抑制褪黑激素的分泌
B．褪黑激素的分泌因周围环境太亮受到抑制
C．因周围环境太亮，故褪黑激素的分泌被抑制
D．如果周围环境太亮，褪黑激素的分泌就会被抑制
16. 在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密。每处不超过15个字。（6分）
文化有雅俗之分，而砚台是文人雅士的爱物。从经典中取材，追求“得象之外”，体现“清雅飘逸”的意境和情怀，没有很高的文化艺术修养，是难以如此传神地表现于方寸的砚台上的。总之，宋代的政治经济、文化艺术蓬勃发展的环境，成就了①，使宋砚的端庄典雅成为后世尊崇的典范，将砚的功用美推向高峰，也把②。方寸之砚其实包含着深厚的文化底蕴，蕴含着浓浓的人文情怀。宋代砚的价值，不仅在文物与历史的研究上，也不仅在审美与工艺层面上，而更应在其③
第五天（限时35分钟内）
一、实用类文本阅读（25分）
12．阅读下面的文字，完成（1）—（4）题。（25分）
我的文学生涯
陈忠实
我生长在一个世代农耕的家庭，听说我的一位老爷（父亲的爷爷）曾经是私塾先生，而父亲已经是一个纯粹的农民，是村子里头为数不多的几个能打算盘也能提起毛笔写字的农民。
我在新中国成立后的第二年入学，1962年高中毕业回乡，之后作过乡村学校的民办教师、乡和区的干部，整整16年。对中国农村和中国农民的了解，是这段生活给予我的。1978年秋天，我调入西安郊区文化馆。我再三地审视自己，还是决定离开基层行政部门转入文化单位，去读书、去反省以便皈依文学。1982年冬天，我调到省作协专业创作组。在取得对时间的完全支配权之后，我决定干脆归老家，彻底清静下来，去读书，去回嚼20年里在乡村基层工作的生活积蓄，去写属于自己的小说。
我在小学阶段没有接触过文学作品，尚不知世有?作家?和?小说?。上初中时我阅读的头一本小说是《三里湾》，这也是我平生阅读的第一本小说。赵树理对我来说是陌生的，而三里湾的农民和农村生活对我来说却是再熟识不过的。这本书把我有关农村的生活记忆复活了，也是我第一次验证了自己关于乡村、关于农民的印象和体验，如同看到自己和熟识的乡邻旧生活的照片。我随之把赵树理已经出版的小说全部借来阅读了。也就在阅读赵树理小说的浓厚兴趣里，我写下了平生的第一篇小说《桃园风波》，是在初中二年级的一次自选题作文课上写下的。
随着阅读范围的扩大，我的兴趣就不仅仅局限于验证自己的生活印象了。一本本优秀的文学作品，在我眼前展开了一幅幅见所未见、闻所未闻的画卷……所有这些震撼人心的书籍，使我的眼睛摆脱开家乡灞河川道那条狭窄的天地，了解到在黄土高原的夹缝之外，还有一个更广阔的世界。父亲自幼对我的教诲，比如说人要忠诚老实啦，本分啦，勤俭啦，就不再具有权威的力量。我尊重人的这些美德和规范，却更崇尚一种义无反顾的进取精神，一种为事业、为理想而奋斗的坚忍不拔和无所畏惧的品质。
父亲对我的要求很实际，要我念点儿书，识得字儿就行了，他劝我做个农民，回乡种庄稼。开始我听信他的话，后来就觉得让我挖一辈子土粪而只求得一碗饱饭，我的一生的年华就算虚度了。我不能过那种只求温饱而无理想追求的猪一样的生活。大约在高中二年级的时候，我想搞文学创作的理想就基本形成了。
而我面对的现实是：高考落第。我们村子里第一个高中毕业生回乡当农民，成为一个念书无用的活标本，很使一些供给孩子读书的人心里绽了劲儿。我的压力又添了许多。在这种别无选择的状况下，我选择了一条文学创作的路，这实际上无异于冒险。我阅读过中外一些作家成长道路的文章，给我的总体感觉是，在文学上有建树的人当中，幸运儿比不幸的人要少得多。要想比常人多有建树，多有成就，首先要比常人付出多倍的劳动，要忍受难以忍受的艰辛甚至是痛苦的折磨。有了这种从旁人身上得到的生活经验，我比较切实地确定了自己的道路，消除了过去太多的轻易获得成功的侥幸心理，这就是静下心来，努力自修。
我给自己定下了一条规程，自学四年，练习基本功，争取四年后发表第一篇作品，就算在?我的大学?领到毕业证了。我经过两年的奋斗就发表作品了。当然，我忍受过许多在我的孩子这一代人难以理解的艰难和痛苦，包括饥饿以及比鼓励要更多的嘲讽，甚至意料不到的折磨与打击。
我在爱上文学的同时，就知道了人类存在着凡人与天才的极大差别。这个天才搅和得我十分矛盾而又痛苦，每一次接到退稿信的第一反应，就是越来越清楚地确信自己属于非天才类型。尤其想到刘绍棠戴着红领巾时就蜚声文坛的难以理解的事实，我甚至悲哀起来了。我用鲁迅先生?天才即勤奋?的哲理与自己头脑中那个威胁极大的天才的魔影相抗衡，而终于坚持不辍。如果鲁迅先生不是欺骗，我愿意付出世界上最勤奋的人所能付出的全部苦心和苦力，以弥补先天的不足。
相关链接
①昨日接受西安晚报记者采访时，陈忠实说，路遥小自己7年。1988年，路遥完成百万字的长篇巨著《平凡的世界》， 1991年获茅盾文学奖。陈忠实说：?我开始对这个比我年轻好几岁的作家刮目相看。当他的作品获得文学最高奖项时，我再也坐不住了。我感到了一种巨大的无形压力。我下定决心要奋斗，要超越，于是才有了这部富有乡土气息的《白鹿原》。?（摘自2015.03.04?中国新闻网?）
②关于《白鹿原》的写作，陈忠实写过一本《寻找属于自己的句子——〈白鹿原〉创作手记》的小册子。?寻找属于自己的句子?源自作家海明威。陈忠实说:?这句话很准确，可以说把作家的个性化追求一语道破了。?（摘自2012.09. 21《新华每日电讯》）
【注】《白鹿原》是陈忠实的代表作品，1997年获第四届茅盾文学奖，被教育部列入?大学生必读?系列。
（1）下列对材料有关内容的分析和概括，最恰当的两项是( )（5分）
A．传主的父亲是一位纯粹的农民，所以传主认为父亲对他进行忠诚老实、本分勤俭等品质的教育是不具有权威力量的。
B．传主不能接受父亲劝他做一个种庄稼的农民，因为他认为农民的生活就是只求温饱而无理想追求的猪一样的生活，就会虚度一生的年华。
C．传主曾经存有文学创作会轻易获得成功的侥幸心理，但通过阅读中外一些作家成长道路的文章，改变了这样的观点，坚定了静下心来，扎实基础的决心。
D．传主认为，选择文学创作就是选择冒险，因为走这条路的人很少，同时还要承受一般人所难以理解的艰难和痛苦，折磨和打击。
E．与戴着红领巾时就蜚声文坛的刘绍棠相比，传主认为自己无疑是一个凡人。每一次接到退稿信他都会感到矛盾与痛苦，他为自己不是一个天才而悲哀。
（2）传主自叙中重点回忆了初中时阅读赵树理作品的经历。赵树理的作品对传主的文学生涯产生了怎样的影响？请简要分析。（6分）
（3）材料从哪些方面表现了传主对文学的热爱和执着追求？请简要分析。（6分）
（4）传主从一个高考落第回乡的农民，成长为获得茅盾文学奖的著名作家，他成功的主要原因有哪些？请结合材料具体分析。（8分）
二、语言文字运用
13．在下面一段话的空缺处依次填入词语，最恰当的一组是（）（3分）
近年来，随着流域经济的快速发展，松花江污染问题也日渐严重，因此恢复松花江的生态功能。环境污染日趋严重，人类这种的行为如不停止，将自毁自己的生存空间。发展经济，对于环境保护事前有周密的规划，遇事有果敢的决心，就不至于，左右为难了。
A.间不容发作茧自缚畏首畏尾
B.刻不容缓玩火自焚畏首畏尾
C.刻不容缓作茧自缚举棋不定
D.间不容发玩火自焚举棋不定
14．下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（3分）
A．教育部与光明日报社近日在全国高校联合启动了第二届暑期读书月活动，以“阅读传统经典”为主题的读书月成为参与人数最多、形式最丰富的一届。
B．近日国务院批复成立的京津冀区域交通改革试验区，是全国交通运输现代化的先行区，也是区域交通一
体化的示范区。
C．教育部近日在全国高校启动了以“阅读传统经典?品味书香生活”为主题的“礼敬中华优秀传统文化”系列活动开展得有声有色。
D．正在举办的米兰世博会上，外形如同金色麦浪的中国馆用艺术化的设计语言，诠释了中国人对农业、饮食、自然、生态的理念。
15．依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是（3分）
一个乡间老太太一针一线刺绣的鞋垫或枕套，为什么是诗意的？____________ ，____________ ；
____________，____________ 。____________ ，____________ 。对这些现代物件“前世今生”的任何想象，都与诗意无关。
①从这针随心走、线随意牵而绣成的充满温情和想象的图案里
②只能想到密布着机床、检测仪器的车间和被资本雇佣的忙碌的操作者的手
③因为我们从这细密的针线、针脚中
④你从一把塑料椅子、一个新款手机那里
⑤可以体会到母亲的内心情感和古老的乡村风情
⑥可以感受到一个母亲的手纹和手温
A．③①⑥⑤④② B．③⑥①⑤④②
C．④②①⑤③⑥ D．④②③⑥①⑤
16．在下面一段文字的横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密，每处不超过15个字。（5分）
每个时代都有自己的流行语，网络热词则是互联网时代最普遍的副产品。与以往不同，①，“来得快，去得更快”成为网络热词的集体宿命。“从前阅文章，后来读段子，现在看热词。”一位资深媒体人如此概括人们记录社会事件方式的变迁。流行文化②，“词时代”正乘着互联网有力的双翼开始自己的新纪元。当我们说起某起事件与人物时，脑中第一反应，不再是详实的过程或概括性的新闻标题，而是标记性热词。现在衡量一起社会事件、一档节目、一个名人，到底火不火，③。
第六天（限时35分钟内）
四、实用类文本阅读(25分)
12．阅读下面的文字，完成(1)～(4)题。
亦诗亦哲方东美
方东美，名琦(1899—1977)．安徽省杰出的乡贤，台湾大学哲学系的名教授，我国现代哲学史上的大哲学家，闻名于世。
方先生受到中国传统诗教的熏陶。?幼承庭训，深沐经史古典文化熏陶；加之，夙慧天成，秉彝非凡，三岁受诗经，过耳成诵，有神童誉，如以智然。?方先生对《诗经》素有研习。他读金陵大学哲学系时还怀着浓厚的兴趣选修了《诗经》一课，希冀能有所增益。但开课不久，一天，教授在台上讲，台下有人低声说：?错了！?教授皱了一下眉，继续讲课；台下又有人说；?错了！?教授生气了，大声问；?谁说我讲错了，谁就来讲！?方先生站起来说：?我们是学生，我们是来听课的．?教授气更大了：?你既能说我讲错了，你就应该上来讲！?方先生从容出位，走上讲台，先向教授鞠躬，便将教授讲过的一段诗经，重新讲解，详征博引，既辞义明白，又趣味盎然，人人凝神静听，直到下课钟响了，方先生再向教授鞠躬而退。教授走出了教室，方先生得到全班如雷的掌声。
于是，方先生的国学根基深厚之名声，传遍奎校，成为大家的共识。著名的教育家、校教务长刘伯明博士曾对文学院文史哲各系负责人明言：?你们要请国学老师，有两个学生——方东美、黄仲苏的关恐怕不容易过，最好先征询他们的意见。?
方先生既精通英语和德语，又精通西方的诗。诗人张佛千回忆说道：方先生对西方的诗的?情理神韵?，?能以其大慧?，予以?深赏妙解?之。所以，他在自己的哲学专著里往往引用了很多西方的诗。特别是，他能?信、达、雅?地将西方的诗?译为中国五言诗，辞意兼美，臵之古人佳作中，亦无逊色?。
方先生不但热爱中国古典诗，会翻译西方诗，而且还乐意写中国古诗，他一生写了一千多首。?我除掉写一点哲学的著作以外，同时也还写了一点诗、一点词。所谓诗同词，在中国就是印出来，也是非卖品……所以有许多人就把诗集词集叫做‘待焚稿’，是自己预备给烧掉的，这完全是作者自己的真情的寄托。?所以，人们往往只知道方先生是一位哲学家，而不知道他同时又是一位诗人。他认为?中国很多哲学思想即充满诗意?。他还主张哲学与诗是会通的。?本来是兼综先知先觉、诗人、艺术家同圣人的资格，然后才构成完备的哲学家。?他坦言相告：?我自己的真情感，也许不在我的思想里面表现出来，而是在我的诗词里面不自觉地流露出来了。?方先生的诗受到极高评价，史学家黎东方教授谓其诗必传。古典学者兼文艺评论家钱钟书教授，1987年访美经华盛顿时，迳对弟子陈一川叹日：?中国古典诗人如方先生者，今后绝矣！?这些评价当然也是我们读方先生诗的最好的导读词。
方先生的长子方天华，在方先生逝世后出版全集中的诗集-《坚白精舍诗集》的《后记》中，开头就追忆说道：?国内外学术界认识先父方东美教授的人士，都知道他是颇有成就的哲学家。不过对于他诗词造诣熟悉的人，不算很多。这是因为父亲借用诗词发挥自己私人的情绪观感，除了对于家人和少数知交，他不轻易出示作品。??夜深梦醒，常听见父亲在他的书房兼卧室里吟诗。他时常利用夜间的宁静，读书写作，要到清晨三四点才就寝。?但?他如有自己得意的诗词，就等不及向母亲和我们诵读?。
方天华也回忆说道：?父亲的诗词大部分是在重庆八年抗战期间写作。那时我们全家住在沙坪坝嘉陵江畔中央大学教职员宿舍的栾家院。似乎生活愈苦t父亲研读愈勤，诗情愈浓，这大概也就是所谓重庆精神。?他实话实说，父亲所谓的?坚白精舍?，无非就是?我家的泥墙陋屋?。他还形象地描绘出他父亲吟诗的动人的情景：?嘉陵江对面磐溪的瀑声，江中石门的急涛声，岸边纤夫的歌唱声，常与相咏相应，极有情趣。?他最后道出了他父亲对诗之所以青睐的原因。?父亲在世常引歌德，说诗的功能在柞生命之梦。?（摘编自沈素珍《友情与诗情》）
相关链接：
①方东美以复兴中国传统文化为己任，是二十世纪将传统生命美学进行现代转型的早期代表人物之一。作为一位具有民族责任感和世界眼光的思想家，他一直在努力营造人类理想的生命存在样态。为着这个目的，他对中西文化以及人类生命中的各种价值形式进行了最大程度的整合，使之一一舍章定位，共同统会于普遍生命这一理想生命本体当中。（摘自李春娟《方东美生命蔓学研究》）
②蒋介石曹从方东美学习《易经》：王阳明与辩证哲学，还给方东美执学生之礼，方东美以布衣给蒋夼石行对国家元首之札，两礼并行，传为一时佳话。不久蒋介石自兼中央大学校长，一次到校视察讲话，随从人员为了迎合蒋介石，竟将大礼堂座椅全部搬出。方东美到后看到此情景，问道：?来者何人？?听闻是蒋介石后，方东美气愤地说：?既是校长，岂可以不教师？?此语一出，全场哗然，座椅立即恢复原状。（摘自施保国《不畏权威的方东美》）
（1）下列对材料有关内容的分析和概括，最恰当的两项是(5分)
A．方东美的诗词大部分写作于重庆八年抗战期间，他一生写了一千多首诗歌，是自己预备给烧掉的，他只是通过创作诗词来寄托真情。
B．方东美精通英语和德语，使他能“信、达、雅”地将西方的诗译为中国五言诗，辞意兼美，这些译作甚至能与古人的佳作媲美。
C．上《诗经》选修课时，方东美指出教授的谬误，井走上讲台重新讲解，详征博引，这表现出他深厚的国学基础和不盲从权威的个性．
D．对方东美的诗词-史学家黎东方甚为推崇，古典学者兼文艺评论家钱钟书自叹不如。这些评价都成为解读方东美诗的最好的导读词。
E．文中选取了方东美人生的若干片段，描绘出一位“亦诗亦哲”的学者形象，着重表现的是他与传统国学的渊源和他的古诗词创作才情。
(2)文章标题为“亦诗亦哲方东美”，但全文鲜有介绍方东美的哲学成就，你是如何评价这种写法的？（6分）
(3)文章写了方天华对父亲的回忆，这样写的作用是什么？（6分）
(4)文中说：“本来是兼综先知先觉、诗人、艺术家同圣人的资格，然后才构成完备的哲学家。”请结合材料，简要分析方东美具有哪些完备的哲学家的“资格”。（8分）
13．依次填入下列各句横线处的成语，最恰当的一组是(3分)（）
①这篇小说看起来，可实际上是一部出色的讽刺小说。
②近日美国五角大楼指责我工程师窃取其军事机密，外交部发言人在例行记者会上指出此种说辞纯粹
是。
③日本安倍政权不顾历史事实，发出钓鱼岛是日本固有领土这一的论调，实在是可笑之极。
A．荒诞不经荒谬绝伦荒诞无稽 B．荒诞不经荒诞无稽荒谬绝伦
C．荒谬绝伦荒诞无稽荒诞不经 D．荒诞无稽荒谬绝伦荒诞不经
14.下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（3分）（）
A.面对扑朔迷离的国际环境和国内深层次矛盾显现的情况，我们持续推进结构性改革，陆续出台降准降息、减税降费和稳定市场等一系列定向调控举措，效应不断显现。
B.昨晚，广州大剧院歌声激昂，音乐磅礴，由广东省委宣传部、省文化厅、省演艺集团主办的广东省纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年《黄河颂》交响合唱音乐会在这里进行。
C.这部电视剧最打动人的是对真善美的热情讴歌，透过剧情的审美体验，让人们信服了一个事实、一条真理：世上还是好人多，人间自有真情在。
D.今年暑假，我市将举办第15届中学生运动会，我校参加这届运动会的20名男运动员和16名女运动员，均是由班级和年级层层选拔出来的优秀选手组成。
15.依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是（3分）（）
人生就像一场漫长的马拉松，每个人都是其中的一名运动员。，，。
，，，否则就会很累，很难。
①也不必担心输在了起跑线上，就一定赶不上前面的选手
②但你必须选择一种适合自己的方式，并坚持不懈地跑下去
③因此，不能苛求自己一定跑在前面
④由于每个人基础不同，素质不同，训练方式不同
⑤只要我们不断地拼搏，朝着预定的目标迈进，就一定离目标越来越近
⑥才能更好地跑完全程
A．③④②⑤①⑥ B．④③⑤⑥②① C．④③①⑤②⑥ D．③④②⑥①⑤
第七天
（限时40分钟，可分两次完成，每题20分钟）
温馨提示：作文审题加列提纲的时间为15分钟左右。
作文一、阅读下面的文字，根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。（60分）
材料一一天，一只公鸡满地觅食，啄来啄去，找到了一颗珍珠，它把这颗珍珠交给了所碰到的宝石工人。它说：?这的确很精巧，但我需要的不是玩意，而是一些小米粒。?
材料二一个没有文化的人，得到了一份珍贵的手稿，他把手稿送给了邻居的书店老板。这个人说道：?我相信这手稿一定写得非常不错，但我更倾心那一枚枚小小的银币。?
要求选好角度，确定立意，明确文体，白拟标题；不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文，不要套作，不得抄袭。
标题：
一、开头：_______________________________________________________________________________
二、分论点一：___________________________________________________________________________
论据：_________________________________________________________________________________
分论点二：_____________________________________________________________________________
论据：_________________________________________________________________________________
分论点三：_____________________________________________________________________________
论据：_________________________________________________________________________________
三、结尾：_____________________________________________________________________________
作文二、阅读下面的材料，根据要求作文。
普通大葱只能长一米高，山东章丘大葱却能长到近两米。人们起初认为这是品种问题。有人把章丘大葱引种到外地，结果长得和普通大葱没什么两样，有人把外地大葱引种到章丘，结果长得跟章丘大葱一般高。于是许多人认为水土气候是关键因素。
有位学者较真，他特地跑到章丘住下来，观察大葱完整的种植过程，揭开了其中奥秘。选种、育苗、施肥、浇水、锄草、捉虫，这些环节跟其他地方一样，无任何特殊之处。但这位细心的学者发现，从大葱破土萌发的那天起，章丘农民就每天往大葱植株上培土，大葱长高一点，泥土就培高一点。每次培土的厚度只有几毫米，刚好让大葱露出头，使它不至于因窒息枯萎。大葱要想获取阳光空气，就必须铆足劲儿往上拔个儿。泥土培得越来越高，章丘的大葱也就长得越来越高。
要求全面理解材料，但可以选择一个侧面、一个角度构思作文。自主确定立意，确定文体，确定标题；不要脱离材料的含意作文，不要套作，不得抄袭。
标题：
一、开头：_______________________________________________________________________________
二、分论点一：___________________________________________________________________________
论据：_________________________________________________________________________________
分论点二：_____________________________________________________________________________
论据：_________________________________________________________________________________
分论点三：_____________________________________________________________________________
论据：_________________________________________________________________________________
三、结尾：_____________________________________________________________________________
第八天（限时30分钟内）
一、补写出下列句子中空缺的部分。
1、诸葛亮在刘备几乎全军覆没的处境下，出任军师，追随刘备创业。他在《出师表》中写到：________________________，________________________。
2、《荀子"劝学篇》指出：“青，取之于蓝，而青于蓝。”这与韩愈《师说》中“________________________，________________________”的观点是相同的。
3、《琵琶行》中描写琵琶女不愿出场但又盛情难却、犹豫不决的矛盾心情的诗句是“_______________________，_________________________。”
4、曹操《观沧海》中展开丰富的想象，描绘了大海包蕴星汉的宏伟气魄和博大胸怀的两
句是“_________________________，________________________ ”。
5、陶渊明在《饮酒（其五）》诗中用“_________________________？________________________ ”两句道出诗人心灵不受世俗污染的原因。
6、欧阳修《醉翁亭记》中简要概括了山间四时之景，其中描写春、夏的两句是
“_________________________，________________________ ”。
7、“日暮途穷”大概是人生的大悲，很多诗人也会在不得志时痛苦、悲叹，李白《行路难》中便展现了这种无法前行的痛苦：“________________________ ，________________________”
8、杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中写到秦的挥霍无度，将剥削来的钱财像泥沙一样地浪费掉，揭露和控诉了秦的这种自私无道的语句是“________________________，________________________ ”
9、辛弃疾在《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》中，借“________________________ ，________________________”的景象，表达了自己对百姓忘却国耻、安于异族统治的沉痛之情。
10、辛弃疾《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》中，“________________________，________________________”两句描写刘裕叱咤风云、驰骋疆场的场面，表达了作者的豪情壮志。
11、李白在《蜀道难》中，表现山之高危，壁之险绝，水之湍急咆哮的句子是“________________________，________________________ 。”
12、《劝学》阐述了学习贵在坚持的道理，其中的“________________________，________________________”两句以雕石为喻，从正面进行论述。
13、李白在《蜀道难》中写道蜀道之难追溯到上古时期，用“________________________，________________________”写出了开凿蜀道的壮烈。
14、《锦瑟》中借用“庄子”和“望帝”的典故的诗句是：________________________，________________________。 15、当生命和道义面临艰难抉择时，孟子在《鱼我所欲也》中，用“________________________，________________________”给予了掷地有声地回答。
高二数学寒假作业（一）
一、单项选择
1、在△ABC 中，若B A sin sin >，则A 与B 的大小关系为 （ ） A. B A > B. B A < C. A ≥B D. A 、B 的大小不能确定 2．函数)12lg(21)(-+-=
x x
x f 的定义域为（ ）
A ．),21(+∞
B ．)2,21(
C ．)1,2
1
( D ．)2,(-∞
3．在命题“若抛物线2y ax bx c =++的开口向下，则{}2|0x ax bx c φ++<≠”的
逆命题、否命题、逆否命题中结论成立的是（ ）
A ．都真
B ．都假
C ．否命题真
D ．逆否命题真
4、过抛物线y 2=4x 的焦点作直线，交抛物线于A(x 1, y 1) ，B(x 2, y 2)两点，如果x 1+ x 2=6，那么|AB |=（ ） A ．8 B ．10 C ．6 D ．4
5．已知正六边形ABCDEF ，在下列表达式①++；②+2；
③+；④-2中，等价的有（ ） A ．1个 B ．2个 C ．3个 D ．4个
6已知点A (2，4，0)，B (1，3，3)，在直线AB t AP =上有一点Q ，满足AQ ∶QB ＝1∶2，则Q 点坐标为( )
A ．)1,35,311(
B ．)1,311,35(
C ．)0,1,3
5
( D ．(1，0，1)
二、填空
7、在正方体ABCD －A 1B 1C 1D 1中，A 1B 1和平面AC 的位置关系是___________，与平面A 1C 1的位置关系是__________.
8、若A (m ＋1，n －1,3)，B (2m ,n ,m －2n )，C(m ＋3,n －3,9)三点共线，则m +n
= ． 9、已知F 是抛物线24C y x =：的焦点，过F C 于A B ，两点．设
FA FB >，则|
|||FB FA 的值等于 ．
10、命题“2230ax ax -->不成立”是真命题，则实数a 的取值范围是_______. 三、解答题
11、 写出命题“若12,0)1(22-===++-y x y x 且则”的逆命题、否命题、逆否命题，并判断它们
的真假.
12、椭圆短轴的一个端点与两个焦点组成一个正三角形，焦点到椭圆长轴端点的最短距离为3，求此椭圆的标准方程.
13、在正方体1111D C B A ABCD
-
中，如图Ｅ、Ｆ分别是 1BB ，CD 的中点，
（1）求证：1D F AE ^uuu
r uuu u r ；
（2）求．
高二数学寒假作业（二）
一、单项选择
1、下列各组向量中不平行的是（ ）
A ．)4,4,2(),2,2,1(--=-=b a
B ．)0,0,3(),0,0,1(-==d c
C ．)0,0,0(),0,3,2(==f e
D ．)40,24,16(),5,3,2(=-=h g 2、已知直线的向量参数方程为(x ，y ，z )＝(5，0，3)＋t (0，3，0)，当2
1
=t 时，则对应直线上的点的坐标是( )
A ．(5，0，3)
B ．)23,0,25(
C ．)3,2
3
,5(
D ．)3,2
3,25(
3、AB 为过椭圆22a x +22
b
y =1中心的弦，F(c,0)为椭圆的右焦点，则△AFB 面积的最大值
是（ ） A.b 2
B.ab
C.ac
D.bc
4、函数f （x ）=x|x+a|+b 是奇函数的充要条件是 （ ）
A ．ab=0
B ．a+b=0
C ．a=b
D ．a 2+b 2=0
5、若13)(2+-=x x x f ，12)(2-+=x x x g ，则)(x f 与)(x g 的大小关系为 （ ） A ．)()(x g x f > B ．)()(x g x f = C ．)()(x g x f < D ．随x 值变化而变化
6、设{a n }是公比为正数的等比数列，若a 1＝1，a 5＝16，则数列{a n }前7项的和为( ) A ．63 B ．64 C ．127 D ．128
二、填空
7、在200米高的山顶上，测得山下一塔顶与塔底的俯角分别为30°、60°，则塔高为 .
8、若+∈R b a ,，则b a 11+与b
a +1
的大小关系是 ．
9、 已知0
()1,0
x x f x x ≥?=?-
10、下列命题中_________为真命题．
①“A∩B=A”成立的必要条件是“A B”； ②“若x 2+y 2=0，则x ，y 全为0”的否命题； ③“全等三角形是相似三角形”的逆命题；④“圆内接四边形对角互补”的逆否命题。 三，解答题
11、 已知命题),0(012:,64:22>≥-+-≤-a a x x q x p 若非p 是q 的充分不必要条件，求a 的取值范围.
12、已知椭圆x 2a 2＋y 2
b 2＝1(a ＞b ＞0)的左、右焦点分别为F 1(－c,0)、F 2(c,0)．若椭圆上存在点P 使a sin ∠PF 1F 2＝c
sin ∠PF 2F 1
，求该椭圆的离心率的取值范围.
13、如图，已知矩形ABCD 所在平面外一点P ，PA ⊥平面ABCD ，E 、F 分别是AB 、 PC 的中点． （1）求证：,,EF AP AD
共面； （2）求证：EF ⊥CD .
高二数学寒假作业（三）
一、选择题
1、已知平面α 的一个法向量)41,12,(--=y x a ，又)2,2
1
,3(),1,2,1(-=-=c b 且c b ,在α 内，则a ＝
( )
A ．)41,2653,529(---
B ．)41
,5227,529(---
C ．)41,261,529(--
D ．)4
1
,2653,5227(---
2、若直线l 1，l 2的方向向量分别为)2
3
,1,21(),3,2,1(21---==v v ，则l 1，l 2的位置关系是( )
A ．垂直
B ．重合
C ．平行
D ．平行或重合
3、正三棱柱ABC —A 1B 1C 1的所有棱长相等，AC 1与面BB 1C 1C 所成角的余弦值为（ ）
4、如图所示，PA ＝PB ＝PC ，且它们所成的角均为60°，则二面角B －PA －C 的余弦值是( )
A ．21
B ．31
C ．33
D ．2
3
5、如图，正三棱柱ABC －A 1B 1C 1的各棱长都是2，E 、F 分别是AB 、A 1C 1的中点，则EF 的长是( )
A ．2 B. 3 C.5
D.7
6、已知平面α∥平面β，直线l ìα，α与β之间的距离为d ，有下列四个命题： ①β内有且仅有一条直线与l 的距离为d ； ②β 内所有的直线与l 的距离都等于d ； ③β内有无数条直线与l 的距离为d ； ④β内所有直线与α的距离都等于d . 其中真命题是( ) A ．①
B ．②
C ．①与④
D ．③与④
二、填空
7、在底面是直角梯形的四棱锥P －ABCD 中，侧棱P A ⊥底面ABCD ，BC ∥AD ，∠ABC ＝90°，P A ＝AB ＝BC ＝2，AD ＝1，则AD 到平面PBC 的距离为________．
8、若P 是△ABC 所在平面外一点，而△PBC 和△ABC 都是边长为2的正三角形，PA ＝6，则
二面角P －BC －A 的大小是______．
9、已知)1,1,2(),2,0,1(==AC AB ，则平面ABC 的一个法向量为____________．
10．已知正方体ABCD －A 1B 1C 1D 1中，点P 为线段DD 1上任意一点，则在正方体的所有棱中
与平面ABP 平行的共有______条.
三、解答题
11、如图，在平行六面体ABCD-A 1B 1C 1D 1中，点M 是线段A 1D 的中点，点N 在线段C 1D 1上，且D 1N=13
D 1C 1，∠A 1AD=∠A 1AB=60°, ∠BAD=90°，AB=AD=AA 1=1.
(1)求满足1MN xAB yAD zAA =++u u u r u u u r u u u u r u u u u r
的实数x 、y 、z 的值.
(2)求AC 1的长.
12、抛物线的顶点在原点，它的准线过双2
2221(0,0)y x a b a b
-=>>曲线的一个焦点，并与
双曲线的实轴垂直，已知抛物线与双曲线的交点为)6,2
3
(，求抛物线的方程和双曲线的方程.
13、 已知关于x 的一元二次方程 (m ∈Z) ① mx 2－4x ＋4＝0,
② x 2－4mx ＋4m 2－4m －5＝0，求方程①和②都有整数解的充要条件.
高二数学寒假作业（四）
一、选择题
1、椭圆x 2m + y 2
4 = 1 的焦距为2,则m 的值等于 （ ） A.5或3 （B ）8 （C ）
5 （D ）16
2、设双曲线22
22b
y a x -=1（0＜a ＜b ）的半焦距为c ，直线l 过（a ，0），（0，b ）两点.已知原点到直
线l 的距离为
4
3
c ，则双曲线的离心率为 （ ）
A ．2
B ．3
C ．
2 D ．
33
2 3、已知点(3,1,4)A --，则点A 关于x 轴对称的点的坐标为（ ）
A ．)4,1,3(--
B ．)4,1,3(---
C ．)4,1,3(
D ．)4,1,3(--
4、空间四边形OABC 中，OB OC =，3
AOB AOC π
∠=∠=
，则cos <,OA BC
>的值
是（ ） A ．
21 B ．2
2 C ．－21 D ．0 5、已知)1,1,21
()3,21,1(,==，且,均在平面α 内，直线l 的方向向量)1,0,2
1(=，则( )
A ．l ?α
B ．l 与α 相交
C ．l ∥α
D ．l ?α 或l ∥α
6、如图所示，ABCD 为矩形，P A ⊥平面ABCD ，P A ＝AD ，M 、N 分别是PC 、AB 中点，则MN 与平面PCD 所成角的大小为
( )
A ．30°
B ．45°
C ．60°
D ．90°
二、填空
7、方程x 224–k + y 2
16 + k = 1 表示椭圆，则k 的取值范围是 .
8、已知向量=OA (1，－7，8)，=OB (0，14，16)，)cos 8
1
,sin 71,2(αα=c ，α∈
(0，π)，若⊥c 平面OAB ，则＝α__________________．
9、已知PA 垂直于矩形ABCD 所在的平面，PA ＝3，AB ＝2，3=BC ，则二面角P －BD －A 的正切值为______．
三、解答题
10、在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，直线l 与抛物线y 2＝4x 相交于不同的A 、B 两点．
(1)如果直线l 过抛物线的焦点，求OA ·OB
的值；
(2)如果OA ·OB
＝－4，证明直线l 必过一定点，并求出该定点．
11、在长方体ABCD —A 1B 1C 1D 1中，AA 1＝1，AD ＝DC ＝3，在线段A 1C 1上有一点Q ，且111
3
1A C Q C =，求平面QDC 与平面A 1DC 所成锐二面角的大小．
12、如图所示的多面体是由底面为ABCD 的长方体被截面1AEC F 所截
面而得到的，其中14,2,3,1AB BC CC BE ====. （Ⅰ）求BF 的长；
（Ⅱ）求点C 到平面1AEC F 的距离.
高二数学寒假作业（五）
一、选择题（本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是
符合题目要求的；每小题选出答案后写在答题卡上，在本卷上作答无效。） 1. 命题“若a b <，则a c b c +<+”的逆否命题是
A. 若a c b c +<+，则a b >
B. 若a c b c +>+，则a b >
C. 若a c b c +≥+，则a b ≥
D. 若a c b c +<+，则a b ≥ 2. 已知△ABC 的三个顶点为A （3，3，2），B （4，－3， 7），C （0，5，1），则BC 边上的 中线长为 A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D.
5
4. 已知椭圆221102
x y
m m +=--，若其长轴在y 轴上.焦距为4，则m 等于 A.4. B.5. C. 7. D.8.
5．以坐标轴为对称轴，以原点为顶点且过圆096222=++-+y x y x 的圆心的抛物线的方程是 A ．23x y =或23x y -= B ．23x y = C ．x y 92-=或23x y = D ．23x y -=或x y 92=
6．在同一坐标系中，方程22221a x b y +=与20(0)ax by a b +=>>的曲线大致是
7．已知双曲线)0(12
2>=-mn n
y m x 的离心率为2,有一个焦点恰好是抛物线x y 42=的焦点,则此双曲线的渐近线方程是
A ．03=±y x
B ．03=±y x
C ．03=±y x
D ．03=±y x
8.与圆221x y +=以及228120x y x +-+=都外切的圆的圆心在
A.一个椭圆
B.双曲线的一支上
C.一条抛物线上
D.一个圆上
9.在正方体1111ABCD A BC D -中，
E 是棱11A B 的中点，则1A B 与1D E 所成角的余弦值为 A
B
C
D
10．如图，空间四边形ABCD 中，M 、G 分别是BC 、CD 的中点， 则
BD BC AB 2
121++等于
A ．AD
B ．GA
C ．AG
D ．MG
11.试在抛物线x y 42-=上求一点P ，使其到焦点F 的距离与到()1,2-A 的距离之和最小，则该点坐
标为
A. ??? ??-1,41
B. ??
? ??1,41 C. ()22,2-- D. ()
22,2- 12．“直线l 与平面α内无数条直线都垂直”是“直线l 与平面α垂直”的（ ）条件
A ．必要非充分
B ．充分非必要
C ．充要
D ．既非充分又非必要
二、填空题（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分，把答案填在答题卡中的指定位置。）
13.已知向量),2,0,1(),0,1,1(-==且k +与-2互相垂直，则k 的值是________.
14.椭圆
22
189
x y k +=+的离心率为12，则k 的值为______________。 15. 若直线2=-y x 与抛物线x y 42=交于A 、B 两点，则线段AB 的中点坐标是______。 16.①一个命题的逆命题为真，它的否命题也一定为真；
②在ABC ?中，“?=∠60B ”是“C B A ∠∠∠,,三个角成等差数列”的充要条件. ③12x y >??>?
是32x y xy +>??>?的充要条件；
④“am 2 以上说法中，判断错误的有___________. 三、解答题（本大题共6小题，共70分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤，请将答案的过程写在答题卷中指定的位置。） 17.（本小题满分10分）设p ：方程210x mx ++=有两个不等的负根， 第22题图 q ：方程244(2)10x m x +-+=无实根，若p 或q 为真，p 且q 为假，求m 的取值范围． 18.（本小题满分10分）已知一个圆的圆心为坐标原点，半径为2．从这个圆上任意一点P 向x 轴作垂线段PP'，求线段PP ’中点M 的轨迹方程． 19.（本小题满分12分）在四棱锥O ABCD -中，底面ABCD 是边长为1的菱形，4 ABC π ∠= , OA ABCD ⊥底面, 2OA =,M 为OA 的中点，N 为BC 的中点， （Ⅰ）证明：直线MN OCD 平面‖； （Ⅱ）求异面直线AB 与MD 所成角的大小； 20．（本小题满分12分）如图所示，F 1、F 2分别为椭圆C ：)0(122 22>>=+b a b y a x 的左、右两个焦点，A 、 B 为两个顶点，已知椭圆 C 上的点)2 3,1(到F 1、F 2两点的距离之和为4. （1）求椭圆C 的方程和焦点坐标； （2）过椭圆C 的焦点F 2作AB 的平行线交椭圆于P 、Q 两点，求弦长PQ 21．（本小题满分14分）已知四棱锥P ABCD -的底面为直角梯形，//AB DC ， ⊥ =∠PA DAB ,90 底面ABCD ，且1 2 PA AD DC ===， 1AB =，M 是PB 的中点. （Ⅰ）证明：面PAD ⊥面PCD ； （Ⅱ）求AC 与PB 所成角的余弦值； （Ⅲ）求面AMC 与面BMC 所成二面角的大小余弦值。 22.（本小题满分12分）如图，已知1F ，2F 分别是椭圆C ：22 221x y a b +=（0a b >>）的左、右焦点， 且椭圆C 的离心率1 2 e =，1F 也是抛物线1C ：24y x =-的焦点． （Ⅰ）求椭圆C 的方程； （Ⅱ）过点2F 的直线l 交椭圆C 于D ，E 两点，且222DF F E = ，点E 关于x 轴的对称点为G ，求 直线GD 的方程． 高二英语寒假作业（一） 一、单项选择 1. The manager is very strict_______ his employees and _______his work as well. A. in ; with B. with ; in C. with ; with D. in ; in 2. ______ of stealing his student’s ideas and publishing them, the professor has been fired by the university. A. Accused B. Accusing C. To accuse D. Having accused 3．_______ to English movies frequently, the students have acquired many useful idioms. A. Exposing B. Being exposed C. Exposed D. Having exposed 4．Tom kept quiet about the accident ________ lose his job. A. so not as to B. not so as to C. so as to not D. so as not to 5．He always brings me a pretty gift _______he comes to visit me. A. by the time B. every time C. sometimes D. at times 6．Don’t say any more; we all believe the facts rather than your words. What you have explained doesn’t make _______. A. meaning B. use C. fun D. sense 7. The manager demanded that the task _________ within a week. A. must complete B. would be completed C. be completed D. must be completed 8．I feel it is your husband rather than you that for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame 9. ---Does Ann obey her parents? ---Yes, she will never do anything that is not approved _________ by her parents. A. with B. of C. to D. at 10. I made a(n) _______ with Mr. Smith to discuss the details of our cooperation. A. difference B. suggestion C. appointment D. announcement 二、完形填空 Carmen’s mot her Maria had just survived a serious heart attack. But without a heart transplant(移植)her life was in constant 1 . Both the mother and daughter knew that the chances were very 2 : finding a donor heart that 3 Maria’s blood type could take ye ars. 4 , Carmen was determined to save her mother. She kept 5 hospitals all over the country. Days stretched out. By Christmas, Maria had trouble 6 from one end of the room to the other. Carmen lost all hope. She fell into a 7 of the hospital, crying. ―Are you okay?‖ a man asked. Carmen sobbed as she told the stranger her 8 . This middle-aged man was named Frank, whose wife, Cheryl, a tender and devoted mother of four lovely children, had been in hospital with a brain disease and woul dn’t 9 it through the night. Suddenly, an idea came to Frank’s mind. He knew Cheryl had always wanted to 10 something from herself. Could her 11 go to Carmen’s mother? After reviewing the data, doctors 12 Frank that his wife’s heart was by some miracle a perfect 13 for Carmen’s mother. They were able to 14 the transplant. That cold night, when Cheryl was 15 dead, Frank came to knock at Maria’s door. She was 16 for Frank’s family as she had been doing every day recently. Though Maria had never met Frank before, they both felt a strange 17 as they hugged and cried. On New Year’s Eve, Carmen attended Cheryl’s 18 with Frank’s family, who were singing their favorite song ―My heart will go on.‖ One day later, on New Year’s Day, Maria19 with Cheryl’s heart. Yes, Cheryl’s loving heart would go on, for it was 20 in another loving mother’s chest. 1. A. change B. danger C. disorder D. pain 2. A. small B. distant C. hard D. precious 3. A. matched B. replaced C. controlled D. cooperated 4. A. Certainly B. Otherwise C. However D. So 5. A. finding B. phoning C. touring D. interrupting 6. A. rolling B. running C. walking D. jumping 7. A. corner B. bed C. man D. nurse 8. A. mother B. story C. error D. dream 9. A. put B. support C. pass D. make 10. A. save B. recycle C. donate D. separate 11. A. heart B. brain C. husband D. spirit 12. A. informed B. warned C. congratulated D. reminded 13. A. copy B. fit C. variation D. baby 14. A. give up B. carry out C. search after D. put off 15. A. noticed B. predicted C. found D. declared 16. A. praying B. begging C. decorating D. singing 17. A. belief B. love C. connection D. relief 18. A. funeral B. operation C. performance D. anniversary 19. A. passed away B. woke up C. left behind D. dressed up 20. A. active B. alive C. necessary D. changeable 三、阅读理解 A Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day．―I was a clothes addict,‖ he jokes．―I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.‖ Today David wears casual clothes –khaki pants and sports shirt –to the office．He hardly ever wears a necktie．―I’m working harder than ever,‖ David says, ―and I need to feel comfortable．‖More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work in the United States．The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual．In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday （but only on Friday）．This became known as ―dress-down Friday‖ or ―casual Friday.‖ ―What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing．‖ said business consultant Maisly Jones．Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code．―A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,‖ says the owner of a software company, ―so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code.‖ Another reason i s that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes．In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale．Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative impact on productivity．Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money．―Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,‖ one person said．―For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.‖ 1．David Smith refers to himself as having been ―a clothes addict,‖ because． A．he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt B．he couldn’t stand a clean appearance C．he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time D．he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes 2．David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ． A．they make him feel at ease when working B．he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes C．he looks handsome in casual clothes D．he no longer works for any company 3．According to this passage, which of the following statements is false? A．Many employees don’t like a conservative dress code． B．Comfortable clothes make employees more productive． C．A casual clothes code is welcomed by young employees． D．All the employers in the U.S support casual office wear． 4．According to this passage, which of the following statements is true? A．Company workers started to dress down about fifty years ago． B．Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s． C．―Dress-down Friday‖ was first given as a favor from employers． D．Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people． 5．In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned except ．A．saving employees’ money B．making employees more attractive C．improving employees’ motivation D．making employees happier B How to Study Smarter, Not Harder Here are some of our favorite study tips that will help any student study smarter, not harder: Recite As You Study Reciting—saying things out loud should first take place as you read through each paragraph or section. Test yourself. This will help you to understand as well as learn faster because it is more active than reading or listening. It will also help you to notice your mistakes and the topics you have trouble understanding. Take Fuller Notes Notes should be in your own words, brief and clear. They should be tidy and easy to read. Writing notes will help you better than just underlining as you read, since it forces you to rewrite ideas in your own words. Study the Middle The best time to review is soon after you’ve learned something. You are more likely to remember the material at the beginning and the end of the lesson, so make sure you focus on the middle when you review. Sleep On It Study before going to bed, unless you are very tired. It’s easier to remember material you’ve just learned after sleeping than after an equal period of daytime activity, because your brain continues to think even after you’ve fallen asleep. Combine Memory and Understanding There are two ways to remember: by memorizing and by understanding. Multiplication tables, telephone numbers, and math formulas are better learned by rote. Ideas are best learned by understanding. The more ways you have to think about an idea, the more meaning it will have; the more meaningful the learning, the better you can remember it. Pay attention to similarities in ideas and concepts, and then try to understand how they fit in with things you already know. Never be satisfied with anything less than a completely clear understanding of what you are reading. If you are not able to follow the thought, go back to the place where you first got confused and try again. 6. You can notice your mistakes by _______. A. saying things out aloud B. taking notes C. studying the middle D. sleeping on it 7. When taking notes, you should _______ to better help you with reading. A. underline important notes B. write notes in your own words C. take down every detail D. write as quickly as possible 8. The writer advises you to _______ as it is easier for you to remember material. A. study after a period of activity B. do some exercise after studying C. study as soon as you get up D. study before going to sleep 9. Which of the following is NOT helpful for your understanding? A. Thinking about an idea in different ways. B. Relating ideas and concepts with what you already know. C. Reading from the beginning to the end without stop. D. Going back to what first made you confused and start again. 四、阅读表达 阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后面的要求答题。 [1]All people have dreams and they obey the rule that if you can dream it, you can achieve it! Here are four goals for people to reach a perfect life in their future. [2]The first goal common to all of us is health and energy. We all want to be healthy and fit, to have high levels of energy and to live free of pain and illness. Today, with the incredible advances in medical science, the quality of our health and fitness, and our lifespan, is largely determined by design, not by chance. People with excellent health habits are far healthier, have more energy, and live longer and better than people who have poor health habits. Remember that health is not everything, but without health everything is nothing! [3]The second goal that we all have in common is to enjoy excellent relationships –intimate, personal or social –with the people we like and respect, and who _____ in turn. Fully 85% of your happiness will be determined by the quality of your relationships at each stage, and in each area, of your life. How well you get along with people, and how much they like and respect you, have more impact on the quality of your life than perhaps any other factor. [4]The third common goal is to do work that we enjoy, to do it well, and to be well paid for it. You want to be able to get and keep the job you want, to get paid more and promoted faster. You want to earn the very most that is possible for you at each stage of your career, whatever you do. 1．What does this passage chiefly talk about? (no more than 12 words) ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 2．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (no more than 6 words) ____________________________________________________________________________ 3．What do people want to do at each stage of whatever job they are engaged in? (no more than 8 words) ____________________________________________________________________________ 4. Why does the author put health ahead of other goals? (no more than 20 words) _____________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 高二英语寒假作业（二） 一、单词拼写 1. It’s not fair to __________(责怪) me —It’s not my fault. 2. Our new house is very__________（方便的）for me as I can get to the office in five minutes. 3. They have__________（安排）to meet at 7 o’clock. 4. The river in our hometown is now _____________(污染). 5. Finding information in today’s world is easy. The _________(挑战) is how you can tell whether the information you get is useful or not. 二、语法填空 1. He watched his desk _____________out of the classroom. （过去分词做宾补） 他看着他的书桌被搬出了教室。 2. All afternoon he worked with the door _________________.（过去分词做宾补） 整个下午他都锁着门工作。 3. I have to go to the town to have my computer ______________.（过去分词做宾补） 我得进城找人修电脑。 4. His grandfather is sweeping the ___________leaves in the yard. （过去分词作定语） 他爷爷正在院子里清扫落叶。 5.The film star was _______________ by the crowd of fans. （过去分词作表语） 那个电影明星被粉丝们包围着。 三、完形填空 The first day of school our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know a new classmate. I _1 to look around when a gentle hand 2 my shoulder. I turned around to find a wrinkled, little 3 lady looking up at me with a smile. She said, ―Hi. My name is Rose. I’m eighty-seven years old. Can I give you a hug? ‖ I laughed and 4 responded, ―Of course you may!‖ and she gave me a giant(巨大的) squeez e. ―Why are you in college at such a young , innocent 5 ? ‖I asked. ―I always 6 having a college education and now I’m getting 7 !‖ she told me. Later, we became close friends. Every day we would leave class together and she 8 her wisdom and experience with me. Over the 9 of the year, Rose became a campus icon and she 10 made friends wherever she went. At the 11 of the semester(学期)we invited Rose to speak at our football banquet(宴会). I’ll 12 forget what she taught us. When she was introduced, frustrated and a little embarrassed, she cleared her 13 and said, ―We do not stop playing because we are old; we 14 old because we stop playing. There are only two secrets to staying 15 , being happy, and achieving success. You have to 16 and find humor every day. You’ve got to have a dream. When you 17 your dreams, you die. ‖ One week after graduation Rose died 18 in her sleep. Many college students attended her funeral in tribute to(悼念)the wonderful woman who taught 19 example that it’s never too 20 to be all you can possibly be. 1. A. lay down B. stood up C. fell off D. went out 2. A. touched B. felt C. wounded D. clapped 3. A. beautiful B. young C. old D. kind-hearted 4. A. sadly B. coldly C. absently D. enthusiastically 5. A. age B. speed C. point D. year 6. A. talked about B. tried out C. looked forward D. dreamed of 7. A. those B. one C. that D. they 8. A. learned B. told C. shared D. debated 9. A. course B. path C. distance D. road 10. A. easily B. rarely C. unwillingly D. strangely 11. A. middle B. beginning C. end D. top 12. A. ever B. never C. still D. already 13. A. throat B. face C. nose D. eyes 14. A. grow B. prove C. look D. stay 15. A. rich B. healthy C. cheerful D. young 16. A. eat B. cry C. laugh D. shout 17. A. have B. lose C. get D. keep 18. A. bitterly B. fortunately C. peacefully D. hopefully 19. A. to B. for C. in D. by 20. A. early B. bad C. good D. late 四、阅读理解 A The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed "t he Garden City", almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs. The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard’s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price. Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide range of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city. 1. How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities? A. Through his observation of the country life. B. Through the combination of different ideas. C. By taking other people’s advice. D. By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago. 2. The underlined phrase "drawing on ―in Paragraph 1 probably means______. A. making use of B. making comments on C. giving an explanation of D. giving a description of 3. According to Howard, garden cities should be built______. A. as far as possible from existing cities B. in the countryside where the land was cheap C. in the countryside where agriculture was developed D. near cities where employment opportunities already existed 4. What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph? A. Their number would continue to rise B. Each one would continue to become larger C. People would live and work in the same place D. Each one would contain a certain type of business 5. What could be the best title for the passage? A. City and Countryside B. The Invention of the Garden City C. A New City in Chicago D. A Famous Garden City in England B An Italian couple are becoming the world’s oldest divorces, after the 99-year-old husband found that his 96-year-old wife had an affair (婚外情) in the 1940s. The Italian man, called by lawyers in the case as Antonio C，looking through an old drawer when he made the discovery a few days before Christmas. In spite of the time that had passed since the affair, he was so upset that he immediately asked his wife of 77 years, named as Rosa C, whether it was true, and demanded a divorce. Stricken by the guilt, she reportedly admitted everything but was unable to persuade her husband to reconsider his decision, though her children also did much more work. She wrote letters to her lover during a secret affair in the 1940s, according to court papers released in Rome this week, which made people know the truth. The couple are now preparing to split, though the marriage they built has lasted over nearly eight decades- they have five children, a dozen grandchildren and one great- grand child. The discovery of the letters was the final problem for their marriage which had already run into difficulty- 10 years ago the husband briefly left their house in Rome and moved in with one of his sons, only to return a few weeks later. The Italian thought the fierce split resulted from the couple’s southern blood- he is originally from Olbia in Sardinia, while his wife was born in Naples. The couple met during the 1930s when Antonio served as a young officer. The case appears to set a new record, at least for the age of the oldest figures- the previous oldest couple to divorce were Bertie and Jessie Wood, both aged 98, from the UK. That pair ended their 36- year marriage in 2009 when they were both two years away from their 100th birthdays. They got married in Elstree, Hertfordshire, in 1972 having both ended previous marriages, before moving to Falmouth, Cornwall four years later. 6. Which is true according to the text? A. To find his wife’ affair, Antonio C looked through an old drawer. B. Rosa C’ lover may be Bertie. C. Rosa C admitted what she did because she was sorry for her guilt. D. The Italian thought the fierce split resulted from the discovery of the letters. 7. Which word can replace the underlined one in passage 5? A. advertised B. announced C. concluded D. expressed 8. Which of the following best describe Antonio C? A. a childish man B. a rude man C. a romantic man D. a stubborn（固执）man 9. The marriage of Antonio C and Rosa C . A. may come to an end because the husband sticks to his decision B. appears to set a new record C. may have lasted over 36 years D. began in the 1930s before both ending previous marriages 10. This passage may come from . A. a text book B. a newspaper C. a history book D. an advertisement C There has been a dramatic increase in the number of natural disasters over the past few years，and it is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future. Some of the world’s leading cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves. London London’s flood defences are getting older. Since 1982, the Thames Barrier(水闸) has protected the city from the threat of flooding，but it was only designed to last until 2030 and close once every two or three years. About 21 years later the barrier now closes five or six times a year and according to Environment Agency predictions, by 2050 the barrier will be closed on almost every tide if the problem is not addressed. There are 26 underground stations, 400 schools, 16 hospitals, an airport and 80 billion worth of property in London's flood risk area, so large scale flooding would be disastrous. Paris Over a six-week period in July and August 2008，more than 11400 — mainly elderly people — died in France from dehydration (脱水) and extremely high body temperature in a deadly heat wave. Heat waves of similar intensity (强度) are expected every seven years by 2050, so what can be done to make sure such a disaster does not happen again? One solution is to have air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes. But this is considered a short-term solution, as the increase in demand for electricity also increases carbon emissions. In Paris the local authorities are encouraging architects to design new types of buildings such as the building ―Flower Tower‖, which uses a covering of bamboo to act as a natural air-conditioner. Shanghai Shanghai is the fastest growing city on Earth. It has a population of 18 million and is only 4 meters above sea level. Sea levels are predicted to rise by 20 cm within the next century. An estimated 250,000 people move to Shanghai every year in search of work, placing extra demands on energy consumption. China relies heavily on coal-fired power stations, but these emissions increase temperatures and, in turn, warmer seas increase the risk of typhoons. 11. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Big Cities Facing Big Disasters B. Big Disasters in the Future C. The Increase of Natural Disasters D. Solutions to Natural Disasters 12. What problem should be settled now in London? A. How to protect the city’s property. B. Where to build its flood defences. C. How to use the Thames Barrier. D. How to improve the function of the old flood defences. 13. Which of the following measures can’t solve the heat wave disaster in Paris? A. Putting up new types of buildings with a covering of bamboo. B. Having air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes. C. Forbidding the city to build ―Flower Tower‖. D. Encouraging architects to design new types of buildings. 14. The major threats to Shanghai are ________. A. increasing population and coal-fired power stations B. rising sea levels and typhoons C. extremely high temperature and rising sea levels D. extra demands on energy consumption and typhoons 15. The purpose of the passage is ________. A. to tell us how to protect the big cities B. to give advice on how to defend natural disasters C. to explain what causes flood and heat waves D. to warn us of the increasing natural disasters in big cities 高二英语寒假作业（三） 一、单词拼写 1. There are plenty of jobs__________ (可获得的)in the western part of the country. 2. To his __________(表扬)，he returned the money he found. 3. Parents should try their best to __________(暴露，使接触) their children to the best education. 4. She ___________(投稿) an article to our magazine. 5. The Tower of London is a great ____________(吸引)to tourists. 二、语法填空 1. Apart from the construction __________above, you have also learned the following phrases. 除了上面提到的结构，你们还学过以下的一些短语。（过去分词作定语） 2. To her great surprise, zhang Pingyu found the Queen’s jewels _____________ by special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth 1. 让张萍玉异常惊讶的是，她发现女王的珠宝由皇家特别侍卫守护着，而这些士兵在一些特殊的日子仍然穿着400年前伊丽莎白一世女王时代的制服。（过去分词做宾补） 3. There followed ST. Paul’s Cathedral __________after the terrible fire of London in 1666 . 接着是圣保罗大教堂，它是1666年伦敦大火之后修建的。（过去分词作定语） 4.It has the oldest ports _______ by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building _________ by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castles _______ by later Norman rulers in 1066. 它有罗马人于公元1世纪建的最古老的港口，盎格鲁-萨克森人于11世纪60年代建起的最古老的建筑以及后来的诺曼统治者于1066年建造的最古老的城堡。（过去分词作定语） 三、完形填空 Once there was a very brilliant, creative and educated man. He gained much 1 while traveling throughout the world. Unfortunately he lost his legs and left arm in a tragic accident, leaving only a finger and thumb on his right hand. He became so 2 that he was afraid he would spend his life 3 and would no longer be able to use his life in a(n) 4 way. One day, he remembered how he had always loved getting 5 . He realized that he still had partial 6 of his right hand and could write with 7 . Then, he had an idea. ―Why not write to other people who need encouragement?‖ He 8 where he could find those who could be encouraged if they read his letters. He thought of people in 9 . Many of them had hope of regaining their 10 . Others would keep feeling depressed and remain put away for the rest of their lives. He decided that he must try to 11 them. So he wrote to a prison ministry about sending letters to the prisoners. The prison minister replied that writing to the prisoners would be 12 . However, it would be against prison rules for the prisoners to write back. 13 with the intention, the man began sending 14 messages of God’s love, hope, strength, and encouragement. He wrote twice a week, 15 his strength and ability to the limit. He poured his heart and soul into his words, 16 his experience, sense of humor, optimism, and faith. It was difficult to write those letters, especially without hope of any 17 . Frequently, he felt discouraged, wondering if anyone 18 read his letters. However, this was his 19 chance，so he determined to continue. At last, he received a letter from the prison officer, which said, ―Please write on the best paper you can afford. Your letters are passed from cell (牢房) to cell until they almost fall to 20 !‖We all have unique experiences, abilities and talents. We can discover ways to reach others in need of encouragement and strength. 1. A. wealth B. faith C. experience D. confidence 2. A. depressed B. embarrassed C. ashamed D. thrilled 3. A. writing B. suffering C. weeping D. wandering 4. A. abnormal B. regular C. comfortable D. meaningful 5. A. presents B. e-mails C. letters D. prizes 6. A. sense B. strength C. shape D. function 7. A. affection B. caution C. difficulty D. confidence 8. A. evaluated B. doubted C. assumed D. wondered 9. A. hospitals B. churches C. prisons D. charities 10. A. families B. letters C. freedom D. conscience 11. A. release B. reach C. defend D. know 12. A. acceptable B. reasonable C. prohibited D. considered 13. A. Faced B. Filled C. Satisfied D. Annoyed 14. A. holy B. daily C. one-way D. round-way 15. A. holding B. making C. doing D. testing 16. A. sharing B. learning C. gaining D. enriching 17. A. success B. reply C. help D. progress 18. A. curiously B. patiently C. carefully D. actually 19. A. only B. better C. extra D. lost 20. A. ruin B. pieces C. the ground D. the bottom 四、阅读理解 A In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America, killing over 30,000 people in less than four minutes. A father rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake. After the shock, he remembered the promise he had made to his son: ―No matter what happened, I’ll always be there for you!‖ And tears began to fill his eyes. As he looked at the pile of ruins that once was the school, it looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his promise to his son. Remembering his son’s classroom woul d be in the back right corner of the building, he rushed there and started digging. Other parents tried to pull him off the ruins, saying: ―It’s too late! They’re all dead! You can’t help!‖ He replied, ―Are you going to help me now?‖ The fire chief showed up and tried to pull him off the school’s ruins saying, ―Fires are breaking out, explosions are happening everywhere. You’re in danger. We’ll take care of it. Go home.‖ This loving, caring American father asked, ―Are you going to help me now?‖ The police c ame and said, ―You’re anxious and it’s over. Go home. We’ll handle it!‖ He replied, ―Are you going to help me now?‖ No one helped. Courageously he went on alone. He dug for eight hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...then, in the 38th hour, he heard his son’s voice. He screamed his son’s name, ―ARMAND!‖ He heard back, ―Dad! It’s me, Dad! You promised no matter what happened, you would always be there for me! You did it, Dad!‖ ―What’s going on in there? How is it?‖ the father asked. ―There are 14 of us left out of 33, Dad. ‖ ―Come out, boy!‖ ―No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, because I know you’ll get me! No matter what happens, I know you’ll always be there for me!‖ 1. Why did the father keep digging? A. Because he promised his wife he would take care of their son. B. Because others persuaded him to do so. C. Because he promised his son that he would be with him whatever happened. D. Because his son was his only child. 2. Many people came up and tried to persuade the father to stop digging except ______. A. the police B. the fire chief C. some kind parents D. the medical officer 3.Which of the following best describes the son? A. Calm, hopeful and strong-minded. B. Careful, helpful and absent-minded. C. Frightened, hopeless and thankful. D. Cold-hearted, honest and faithful. 4. What does the underlined word ―they‖ in the fourth paragraph refer to? A. those parents B. the students C. the teachers D. the fire officers 5. We can learn from the passage that ______. A. sometimes all a person needs is a hand to hold and a heart to understand B. you cannot go on well in life until you forget your past failures C. love can set us free from all fear and overcome the difficulties D. we have enough happiness to make us sweet and enough sorrow to keep us human B People have been talking about health for a long time because people know the importance of it. People's understanding of health also becomes deeper with the progress in scientific research. Recently the term "health" has come to have a wider meaning than it used to. It no longer means just the absence of illness. Today, health means the well-being of your body, your mind and your relationship with other people. This new concept of health is closely related to another term-quality of life. Quality of life is the degree of overall satisfaction that a person gets from life. Why has the emphasis of health shifted from the absence of disease to a broader focus on the quality of a person's life? One reason for this has to do with the length and conditions of life that people can now expect. Medical advances have made it possible for people today to live longer, healthier lives. Imagine for a moment that you were born in the year 1900. You could have expected on average to live until about the age of 47. In contrast, if you were born in the year 1999, you could expect to live to the age of 75. 6.________ leads to people's deeper understanding of health. A．Common knowledge B．Progress in scientific research C．Better conditions of living D．Quality of life 7. According to the passage, to people of today, health means ________. A. absence of illness B. a long life C .good conditions of living D. overall satisfaction with life 8.The emphasis of health has shifted nowadays because _________. A. people enjoy better conditions of living and they can live longer B. people pay more attention to their physical health, not their mental health C. people have realized the importance of mental well-being D. people are inspired by medical advances 9. We can infer from the passage __________. A. nowadays the emphasis of health has a broader focus because of improvements in the quality of food B. the overall quality of people's lives improved greatly in the 20th century C. those who never fall ill are the truly healthy people D. those who were born before 1900 could not have lived until now 10. This passage is mainly about __________. A. different understandings of the term "health" B. improving the quality of life C. the importance of quality living D. people's expectations of a long and healthy life C Wake Up, Sleep Gene Some people can stay up all night and still get work done the next day. I’m not one of them. After a night without enough sleep, I feel bad-tempered. I have trouble remembering things. And all I want to do is crawl back into bed and sleep. How do you feel after you’ve stayed up late to finish schoolwork? Or the day after an overnight party? Scientists now say that your answers to these questions may depend on your genes. New research suggests that a gene called period 3 affects how well you function without sleep. The period 3 gene comes in two forms: short and long. Everyone has two copies of the gene. So, you may have two longs, two shorts, or one of each. Your particular combination depends on what your parents passed on to you. Scientists from the University of Surrey in England studied 24 people who had either two short or two long copies of period 3. Study participants had to stay awake for 40 hours straight. Then, they took tests that measured how quickly they pushed a button when number flashed on a screen and how well they could remember lists of numbers. Results showed that the people with the short form of period 3 performed much better on these tests than the people with the long form did. In both groups, people performed worst in the early morning. That’s the time when truc k drivers and other night-shift workers say they have the most trouble concentrating. After the first round of experiments, participants were finally allowed to sleep. People in the group that performed well on the tests took about 18 minutes to nod off. People with the long period 3 gene, by contrast, fell asleep in just 8 minutes .They also spent more time in dip sleep. That suggests that people with the long form of the gene need more and deeper sleep to keep their brains working at top form. I think I must have the long form of period3. What about you? 11. The purpose of this passage might be________. A. to tell us the importance of plenty of sleep B. to tell the result of a research on sleepy gene C. to inform the harm of lacking sleep D. to announce the sleeping rules of humans 12. Which of the following decides how well you perform without sleep? A. One short form B. One long copy C. Period 3. D. One short and two long copies. 13. What kind of people need less sleep according to the research ? A. Those with two short copies of the gene B. Those with two long copies of the gene C. Those with one short and one long copies of the gene D. Those with three short copies of the gene. 14. If one lacks enough sleep, one should avoid doing important or dangerous things________. A. at noon B. at night C. in the afternoon D. at dawn 15. Why did the writer suppose he or she had a long form of period 3? A. Because the writer could remain energetic without enough sleep. B. Because the writer could do things correctly at dawn. C. Because the writer needed more sleep to keep energetic D. Because the writer recovered quickly after sleep. 高二寒假作业物理（一） 一．选择题 1．下列物理量属于矢量的是 A ．质量 B ．位移 C ．时间 D ．路程 2．某位教师为了让学生对学过的公式的适用条件引起重视，特别命制了一道关于公式适用条件的 选择题。下面关于电场强度的公式（a ）F E q = 、（b ）2Q E k r =、(c)U E d =的说法中错误的是 A ．三个公式使用的范围是不同的 B ．（a ）式对任何电场都适用 C ．适用于点电荷电场的只有(b)式，适用于匀强电场的只有（c ）式 D ．国际单位制中三个公式所得出的电场强度单位都是相同的 3． 如图所示，某飞行员跳伞后飞机上的甲人和地面上的乙人观察跳伞 飞行员的运动后，引发了对跳伞飞行员运动情况的争论，下列说法 正确的是 A ．甲、乙两人的说法中必有一个是错误的 B ．他们的争论是由于选择的参考系不同而引起的 C ．研究物体运动时不一定要选择参考系 D ．参考系的选择只能是相对于地面静止的物体 4． 如图所示，物体P 以一定的初速度沿光滑水平面向右运动，与一个右端固定的轻质弹簧相 撞，并被弹簧反向弹回．若弹簧在被压缩过程中始终遵守胡克定律，那么在P 与弹簧发生相互作用的整个过程中 A ．P 的加速度大小保持不变 B ．P 的加速度方向保持不变 C ．当加速度数值最大时，速度为零 D ．有一段过程，P 的加速度逐渐减小，速度逐渐增大 5. 下列各图中，用带箭头的细实线标出了通电直导线周围磁感线的分布情况，其中正确的 是（ D ） 6． 如图甲所示，物块的质量m ＝1 kg ，初速度v 0＝10 m/s ，在一水平向左的恒力F 作用下从O 点 沿粗糙的水平面向右运动，某时刻后该力突然反向，整个过程中物块速度的平方随位置坐标变化的关系图象如图乙所示，g ＝ 10 m/s 2 ．下列选项中正确的是 A ．2 ～3 s 内物块做匀减速运动 B ．在t ＝1 s 时刻，恒力F 反向 C ．物块与水平面间的动摩擦因数为0.3 D ．恒力F 大小为10 N 7．如图所示，虚线a 、b 、c 代表静电场中的三个等势面，它们的电势分别为φa 、φb 和φc 、φa >φb >φc 。 一带电的粒子射入电场中，其运动轨迹如图中实线KLMN 所示，由图可知（ ） A ．粒子带正电 B ．粒子从L 到M 的过程中，静电力做负功 C ．粒子从K 到L 的过程中，电势能增加 D ．粒子从L 到M 的过程中，动能减少 8．一个用半导体材料制成的电阻器D ，其电流I 随它两端的电压U 的关系图象如下图甲所示，将它与两个标准电阻R 1、R 2并联后接在电压恒为U 的电源上，如图乙所示，三个用电器消耗的电功率均为P ．现将它们连接成如图丙所示的电路，仍然接在该电源的两端，设电阻器D 和电阻R 1、R 2消耗的电功率分别为P D 、P 1、P 2，它们之间的大小关系为（ ） A ．P 1＝4P 2 B ．P D C ．P 1<4P 2 D ．P D >P 2 二、实验题 9.利用如图(a)所示电路，可以测量电源的电动势和内阻，所用的实验器材有： 待测电源，电阻箱R (最大阻值999.9Ω)， 电阻R 0(阻值3.0Ω)，电阻R 1(阻值3.0Ω)， 电流表○A (量程为200mA ，内阻为R A =6.0Ω)，开关S 。 实验步骤如下： ①将电阻箱阻值调到最大，闭合开关S ； ②多次调节电阻箱，记下电流表的示数I 和电阻箱相应的阻值R ； ③以I 1为纵坐标，R 为横坐标，作I 1 - R 图线(用直线拟合) ④求出直线的斜率k 和在纵轴上的截距b 回答下列问题： (1)分别用E 和r 表示电源的电动势和内阻，则 I 1 = 。 (2)实验得到的部分数据如下表所示，其中电阻R =3.0Ω时电流表的示数如图(b)所示，读出数 图1 F O 甲 v 0 乙 高二寒假作业物理（二） 一、选择题 1．如图所示，a、b、c、d是某匀强电场中的四个点，它们正好是一个矩形的四个顶点，ab＝cd＝ 10 cm，ad＝bc＝20 cm，电场线与矩形所在平面平行．已知a点电势为20 V，b点电势为24 V， 则 A．电场强度大小一定为E＝40 V/m B．c、d间电势差一定为4 V C．电场强度的方向一定由b指向a D．c点电势可能比d点低 2．如图所示电路，下列说法正确的是 A．当R 1 =0时，电源输出功率最大 B．当R 1=0时，R 消耗功率最大 C．当R 0+R 1 =r时，电源输出功率最大 D．当R 1=R +r时，R 1 消耗功率最大 3．一个电流表的满偏电压为U g，内电阻为R g，要把它改装成量程为nU g的电压表，应在电流表上A．串联一个nR g的电阻B．并联一个nR g的电阻 C．串联一个（n-1）R g的电阻D．并联一个（n-1）R g的电阻4．手机已是我们生活中普遍的通信工具，如图所示是中国科健股份有限公司生产的一块手机电池外壳上的文字说明，由此可知此电池的电动势和待机状态下平均工作电流分别是 A．4．2 V 14．58 mA B．4．2 V 700 mA C．3．7 V 14．58 mA D．3．7 V 700 mA 5．如图所示电路用来测定电池组的电动势和内电阻。其中V为电压表（理想电表），定值电阻R=7．0Ω。在电键未接通时，V的读数为6．0V；接通电键后，V的读数变为5．6V。那么，电池组的电动势和内电阻分别等于（） A．6．0V，0．5ΩB．6．0V，1．25Ω C．5．6V，1．25ΩD．5．6V，0．5Ω 6．下列说法中正确的是 A．电荷在某处不受电场力的作用，则该处电场强度不一定为零 B．一小段通电导线在某处不受磁场力作用，则该处磁感应强度一定为零 C．电场强度是表征电场中某点电场的强弱，是把一个检验电荷放在该点时受到的电场力与检验电荷本身电荷量的比值 D．磁感应强度是表征磁场中某点磁场的强弱，是把一小段通电导线放在该点时受到的磁场力与该小段导线长度和电流乘积的比值 7．如图甲所示，理想变压器的原线圈电路中装有额定电流0.5A的保险丝L，原线圈匝数 1 600 n= 匝，副线圈匝数 2 120 n=匝。当原线圈接在如图乙所示的交流电源上时，要使整个电路和用电器正常工作，则副线圈两端可以接 A．工作频率为10Hz的用电设备 B．阻值为15Ω的电阻
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